CN112467391B - Inhale and pass through integrative controllable electromagnetic protection material - Google Patents
Inhale and pass through integrative controllable electromagnetic protection material Download PDFInfo
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- CN112467391B CN112467391B CN202011280682.8A CN202011280682A CN112467391B CN 112467391 B CN112467391 B CN 112467391B CN 202011280682 A CN202011280682 A CN 202011280682A CN 112467391 B CN112467391 B CN 112467391B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
- H01Q15/0013—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices working as frequency-selective reflecting surfaces, e.g. FSS, dichroic plates, surfaces being partly transmissive and reflective
- H01Q15/002—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices working as frequency-selective reflecting surfaces, e.g. FSS, dichroic plates, surfaces being partly transmissive and reflective said selective devices being reconfigurable or tunable, e.g. using switches or diodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
- H01Q15/0053—Selective devices used as spatial filter or angular sidelobe filter
Abstract
The invention provides a suction-penetration integrated controllable electromagnetic protection material, which comprises: the first layer of metal surface, the second layer of metal surface and the third layer of metal surface; the first layer of metal surface comprises a resistive metal ring; the second layer of metal surface is of a periodic grid metal structure; the third layer of metal surface is provided with an annular groove and a PIN diode, and the PIN diode connects the inside and the outside of the third layer of metal surface divided by the annular groove; and introducing a direct current bias point at the edges of the second layer metal surface and the third layer metal surface. The suction-penetration integrated controllable electromagnetic protection material provided by the invention integrates the functions of wave absorption, low wave penetration and high wave penetration in two orthogonal polarization directions, and can switch and control the high wave penetration state and the low wave penetration state by adjusting the bias state of the PIN diode loaded on the lower layer structure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of antennas and electromagnetic waves, in particular to a suction-permeation integrated controllable electromagnetic protection material.
Background
In the field of aircraft electromagnetic protection, the use of electromagnetic protection materials on the outer surface is an important technical approach for realizing aircraft electromagnetic protection; meanwhile, because the airborne antenna is an important scattering source which has obvious influence on a radar scattering cross section (RCS), it is also very critical to design a corresponding electromagnetic protection material as an antenna housing to reduce the RCS of the radar. The frequency selective surface is a two-dimensional periodic array structure, is essentially a spatial filter, and exhibits obvious band-pass or band-stop filtering characteristics according to frequency effects due to different regulation and control capabilities on electromagnetic waves with different frequencies, so that for an aircraft and a wireless radio frequency system, the controllable electromagnetic protection material based on the frequency selective surface is an ideal choice for both intelligent electromagnetic protection and system work, and the above requirements of the controllable electromagnetic protection material are important problems to be solved urgently in the industry at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a suction and penetration integrated controllable electromagnetic protection material, which is designed by utilizing a frequency selective surface correlation technology.
The embodiment of the invention provides a suction-penetration integrated controllable electromagnetic protection material, which comprises: a first layer metal surface 1, a second layer metal surface 2 and a third layer metal surface 3; the first layer of metal surface 1 comprises a resistive metal ring; the second layer metal surface 2 is of a latticed metal structure, the third layer metal surface 3 is provided with an annular groove and a PIN diode, the PIN diode is used for connecting the inside, which is divided by the annular groove, of the third layer metal surface 3 with the outside, and direct current bias points are introduced into the edges of the second layer metal surface 2 and the third layer metal surface 3. The suction-penetration integrated controllable electromagnetic protection material provided by the invention integrates the functions of wave absorption, high wave penetration and low wave penetration in two orthogonal polarization directions, and can switch and control two states of low wave penetration and high wave penetration by adjusting the bias state of the PIN diode loaded on the lower layer structure.
According to the absorption and penetration integrated controllable electromagnetic protection material provided by the embodiment of the invention, the absorption and penetration integrated controllable electromagnetic protection material comprises a first layer of metal surface 1, a first dielectric plate layer 4, a second layer of metal surface 2, a second dielectric plate layer 5 and a third layer of metal surface 3 which are sequentially arranged in parallel.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the suction-penetration integrated controllable electromagnetic protection material further comprises: and an air layer 6 disposed between the first dielectric sheet layer 4 and the second metal layer 2.
According to the suction-penetration integrated controllable electromagnetic protection material provided by the embodiment of the invention, the first layer of metal surface 1 is a periodically arranged square metal ring, and the circumference of the square metal ring is about one working wavelength corresponding to the central frequency.
According to the suction-penetration integrated controllable electromagnetic protection material provided by the embodiment of the invention, lumped resistors are loaded on four sides of the square metal ring.
According to the suction-permeation integrated controllable electromagnetic protection material provided by the embodiment of the invention, the second layer of metal surface 2 is a periodic latticed metal structure, and the center of the latticed metal structure is in metal communication with the third layer of metal surface 3 through a metal through hole in each period; the third layer of metal surface 3 is a metal structure unit embedded with PIN diodes and arranged periodically.
According to the suction-penetration integrated controllable electromagnetic protection material provided by the embodiment of the invention, the middle of the metal structure unit in the third layer of metal surface 3 is provided with a square annular groove, and the circumference of the annular groove is one wavelength corresponding to the central frequency.
According to the suction-penetration integrated controllable electromagnetic protection material provided by the embodiment of the invention, the first dielectric plate layer 4 and the second dielectric plate layer 5 are made of ceramic materials, and the second dielectric plate layer 5 and the first dielectric plate layer 4 are made of ceramic materials with the same material.
According to the suction-penetration integrated controllable electromagnetic protection material provided by the embodiment of the invention, the dielectric constant of the ceramic material is 3, and the dielectric loss is 0.008.
According to the suction-penetration integrated controllable electromagnetic protection material provided by the embodiment of the invention, the thickness of the air layer 6 is a quarter wavelength corresponding to the central working frequency.
According to the suction-permeation integrated controllable electromagnetic protection material provided by the embodiment of the invention, the low permeation state and the high permeation state can be switched with each other within the range of 2.43-2.65 GHz; and the wave-absorbing state is kept in the range of 3.16-4.16 GHz.
The suction-penetration integrated controllable electromagnetic protection material provided by the invention integrates the functions of wave absorption, high wave penetration and low wave penetration in two orthogonal polarization directions, and can switch and control the high-penetration state and the low-penetration state by adjusting the bias state of the PIN diode loaded on the lower layer structure. The suction-permeation integrated controllable electromagnetic protection material adopts a double-layer structure, a PIN diode is introduced into a lower layer structure to control a corresponding bias circuit, and the electromagnetic waves in two orthogonal polarization directions are kept with the same regulation effect, so that the structure respectively presents two states of high permeation and low permeation, the high permeation and low permeation working states in a low frequency range can be switched in the whole working frequency band, and the high frequency keeps the wave-absorbing working state.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings needed for the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first metal layer of a transparent integrated controllable electromagnetic shielding material according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a detailed structure diagram of a first metal layer of the integrated penetration controllable electromagnetic shielding material according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a second metal layer of the integrated transparent and controllable electromagnetic shielding material according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a detailed structure diagram of a second metal layer of the integrated transparent controllable electromagnetic shielding material according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a third metal surface of the integrated transparent and controllable electromagnetic shielding material according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a detailed structure diagram of a third metal surface of the integrated penetration controllable electromagnetic shielding material according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a transparent integrated controllable electromagnetic shielding material provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a simulation result graph of the reflection coefficient and the transmission coefficient of the penetration and absorption integrated controllable electromagnetic shielding material provided by the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a graph of a simulation result of an absorption rate curve in the orthogonal polarization direction of the penetration integrated controllable electromagnetic shielding material provided in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a diagram of a simulation result of a two-station RCS of the penetration-absorption integrated controllable electromagnetic shielding material provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1: a first metal face; 2: a second metal layer; 3: a third metal surface;
4: a first dielectric slab layer; 5: a second dielectric slab layer; 6: an air layer.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The following embodiments of the present invention of the penetration integrated controllable electromagnetic shielding material are described with reference to fig. 1-7. The suction-penetration integrated controllable electromagnetic protection material can comprise: a first layer metal surface 1, a second layer metal surface 2 and a third layer metal surface 3; the first layer of metal surface 1 comprises a resistive metal ring; the second layer metal surface 2 is of a latticed metal structure; the third metal surface 3 is provided with an annular groove and a PIN diode, the PIN diode connects the inside and the outside of the third metal surface 3 divided by the annular groove, a direct current bias point #2 is introduced at the edge of the second metal surface 2, and a direct current bias point #1 is introduced at the edge of the third metal surface 3.
Fig. 7 is a schematic solid structural diagram illustrating a cross-sectional view of a penetration-integrated controllable electromagnetic shielding material provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 5, the penetration-integrated controllable electromagnetic shielding material includes: the first layer of metal surface 1, the first dielectric slab layer 4, the second layer of metal surface 2, the second dielectric slab layer 5 and the third layer of metal surface 3 are arranged in parallel in sequence. The embodiment further comprises the following steps: and an air layer 6 disposed between the first dielectric sheet layer 4 and the second metal layer 2. In the embodiment, the first layer metal surface 1 adopts a resistive metal square ring structure, especially lumped resistors are loaded on four sides of the metal square ring, and the metal square ring structure and the first medium plate layer 4 jointly realize the wave absorption of electromagnetic waves in a specified frequency band. In the embodiment, the annular groove is formed in the third metal surface 3, and the PIN tube is used for connecting the inner part divided by the annular groove and the outer metal, so that two working states of low transmittance and high transmittance are switched. In this embodiment, a dc bias point is introduced to the edges of the second metal layer 2 and the third metal layer 3, and the on and off of the PIN diode is controlled by changing the dc bias voltage, so that the on and off states of the inner and outer portions of the lower layer divided by the annular groove are changed by the on and off states of the PIN diode, and the switching function is finally completed. In this embodiment, the second metal surface layer 2 uses a periodic mesh structure, and particularly, the mesh structure is communicated with the inside of each periodic unit of the third metal surface layer 3 through metal via holes, so that a direct current bias is better provided for the PIN diode, and switching between low-transmittance and high-transmittance states is realized. In the embodiment, the air layer 6 utilizes the destructive interference characteristic of the electromagnetic waves in the medium with the thickness of one quarter of the wavelength, so that the wave path difference of the emergent electromagnetic waves is lambda/2, and coherent cancellation is realized, thereby better realizing wave absorption in the specified frequency band.
FIGS. 1 and 2 illustrate a first metal plane 1 structure of a transparent integral controlled electromagnetic shielding material according to some embodiments of the present invention; the first layer of metal surface 1 is a periodically arranged square metal ring, and the circumference of the square metal ring is a working wavelength corresponding to the central frequency. In the embodiment, lumped resistors are loaded on four sides of the square metal ring, so that loss occurs when electromagnetic waves irradiate on the interface, and half-wave loss occurs when reflected waves simultaneously, thereby realizing a better wave absorbing function.
FIGS. 3 and 4 are diagrams illustrating the structure of a second metal layer 2 of the transparent integrated controllable electromagnetic shielding material according to the embodiment of the present invention; the second layer metal surface 2 is a grid-shaped metal structure which is periodically arranged, and a direct current bias point #2 is introduced at the edge of the second layer metal surface 2. The latticed metal structure is in metal communication with the interior of the periodic unit of the third layer metal surface 3 through the metal via holes, so that direct current bias is applied to the PIN diode better.
FIGS. 5 and 6 illustrate a third metal plane 3 structure of a transparent integral controlled electromagnetic shielding material according to some embodiments of the present invention; the third layer of metal surface 3 is a metal structure unit embedded with PIN diodes and arranged periodically. In an embodiment, a square annular groove is formed in the middle of the metal structural unit in the third metal surface layer 3, and the circumference of the annular groove is a wavelength corresponding to the center frequency. In the embodiment, the annular groove is formed in the third metal surface 3, and the PIN tube is used for connecting the inner part divided by the annular groove and the outer metal, so that two working states of low transmittance and high transmittance are switched. In this embodiment, a dc bias point #1 is introduced to the edge of the third metal surface 3, and the on and off of the PIN diode is controlled by changing the dc bias voltage, so that the on and off states of the inner and outer portions divided by the annular groove are changed by the on and off states of the PIN diode, and the switching function is finally completed.
Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of an integral absorption-penetration controllable electromagnetic shielding material provided in an embodiment of the present invention, which includes the first metal plane layer 1, the first dielectric plate layer 4, the air layer 6, the second metal plane layer 2, the second dielectric plate layer 5, and the second metal plane layer 3, which are sequentially arranged in parallel.
The embodiment of the invention provides a suction-penetration integrated controllable electromagnetic protection material, wherein a first dielectric plate layer 4 and a second dielectric plate layer 5 are made of ceramic materials, and the second dielectric plate layer 5 and the first dielectric plate layer 4 are made of the same ceramic materials. In an embodiment, the ceramic material has a dielectric constant of 3 and a dielectric loss of 0.008.
The embodiment of the invention provides a suction-penetration integrated controllable electromagnetic protection material, and the thickness of an air layer 6 is one-quarter of the central frequency wavelength. In the embodiment, the wave absorbing function is better realized in a specified frequency band by adopting the air layer with the thickness of one quarter of the wavelength corresponding to the central working frequency and utilizing the principle of electromagnetic wave interference cancellation.
FIG. 8 is a simulation result diagram of the reflection coefficient and the transmission coefficient of the absorption-transmission integrated controllable electromagnetic shielding material provided by the embodiment of the invention; fig. 9 is a graph of a simulation result of an absorption rate curve in the cross polarization direction of the penetration and absorption integrated controllable electromagnetic shielding material provided in the embodiment of the present invention; fig. 10 is a diagram of the RCS simulation results of the two stations for absorbing and transmitting the integral controllable electromagnetic material according to the embodiment of the present invention, where the RCS simulation results are received when the transmitting antenna is at normal incidence and the receiving antenna is rotated 360 degrees around the theta direction, the curve marked by the square indicates the RCS reduction of the ideal conductor in the range of 3.16-4.16GHz, and the other two curves indicate the RCS reduction of the two operating states in the embodiment. Through simulation verification, the suction-penetration integrated controllable electromagnetic protection material provided by the embodiment of the invention works in a high-penetration state within a range of 2.43-2.65GHz, and the wave transmission rate is not lower than 80%; the low-transmittance optical fiber works at 2.43-2.65GHz, and the wave-transmitting rate is not higher than 10%; the wave-absorbing material works in a wave-absorbing state of 3.16-4.16GHz, the peak absorption rate reaches 95%, and RCS in a frequency band is reduced to 15 dBms.
The embodiment of the invention provides a suction-penetration integrated controllable electromagnetic protection material which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1) the same structure realizes three functions of wave absorption, low wave transmission and high wave transmission. 2) When the suction-penetration integrated controllable electromagnetic protection material works in a high-penetration state within the range of 2.43-2.65GHz, the wave-transmission rate is not lower than 80%. 3) When the suction and penetration integrated controllable electromagnetic protection material works in the range of 2.43-2.65GHz and is in a low-penetration state, the wave transmission rate is lower than 10%. 4) The absorption and permeation integrated controllable electromagnetic protection material works in a wave absorption state within the range of 3.16-4.16GHz, and the peak absorption rate reaches 95%. 5) By controlling the bias state of the PIN diode, the low-transmittance and high-transmittance working states of the controllable electromagnetic protection material in the frequency band range of 2.43-2.65GHz are changed. 6) Meanwhile, the same regulation and control effect is kept on the electromagnetic waves in two orthogonal polarization directions. 7) The reduction of the two-station RCS in the frequency band range of 3.16-4.16GHz is up to 15 dBms.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a specific suction-penetration integrated controllable electromagnetic protection material: the metal surface structure comprises a first metal surface 1, a second metal surface 2, a third metal surface 3, a first dielectric slab layer 4, a second dielectric slab layer 5 and an air layer 6. According to simulation verification, the performance of the suction-permeation integrated controllable electromagnetic protection material provided by the embodiment is as follows: 1) the direct current bias point #1 is high in potential, the direct current bias point #2 is low in potential, the PIN tube is in a cut-off state, and the simulation result is as follows:
the wave-transmitting rate in the range of A.2.43-2.65GHz is higher than 80%.
The peak absorption rate in the range of B.3.16-4.16GHz reaches 95%, the reflection coefficient is lower than-10 dB, and the maximum reduction of the in-band double-station RCS reaches 18 dBms.
2) The direct current bias point #1 is low in potential, the direct current bias point #2 is high in potential, the PIN tube is in a conducting state, and the simulation result is as follows:
the wave-transmitting rate in the range of A.2.43-2.65GHz is lower than 10%.
The peak absorption rate in the range of B.3.16-4.16GHz reaches 95%, the reflection coefficient is lower than-10 dB, and the maximum reduction of the in-band double-station RCS reaches 18 dBms.
The above-described structural embodiments are merely illustrative, wherein the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and the parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and certainly can also be implemented by hardware. With this understanding in mind, the above-described technical solutions may be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a inhale integrative controllable electromagnetic protection material that passes through which characterized in that includes: the first layer of metal surface (1), the first dielectric plate layer (4), the second layer of metal surface (2), the second dielectric plate layer (5) and the third layer of metal surface (3) are arranged in parallel in sequence; the second metal layer is arranged on the second dielectric slab layer (4) and comprises an air layer (6) arranged between the first dielectric slab layer (4) and the second metal layer (2); the first layer of metal surface (1) comprises a resistive metal ring; the second layer of metal surface (2) is a periodic latticed metal structure; the third-layer metal surface (3) is provided with an annular groove and a PIN diode, the PIN diode connects the inside and the outside of the third-layer metal surface (3) divided by the annular groove, and direct-current bias points are introduced at the edges of the second-layer metal surface (2) and the third-layer metal surface (3); the second layer of metal surface (2) is periodic latticed metal, and the center of each latticed metal structure is in metal communication with the third layer of metal surface (3) through a metal through hole; the third layer of metal surface (3) is a metal structure unit embedded with PIN diodes and arranged periodically; a square annular groove is formed in the middle of the metal structure unit in the third layer of metal surface (3), and the circumference of the annular groove is one wavelength corresponding to the central frequency; the suction-permeation integrated controllable electromagnetic protection material can realize mutual switching between a low permeation state and a high permeation state within the range of 2.43-2.65 GHz; and the wave-absorbing state is kept in the range of 3.16-4.16 GHz.
2. The suction-through integrated controllable electromagnetic shielding material according to claim 1, wherein said first metal layer (1) is a periodically arranged square metal ring having a perimeter of one operating wavelength corresponding to a center frequency.
3. The integrated, suction-through, controllable electromagnetic shielding material according to claim 2, wherein said square metal ring is loaded with lumped resistors on four sides.
4. The suction-penetration integrated controllable electromagnetic protection material according to claim 1, wherein the first dielectric plate layer (4) and the second dielectric plate layer (5) are made of ceramic materials, the second dielectric plate layer (5) and the first dielectric plate layer (4) are made of ceramic materials made of the same material, the dielectric constant of the ceramic materials is 3, and the dielectric loss is 0.008.
5. The integrated, suction-through, controllable electromagnetic shielding material according to claim 1, characterized in that said air layer (6) has a thickness of a quarter wavelength corresponding to the central operating frequency.
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| CN113381201B (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2022-07-15 | 宁波大学 | Broadband wave-absorbing structure with frequency selectivity transmission function |
| CN114498047B (en) * | 2022-01-10 | 2023-03-28 | 西安电子科技大学 | Broadband low-RCS (radar cross section) super-surface structure based on scattering and absorption synergistic effect |
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