CN112493074A - Method for improving experimental planting efficiency of sweet potatoes - Google Patents
Method for improving experimental planting efficiency of sweet potatoes Download PDFInfo
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- CN112493074A CN112493074A CN202011373788.2A CN202011373788A CN112493074A CN 112493074 A CN112493074 A CN 112493074A CN 202011373788 A CN202011373788 A CN 202011373788A CN 112493074 A CN112493074 A CN 112493074A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
- A01G25/02—Watering arrangements located above the soil which make use of perforated pipe-lines or pipe-lines with dispensing fittings, e.g. for drip irrigation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving sweet potato test planting efficiency. In the sweet potato planting method disclosed by the invention, the sweet potato is the Yanshu 25, and the method comprises the following steps: on day 1, after a spray irrigation belt is laid in the field, the spray irrigation belt is used for spraying water in the field, and the total amount of the sprayed water is 0.01 cubic meter/m2(ii) a On the 2 nd day, obliquely inserting the potato seedlings into the ridges by using an implement, and compacting the potato seedlings; on day 3, spraying water in the field by using a spray irrigation belt, wherein the total amount of the sprayed water is 0.04 cubic meter/m2(ii) a On 23 days, spraying water in the field by using a spray irrigation belt, wherein the total amount of the sprayed water is 0.02 cubic meter/m2And finishing the planting of the sweet potatoes. The invention adopts the sprinkling irrigation belt, is laid once and can be used for a plurality of times, thereby not only saving the heavy labor of manual watering, but also preventing the problem of severe drought in the weather and having high survival rate of the potato seedlings; the potato seedlings are obliquely inserted into ridges by using a device, and the potatoes are compactedThe seedling method saves the working procedures of manually watering the water nest and covering soil after watering, and saves time and labor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural planting, in particular to a method for improving sweet potato test planting efficiency.
Background
The sweet potato planting is a labor-consuming and laborious thing, and particularly, in the sweet potato planting test, the variety is large, and the flow is complex. The method mainly comprises the following steps: the whole process adopts manual planting, in the manual planting process, the potato seedlings are inserted into soil by hands, a watering pit needs to be dug out, and hands are worn out by workers due to the fact that the hands are in direct contact with the soil for a long time. Then artificially watering enough water in the nest, draining the water when waiting, and then burying the nest. Through the steps, the planting is completed.
Therefore, the sweet potato test planting method which is simple to operate and saves labor is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of how to improve the experimental planting efficiency of sweet potatoes.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention firstly provides a planting method of sweet potatoes, wherein the sweet potatoes are nicotiana batatas 25, and the method comprises the following steps:
1) on day 1, after a spray irrigation belt is laid in the field, the spray irrigation belt is used for spraying water in the field, and the total amount of the sprayed water is 0.01 cubic meter/m2；
2) On the 2 nd day, obliquely inserting the potato seedlings into the ridges by using an implement, and compacting the potato seedlings;
3) on day 3, spraying water in the field by using a spray irrigation belt, wherein the total amount of the sprayed water is 0.04 cubic meter/m2；
4) On 23 days, spraying water in the field by using a spray irrigation belt, wherein the total amount of the sprayed water is 0.02 cubic meter/m2And finishing the planting of the sweet potatoes.
In the method, the sprinkling irrigation belt can be a micro-sprinkling system which consists of a water delivery pipe and a hose with holes and can form a fine rain effect.
In the above method, the water spraying time of the step 1) may be 30 minutes.
In the above method, the water spraying time of the step 2) may be 2 hours.
In the above method, the water spraying time of the step 4) may be 1 hour.
In the method, the appliance can be a strip-shaped appliance with a small radian at the front end, a half-moon shape and certain hardness.
In the above method, the utensil may be a wooden, iron or bamboo utensil.
The application of the method in the production of sweet potatoes also belongs to the protection scope of the invention.
The application of the method in sweet potato breeding also belongs to the protection scope of the invention.
In the method, the potato seedlings are compacted by inserting the potato seedlings into the ridges to form holes, and the holes are compacted by hands.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the sprinkling irrigation belt is adopted, once laid and can be used for many times, so that the heavy labor of manual watering is saved, the problem of severe drought in weather can be prevented, and the survival rate of the potato seedlings is high.
2. The method of obliquely inserting the potato seedlings into the ridges by using the tool and simultaneously compacting the potato seedlings saves the working procedures of manually making watering nests and covering soil after watering, does not cause hand contact with soil basically, does not have the problem of hand abrasion, and saves more labor than hand soil insertion by using hard tools for planting.
The invention greatly improves the experimental planting efficiency of the sweet potatoes, can save more than 60% of labor, and effectively protects hands of workers from being damaged. In the experimental planting work of the sweet potatoes, the method can greatly improve the working efficiency.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments, which are given for the purpose of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The examples provided below serve as a guide for further modifications by a person skilled in the art and do not constitute a limitation of the invention in any way.
The experimental procedures in the following examples, unless otherwise indicated, are conventional and are carried out according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the field or according to the instructions of the products. Materials, reagents, instruments and the like used in the following examples are commercially available unless otherwise specified. The quantitative tests in the following examples, all set up three replicates and the results averaged.
Example 1 sweet Potato planting
The following experiments were carried out in the sweet potato test field of the farm institute of cigarette stage city, Shandong province, China. The sweet potato is Nicotiana tabacum 25, and is carried out in a test field without mulching film. The test adopts a random block design, 4 treatment zones are randomly arranged, and each treatment zone is 667m2Respectively is as follows:
treatment area 1: spraying for 1 hour and spraying and soaking for 1 hour after planting;
treatment area 2: spraying for 1 hour and spraying and soaking for 2 hours after planting;
treatment area 3: spraying for 30 minutes and spraying and soaking for 1 hour after planting;
treatment area 4: spray-wet for 30 minutes + spray-soak for 2 hours after planting.
Each treatment area is provided with three repetitions, and the water spraying speed of each treatment area is the same as the water amount in unit time.
First, the test of spray-wet for 1 hour + spray-dip after planting for 1 hour (treatment area 1) was as follows:
1. on day 1 (early 5 months), the sprinkling irrigation belt is laid and water is sprayed for 1 hour, and the total water spraying amount is 0.02 cubic meter/m2；
2. On the 2 nd day, the worker obliquely inserts the potato seedlings into the ridges by using an appliance (a strip-shaped appliance with a small radian at the front end, a half-moon shape and certain hardness), and compacts the potato seedlings;
3. on day 3, the sprinkling irrigation belt is opened, water is sprayed for 1 hour, and the total amount of sprayed water is 0.02 cubic meter/m2；
4. On day 23, water was sprayed for 1 hour, the total amount of water sprayed was 0.02 cubic meter/m2。
By the method, 1 worker can finish the operation within 2 hours on day 1; on day 2, 2 workers completed for 4 hours; on day 3, 1 worker completed 1 hour; on day 23, one worker completed 1 hour. The total man-hour is 12.
Second, the test of spray-wetting for 1 hour + spray-dipping for 2 hours after planting (treatment area 2) was as follows:
1. on day 1 (early 5 months), the sprinkling irrigation belt is laid and water is sprayed for 1 hour, and the total water spraying amount is 0.02 cubic meter/m2；
2. On the 2 nd day, workers insert potato seedlings into ridges obliquely by using an implement and compact the potato seedlings;
3. on day 3, the sprinkling irrigation belt is opened, water is sprayed for 2 hours, and the total amount of sprayed water is 0.04 cubic meter/m2；
4. On day 23, water was sprayed for 1 hour, the total amount of water sprayed was 0.02 cubic meter/m2。
By the above method, 1 worker completed 2 hours on day 1; on day 2, 2 workers completed for 4 hours; on day 3, 1 worker completed 2 hours; on day 23, one worker completed 1 hour. The total man-hour is 13.
Thirdly, the test of 30 minutes of spray wetting + 1 hour of spray soaking after planting (treatment area 3) is as follows:
1. on day 1 (early 5 months), the sprinkling irrigation belt is laid and water is sprayed for 30 minutes, and the total water spraying amount is 0.01 cubic meter/m2；
2. On the 2 nd day, workers insert potato seedlings into ridges obliquely by using an implement and compact the potato seedlings;
3. on day 3, the sprinkling irrigation belt is opened, water is sprayed for 1 hour, and the total amount of sprayed water is 0.02 cubic meter/m2；
4. On day 23, water was sprayed for 1 hour, the total amount of water sprayed was 0.02 cubic meter/m2。
By the above method, 1 worker completed 1.5 hours on day 1; on day 2, 2 workers completed for 4 hours; on day 3, 1 worker completed 1 hour; on day 23, one worker completed 1 hour. The total man-hours of labor is 11.5.
Fourth, the test of 30 minutes of spray wetting + 2 hours of spray soaking after planting (treatment area 4) was as follows:
1. on day 1 (early 5 months), the sprinkling irrigation belt is laid and water is sprayed for 30 minutes, and the total water spraying amount is 0.01 cubic meter/m2；
2. On the 2 nd day, workers insert potato seedlings into ridges obliquely by using an implement and compact the potato seedlings;
3. on day 3, the sprinkling irrigation belt is opened, water is sprayed for 2 hours, and the total amount of sprayed water is 0.04 cubic meter/m2；
4. On day 23, water was sprayed for 1 hour, the total amount of water sprayed was 0.02 cubic meter/m2。
By the above method, 1 worker completed 1.5 hours on day 1; on day 2, 2 workers completed for 4 hours; on day 3, 1 worker completed 2 hours; on day 23, one worker completed 1 hour. The total man-hours is 12.5.
The survival rates of the four treatment zones were counted on day 1, day 30, and the survival rates of treatment zone 1, treatment zone 2, treatment zone 3, and treatment zone 4 were 90%, 95%, 90%, and 98%, respectively. Indicating that treatment zone 4 survived the highest rate.
Example 2 Experimental planting of traditional sweet potatoes
The following experiments were carried out in the sweet potato test field of the farm institute of cigarette stage city, Shandong province, China. The sweet potato is Nicotiana tabacum 25, and is carried out in a test field without mulching film. The test adopts a random block design, and 3 repeats are randomly arranged, wherein each repeat is 667m2The treatment method comprises the following steps:
1. on day 1 (5 months, the same day as day 2 of example 1), workers insert potato seedlings into ridges by hands, arrange watering pits around the potato seedlings by hands, water is sufficiently poured into the watering pits, and cover the pits tightly with cover soil after the water is infiltrated;
2. and on 22 th day, watering in the ridges in a large water flood irrigation mode, and digging a water channel.
By the above method, 3 workers 8 hours on day 1; on day 22, 2 workers had 4 hours. The total man-hour is 32 man-hours, and the total water consumption is 0.5 cubic meter/m2。
At day 30, the survival rate was counted as 95%, which was substantially the same as that of treatment area 2 in example 1, while the man-hours used were much larger than that of all the treatment areas, taking time, labor and water as compared with example 1.
Because the traditional method adopts artificial planting, the hands of workers are in direct contact with soil, the damage to the workers is large, the working procedures are complicated, the labor amount is large, the weather is dry in the later period, and the water replenishing work is also complicated. By adopting the new planting method, the hands of workers are effectively protected. Meanwhile, the new planting method can save more than 60% of labor force on average. By adopting a new planting mode, the influence of weather and drought is avoided, the potato seedlings can be quickly and labor-saving supplemented with water, and the switch is turned on. Spraying water for 1 hour before planting, and spraying water for 30 minutes before planting because the soil is wet in the next day of planting, which is not favorable for keeping the cleanness of the test soil. From the perspective of spraying water after planting, the effect of spraying water for 1 hour is inferior to that of spraying water for 2 hours, and after spraying water for 2 hours, ridge bases can be completely soaked, so that the drought resistance and the survival rate of potato seedlings are improved. By combining the tests and the new planting method, the optimal scheme that water is sprayed for 30 minutes before planting and for 2 hours after planting is adopted.
Example 3 sweet Potato planting
The following experiments were carried out in the sweet potato test field of the farm institute of cigarette stage city, Shandong province, China. The sweet potato is Nicotiana tabacum 26, and is carried out in a test field covered with a mulching film. The test adopts a random block design, 4 treatment zones are randomly arranged, and each treatment zone is 667m2Respectively is as follows:
treatment area 1: spraying for 1 hour and spraying and soaking for 1 hour after planting;
treatment area 2: spraying for 1 hour and spraying and soaking for 2 hours after planting;
treatment area 3: spraying for 30 minutes and spraying and soaking for 1 hour after planting;
treatment area 4: spray-wet for 30 minutes + spray-soak for 2 hours after planting.
Each treatment area is provided with three repetitions, and the water spraying speed of each treatment area is the same as the water amount in unit time.
First, the test of spray-wet for 1 hour + spray-dip after planting for 1 hour (treatment area 1) was as follows:
1. on day 1 (early 5 months), the spray irrigation belt (a micro-spray system which consists of a water pipe and a hose with holes and can form a fine rain effect) is laid, and water is sprayed for 1 hour, wherein the total water spraying amount is 0.02 cubic meter/m2；
2. On the 2 nd day, workers insert potato seedlings into ridges obliquely by using an implement and compact the potato seedlings;
3. on day 3, the sprinkling irrigation belt is opened, water is sprayed for 1 hour, and the total amount of sprayed water is 0.02 cubic meter/m2；
4. On day 23, water was sprayed for 1 hour, the total amount of water sprayed was 0.02 cubic meter/m2。
By the method, 1 worker can finish the operation within 2 hours on day 1; on day 2, 2 workers completed for 4 hours; on day 3, 1 worker completed 1 hour; on day 23, one worker completed 1 hour. The total man-hour is 12.
Second, the test of spray-wetting for 1 hour + spray-dipping for 2 hours after planting (treatment area 2) was as follows:
1. on day 1 (early 5 months), the sprinkling irrigation belt is laid and water is sprayed for 1 hour, and the total water spraying amount is 0.02 cubic meter/m2；
2. On the 2 nd day, workers insert potato seedlings into ridges obliquely by using an implement and compact the potato seedlings;
3. on day 3, the sprinkling irrigation belt is opened, water is sprayed for 2 hours, and the total amount of sprayed water is 0.04 cubic meter/m2；
4. On day 23, water was sprayed for 1 hour, the total amount of water sprayed was 0.02 cubic meter/m2。
By the above method, 1 worker completed 2 hours on day 1; on day 2, 2 workers completed for 4 hours; on day 3, 1 worker completed 2 hours; on day 23, one worker completed 1 hour. The total man-hour is 13.
Thirdly, the test of 30 minutes of spray wetting + 1 hour of spray soaking after planting (treatment area 3) is as follows:
1. on day 1 (early 5 months), the sprinkling irrigation belt is laid and water is sprayed for 30 minutes, and the total water spraying amount is 0.01 cubic meter/m2；
2. On the 2 nd day, workers insert potato seedlings into ridges obliquely by using an implement and compact the potato seedlings;
3. on day 3, the sprinkling irrigation belt is opened, water is sprayed for 1 hour, and the total amount of sprayed water is 0.02 cubic meter/m2；
4. On day 23, water was sprayed for 1 hour, the total amount of water sprayed was 0.02 cubic meter/m2。
By the above method, 1 worker completed 1.5 hours on day 1; on day 2, 2 workers completed for 4 hours; on day 3, 1 worker completed 1 hour; on day 23, one worker completed 1 hour. The total man-hours of labor is 11.5.
Fourth, the test of 30 minutes of spray wetting + 2 hours of spray soaking after planting (treatment area 4) was as follows:
1. on day 1 (early 5 months), the sprinkling irrigation belt is laid and water is sprayed for 30 minutes, and the total water spraying amount is 0.01 cubic meter/m2；
2. On the 2 nd day, workers insert potato seedlings into ridges obliquely by using an implement and compact the potato seedlings;
3. on day 3, the sprinkling irrigation belt is opened, water is sprayed for 2 hours, and the total amount of sprayed water is 0.04 cubic meter/m2；
4. On day 23, water was sprayed for 1 hour, the total amount of water sprayed was 0.02 cubic meter/m2。
By the above method, 1 worker completed 1.5 hours on day 1; on day 2, 2 workers completed for 4 hours; on day 3, 1 worker completed 2 hours; on day 23, one worker completed 1 hour. The total man-hours is 12.5.
The survival rates of the four treatment zones were counted on day 1, day 30, and the survival rates of treatment zone 1, treatment zone 2, treatment zone 3, and treatment zone 4 were 85%, 90%, and 90%, respectively. The method is more suitable for planting under the condition that the mulching film is not covered.
The present invention has been described in detail above. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention can be practiced in a wide range of equivalent parameters, concentrations, and conditions without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and without undue experimentation. While the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, it will be appreciated that the invention can be further modified. In general, this application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention following, in general, the principles of the invention and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the invention pertains. The use of some of the essential features is possible within the scope of the claims attached below.
Claims (9)
1. A method for planting sweet potatoes, wherein the sweet potatoes are Nicotiana tabacum 25, the method comprises the following steps:
1) on day 1, after a spray irrigation belt is laid in the field, the spray irrigation belt is used for spraying water in the field, and the total amount of the sprayed water is 0.01 cubic meter/m2；
2) On the 2 nd day, obliquely inserting the potato seedlings into the ridges by using an implement, and compacting the potato seedlings;
3) on day 3, spraying water in the field by using a spray irrigation belt, wherein the total amount of the sprayed water is 0.04 cubic meter/m2；
4) On 23 days, spraying water in the field by using a spray irrigation belt, wherein the total amount of the sprayed water is 0.02 cubic meter/m2And finishing the planting of the sweet potatoes.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the sprinkling irrigation belt is a micro-spraying system which consists of a water delivery pipe and a hose with holes and can form a fine rain effect.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the water spraying time in step 1) was 30 minutes.
4. A method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: the water spraying time of step 2) was 2 hours.
5. The method according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein: the water spraying time of the step 4) is 1 hour.
6. The method according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein: the appliance is a strip-shaped appliance with a small radian at the front end, a half-moon shape and certain hardness.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein: the utensil is a wooden, iron or bamboo utensil.
8. Use of the method of any one of claims 1-7 in sweet potato production.
9. Use of the method of any one of claims 1-7 in sweet potato breeding.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103392482A (en) * | 2013-07-31 | 2013-11-20 | 山东省烟台市农业科学研究院 | Efficient simple mulching cultivation method for sweet potatoes |
| CN103891503A (en) * | 2014-03-17 | 2014-07-02 | 中国科学院北方粳稻分子育种联合研究中心 | Method for cultivating leaf sweet potatoes in greenhouse of north |
| CN105103861A (en) * | 2015-08-17 | 2015-12-02 | 陈胜民 | Integrated comprehensive innovative technology for sweet potato sprout cultivation and planting |
| CN109588244A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-04-09 | 天津丰华裕隆农业发展股份有限公司 | A kind of high-yield planting method of field sweet potato |
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2020
- 2020-11-30 CN CN202011373788.2A patent/CN112493074A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103392482A (en) * | 2013-07-31 | 2013-11-20 | 山东省烟台市农业科学研究院 | Efficient simple mulching cultivation method for sweet potatoes |
| CN103891503A (en) * | 2014-03-17 | 2014-07-02 | 中国科学院北方粳稻分子育种联合研究中心 | Method for cultivating leaf sweet potatoes in greenhouse of north |
| CN105103861A (en) * | 2015-08-17 | 2015-12-02 | 陈胜民 | Integrated comprehensive innovative technology for sweet potato sprout cultivation and planting |
| CN109588244A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-04-09 | 天津丰华裕隆农业发展股份有限公司 | A kind of high-yield planting method of field sweet potato |
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Application publication date: 20210316 |