CN112459059A - Construction method of movable pile sinking - Google Patents

Abstract

A construction method of a movable pile sinking comprises the following steps: 1) installing a mast forward-turning pile driver; 2) hoisting a pile hammer and a precast pile; 3) the mast is turned forward and is vertical, and the movable bridge girder erection machine advances; 4) starting the pile hammer and the precast pile sinking; 5) the mast is tilted backwards and falls down; 6) the movable bridge girder erection machine transversely moves the pile position; 7) and laying the pile foundation capping beam and the beam plate. According to the invention, the mast forward-turning type pile driver is arranged on the existing bridge girder erection machine, so that the construction requirements of forward-turning and vertical mast of the pile driver, pile sinking construction of precast piles and bridge girder erection machine for carrying out bridge deck laying are realized, the pile foundation operation of the bridge girder erection machine on water such as rivers and lakes is met, the construction application range of the bridge girder erection machine is expanded, and the bridge girder erection machine has the characteristics of multiple functions, strong adaptability, high operation efficiency and the like.

Description

Construction method of movable pile sinking

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of foundation pile sinking construction, in particular to a construction method for realizing mobile pile sinking by installing a front-turning type pile driver on an existing mobile bridge girder erection machine.

Background

With the development of economy in China, the investment of the country in infrastructure construction is more and more. Expressways, highways and elevated roads are important components of traffic engineering, and in recent years, the scale is gradually enlarged, and the number of construction works is continuously increased. In the prior art, when a bridge engineering construction is involved in the process of constructing a high-speed highway, a high-speed railway and an elevated road, a bridge girder erection machine is generally adopted to move and lay a precast beam slab on a finished pile foundation. Therefore, the mechanized level of the highway bridge erection construction can be improved, and the overall progress of project construction can be accelerated. Most bridge erecting machines in the market at present are mainly used for laying prefabricated beam plates between finished beam columns and realizing the penetration of bridge floors or road surfaces. The pile foundation of bridge engineering generally adopts the precast pile hammering to sink into and the bored concrete pile construction method, the precast pile construction adopts and is sunk into by the hammering of diesel pile hammer or hydraulic pile hammer and forms the pile foundation, and bored concrete pile adopts the auger drilling machine to bore the pore-forming on the spot, inserts the steel reinforcement cage, and the bored concrete cement forms the pile foundation after solidifying, like this, need dispose pile driver or drilling machine in the work progress, and a great deal of large-scale jack-up handling equipment and lightens the transport vehicle, increase the construction engineering expense by a wide margin, bring great factor for construction management, equipment management and construction process. Therefore, the construction of bridge engineering needs a multifunctional bridge girder erection machine, besides the operation function that the bridge girder erection machine should have, can also accomplish the pile driver of pile sinking construction through the configuration, the mast of the pile driver is required to be able to adapt to the forward-turning vertical and backward-leaning laying down operation, the pile sinking construction needs of precast piles are satisfied, thereby expanding the construction application range, improving the adaptability of the bridge girder erection machine, achieving the technical performances of multiple functions, strong adaptability, flexibility, maneuverability and the like, particularly in the water pile foundation operation close to rivers and lakes and the like, the trestle construction and concrete slab laying can be avoided, the damage to the environment in the construction process is effectively avoided, and the ecological environment is effectively protected.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly aims to overcome the defects of pile sinking operation and beam plate laying of the existing bridge girder erection machine, provides a construction method for realizing the mobile pile sinking and beam plate laying of the bridge girder erection machine by installing a mast forward-turning type pile driver on a mobile bridge girder erection machine, meets the pile foundation operation of the bridge girder erection machine on water such as rivers and lakes, further expands the construction application range of the bridge girder erection machine, and has the characteristics of multiple functions, strong adaptability and high operation efficiency.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the solution adopted by the invention is as follows:

a construction method of a movable pile sinking comprises the following steps: 1) installing a mast forward-turning type pile driver, a) determining the mast height of the pile driver according to the pile foundation construction requirement, assembling the mast in a ground vacant site, wherein the mast comprises a plurality of mast units, a sliding groove positioned on the back surface of the mast, a first hinging seat and a top pulley yoke positioned at the end part of the mast, two sealing plate inserting plates at the lower end parts of four main chords of an upper mast unit and two sealing plate inserting plates at the upper end parts of four main chords of a lower mast unit are respectively inserted into the two sealing plate inserting plates and the two sealing plate inserting plates at the upper end parts of the four main chords of the lower mast unit when the mast units are connected, and; the mast is arranged on an upper lug seat of the frame through a first hinge seat and is hinged with the frame through a pin shaft; the pulley yoke is fixedly arranged at the top of the mast unit of the mast; b) the sliding chute is arranged on the back surface of an upper mast formed by butting a plurality of mast units; a sliding frame is arranged in two long channel steels of a sliding groove positioned on the back surface of the mast, and the upper end and the lower end of the sliding groove are provided with limit blocks; c) a support frame is arranged on the back surface of the mast, and two lower end connecting forks of the support frame are respectively arranged on two lower lug seats at the rear end of the frame and are hinged with the frame through a pin shaft; the upper end of the supporting frame is fixedly provided with an adjusting oil cylinder; d) the amplitude varying mechanism is arranged between the sliding frame and the frame, and a support of an upper pulley set of the amplitude varying mechanism and a piston rod of an adjusting oil cylinder of the support frame are connected with each other through a pin shaft pivot after being arranged on a sliding frame lug of the sliding frame; the lower pulley block is arranged on the upper end surface of the frame body of the frame; an oil inlet and an oil outlet of the adjusting oil cylinder are connected to a hydraulic system through a hydraulic pipeline; e) hoisting the properly installed mast forward-turning pile driver to the installation position between the two left and right arm supports of the movable bridge girder erection machine by utilizing hoisting equipment, and fixedly installing the frame and the movable bridge girder erection machine; at this time, the mast is in the horizontal position; f) a variable-amplitude winch of a variable-amplitude mechanism is arranged on a movable jib of the movable bridge girder erection machine, and a variable-amplitude rope is led out from the variable-amplitude winch and sequentially passes through the lower pulley block and the upper pulley block; g) a pile hoisting machine and a hammer hoisting machine are respectively arranged on two movable arm supports of the movable bridge girder erection machine, and steel wire ropes respectively led out from the hammer hoisting machine and the hammer hoisting machine are connected with a pile driving hammer and a precast pile after passing through pulley frames at the tops of masts; h) two pile clamping devices are arranged on the mast unit at the foremost end of the mast forward-turning pile driver, are fixedly arranged on two main chords on the front surface of the mast unit through pile clamping seats respectively, and are connected to a hydraulic system through hydraulic pipelines at an oil inlet and an oil outlet of a clamping oil cylinder; 2) hoisting the pile hammer and the precast piles, a) hoisting the pile hammer and the precast piles to a paved beam slab vacant site on the right side of the movable bridge girder erection machine by using hoisting equipment; b) hoisting a pile driving hammer by using a crown block of the movable bridge girder erection machine and moving the pile driving hammer to the mast of the mast forward-turning pile driving machine leftwards, wherein the mast is a semi-open truss structure, the pile driving hammer is arranged on the upper rear parts of two main chords on the front surface of a mast unit of the mast through guide plates on the side surfaces of the pile driving hammer, and is positioned in an inner cavity of the mast, and a steel wire rope is led from a hoisting hammer winch to bypass a pulley yoke and a rigging at the top of the mast and then is firmly connected with the pile driving hammer; c) the clamping oil cylinder is operated through a hydraulic system, and the piston rod is contracted to pull the arm lug plate of the clamping arm, so that the clamping arm is turned upwards; d) the precast pile is hoisted to the mast in front of the pile hammer by using a crown block of the movable bridge girder erection machine, one end of the precast pile enters a pile cap at the front end of the pile hammer, and the precast pile conveniently and smoothly enters an inner cavity of a mast unit at the front part of the mast due to the fact that a clamping arm of a pile clamping device is in an upward turning position; operating a clamping oil cylinder of the pile clamping device, extending a piston rod to push an arm lug plate of a clamping arm, and then putting down the clamping arm, wherein two heads of the clamping arm and a plurality of guide blocks arranged on an inner cambered surface are supported on the outer circumference of the precast pile, so that the outer precast pile is locked on the mast unit; after a steel wire rope is led from the pile hoisting machine to bypass the pulley yoke at the top of the mast and the rigging, the precast pile is firmly connected, so that the precast pile is prevented from falling off; 3) the mast is forwards turned, the vertical and movable bridge girder erection machine moves forwards, a) a variable-amplitude winch of a variable-amplitude mechanism is operated, a variable-amplitude rope connected with a sliding frame is tightened, a support of an upper pulley set pulls the sliding frame to slide leftwards along a sliding groove on the back of the mast, and at the moment, a support frame which is simultaneously pivoted with the sliding frame also slides leftwards and supports the mast; b) continuously operating the amplitude variation mechanism, tightening the amplitude variation rope connected with the sliding frame, and enabling the sliding frame to continuously slide leftwards along the sliding groove on the back of the mast; the mast turns forwards around the upper ear seat of the frame under the combined action of the pulling of the sliding frame and the pushing of the supporting frame; c) when the mast is at 75-80 degrees to the horizontal plane under the pulling of the carriage, the luffing rope is stopped to be tightened, and the carriage and the mast are locked by a pin shaft; operating an adjusting oil cylinder at the front end of the support frame to enable a piston rod of the adjusting oil cylinder to extend out of the pushing sliding frame and the mast until the mast is completely in a vertical state, and locking the adjusting oil cylinder; the mast forward-turning pile driver enters a state to be worked; d) operating a left movable arm support and a right movable arm support of the movable bridge girder erection machine to move leftwards along the rails on the two sides of the beam plate to reach the pile position, and stopping and locking the movable bridge girder erection machine; 4) starting the pile driving hammer and the precast pile sinking, a) operating a pile hanging winch and a pile hanging winch, respectively discharging steel wire ropes to enable the pile driving hammer and the precast pile to descend along two main chords on the front side of a mast unit of the mast, and pressing the precast pile into the stratum by means of self weight and pile driving hammer mass; loosening a steel wire rope connected with the precast pile, operating a hoisting machine of the hanging hammer to tighten the steel wire rope, and fixing the steel wire rope at a proper position of the mast to prevent potential safety hazards caused by shaking of the steel wire rope; b) starting a pile hammer to hammer the precast pile downwards along two main chords on the front face of a mast unit of the mast, and completing pile sinking of the precast pile by means of the two heads of a clamping arm of the pile clamping device and the guide supports of a plurality of guide blocks arranged on the inner cambered surface; c) after the precast pile reaches the pile sinking depth and the hammer retracting requirement, closing the pile driving hammer to stop driving, thereby completing pile sinking construction; d) operating the hoisting hammer winch, tightening the steel wire rope to lift the pile hammer to a certain height, and closing the hoisting hammer winch; 5) a) operating an adjusting oil cylinder at the front end of the support frame to enable a piston rod of the adjusting oil cylinder to contract and pull the sliding frame and the mast, enabling the mast to slightly tilt backwards, and locking the adjusting oil cylinder; b) the variable amplitude winch of the variable control amplitude mechanism is operated to slowly release the variable amplitude rope connected with the sliding frame, at the moment, the support of the upper pulley set pushes the sliding frame to slide upwards along the sliding groove on the back of the mast, and the support frame slides upwards along the sliding groove of the mast along with the sliding frame and supports the mast; c) continuously releasing the luffing rope of the luffing winch at a low speed, wherein the support of the upper pulley block pushes the sliding frame to slide upwards along the sliding groove on the back of the mast, and the mast rotates around the upper lug seat of the frame to tilt the frame backwards to a horizontal position; 6) the method comprises the following steps that (a) a mobile bridge girder erection machine transversely moves a pile position, and a) a transversely moving mechanism of the mobile bridge girder erection machine is operated to move the pile position to the next pile position along a transverse guide rail; b) repeating the step 2) c and the step d-5), and performing pile sinking construction on the next pile foundation until a row of horizontally arranged pile foundations is formed; 7) laying pile foundation capping beams and beam plates, a) operating a crown block of the movable bridge girder erection machine to move the pile foundation capping beams to be positioned at the top ends of a row of transverse pile foundations, and finishing the installation of the pile foundation capping beams; b) and operating the crown block of the movable bridge girder erection machine to move left to the stacking position of the beam slabs, respectively hoisting and moving each beam slab right, and arranging between the two pile foundation cover beams to finish the laying of the beam slabs.

Preferably, in step 4), the left-right verticality of the mast is adjusted by the movable bridge girder erection machine, and the front-back verticality is adjusted by the adjusting oil cylinder at the front end of the supporting frame.

Drawings

The construction method of the mobile piling bridge of the invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the mast-tipped pile driver of the present invention in a horizontal position;

FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the mast-tipped pile driver of the present invention in a vertical position;

FIG. 4 is a left side view of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a right side view of FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is a bottom view of FIG. 3;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the construction of the mast unit of the mast turn-forward pile driver of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a left side view of FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a right side view of FIG. 7;

FIG. 10 is a top view of FIG. 7;

FIG. 11 is a bottom view of FIG. 7;

FIG. 12 is an enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 4;

FIG. 13 is a top view of FIG. 12;

FIG. 14 is a left side elevational view in partial section of FIG. 12;

FIG. 15 is a schematic structural view of the pile gripper of the present invention with the gripping arms turned up;

FIG. 16 is a top view of FIG. 15;

FIG. 17 is a left side elevational view in partial section of FIG. 15;

FIG. 18 is a schematic view of the mast-forward pile driver of the present invention being forward turned to 75-80 degrees from horizontal;

FIG. 19 is a top view of FIG. 18;

fig. 20 is a left side view of fig. 18.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1-17, a mast forward-turning pile driver comprising a mast 1, a support frame 2, a carriage 3, a luffing mechanism 4, a frame 6, a pile gripper 7 and a control mechanism; the mast 1 comprises a plurality of mast units 10, a sliding chute 12 positioned at the back of the mast, a first hinge base 13 and a top pulley yoke 14 positioned at the end part of the mast, wherein the mast units 10 comprise four main chords 101, a plurality of cross web members 102 and diagonal web members 103 positioned at the left, right and back of the mast units, and cross webs 104; the support frame 2 comprises a support frame arm 20, an adjusting oil cylinder 21 positioned at the upper end part of the support frame arm and a lower end connection fork 22 positioned at the lower end part of the support frame arm; the sliding frame 3 comprises a sliding frame body 30 and a sliding frame lug seat 31 positioned on the lower end surface of the sliding frame body; the amplitude variation mechanism 4 comprises an amplitude variation winch 41, a lower pulley block 42, an upper pulley block 43 and an amplitude variation rope 44; the frame 6 comprises a frame body 60, an upper ear seat 63 and a lower ear seat 62; the pile clamping device 7 comprises a pile clamping seat 70 with an upper shaft seat 701, a half shaft cover 702 and a lower lug plate 703, a clamping arm 71 with an arm lug plate 711 and a clamping oil cylinder 72; wherein:

the frame 6 is of a welded structure and is fixedly arranged at the installation position between the two left and right movable arm supports of the movable bridge girder erection machine; the upper ear seats 63 are located at the left upper end of the frame body 60, and the lower ear seats 62 are two and located at the right lower bottom of the frame body 60 respectively.

The mast 1 is formed by butting a plurality of mast units 10; the mast unit 10 is a semi-open truss structure; the four main chords 101 are arranged at four corners of the mast unit 10 in the vertical direction thereof; the cross web members 102 are respectively arranged between the two main chords 101 on the left, right and back of the mast unit 10 at equal intervals; the diagonal web members 103 are respectively arranged in an inclined manner in the area formed between the two main chords 101 and the two transverse web members 102; the transverse rib plates 104 are arranged in the inner cavity of the mast unit 10 at intervals along the vertical direction of the mast unit, and the two ends of the transverse rib plates are respectively fixedly welded on the transverse web members 102 on the inner sides of the left vertical surface and the back vertical surface of the mast unit 10 and the transverse web members 102 on the inner sides of the right vertical surface and the back vertical surface; end sealing plates 1011 are respectively arranged at the upper end part and the lower end part of the four main chords 101 of the mast unit 10, wherein two end sealing plates 1011 are respectively provided with a sealing plate inserting plate 1012, and the other two end sealing plates 1011 are respectively provided with a sealing plate ear seat 1013; the upper mast unit 10 is inserted into the two plate lugs 1013 and the plate plug 1012 at the upper ends of the four main chords 101 of the lower mast unit 10 through the two plate plug 1012 and the two plate lugs 1013 at the lower ends of the four main chords 101, and locked by the pins to form the mast 1.

The chute 12 is arranged on the back of the mast 1 along the vertical direction of the mast, and is fixedly arranged on the back of the upper mast 1 formed by butting a plurality of mast units 10 through two long channel steel 121; the notches of the two long channel steels 121 are arranged oppositely and in parallel. The upper end and the lower end of the chute 12 are both provided with limiting blocks.

The sliding frame 3 is arranged in the sliding groove 12; the carriage lug 31 is arranged on the outer end surface of the carriage body 30 along the length direction thereof; the support 431 of the upper pulley block 43 of the luffing mechanism 4 is pivotally connected with the carriage lug 31 of the carriage 3 through a yoke at the end of the adjusting cylinder 21 of the support frame 2, so that the carriage 3 is pushed to slide up and down in the inner gaps of the two long channel steel 121 of the chute 12, and forward turning, vertical tilting and backward laying down of the mast 1 are completed. The left end and the right end of the sliding frame 3 are respectively provided with a wear-resisting plate combination 33 which comprises two first wear-resisting pads 331 and one second wear-resisting pad 332 and are made of nodular cast iron.

The amplitude variation mechanism 4 is arranged between the sliding frame 3 and the frame 6; the variable amplitude winch 41 is arranged at the installation position on the movable arm support of the movable bridge girder erection machine; the support 431 of the upper pulley block 43 of the amplitude variation mechanism 4 and the piston rod of the adjusting oil cylinder 21 of the support frame 2 are connected and forked and are simultaneously arranged behind the carriage lug seat 31 of the carriage 3 and are connected through a pin shaft pivot; the lower pulley block 42 is mounted at the front part of the upper end surface of the frame body 60 of the frame 6; the luffing rope 44 is led out from the luffing winch 41 and sequentially passes through the lower pulley block 42 and the upper pulley block 43; the two groups of variable-amplitude winches 41 of the variable-amplitude mechanism 4 are respectively arranged at the installation positions of a left movable arm support and a right movable arm support of the movable bridge girder erection machine, and lead out variable-amplitude ropes 44 which are respectively connected to a lower pulley group 42 and an upper pulley group 43 of the variable-amplitude mechanism 4.

The supporting frame arm 20 of the supporting frame 2 is a rectangular variable-section truss structure; the cylinder end of the adjusting oil cylinder 21 is fixedly arranged with the support frame 2; the lower end of the supporting frame 2 is connected with two forks 22 symmetrically arranged along the lower end of the supporting frame arm 20, and the two forks are respectively arranged on two lower lug seats 62 at the rear end of the frame 6 and are hinged with the frame 6 through a pin shaft.

The mast 1 is arranged on the upper ear seat 63 of the frame 6 through the first hinge seat 13 on the back of the mast unit 10 and is hinged with the frame 6 through a pin shaft.

The pile hammer is placed on the two main chords 101 on the front side of the mast unit 10 of the mast 1 through the guide plates of the pile hammer and then is positioned in the inner cavity of the mast 1, and the steel wire rope led by the external hammer hoist is wound around the top pulley yoke 14 and the rigging, then is firmly connected with the pile hammer, and is lifted and lowered in the inner cavity of the mast 1.

The pile clamping devices 7 are two and are respectively arranged at the lower mast unit 10 of the mast 1; the pile clamping seats 70 of the pile clamping device 7 are respectively and fixedly arranged on the two main chords 101 on the front surface of the lower mast unit 10 through screws; the cylinder end of the clamping oil cylinder 72 is hinged with the lower ear plate 703 of the pile clamping seat 70, and the piston rod of the clamping oil cylinder is hinged with the arm ear plate 711 of the clamping arm 71; the clamping arm 71 is formed by bending a circular tube, a plurality of guide wheels are arranged at two heads and an inner arc surface of the clamping arm, the clamping arm is arranged in semicircular grooves of two half shaft covers 702 at the upper parts of the clamping pile bases 70, and the upper shaft bases 701 are fixedly arranged on the half shaft covers 702 respectively to enable the clamping arm 71 to turn up and put down by means of contraction and extension of the clamping oil cylinder 72.

The control mechanism operates the amplitude winch 41 of the amplitude changing mechanism 4 to tighten the amplitude rope 44, the upper pulley block 43 pulls the carriage 3 downwards, the carriage 3 slides downwards along the sliding groove 12 on the back surface of the mast 1, therefore, the mast 1 turns forwards around the upper lug seat 63 of the rack 6, the lower end fork 22 of the support frame 2 rotates around the lower lug seat 62 of the rack 6 in the process that the carriage 3 moves downwards, and the adjusting oil cylinder 21 assists the carriage 3 and supports the mast 1 all the time.

With reference to fig. 1 to 20, the construction method provided by the present invention includes the following steps:

step 1: mast-mounted forward-turning pile driver

a) Determining the height of a mast 1 of a pile driver according to the pile foundation construction requirement, assembling the mast 1 in a ground vacant site, wherein the mast comprises a plurality of mast units 10, a sliding groove 12 positioned on the back surface of the mast, a first hinge seat 13 and a top pulley frame 14 positioned at the end part of the mast, when the mast units 10 are connected, two sealing plate inserting plates 1012 and two sealing plate lug seats 1013 at the lower end parts of four main chords 101 of an upper mast unit 10 are respectively inserted into two sealing plate lug seats 1013 and two sealing plate inserting plates 1012 at the upper end parts of four main chords 101 of a lower mast unit 10, and the mast 1 is formed after being locked through pin shafts; the mast 1 is arranged on an upper ear seat 63 of the frame 6 through a first hinge seat 13 and then is hinged with the frame 6 through a pin shaft; the pulley yoke 14 is fixedly arranged at the top of the mast unit 10 of the mast 1;

b) the chute 12 is arranged on the back surface of the upper mast 1 formed by butting a plurality of mast units 10; a sliding frame 3 is arranged in two long channel steels 121 of a sliding chute 12 positioned on the back surface of the mast 1, and the upper end and the lower end of the sliding chute are provided with limit blocks;

c) a support frame 2 is arranged on the back surface of the mast 1, and two lower end connecting forks 22 of the support frame are respectively arranged on two lower lug seats 62 at the rear end of the frame 6 and are hinged with the frame 6 through a pin shaft; the upper end of the supporting frame is fixedly provided with an adjusting oil cylinder 21;

d) the amplitude variation mechanism 4 is arranged between the carriage 3 and the frame 6, and a support 431 of an upper pulley group 43 of the amplitude variation mechanism 4 and a piston rod of the adjusting oil cylinder 21 of the support frame 2 are connected with each other in a fork manner and are arranged behind a carriage lug seat 31 of the carriage 3 at the same time and are connected with each other through a pin shaft pivot; the lower pulley block 42 is mounted on the upper end surface of the frame body 60 of the frame 6; an oil inlet and an oil outlet of the adjusting oil cylinder 21 are connected to a hydraulic system through hydraulic pipelines;

e) hoisting the properly installed mast forward-turning pile driver to the installation position between the two left and right arm supports of the mobile bridge girder erection machine by utilizing hoisting equipment, and fixedly installing the frame 6 and the mobile bridge girder erection machine; at this time, mast 1 is in horizontal position;

f) a variable-amplitude winch 41 of the variable-amplitude mechanism 4 is arranged on a movable jib of the movable bridge girder erection machine, and a variable-amplitude rope 44 is led out from the variable-amplitude winch 41 and sequentially passes through the lower pulley block 42 and the upper pulley block 43;

g) a pile hoisting machine and a hammer hoisting machine are respectively arranged on two movable arm supports of the movable bridge girder erection machine, and steel wire ropes respectively led out from the hammer hoisting machine and the hammer hoisting machine are connected with a pile driving hammer and a precast pile after passing through a pulley frame 14 at the top of the mast 1;

h) two pile grippers 7 are arranged on the mast unit 10 at the foremost end of the mast 1 of the mast forward-turning pile driver, are fixedly arranged on two main chords 101 on the front surface of the mast unit 10 through pile gripper seats 70 respectively, and are connected to a hydraulic system through hydraulic pipelines at an oil inlet and an oil outlet of a clamping oil cylinder 72.

Step 2: lifting pile driving hammer and precast pile

a) Hoisting the pile hammer and the precast piles to a paved beam slab vacant site on the right side of the movable bridge girder erection machine by utilizing hoisting equipment;

b) hoisting a pile driving hammer by using a crown block of the movable bridge girder erection machine and moving the pile driving hammer to the left to the mast 1 of the mast forward-turning pile driving machine, wherein the mast is a semi-open truss structure, the pile driving hammer is arranged on the upper rear parts of two main chords 101 on the front surface of a mast unit 10 of the mast 1 through guide plates on the side surfaces of the pile driving hammer, and is positioned in an inner cavity of the mast 1, and a steel wire rope is led from a hoisting machine of the pile driving hammer to firmly connect the pile driving hammer after bypassing a pulley frame 14 and a rigging on the top of the mast 1;

c) the precast pile is hoisted to the position of the mast 1 in front of the pile hammer by using a crown block of the movable bridge girder erection machine, one end of the precast pile enters a pile cap at the front end of the pile hammer, and the precast pile conveniently and smoothly enters an inner cavity of the mast unit 10 at the front part of the mast 1 because the clamping arm 71 of the pile gripper 7 is at the position of being turned upwards; operating a clamping oil cylinder 72 of the pile clamping device 7, extending a piston rod to push an arm lug plate 711 of the clamping arm 71 to lower the clamping arm 71, and supporting two heads of the clamping arm and a plurality of guide blocks arranged on an inner arc surface on the outer circumference of the precast pile so as to lock the outer precast pile on the mast unit 10; after a steel wire rope is led from the pile hoisting machine to bypass the pulley yoke 14 and the rigging at the top of the mast 1, the precast pile is firmly connected, and the precast pile is prevented from falling off.

And step 3: mast forward turning vertical and movable type bridge girder erection machine forward

a) Operating the amplitude-changing winch 41 of the amplitude-changing mechanism 4, tightening the amplitude-changing rope 44 connected with the carriage 3, pulling the carriage 3 to slide leftwards along the sliding groove 12 on the back surface of the mast 1 by the support 431 of the upper pulley block 43, and at the moment, sliding leftwards and supporting the mast 1 by the support frame 2 which is simultaneously pivoted with the carriage 3;

b) continuously operating the amplitude variation mechanism 4, tightening the amplitude variation rope 44 connected with the carriage 3, and enabling the carriage 3 to continuously slide leftwards along the sliding groove 12 on the back side of the mast 1; under the combined action of the pulling of the carriage 3 and the pushing of the support frame 2, the mast 1 turns forwards around the upper ear seat 63 of the frame 6;

c) when the mast 1 is pulled down by the carriage 3 at an angle of 75-80 deg. to the horizontal,the take-up of the horn tether 44 is stopped,locking the sliding frame 3 and the mast 1 by using a pin shaft; operating an adjusting oil cylinder 21 at the front end of the support frame 2 to enable a piston rod of the adjusting oil cylinder to extend out of the pushing sliding frame 3 and the mast 1 until the mast 1 is completely in a vertical state, and locking the adjusting oil cylinder 21; the mast forward-turning pile driver enters a state to be worked;

d) and operating the left and right movable arm supports of the movable bridge girder erection machine to move leftwards along the rails on the two sides of the beam plate to the pile position, and stopping and locking the movable bridge girder erection machine.

And 4, step 4: pile driving hammer and precast pile sinking are started

a) Operating a pile hoisting machine and a hanging hammer hoisting machine, respectively discharging steel wire ropes to enable a pile driving hammer and a precast pile to descend along two main chords 101 on the front surface of a mast unit 10 of the mast 1, and pressing the precast pile into the ground layer by means of self weight and pile driving hammer mass; loosening a steel wire rope connected with the precast pile, operating a hoisting hammer hoist to tighten the steel wire rope, and fixing the steel wire rope at a proper position of the mast 1 to prevent potential safety hazards caused by shaking of the steel wire rope;

b) starting the pile driving hammer to hammer the precast pile downwards along the two main chords 101 on the front side of the mast unit 10 of the mast 1, and completing pile sinking of the precast pile by means of the two heads of the clamping arms 71 of the pile clamping device 7 and the guide supports of the guide blocks arranged on the inner cambered surfaces;

c) after the precast pile reaches the pile sinking depth and the hammer retracting requirement, closing the pile driving hammer to stop driving, thereby completing pile sinking construction;

d) operating the hoisting hammer winch, tightening the steel wire rope to lift the pile hammer to a certain height, and closing the hoisting hammer winch;

the left and right verticality of the mast 1 is adjusted by a movable bridge girder erection machine, and the front and back verticality is adjusted by an adjusting oil cylinder 21 at the front end of the support frame 2. Therefore, pile sinking construction of the pitching type pile foundation and the pitching type pile foundation can be realized, the construction performance of the pile driver is further improved, and the construction requirement of a large bearing capacity pile foundation is met.

And 5: mast backward-leaning landing rack

a) Operating an adjusting oil cylinder 21 at the front end of the support frame 2 to enable a piston rod of the adjusting oil cylinder to contract and pull the sliding frame 3 and the mast 1, enabling the mast 1 to slightly tilt backwards, and locking the adjusting oil cylinder 21;

b) operating the amplitude-changing winch 41 of the amplitude-changing mechanism 4 to slowly release the amplitude-changing rope 44 connected with the carriage 3, wherein the support 431 of the upper pulley set 43 pushes the carriage 3 to slide upwards along the sliding groove 12 on the back surface of the mast 1, and the support frame 2 simultaneously slides upwards along the sliding groove 12 of the mast 1 along with the carriage 3 and supports the mast 1;

c）the luffing rope 44 of the luffing winch 41 continues to be slowly paid out, at which time the support 431 of the upper pulley set 43 pushes the carriage 3 to slide upwards along the slide groove 12 at the back of the mast 1, which slides upwardsThe rod 1 rotates around the upper ear seat 63 of the frame 6 to lean back the frame to the horizontal position.

Step 6: movable bridge girder erection machine transverse moving pile position

a) Operating the transverse moving mechanism of the movable bridge girder erection machine to move the transverse moving mechanism to the next pile position along the transverse guide rail;

b) and (5) repeating the steps c and d in the step 2, and performing pile sinking construction on the next pile foundation until a row of horizontally arranged pile foundations is formed.

And 7: pile cover beam and beam slab laying

a) Operating a crown block of the movable bridge girder erection machine to operate the pile foundation capping beam and locate the pile foundation capping beam at the top end of the row of transverse pile foundations to complete the installation of the pile foundation capping beam;

b) and operating the crown block of the movable bridge girder erection machine to move left to the stacking position of the beam slabs, respectively hoisting and moving each beam slab right, and arranging between the two pile foundation cover beams to finish the laying of the beam slabs.

The construction method of the movable pile sinking realizes the construction operation of the movable pile sinking and the beam plate laying of the bridge girder erection machine by installing the mast forward-turning type pile driver on the existing movable bridge girder erection machine, realizes the integrated operation of pile foundation driving, capping beam and box beam erection in a natural protection area, a mud flat or an urban construction area, further expands the construction application range of the movable bridge girder erection machine, and has the characteristics of multiple functions, strong adaptability and high operation efficiency.

Claims (2)

1. A construction method of a movable pile sinking comprises the following steps:

1) mast-mounted forward-turning pile driver

a) Determining the height of a mast (1) of a pile driver according to the pile foundation construction requirement, assembling the mast (1) in a ground vacant site, wherein the mast comprises a plurality of mast units (10), a sliding groove (12) positioned on the back surface of the mast, a first hinged seat (13) and a top pulley frame (14) positioned at the end part of the mast, when the mast units (10) are connected, two sealing plate inserting plates (1012) and two sealing plate lug seats (1013) at the lower end parts of four main chords (101) of an upper mast unit (10) are respectively inserted into two sealing plate lug seats (1013) and two sealing plate inserting plates (1012) at the upper end parts of four main chords (101) of a lower mast unit (10), and the mast (1) is formed after being locked by pin shafts; the mast (1) is arranged on an upper ear seat (63) of the frame (6) through a first hinge seat (13) and then is hinged with the frame (6) through a pin shaft; the pulley yoke (14) is fixedly arranged at the top of the mast unit (10) of the mast (1);

b) the chute (12) is arranged on the back surface of an upper mast (1) formed by butting a plurality of mast units (10); a sliding frame (3) is arranged in two long channel steels (121) of a sliding chute (12) positioned on the back surface of the mast (1), and the upper end and the lower end of the sliding chute are provided with limit blocks;

c) a support frame (2) is arranged on the back surface of the mast (1), and two lower end connecting forks (22) of the support frame are respectively arranged on two lower ear seats (62) at the rear end of the frame (6) and are hinged with the frame (6) through pin shafts; an adjusting oil cylinder (21) is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the supporting frame;

d) the amplitude variation mechanism (4) is arranged between the sliding frame (3) and the rack (6), and a support (431) of an upper pulley block (43) of the amplitude variation mechanism (4) and a piston rod of an adjusting oil cylinder (21) of the support frame (2) are connected in a fork manner and are arranged behind a sliding frame lug seat (31) of the sliding frame (3) through a pin shaft pivot; the lower pulley block (42) is arranged on the upper end surface of a frame body (60) of the frame (6); an oil inlet and an oil outlet of the adjusting oil cylinder (21) are connected to a hydraulic system through hydraulic pipelines;

e) hoisting the properly installed mast forward-turning pile driver to the installation position between the two left and right arm supports of the movable bridge girder erection machine by utilizing hoisting equipment, and fixedly installing the frame (6) and the movable bridge girder erection machine; at the moment, the mast (1) is in a horizontal position;

f) a variable-amplitude winch (41) of a variable-amplitude mechanism (4) is arranged on a movable jib of the movable bridge girder erection machine, and a variable-amplitude rope (44) is led out from the variable-amplitude winch (41) and sequentially passes through a lower pulley block (42) and an upper pulley block (43);

g) a pile hoisting machine and a hammer hoisting machine are respectively arranged on two movable arm supports of the movable bridge girder erection machine, and steel wire ropes respectively led out from the hammer hoisting machine and the hammer hoisting machine are connected with a pile driving hammer and a precast pile after passing through a top pulley frame (14) of the mast (1);

h) two pile clamping devices (7) are arranged on a mast unit (10) at the foremost end of a mast (1) of the mast forward-turning pile driver, are fixedly arranged on two main chords (101) on the front side of the mast unit (10) through pile clamping seats (70), and are connected to a hydraulic system through hydraulic pipelines at an oil inlet and an oil outlet of a clamping oil cylinder (72);

2) lifting pile driving hammer and precast pile

a) Hoisting the pile hammer and the precast piles to a paved beam slab vacant site on the right side of the movable bridge girder erection machine by utilizing hoisting equipment;

b) hoisting a pile driving hammer by using a crown block of a movable bridge girder erection machine and moving the pile driving hammer to the left to a mast (1) of a mast forward-turning pile driver, wherein the mast is a semi-open truss structure, the pile driving hammer is arranged on the upper rear parts of two main chords (101) on the front surface of a mast unit (10) of the mast (1) through guide plates on the side surfaces of the pile driving hammer, and is positioned in an inner cavity of the mast (1), and a steel wire rope is led out from a hoisting hammer hoisting machine to bypass a pulley yoke (14) and a rigging on the top of the mast (1) and then is firmly connected with the pile driving hammer;

c) the clamping oil cylinder (72) is operated through a hydraulic system, a piston rod is contracted to pull an arm lug plate (711) of the clamping arm (71), and the clamping arm (71) is turned upwards;

d) the precast pile is hoisted to the position of the mast (1) in front of the pile hammer by using a crown block of the movable bridge girder erection machine, one end of the precast pile enters a pile cap at the front end of the pile hammer, and the precast pile conveniently and smoothly enters an inner cavity of a mast unit (10) at the front part of the mast (1) because a clamping arm (71) of a pile clamping device (7) is positioned at an upward turning position; operating a clamping oil cylinder (72) of the pile clamping device (7), extending a piston rod to push an arm lug plate (711) of a clamping arm (71) to put down the clamping arm (71), and supporting the outer circumference of the precast pile by two heads and a plurality of guide blocks arranged on the inner arc surface of the clamping arm so as to lock the outer precast pile on the mast unit (10); after a steel wire rope is led from the pile hoisting machine to bypass a pulley yoke (14) and a rigging at the top of the mast (1), the precast pile is firmly connected, so that the precast pile is prevented from falling off;

3) mast forward turning vertical and movable type bridge girder erection machine forward

a) Operating a variable-amplitude winch (41) of a variable-amplitude mechanism (4), tightening a variable-amplitude rope (44) connected with a sliding frame (3), pulling the sliding frame (3) to slide leftwards along a sliding groove (12) on the back surface of a mast (1) by a support (431) of an upper pulley group (43), and sliding leftwards and supporting the mast (1) by a support frame (2) which is simultaneously and pivotally connected with the sliding frame (3);

b) continuously operating the amplitude variation mechanism (4), tightening the amplitude variation rope (44) connected with the sliding frame (3), and enabling the sliding frame (3) to continuously slide leftwards along the sliding groove (12) on the back of the mast (1); the mast (1) turns forwards around an upper ear seat (63) of the frame (6) under the combined action of the pulling of the sliding frame (3) and the pushing of the support frame (2);

c) when the mast (1) is pulled by the sliding frame (3) to be positioned at 75-80 degrees with the horizontal plane, the amplitude-variable rope (44) is stopped to be tightened, and the sliding frame (3) and the mast (1) are locked by a pin shaft; operating an adjusting oil cylinder (21) at the front end of the support frame (2) to enable a piston rod of the adjusting oil cylinder to extend out of the pushing sliding frame (3) and the mast (1) until the mast (1) is completely in a vertical state, and locking the adjusting oil cylinder (21); the mast forward-turning pile driver enters a state to be worked;

d) operating a left movable arm support and a right movable arm support of the movable bridge girder erection machine to move leftwards along the rails on the two sides of the beam plate to reach the pile position, and stopping and locking the movable bridge girder erection machine;

4) pile driving hammer and precast pile sinking are started

a) Operating a pile hoisting machine and a hanging hammer hoisting machine, respectively discharging steel wire ropes to enable a pile driving hammer and a precast pile to descend along two main chords (101) on the front side of a mast unit (10) of a mast (1), and pressing the precast pile into the ground by means of self weight and pile driving hammer quality; loosening a steel wire rope connected with the precast pile, operating a hoisting hammer hoist to tighten the steel wire rope, and fixing the steel wire rope at a proper position of the mast (1) to prevent potential safety hazards caused by shaking of the steel wire rope;

b) starting a pile driving hammer to hammer the precast pile downwards along two main chords (101) on the front face of a mast unit (10) of the mast (1), and completing pile sinking of the precast pile by means of the guide supports of two heads of a clamping arm (71) of a pile clamping device (7) and a plurality of guide blocks arranged on an inner arc surface;

c) after the precast pile reaches the pile sinking depth and the hammer retracting requirement, closing the pile driving hammer to stop driving, thereby completing pile sinking construction;

d) operating the hoisting hammer winch, tightening the steel wire rope to lift the pile hammer to a certain height, and closing the hoisting hammer winch;

5) mast backward-leaning landing rack

a) Operating an adjusting oil cylinder (21) at the front end of the support frame (2) to enable a piston rod of the adjusting oil cylinder to contract and pull the sliding frame (3) and the mast (1), enabling the mast (1) to slightly tilt backwards, and locking the adjusting oil cylinder (21);

b) operating a variable amplitude winch (41) of the variable amplitude control mechanism (4), slowly releasing a variable amplitude rope (44) connected with the sliding frame (3), pushing the sliding frame (3) to upwards slide along a sliding groove (12) on the back surface of the mast (1) by a support (431) of an upper pulley group (43), and upwards sliding a support frame (2) along with the sliding frame (3) along the sliding groove (12) of the mast (1) and supporting the mast (1);

c) continuously releasing the luffing rope (44) of the luffing winch (41) at a low speed, pushing the sliding frame (3) to slide upwards along the sliding groove (12) on the back of the mast (1) by the support (431) of the upper pulley block (43), and rotating the mast (1) around the upper lug seat (63) of the frame (6) to pitch back the frame to a horizontal position;

6) movable bridge girder erection machine transverse moving pile position

a) Operating the transverse moving mechanism of the movable bridge girder erection machine to move the transverse moving mechanism to the next pile position along the transverse guide rail;

b) repeating the step 2) c and the step d-5), and performing pile sinking construction on the next pile foundation until a row of horizontally arranged pile foundations is formed;

7) pile cover beam and beam slab laying

a) Operating a crown block of the movable bridge girder erection machine to operate the pile foundation capping beam and locate the pile foundation capping beam at the top end of the row of transverse pile foundations to complete the installation of the pile foundation capping beam;

b) and operating the crown block of the movable bridge girder erection machine to move left to the stacking position of the beam slabs, respectively hoisting and moving each beam slab right, and arranging between the two pile foundation cover beams to finish the laying of the beam slabs.

2. The construction method according to claim 1, wherein in step 4), the left-right perpendicularity of the mast (1) is adjusted by a mobile bridge girder erection machine, and the front-rear perpendicularity is adjusted by an adjusting cylinder (21) at the front end of the support frame (2).

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