CN112485915B - Double-vision 3D display device based on stepped gradual change pitch polarization array - Google Patents
Double-vision 3D display device based on stepped gradual change pitch polarization array Download PDFInfo
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- CN112485915B CN112485915B CN202110027689.7A CN202110027689A CN112485915B CN 112485915 B CN112485915 B CN 112485915B CN 202110027689 A CN202110027689 A CN 202110027689A CN 112485915 B CN112485915 B CN 112485915B
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- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 118
- 208000003164 Diplopia Diseases 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 208000029444 double vision Diseases 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 204
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
- G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
- G02B30/22—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the stereoscopic type
- G02B30/25—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the stereoscopic type using polarisation techniques
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
- G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
- G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
- G02B30/30—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving parallax barriers
- G02B30/32—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving parallax barriers characterised by the geometry of the parallax barriers, e.g. staggered barriers, slanted parallax arrays or parallax arrays of varying shape or size
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
- G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
- G02B30/34—Stereoscopes providing a stereoscopic pair of separated images corresponding to parallactically displaced views of the same object, e.g. 3D slide viewers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a double-vision 3D display device based on a stepped gradient pitch polarization array, which comprises a display screen, a stepped gradient pitch polarization array, a stepped gradient pitch pinhole array, polarized glasses I and polarized glasses II; the horizontal pitches of the continuous multiple rows of pinholes positioned in the center of the stepped gradual change pitch pinhole array are the same; the step-by-step gradient pitch polarization array is formed by alternately arranging polarization units I and polarization units II in the horizontal and vertical directions; reconstructing a 3D image I by the image element I through the corresponding polarization unit I and the pinhole; reconstructing a 3D image II by the image element II through the corresponding polarization unit II and the pinhole; the polarization direction of the polarized glasses I is the same as that of the polarized unit I, and the polarization direction of the polarized glasses II is the same as that of the polarized unit II; only the 3D image I can be seen through the polarization glasses I and only the 3D image II can be seen through the polarization glasses II.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to 3D displays, and more particularly to dual vision 3D display devices based on stepped graded pitch polarization arrays.
Background
The integrated imaging dual-view 3D display is a fusion of the dual-view display technology and the integrated imaging 3D display technology. It may enable a viewer to see different 3D pictures in different viewing directions. However, conventional integrated imaging dual vision 3D displays suffer from the disadvantage of having two separate viewing zones. The need for a viewer to move the viewing position to see another picture has limited to a certain extent the use of integrated imaging dual vision 3D displays in home entertainment and medical devices. Two different 3D pictures can be separated by adopting the polarization array and matched polarization glasses, and a viewer can see different 3D pictures by switching different polarization glasses.
The traditional integrated imaging double-vision 3D display device based on the graded pitch polarization array has the advantages of no row or column pixel missing, wide viewing angle and the like. However, the conventional integrated imaging dual-view 3D display device based on the graded-pitch polarization array mainly has the following disadvantages:
(1) The horizontal pitch of adjacent pinholes in a graded pitch pinhole array varies in an equal ratio relationship, resulting in manufacturing difficulties and high costs for graded pitch pinhole arrays.
(2) The horizontal pitches of the polarization units I and II in the graded-pitch polarization array are equal to the horizontal pitches of the pinholes corresponding thereto, and thus the horizontal pitches of the adjacent polarization units are changed in an equal-ratio relationship, resulting in difficulty and high cost in manufacturing the graded-pitch polarization array.
(3) The horizontal resolution of the integrated imaging dual vision 3D display device is equal to the number of pinholes in the horizontal direction of the graded pitch pinhole array. Thus, the greater the horizontal resolution, the greater the difficulty and cost of manufacturing a graded pitch pinhole array.
(4) The number of polarization units in the horizontal direction of the graded pitch polarization array is equal to the number of pinholes in the horizontal direction of the graded pitch pinhole array. Thus, the greater the horizontal resolution, the greater the manufacturing difficulty and cost of the graded-pitch polarization array.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a double-vision 3D display device based on a stepped gradient pitch polarization array, which is shown in figures 1 and 2 and is characterized by comprising a display screen, a stepped gradient pitch polarization array, a stepped gradient pitch pinhole array, polarized glasses I and polarized glasses II; the display screen is sequentially and parallelly arranged with the step-by-step pitch polarization array and the step-by-step pitch pinhole array, and the display screen and the step-by-step pitch polarization array are correspondingly aligned; the step-by-step gradient pitch polarization array is attached to the display screen; the horizontal pitches of pinholes in the same row of the stepped gradual change pitch pinhole array are the same; the horizontal pitches of the continuous multiple rows of pinholes positioned in the center of the stepped gradual change pitch pinhole array are the same; the horizontal pitch P i of the ith row of pinholes in the stepped gradual change pitch pinhole array is calculated by the following formula
（1）
Wherein p is the horizontal pitch of the continuous multiple-row pinholes with the same horizontal pitch at the center of the stepped gradient pitch pinhole array, m is the number of pinholes in the horizontal direction of the stepped gradient pitch pinhole array, a is the number of columns of the continuous multiple-row pinholes with the same horizontal pitch at the center of the stepped gradient pitch pinhole array, l is the viewing distance, and g is the distance between the display screen and the stepped gradient pitch pinhole array; as shown in fig. 3, the step-by-step pitch polarization array is formed by alternately arranging a polarization unit I and a polarization unit II in horizontal and vertical directions, wherein the polarization direction of the polarization unit I is orthogonal to the polarization direction of the polarization unit II; the display screen is used for displaying the step-by-step gradient pitch micro-image array; as shown in fig. 4, the step-graded pitch micro-image array includes an image element I and an image element II; the horizontal pitch of the image element I is equal to the horizontal pitch of the corresponding pinhole; the horizontal pitch of the image element II is equal to the horizontal pitch of the corresponding pinhole; a plurality of image elements I which are continuously arranged in the horizontal direction and a plurality of pinholes which are continuously arranged in the horizontal direction are correspondingly aligned with the same polarization unit I; a plurality of image elements II which are continuously arranged in the horizontal direction and a plurality of pinholes which are continuously arranged in the horizontal direction are correspondingly aligned with the same polarization unit II; reconstructing a 3D image I by the image element I through the corresponding polarization unit I and the pinhole; reconstructing a 3D image II by the image element II through the corresponding polarization unit II and the pinhole; the polarization direction of the polarized glasses I is the same as that of the polarized unit I, and the polarization direction of the polarized glasses II is the same as that of the polarized unit II; only the 3D image I can be seen through the polarization glasses I and only the 3D image II can be seen through the polarization glasses II.
Preferably, the horizontal widths of the display screen, the step-gradient pitch polarization array and the step-gradient pitch pinhole array are equal, and the vertical widths of the display screen, the step-gradient pitch polarization array and the step-gradient pitch pinhole array are equal.
Preferably, the number of pinholes which are continuously arranged in the horizontal direction and correspond to the same polarization unit I is equal to half of the number of columns of continuous multiple columns of pinholes with the same horizontal pitch and positioned at the center of the stepped gradual pitch pinhole array; the number of pinholes continuously arranged in the horizontal direction corresponding to the same polarizing unit II is equal to half the number of the continuous multiple-row pinholes of the same horizontal pitch at the center of the stepped gradation pitch pinhole array.
Preferably, the number t of polarization units in the horizontal direction of the stepped graded pitch polarization array is calculated by the following formula
（2）
The horizontal pitch S j of the jth column of polarization units in the stepped gradient pitch polarization array is calculated by the following formula
（3）
Where m is the number of pinholes in the horizontal direction of the stepped taper pitch pinhole array, a is the number of columns of continuous multiple columns of pinholes with the same horizontal pitch at the center of the stepped taper pitch pinhole array, and P i is the horizontal pitch of the ith column of pinholes in the stepped taper pitch pinhole array.
Preferably, the horizontal viewing angle of the 3D image I is the same as that of the 3D image II; the horizontal viewing angle θ 1 of the 3D image I and the 3D image II is calculated by the following formula
（4）
Wherein, P i is the horizontal pitch of the ith row of pinholes in the step-gradient pitch pinhole array, P 1 is the horizontal pitch of the first row of pinholes in the step-gradient pitch pinhole array, w is the aperture width of the pinholes, m is the number of pinholes in the horizontal direction of the step-gradient pitch pinhole array, a is the number of continuous multiple rows of pinholes with the same horizontal pitch at the center of the step-gradient pitch pinhole array, l is the viewing distance, and g is the distance between the display screen and the step-gradient pitch pinhole array.
Preferably, the vertical pitch of the pinholes, picture element I, picture element II, polarizing element I and polarizing element II are all the same.
Preferably, the vertical viewing angle of the 3D image I is the same as that of the 3D image II; the vertical viewing angle θ 2 of the 3D image I and the 3D image II is calculated by the following formula
（5）
Where q is the vertical pitch of the pinholes, w is the aperture width of the pinholes, l is the viewing distance, g is the spacing between the display screen and the stepped taper pitch pinhole array, and n is the number of pinholes in the vertical direction of the stepped taper pitch pinhole array.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure and parameters in the horizontal direction of the present invention
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure and vertical parameters of the present invention
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a step-graded pitch polarization array according to the present invention
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a step-by-step graded pitch micro image array according to the present invention
The graphic reference numerals in the above figures are:
1. The display screen, 2, the step gradient pitch polarization array, 3, the step gradient pitch pinhole array, 4, the polarization glasses I,5, the polarization glasses II,6, the polarization unit I, 7, the polarization unit II,8, the image element I, 9, the image element II.
It should be understood that the above-described figures are merely schematic and are not drawn to scale.
Detailed Description
An exemplary embodiment of a dual vision 3D display device based on a stepped graded pitch polarization array of the present invention is described in detail below, and the present invention is further specifically described. It is noted that the following examples are given for the purpose of illustration only and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, since numerous insubstantial modifications and adaptations of the invention will be within the scope of the invention as viewed by one skilled in the art from the foregoing disclosure.
The invention provides a double-vision 3D display device based on a stepped gradient pitch polarization array, which is shown in figures 1 and 2 and is characterized by comprising a display screen, a stepped gradient pitch polarization array, a stepped gradient pitch pinhole array, polarized glasses I and polarized glasses II; the display screen is sequentially and parallelly arranged with the step-by-step pitch polarization array and the step-by-step pitch pinhole array, and the display screen and the step-by-step pitch polarization array are correspondingly aligned; the step-by-step gradient pitch polarization array is attached to the display screen; the horizontal pitches of pinholes in the same row of the stepped gradual change pitch pinhole array are the same; the horizontal pitches of the continuous multiple rows of pinholes positioned in the center of the stepped gradual change pitch pinhole array are the same; the horizontal pitch P i of the ith row of pinholes in the stepped gradual change pitch pinhole array is calculated by the following formula
（1）
Wherein p is the horizontal pitch of the continuous multiple-row pinholes with the same horizontal pitch at the center of the stepped gradient pitch pinhole array, m is the number of pinholes in the horizontal direction of the stepped gradient pitch pinhole array, a is the number of columns of the continuous multiple-row pinholes with the same horizontal pitch at the center of the stepped gradient pitch pinhole array, l is the viewing distance, and g is the distance between the display screen and the stepped gradient pitch pinhole array; as shown in fig. 3, the step-by-step pitch polarization array is formed by alternately arranging a polarization unit I and a polarization unit II in horizontal and vertical directions, wherein the polarization direction of the polarization unit I is orthogonal to the polarization direction of the polarization unit II; the display screen is used for displaying the step-by-step gradient pitch micro-image array; as shown in fig. 4, the step-graded pitch micro-image array includes an image element I and an image element II; the horizontal pitch of the image element I is equal to the horizontal pitch of the corresponding pinhole; the horizontal pitch of the image element II is equal to the horizontal pitch of the corresponding pinhole; a plurality of image elements I which are continuously arranged in the horizontal direction and a plurality of pinholes which are continuously arranged in the horizontal direction are correspondingly aligned with the same polarization unit I; a plurality of image elements II which are continuously arranged in the horizontal direction and a plurality of pinholes which are continuously arranged in the horizontal direction are correspondingly aligned with the same polarization unit II; reconstructing a 3D image I by the image element I through the corresponding polarization unit I and the pinhole; reconstructing a 3D image II by the image element II through the corresponding polarization unit II and the pinhole; the polarization direction of the polarized glasses I is the same as that of the polarized unit I, and the polarization direction of the polarized glasses II is the same as that of the polarized unit II; only the 3D image I can be seen through the polarization glasses I and only the 3D image II can be seen through the polarization glasses II.
Preferably, the horizontal widths of the display screen, the step-gradient pitch polarization array and the step-gradient pitch pinhole array are equal, and the vertical widths of the display screen, the step-gradient pitch polarization array and the step-gradient pitch pinhole array are equal.
Preferably, the number of pinholes which are continuously arranged in the horizontal direction and correspond to the same polarization unit I is equal to half of the number of columns of continuous multiple columns of pinholes with the same horizontal pitch and positioned at the center of the stepped gradual pitch pinhole array; the number of pinholes continuously arranged in the horizontal direction corresponding to the same polarizing unit II is equal to half the number of the continuous multiple-row pinholes of the same horizontal pitch at the center of the stepped gradation pitch pinhole array.
Preferably, the number t of polarization units in the horizontal direction of the stepped graded pitch polarization array is calculated by the following formula
（2）
The horizontal pitch S j of the jth column of polarization units in the stepped gradient pitch polarization array is calculated by the following formula
（3）
Where m is the number of pinholes in the horizontal direction of the stepped taper pitch pinhole array, a is the number of columns of continuous multiple columns of pinholes with the same horizontal pitch at the center of the stepped taper pitch pinhole array, and P i is the horizontal pitch of the ith column of pinholes in the stepped taper pitch pinhole array.
Preferably, the horizontal viewing angle of the 3D image I is the same as that of the 3D image II; the horizontal viewing angle θ 1 of the 3D image I and the 3D image II is calculated by the following formula
（4）
Wherein, P i is the horizontal pitch of the ith row of pinholes in the step-gradient pitch pinhole array, P 1 is the horizontal pitch of the first row of pinholes in the step-gradient pitch pinhole array, w is the aperture width of the pinholes, m is the number of pinholes in the horizontal direction of the step-gradient pitch pinhole array, a is the number of continuous multiple rows of pinholes with the same horizontal pitch at the center of the step-gradient pitch pinhole array, l is the viewing distance, and g is the distance between the display screen and the step-gradient pitch pinhole array.
Preferably, the vertical pitch of the pinholes, picture element I, picture element II, polarizing element I and polarizing element II are all the same.
Preferably, the vertical viewing angle of the 3D image I is the same as that of the 3D image II; the vertical viewing angle θ 2 of the 3D image I and the 3D image II is calculated by the following formula
（5）
Where q is the vertical pitch of the pinholes, w is the aperture width of the pinholes, l is the viewing distance, g is the spacing between the display screen and the stepped taper pitch pinhole array, and n is the number of pinholes in the vertical direction of the stepped taper pitch pinhole array.
The horizontal pitch of the continuous multiple columns of pinholes with the same horizontal pitch at the center of the stepped gradient pitch pinhole array is p=10 mm, the number of pinholes in the horizontal direction of the stepped gradient pitch pinhole array is m=18, the number of pinholes in the vertical direction of the stepped gradient pitch pinhole array is n=10, the number of columns of the continuous multiple columns of pinholes with the same horizontal pitch at the center of the stepped gradient pitch pinhole array is a=6, the viewing distance is l=610 mm, the distance between a display screen and the stepped gradient pitch pinhole array is g=10 mm, the aperture width of the pinholes is w=2 mm, and the vertical pitch of the pinholes is q=10 mm. Obtained according to the formula (1), the horizontal pitches of the 1 st to 18 th row pinhole arrays in the step-by-step gradient pitch pinhole arrays are respectively 12mm, 12mm 12mm, 10mm 12mm, 12mm; the number of the polarization units in the horizontal direction of the stepped gradual change pitch polarization array is 6 according to the formula (2); according to the formula (3), the horizontal pitches of the 1 st to 6 th columns of polarizing units in the step-by-step gradient pitch polarizing array are 36mm, 30mm, 36mm and 36mm respectively; the horizontal viewing angle of the 3D image I and the 3D image II is 48 degrees according to the formula (4); the vertical viewing angle of the 3D image I and the 3D image II is 58 ° according to formula (5).
Claims (4)
1. The device based on the stepped gradient pitch polarization array is characterized by comprising a display screen, a stepped gradient pitch polarization array, a stepped gradient pitch pinhole array, polarized glasses I and polarized glasses II; the display screen is sequentially and parallelly arranged with the step-by-step pitch polarization array and the step-by-step pitch pinhole array, and the display screen and the step-by-step pitch polarization array are correspondingly aligned; the step-by-step gradient pitch polarization array is attached to the display screen; the horizontal widths of the display screen, the step-gradient pitch polarization array and the step-gradient pitch pinhole array are equal, and the vertical widths of the display screen, the step-gradient pitch polarization array and the step-gradient pitch pinhole array are equal; the horizontal pitches of pinholes in the same row of the stepped gradual change pitch pinhole array are the same; the horizontal pitches of the continuous multiple rows of pinholes positioned in the center of the stepped gradual change pitch pinhole array are the same; the horizontal pitch P i of the ith row of pinholes in the stepped gradual change pitch pinhole array is calculated by the following formula
Wherein the floor function is a downward rounding function, p is the horizontal pitch of continuous multiple rows of pinholes with the same horizontal pitch at the center of the stepped gradient pitch pinhole array, m is the number of pinholes in the horizontal direction of the stepped gradient pitch pinhole array, a is the number of columns of continuous multiple rows of pinholes with the same horizontal pitch at the center of the stepped gradient pitch pinhole array, l is the viewing distance, and g is the distance between the display screen and the stepped gradient pitch pinhole array; the step-by-step gradient pitch polarization array is formed by alternately arranging a polarization unit I and a polarization unit II in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, wherein the polarization direction of the polarization unit I is orthogonal to the polarization direction of the polarization unit II; the display screen is used for displaying the step-by-step gradient pitch micro-image array; the step-by-step gradient pitch micro-image array comprises an image element I and an image element II; the horizontal pitch of the image element I is equal to the horizontal pitch of the corresponding pinhole; the horizontal pitch of the image element II is equal to the horizontal pitch of the corresponding pinhole; a plurality of image elements I which are continuously arranged in the horizontal direction and a plurality of pinholes which are continuously arranged in the horizontal direction are correspondingly aligned with the same polarization unit I; a plurality of image elements II which are continuously arranged in the horizontal direction and a plurality of pinholes which are continuously arranged in the horizontal direction are correspondingly aligned with the same polarization unit II; the number of pinholes which are continuously arranged in the horizontal direction and correspond to the same polarization unit I is equal to half of the number of the continuous multiple-row pinholes with the same horizontal pitch at the center of the stepped gradual change pitch pinhole array; the number of pinholes which are continuously arranged in the horizontal direction and correspond to the same polarizing unit II is equal to half of the number of the continuous multiple-row pinholes with the same horizontal pitch at the center of the stepped gradual pitch pinhole array; the number t of the polarization units in the horizontal direction of the stepped gradient pitch polarization array is calculated by the following formula
The horizontal pitch S j of the jth column of polarization units in the stepped gradient pitch polarization array is calculated by the following formula
Reconstructing a 3D image I by the image element I through the corresponding polarization unit I and the pinhole; reconstructing a 3D image II by the image element II through the corresponding polarization unit II and the pinhole; the polarization direction of the polarized glasses I is the same as that of the polarized unit I, and the polarization direction of the polarized glasses II is the same as that of the polarized unit II; only the 3D image I can be seen through the polarization glasses I and only the 3D image II can be seen through the polarization glasses II.
2. The step-graded pitch polarization array based device of claim 1, wherein the horizontal viewing angle of 3D image I and 3D image II is the same; the horizontal viewing angle θ 1 of the 3D image I and the 3D image II is calculated by the following formula
Wherein, P i is the horizontal pitch of the ith row of pinholes in the step-gradient pitch pinhole array, P 1 is the horizontal pitch of the first row of pinholes in the step-gradient pitch pinhole array, w is the aperture width of the pinholes, m is the number of pinholes in the horizontal direction of the step-gradient pitch pinhole array, a is the number of continuous multiple rows of pinholes with the same horizontal pitch at the center of the step-gradient pitch pinhole array, l is the viewing distance, and g is the distance between the display screen and the step-gradient pitch pinhole array.
3. The device of claim 1, wherein the vertical pitches of the pinholes, picture elements I, picture elements II, polarizing elements I and polarizing elements II are all the same.
4. A device based on a stepped graded pitch polarization array according to claim 3, wherein the vertical viewing angle of 3D image I is the same as that of 3D image II; the vertical viewing angle θ 2 of the 3D image I and the 3D image II is calculated by the following formula
Where q is the vertical pitch of the pinholes, w is the aperture width of the pinholes, l is the viewing distance, g is the spacing between the display screen and the stepped taper pitch pinhole array, and n is the number of pinholes in the vertical direction of the stepped taper pitch pinhole array.
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