CN112461725B - Seepage characteristic testing system and method for mining fractured rock - Google Patents
Seepage characteristic testing system and method for mining fractured rock Download PDFInfo
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 131
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
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- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
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- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
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Abstract
The invention discloses a seepage characteristic testing system and a seepage characteristic testing method for mining fractured rocks, which relate to the fields of mechanics, experiments and mining and comprise a loading device, a control device, a clamping device and a monitoring device. In order to realize the reloading and seepage characteristic test of the mining fractured rock, the clamping groove of the clamping device adopts an arch structure, inner clamping teeth are uniformly distributed in an opening at the end part of the clamping groove, the clamping ring of the clamping device is of the arch structure, outer clamping teeth are uniformly distributed at the end part of the clamping ring, and the outer clamping teeth of the clamping ring are meshed with the inner clamping teeth of the clamping groove to prevent the annular bulging and crushing in the reloading process and ensure the accurate integral seepage test of the fractured rock test piece. The loading device, the control device, the clamping device and the monitoring device are connected and communicated with each other through pipelines, and test piece information and receiving instructions are fed back in an electric signal mode. Compared with other experimental systems, the test system is economical, practical and simple and convenient to operate, and can better realize reloading of the mining fractured rocks and obtain accurate seepage characteristics of the mining fractured rocks.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a seepage characteristic test system and a test method for mining fractured rocks, in particular to a test system and a test method for deformation-stress-seepage of the mining fractured rocks under different stress paths caused by coal mining, belonging to the fields of mechanics, experiments and mining.
Background
In large mine deep engineering, the physical properties of mining fractured rocks are important factors influencing engineering safety construction and long-term stability. For example, in coal mining, due to the mining action, the rocks on the working face are all broken, and the broken surrounding rocks are further broken under the action of stress in the process of continuing tunneling, so that the normal operation of coal mining is influenced.
The mining fractured rock undergoes further crushing after stress evolution, and due to the crushing and expansion characteristics of the rock, the rock bulges. In the rock where bulging occurs, the mining rupture rock is subjected to a locally greater confining pressure in the compressed state of the surrounding rock.
In the existing mining fracture rock physical testing system, the mining fracture rock physical testing machine mostly adopts an integral frame to carry out hydrostatic loading on a rock test piece, a three-way compression state cannot be realized, a stress state is replaced by only single-direction compression and lateral reverse compression of the rock test piece, and a certain deviation can exist in research due to an excessively local stress state, which is not consistent with rock stress path evolution presented on an actual engineering site. In a seepage-stress experiment of rock, because a common mining fracture rock physical testing machine cannot apply annular constraint on a test piece, axial stress cannot be continuously applied to the rock test piece with obvious fracture characteristics, and the mining fracture rock test piece can further generate annular bulging and crushing.
In order to realize the reloading of the mining fractured rock and obtain the accurate physical characteristics of the mining fractured rock, external circumferential limitation must be applied to a rock test piece, and the system and the method for testing the seepage characteristics of the mining fractured rock are produced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects that the existing mining fractured rock physical testing machine cannot carry out variable path loading on mining fractured rocks, cannot realize a three-way compression state of the mining fractured rocks and cannot apply axial stress on a mining fractured rock test piece, so as to carry out a deformation-stress-seepage experiment on the mining fractured rocks under different confining pressures and improve the safety, the economy and the scientificity of mining.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a seepage flow characteristic test system for mining fractured rocks is characterized in that: the device comprises a loading device, a control device, a clamping device and a monitoring device.
The loading device comprises a pore pressure control device, a confining pressure control device, a rapid attenuation and permeation control device and a triaxial loading device. The triaxial loading device comprises a press, a pressure head, a loading base and a sealing bin. The pressure head includes two upper and lower pressure heads, and the centre gripping adopts and adopts the rock test piece that breaks, and all with loading base is linked together. And a plurality of groups of electric signal transmission channels are arranged on the loading base, are respectively connected with the pore pressure control device, the confining pressure control device and the rapid attenuation and permeation control device, and feed back test piece information and receive instructions in the form of electric signals. The triaxial loading device fixes the mining fractured rock test piece through the pressure head, applies vertical force to the pressure head at the upper part through the press machine, applies axial stress to the mining fractured rock test piece, and applies confining pressure through the closed oil injection of the seal bin and the regulation of the confining pressure management and control device.
The control device comprises a main control console and a display, and is connected with the pore pressure control device, the confining pressure control device, the rapid attenuation and permeation control device and the press, the loading base and the sealed cabin in the triaxial loading device through pipelines.
The clamping device comprises a clamping groove and a clamping ring, and the clamping groove and the clamping ring are internally wrapped with a mining fracture rock test piece. The clamping groove is of an arch structure with an opening at the end and is made of steel materials. One side in the opening of the end part of the clamping groove is a smooth curved surface, and the other side is provided with inner clamping teeth which are uniformly distributed. The height of the inner clamping tooth is equal to that of the clamping groove, and the tooth top end of the inner clamping tooth is punched towards one side of the smooth curved surface. The clamping ring is of an arch structure and is made of steel materials. The height of the clamping ring is equal to that of the clamping groove. The snap ring tip has the outer latch of evenly arranging, this outer latch specification with interior latch is the same, and the top is protruding to far away heart side. The horizontal distance between the connecting line of the smooth curved surface at one side in the opening at the end part of the clamping groove and the tip of the inner clamping tooth at the other side along the radial direction is equal to the horizontal distance between the connecting line of the inner wall surface of the clamping ring and the tooth top end of the outer clamping tooth along the radial direction.
The monitoring device comprises a circumferential monitoring device and an axial monitoring device. The annular monitoring device has certain elasticity, and is annularly surrounded outside the clamping device after being installed so as to monitor annular data. The axial monitoring device comprises a measurer and axial positioning rings, wherein the axial positioning rings are horizontally clamped on the pressure head, and the axial positioning rings are changed through the relative displacement of the extensometer to carry out axial data monitoring.
Further, in the technical scheme of the test system, the loading device adopts a high-rigidity loading device and adopts a mode of loading at one end and fixing at the other end;
furthermore, in the technical scheme of the test system, the inner latch and the outer latch of the clamping device are triangular prism structures, the top angles of the inner latch and the outer latch of the triangular prism structures are between 45 degrees and 90 degrees, and the side, close to the opening, of the tooth top end of the inner latch is a long edge.
Furthermore, in the technical scheme of the test system, the height of the clamping groove and the clamping ring of the clamping device is lower than that of a mining fractured rock test piece, and the thickness of the clamping groove is one tenth of the diameter of the rock test piece.
Furthermore, in the technical scheme of the test system, a clamping ring of the clamping device is inserted into the clamping groove in advance.
The experimental system can carry out seepage flow experiment to the rock that breaks under different confining pressure different axle pressures, consequently also can carry out triaxial rock mechanics experiment to the rock that breaks.
The invention discloses a test method for a seepage characteristic test system for mining fractured rocks, which comprises the following two experiments and steps:
1. triaxial rock mechanical test:
s1: wrapping the mining fractured rock test piece, and placing the wrapped mining fractured rock test piece between pressure heads on the loading base;
s2: installing a clamping device, and tightly fastening the clamping ring to enable the clamping device to be tightly attached to the wrapped mining fractured rock test piece;
s3: wrapping the clamping device and installing a monitoring device;
s4: lowering the press by the control device to press the press head to make the press head tightly attached to the mining fractured rock test piece processed by the steps S1-S3;
s5: the sealing cabin is lowered to be sealed through the control device, and after sealing, the confining pressure management and control device is operated to inject oil and apply confining pressure to an experimental value;
s6: applying axial force to the pressure head by a pressure raising and reducing machine through a control device until the stress reaches a peak value stress;
s7: connecting a control device and a loading device by using a pipeline, recording the stress path evolution of the whole test piece loading process through the control device, and recording the loading time, the loading differential stress, the confining pressure and pore pressure change, the axial displacement and the pressure change of the test piece;
s8: recording the circumferential and axial change processes of the test piece by using a monitoring device, and recording the axial and circumferential strain of the test piece;
s9: and screening data and drawing a full stress-strain curve by adopting a data statistics and graphic image analysis software, and calculating to obtain the cohesion, the internal friction angle, the volume strain and the triaxial compression strength of the mining fractured rock test piece under different confining pressure conditions.
2. Rock seepage test:
s1: soaking the mining fractured rock test piece until the test piece is saturated; s2: wrapping the saturated mining fractured rock test piece, and placing the wrapped mining fractured rock test piece between pressure heads on the loading base;
s3: installing a clamping device, and tightly fastening the clamping ring to enable the clamping device to be tightly attached to the wrapped mining fractured rock test piece;
s4: wrapping the clamping device and installing a monitoring device;
s5: lowering the press by the control device to press the press head to make the press head tightly attached to the mining fractured rock test piece processed by the steps S1-S3;
s6: the sealing cabin is lowered to be sealed through the control device, and after sealing, the confining pressure management and control device is operated to inject oil and apply confining pressure to an experimental value;
s7: the pressure raising and reducing machine applies force to the pressure head through the control device until the stress reaches an experimental value;
s8: injecting liquid with a certain pressure value through a pressure head on the upper part of the test piece, and carrying out a seepage test by a steady state method;
s9: stopping seepage, changing the experimental pressure value to the next stress gradient, and repeating the steps S7-S8;
s10: connecting a control device and a loading device by using a pipeline, recording the whole process of a seepage test of a test piece by using a steady state method through the control device, and recording the flow change and the loading time of the test piece;
s11: recording the circumferential and axial change processes of the test piece by using a monitoring device, and recording the axial and circumferential strain of the test piece;
s12: and screening data and drawing a seepage-time change curve and a seepage-confining pressure change curve under different stress gradients by adopting a data statistics and graphic image analysis software.
Further, in step S4, wrapping the holding device with a thermoplastic tube having a flat end and heat-sealing the thermoplastic tube, and adjusting the thermoplastic tube to zero by the control device after installing the monitoring device;
further, in step S5, the contact force when the press is in stable contact with the indenter is close to 0.1KN, and the bias stress when the press presses the indenter is 0.2 MPa.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. this adopt among the seepage flow characteristic test system of rock that breaks loading attachment adopts axial loading mode, makes things convenient for clamping device's installation and exhibition of executing for clamping device can not receive pressure head axial force and receive the test piece effort even, and the pressure head of the many laboratory test piece sizes of multiunit is favorable to the pluralism of experiment and the unexpected damage of pressure head.
2. The control device in the seepage characteristic test system for the mining fractured rock can change control parameters at any time by adopting a servo control system and monitor the change condition of a mining fractured rock test piece.
3. This adopt among the seepage flow characteristic test system of cracked rock clamping device adopts steel draw-in groove and snap ring, is favorable to reducing the deformation of part itself, and the snap ring is favorable to preventing the snap ring dislocation in inserting the draw-in groove in advance.
4. The occlusion-forced movement-occlusion mode, the top end orientations of the inner latch and the outer latch and the specifications of the inner latch and the outer latch of the clamping device in the seepage characteristic testing system for the mining fractured rock are favorable for realizing the variable path reloading of the mining fractured rock test piece under different limiting conditions.
5. The monitoring device in the seepage characteristic testing system for the mining fractured rock is easy to modify, is favorable for monitoring the mining fractured rock test pieces with different sizes, is combined with the control device, and accurately feeds back the dynamic change of the mining fractured rock test pieces.
6. The seepage characteristic test method of the mining fractured rock fully considers the function of the seepage characteristic test system of the mining fractured rock, the test method can be used for carrying out single-triaxial loading on the complete rock through the test system, the mining fractured rock test can be continuously carried out by applying the clamping device, and test errors caused by different rigidity of a rock testing machine are avoided.
In a word, the seepage characteristic test system and the test method for the mining fractured rock are safe, convenient, economic, easy to operate and high in applicability, and are beneficial to the implementation of deformation-stress-seepage experiments of the mining fractured rock under different confining pressures and the acquisition of rock physical characteristics. The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a seepage behavior testing system for mining fractured rocks according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic workflow diagram of a seepage behavior testing method for mining a fractured rock according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic three-dimensional configuration of a mining rupture rock test piece and clamping device of the present invention.
In the figure, 1-loading device; 2-a pore pressure control device; 3-confining pressure control device; 4-a rapid decay permeation control device; 5-a three-axis loading device; 6-pressing machine; 7-pressure head; 8-loading the base; 9-sealing the bin; 10-a control device; 11-a master console; 12-a display; 13-a clamping device; 14-a card slot; 15-a snap ring; 16-the end of the clamping groove is open; 17-smooth curved surface; 18-inner latch; 19-external latch; 20-inner wall of snap ring; 21-mining a fractured rock specimen; 22-a monitoring device; 23-a circumferential monitoring device; 24-axial monitoring means; 25-a measurer; 26-axial positioning ring.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3: a test system for seepage property testing of mining fractured rocks, characterized in that: comprises a loading device, a control device and a clamping device.
As shown in fig. 1, the loading device 1 includes a pore pressure regulating device 2, a confining pressure regulating device 3, a rapid attenuation and permeation control device 4, and a triaxial loading device 5. The triaxial loading device 5 comprises a press 6, a pressure head 7, a loading base 8 and a sealing bin 9. The pressure head 7 comprises an upper pressure head and a lower pressure head, a fractured rock test piece 21 is clamped in the middle of the upper pressure head and the lower pressure head, and the upper pressure head and the lower pressure head are connected and communicated with the loading base 8. And a plurality of groups of electric signal transmission channels are arranged on the loading base 8 and are respectively connected with the pore pressure control device 2, the confining pressure control device 3 and the rapid attenuation and permeation control device 4, so that test piece information is fed back and instructions are received in the form of electric signals. The triaxial loading device 5 fixes the mining fractured rock test piece 21 through the pressure head 7, applies vertical force to the pressure head at the upper part through the press 6, so that axial stress is applied to the mining fractured rock test piece 21, oil is injected hermetically through the sealed cabin 9, and confining pressure is applied through adjusting the confining pressure management and control device 9.
As shown in fig. 1, the control device 10 includes a main console 11 and a display 12, and the control device 10 is connected to the pore pressure regulating device 2, the confining pressure regulating device 3, the rapid attenuation and permeation control device 4, the press 6 in the triaxial loading device 5, the loading base 8 and the seal bin 9 through pipelines.
As shown in fig. 3, the clamping device 13 includes a clamping groove 14 and a clamping ring 15, and the clamping groove 14 and the clamping ring 15 are internally wrapped with a mining fracture rock test piece 21. The clamping groove 14 is of an arch structure with an opening at the end and is made of steel materials. One side in the opening 16 at the end part of the clamping groove is a smooth curved surface 17, and the other side is inner clamping teeth 18 which are uniformly distributed. The height of the inner latch 18 is equal to that of the clamping groove 14, and the top end of the inner latch 18 is punched towards one side of the smooth curved surface 17. The clamping ring 15 is of an arch structure and is made of steel materials. The height of the clamping ring 15 is equal to that of the clamping groove 14. The end part of the snap ring 15 is provided with outer snap teeth 19 which are evenly distributed, the specification of the outer snap teeth 19 is the same as that of the inner snap teeth 18, and the top end of the outer snap teeth is convex towards the far center side. The horizontal distance between the connecting line of the smooth curved surface 17 at one side in the opening 16 at the end part of the clamping groove and the connecting line of the tip end of the inner clamping tooth 18 at the other side along the radial direction is equal to the horizontal distance between the connecting line of the surface of the inner clamping ring wall 20 and the top end of the outer clamping tooth 19 along the radial direction.
As shown in fig. 1, the monitoring device 22 includes a circumferential monitoring device 23 and an axial monitoring device 24. The annular monitoring device 23 has certain elasticity and is annularly surrounded on the outer side of the clamping device 13 after being installed so as to monitor annular data. The axial monitoring device 24 comprises a measurer 25 and an axial positioning ring 26, wherein the axial positioning ring 26 is horizontally clamped on the pressure head, and the axial positioning ring 26 is linked through the measurer 25 to perform axial data monitoring.
As shown in fig. 2, the method for testing the mechanical and seepage characteristics of the mining fractured rock specifically comprises the following steps: 1. triaxial rock mechanical test:
s1: wrapping the mining fractured rock test piece 21 by using a thermoplastic pipe with a flat end part and thermally sealing the thermoplastic pipe, placing the wrapped mining fractured rock test piece 21 between the pressing heads 7 on the loading base 8, and selecting the pressing head 7 with the same size as the end part of the mining fractured rock test piece 21 to ensure that the edge of the lower surface of the mining fractured rock test piece 21 is tightly attached to the edge of the pressing head 7;
s2: installing a clamping device 13, and fastening the clamping ring 15 tightly to enable the clamping device 13 to be tightly attached to the wrapped mining fractured rock test piece 21;
s3: wrapping the clamping device 13 with a thermoplastic tube with a flat end, heat-sealing the thermoplastic tube, installing the monitoring device 22, and adjusting the reading of the monitoring device to zero through the control device 10;
s4: lowering the press 6 through the control device 10 to press the press head 7 tightly, so that the press head 7 is tightly attached to the mining fractured rock test piece 21 processed in the steps S1-S3, the contact force of the press and the press head is close to 0.1KN when the press and the press head are in stable contact, and the bias stress of the press when the press presses the press head is 0.5 MPa;
s5: the sealing bin 9 is lowered to be sealed through the control device 10, the confining pressure control device 2 is operated after sealing to inject the grease silicone oil to apply confining pressure to an experimental value, and the confining pressure application rate is controlled according to the principle of low front, high middle and low rear during oil injection and pressurization;
s6: the pressure reducer 6 is increased through the control device 10 to uniformly apply force with gradient to the pressure head 7 until the stress reaches the peak value strain;
s7: connecting a control device 10 and a loading device 1 by using a pipeline, recording the stress path evolution of the whole loading process of a test piece 21 through the control device 10, and recording the loading time, the loading differential stress, the confining pressure and pore pressure change, the axial displacement and the pressure change of the test piece;
s8: recording the circumferential and axial change processes of the test piece by using a monitoring device 22, and recording the axial and circumferential strain of the test piece;
2. rock seepage test:
s1: soaking the mining fractured rock test piece 21 in a solution in a cylinder until the test piece is saturated by adopting an air suction type pressurizing cylinder;
s2: wrapping the mining fractured rock test piece 21 by using a thermoplastic pipe with a flat end part and thermally sealing the thermoplastic pipe, placing the wrapped mining fractured rock test piece 21 between the pressing heads 7 on the loading base 8, and selecting the pressing head 7 with the same size as the end part of the mining fractured rock test piece 21 so that the edge of the lower surface of the mining fractured rock test piece 21 is tightly attached to the edge of the pressing head 7;
s3: installing a clamping device 13, and fastening the clamping ring 15 tightly to enable the clamping device 13 to be tightly attached to the wrapped mining fractured rock test piece 21;
s4: wrapping the clamping device 13 with a thermoplastic tube with a flat end, heat-sealing the thermoplastic tube, installing the monitoring device 22, and adjusting the reading of the monitoring device to zero through the control device 10;
s5: lowering the press 6 through the control device 10 to press the press head 7 tightly, so that the press head 7 is tightly attached to the mining fractured rock test piece 21 processed in the steps S1-S3, the contact force of the press and the press head is close to 0.1KN when the press and the press head are in stable contact, and the bias stress of the press when the press presses the press head is 0.5 MPa;
s6: the sealing bin 9 is lowered to be sealed through the control device 10, the confining pressure control device 2 is operated after sealing to inject the grease silicone oil to apply confining pressure to an experimental value, and the confining pressure application rate is controlled according to the principle of low front, high middle and low rear during oil injection and pressurization;
s7: the pressure reducer 6 is increased and reduced by the control device 10, and the pressure head 7 is uniformly applied with force in a gradient manner until the stress reaches an experimental value;
s8: injecting liquid with a certain pressure value through a pressure head 7 on the upper part of the test piece, and carrying out a seepage test by a steady state method;
s9: stopping seepage, changing the experimental pressure value to the next stress gradient, and repeating the steps S7-S8;
s10: connecting a control device 10 and a loading device 1 by using a pipeline, recording the whole process of a seepage test of a test piece by using a steady state method through the control device 10, and recording the flow change and the loading time of the test piece;
s11: recording the circumferential and axial change processes of the test piece by using a monitoring device 22, and recording the axial and circumferential strain of the test piece;
in a word, the seepage characteristic test system and the test method for mining fractured rocks are safe, convenient, economic, easy to operate and high in applicability, and are beneficial to the implementation of deformation-stress-seepage experiments of the fractured rocks under different confining pressures. In addition, on the basis, a water purifying device and an experimental device with different particle ratios under different pressure environments can be further modified and researched.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (6)
1. A seepage characteristic test system for mining fractured rocks is characterized by comprising a loading device, a control device, a clamping device and a monitoring device;
the loading device comprises a pore pressure control device, a confining pressure control device, a rapid attenuation and permeation control device and a triaxial loading device; the triaxial loading device comprises a press, a pressure head, a loading base and a sealing bin; the pressing head comprises an upper pressing head and a lower pressing head, the middle of the pressing head clamps a mining fractured rock test piece, and the middle of the pressing head is communicated with the loading base; the loading base is provided with a plurality of groups of electric signal transmission channels which are respectively connected with the pore pressure control device, the confining pressure control device and the rapid attenuation and permeation control device, and the loading base feeds back test piece information and receives instructions in the form of electric signals; the triaxial loading device fixes the mining fractured rock test piece through the pressure head, applies vertical force to the pressure head at the upper part through the press machine so as to apply axial stress to the mining fractured rock test piece, performs closed oil injection through the sealed cabin, and applies confining pressure through adjusting a confining pressure management and control device;
the control device comprises a main control console and a display, and is connected with the pore pressure control device, the confining pressure control device, the rapid attenuation and permeation control device and the press, the loading base and the sealed cabin in the triaxial loading device through pipelines;
the clamping device comprises a clamping groove and a clamping ring, and the inside of the clamping groove and the clamping ring is wrapped with a mining fractured rock test piece; the clamping groove is of an arch structure with an opening at the end and is made of steel materials; one side in the opening at the end part of the clamping groove is a smooth curved surface, and the other side is provided with inner clamping teeth which are uniformly distributed; the height of the inner clamping tooth is equal to that of the clamping groove, and the top end of the inner clamping tooth is punched to one side of the smooth curved surface; the clamping ring is of an arch structure and is made of steel materials; the height of the clamping ring is equal to that of the clamping groove; the end part of the snap ring is provided with outer snap teeth which are uniformly distributed, the specification of the outer snap teeth is the same as that of the inner snap teeth, and the top end of the outer snap teeth protrudes towards the telecentric side; the horizontal distance between the connecting line of the smooth curved surface at one side in the opening at the end part of the clamping groove and the tip of the inner clamping tooth at the other side along the radial direction is equal to the horizontal distance between the connecting line of the inner wall surface of the clamping ring and the tooth top end of the outer clamping tooth along the radial direction; the inner clamping teeth and the outer clamping teeth of the clamping device are of triangular prism structures, the top end angles of the inner clamping teeth and the outer clamping teeth of the triangular prism structures are between 45 degrees and 90 degrees, and the sides, close to the opening, of the top ends of the inner clamping teeth are long edges;
the monitoring device comprises a circumferential monitoring device and an axial monitoring device, the circumferential monitoring device has certain elasticity, and the circumferential monitoring device annularly surrounds the outer side of the clamping device after being installed so as to monitor circumferential data; the axial monitoring device comprises a measurer and axial positioning rings, wherein the axial positioning rings are horizontally clamped on the pressure head, and the axial positioning rings are changed through the relative displacement of the extensometer to carry out axial data monitoring.
2. The seepage behavior testing system for mining fractured rocks according to claim 1, wherein the heights of the clamping groove and the clamping ring of the clamping device are lower than the height of a mining fractured rock test piece, and the thickness of the clamping groove is one tenth of the diameter of the rock test piece.
3. The seepage behaviour testing system for mining a fractured rock of claim 2 wherein the snap ring of the clamping means is pre-inserted into the slot.
4. A test method of a seepage behaviour testing system for mining fractured rocks according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following two experiments and steps:
(1) triaxial rock mechanical test:
s1, wrapping the mining fractured rock test piece, and placing the wrapped mining fractured rock test piece between pressure heads on the loading base;
s2, mounting a clamping device, and fastening the clamping ring to enable the clamping device to be tightly attached to the wrapped mining fractured rock test piece;
s3, wrapping the clamping device, and installing a monitoring device;
s4, lowering the press through the control device to press the pressure head, so that the pressure head is tightly attached to the mining fractured rock test piece processed in the steps S1-S3;
s5, lowering the sealed cabin to be sealed through the control device, and operating the confining pressure control device to inject oil and apply confining pressure to an experimental value after sealing;
s6, applying axial force to the pressure head by a pressure raising and reducing machine through a control device until the stress reaches the peak stress;
s7, connecting a control device and a loading device through a pipeline, recording the stress path evolution of the whole test piece loading process through the control device, and recording the loading time, the loading differential stress, the confining pressure and pore pressure change, the axial displacement and the pressure change of the test piece;
s8, recording the circumferential and axial change processes of the test piece by using a monitoring device, and recording the axial and circumferential strain of the test piece;
s9, screening data and drawing a full stress-strain curve by adopting data statistics and graphic image analysis software, and calculating to obtain the cohesion, the internal friction angle, the volume strain and the triaxial compression strength of the mining fractured rock test piece under different confining pressure conditions;
(2) rock seepage test:
s1: soaking the mining fractured rock test piece until the test piece is saturated;
s2: wrapping the saturated mining fractured rock test piece, and placing the wrapped mining fractured rock test piece between pressure heads on the loading base;
s3: installing a clamping device, and tightly fastening the clamping ring to enable the clamping device to be tightly attached to the wrapped mining fractured rock test piece;
s4: wrapping the clamping device and installing a monitoring device;
s5: lowering the press by the control device to press the press head to make the press head tightly attached to the mining fractured rock test piece processed by the steps S1-S3;
s6: the sealing cabin is lowered to be sealed through the control device, and after sealing, the confining pressure management and control device is operated to inject oil and apply confining pressure to an experimental value;
s7: the pressure raising and reducing machine applies force to the pressure head through the control device until the stress reaches an experimental value;
s8, injecting liquid with a certain pressure value through a pressure head on the upper part of the test piece, and carrying out seepage test by a steady state method;
s9: stopping seepage, changing the experimental pressure value to the next stress gradient, and repeating the steps S7-S8;
s10: connecting a control device and a loading device by using a pipeline, recording the whole process of a seepage test of a test piece by using a steady state method through the control device, and recording the flow change and the loading time of the test piece;
s11: recording the circumferential and axial change processes of the test piece by using a monitoring device, and recording the axial and circumferential strain of the test piece;
s12: and screening data and drawing a seepage-time change curve and a seepage-confining pressure change curve under different stress gradients by adopting a data statistics and graphic image analysis software.
5. The testing method of seepage behavior testing system for mining fractured rocks according to claim 4 wherein in the triaxial rock mechanics testing step S3 and the rock seepage testing step S4, after the clamping device is wrapped with the thermoplastic pipe with the flattened end and the thermoplastic pipe is heat sealed, the monitoring device is installed and then the control device is adjusted to zero.
6. The testing method of a seepage characteristics testing system for mining fractured rocks according to claim 4, wherein in the triaxial rock mechanics testing step S4 and the rock seepage testing step S5, the contact force when the press has stable contact with the indenter is close to 0.1KN, and the bias stress when the press presses the indenter is 0.2 MPa.
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