CN112453436A - Automatic spoke processing single-tool vertical lathe device of chip breaking, chip removal - Google Patents
Automatic spoke processing single-tool vertical lathe device of chip breaking, chip removal Download PDFInfo
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- CN112453436A CN112453436A CN202011327001.9A CN202011327001A CN112453436A CN 112453436 A CN112453436 A CN 112453436A CN 202011327001 A CN202011327001 A CN 202011327001A CN 112453436 A CN112453436 A CN 112453436A
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000007514 turning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004579 marble Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B5/00—Turning-machines or devices specially adapted for particular work; Accessories specially adapted therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B25/00—Accessories or auxiliary equipment for turning-machines
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
- B23Q11/0042—Devices for removing chips
- B23Q11/0067—Devices for removing chips chip containers located under a machine or under a chip conveyor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
- B23Q11/08—Protective coverings for parts of machine tools; Splash guards
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
- B23Q11/10—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating tools or work
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q7/00—Arrangements for handling work specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools, e.g. for conveying, loading, positioning, discharging, sorting
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Turning (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a single-cutter vertical lathe device for automatically breaking and discharging chips of a spoke, and solves the problems that bulk scrap iron cannot be automatically discharged and is difficult to clean. The device comprises a lathe bed, a main shaft, a clamp, a cutter, a cross sliding table, a stand column, a chip removal machine, a cooling assembly and a protective cover. The automatic chip breaking and chip removing single-cutter vertical lathe device for machining the spoke adopts a mode of reciprocating vibration turning of the cutter, is provided with the automatic chip removing machine, can automatically break cut scrap iron into 60-100mm strip-shaped scrap iron, and automatically guides the scrap iron into the chip removing machine through the inclined table board, so that the problems that bulk scrap iron cannot be automatically discharged, is extremely easy to accumulate and difficult to clean and cannot realize automatic production are solved. Meanwhile, the full-closed structure, the circulating cooling water and the automatic sliding door are adopted, so that automatic feeding and discharging of a robot can be realized, further automatic production is realized, the production efficiency is improved, the labor cost is reduced, and the processing of double-sided chamfering, excircle and end face chamfering and outer edge chamfering of the center hole and the center hole of the wheel spoke is completed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automobile part machining equipment, in particular to a spoke machining single-tool vertical lathe device capable of automatically breaking and discharging chips.
Background
The spoke for automobile is a device for protecting the rim and spoke of vehicle wheel, and is a pair of circular cover plates, the diameter of the cover plate is close to that of the rim, the centre of the cover plate is equipped with a hole whose diameter is greater than that of the wheel rotating shaft, the portion of the cover plate close to its edge is equipped with an orifice, the edge of the cover plate is equipped with an annular wheel plate, and the curved surface of the wheel plate can be tightly attached to the curved surface of the rim.
In order to process qualified automobile spokes, a special turning device for processing double-sided chamfers, excircles, end faces and outer edge chamfers of a center hole and a center hole of a wheel spoke is designed aiming at the special structure of the automobile spoke, and corresponding clamps are matched, so that workpieces of different specifications can be turned, the product quality is ensured, and the production efficiency is improved. At present, along with the upgrading and reconstruction of industrial intelligence, a large number of industrial automation devices are widely applied to industrial factories and digital workshops such as automobiles, electronics, high-end equipment and the like, and become a necessary trend of enterprise development.
However, in the past, the spoke machining adopts continuous feed machining, the machined scrap iron is bulk scrap iron, cannot be automatically discharged, is extremely easy to accumulate, needs manual cleaning, is quite difficult to clean, cannot realize automatic production, is low in production efficiency, high in labor cost and heavy in enterprise burden, and therefore, how to realize chip breaking and automatic chip removal is always a difficult problem in turning.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides the spoke machining single-tool vertical lathe device with the functions of automatically breaking chips and automatically removing chips, so that the automatic production is realized, the labor cost is reduced, and the production efficiency is improved.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides an automatic spoke processing single-tool merry go round machine device of chip breaking, chip removal, includes:
the lathe bed is provided with an inclined table board, and a spindle box is arranged below the inclined table board;
the main shaft is vertically arranged in the main shaft box, is driven to rotate in a single direction by an asynchronous motor, adjusts the rotating speed by a three-gear gearbox, and the upper end of an output shaft of the main shaft is positioned above the inclined table board;
the clamp is fixedly connected with the upper end of the main shaft, is positioned by the central hole and the end face, tightly pulls the workpiece through the tension rod, and is driven by the main shaft to rotate in the horizontal plane;
the cutter is positioned above the workpiece and driven by the cross sliding table to move along the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, the turning mode of the cutter is reciprocating vibration turning, the vibration frequency is 2.0-3.0Hz, and the vibration amplitude is 0.5-1.0 mm;
the cross sliding table is arranged above the lathe bed through a stand column, the upper part of the stand column is provided with a counterweight block pulley support, and two groups of pulleys are respectively connected with the cross sliding table and a counterweight iron positioned in the inner cavity of the stand column through plate-type chains;
the scrap discharging machine is characterized in that a material receiving port of the scrap discharging machine is connected with the inclined table board, and after scrap iron automatically slides down the scrap discharging machine, the scrap iron is discharged out of the machine tool through a scraper of the scrap discharging machine under the driving of a motor;
the cooling assembly sprays cooling water onto the cutter through a cooling water pump to cool and lubricate the cutter;
and the front side of the protective cover is provided with an automatic sliding door for loading and unloading workpieces, and other parts are totally enclosed.
Further, the three-gear gearbox comprises a box body, three gear shafts and a three-gear shift lever, wherein a motor connects a belt wheel at the shaft end of the motor and a belt wheel of the gearbox together through a belt, the box body is internally provided with 3 groups of gears, wherein the first group is a transmission gear, the second group is a slippage compound gear with three different outer diameters, the third group is a gear group with three different outer diameters, the gear groups are respectively a 100r/Min gear, a 200r/Min gear and a 150r/Min gear and can be matched with the slippage compound gear, the slippage compound gear moves on the gear shafts at a single position by pushing the gear shift lever, the gear shift lever is provided with three clamping grooves, and the gear shift lever is provided with three clamping grooves by fixing marble balls at one side of the box body, and the gear shift at each position, correspondingly, the slippage compound gear is, the output rotation speeds of the main shafts are respectively 100r/Min, 150r/Min and 200 r/Min.
Furthermore, the main shaft comprises a pair of tapered roller bearings and a deep groove ball bearing support, is driven by an asynchronous motor, is subjected to speed change through a belt transmission and a gearbox, and is finally transmitted to the main shaft through a pair of spiral bevel gears.
Furthermore, the motor is installed in an inner cavity behind the lathe bed through a motor base, the motor base comprises two fixed shafts and a swinging plate, two ends of the swinging plate are respectively connected with the two fixed shafts in a rotating mode, the distance between the main motor and the gearbox is adjusted by adjusting the swinging angle of the swinging plate, and then the swinging plate is fixed by screwing up an adjusting bolt to be used for tensioning the belt.
Furthermore, the inner cavity of the main shaft is also used as a hydraulic cylinder, the piston pulls a pressure plate of the clamp under the action of hydraulic oil, the tension rod tensions a workpiece, and the hydraulic oil is connected with a hydraulic system through a rotary joint at the lower end of the main shaft.
Further, the clamp comprises a supporting plate, an upper arm, a lower arm, a pressure plate and a tension rod, wherein the supporting plate is arranged on the upper arm of the clamp body and used for supporting the spoke workpiece to realize axial positioning; the bottom of the lower arm upwards forms a lower cavity; the pressure plate is driven by the oil cylinder to move up and down in the lower cavity of the clamp body; the number of the tension rods is 3, the tension rods are uniformly distributed on the clamp body, each tension rod penetrates through the support plate, the upper arm and the lower arm respectively, the upper end of each tension rod is provided with an eccentric pressing cap used for pressing a workpiece, and the lower end of each tension rod is fixedly connected with the pressure plate.
Furthermore, 3 positioning pins are installed at the upper end of the clamp, are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the upper end of the clamp body, and are alternately distributed with the tensioning rod to play a role in positioning angles.
Further, the cross sliding table comprises linear guide rails which are perpendicular to each other; the vertical linear guide rail is arranged on the front side of the upright post, and is movably connected with a saddle which drives a longitudinal ball screw to vertically slide along the vertical direction through a vertical servo motor; the front side of the sliding saddle is provided with a horizontal linear guide rail, a ram is connected onto the horizontal linear guide rail in a sliding manner, and the ram drives a transverse ball screw to slide left and right along the horizontal direction through a horizontal servo motor; the cutter is arranged below the ram through the cutter seat, and the ram and the saddle move in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction under the driving of the servo motor through the ball screw and the linear guide rail, so that the cutter moves according to a pre-programmed program track to finish turning.
Further, the lower cavity of the chip removal machine is a cooling water tank, cooling water is filled in the lower cavity, and the cooling water flows back to the cooling water tank through the material receiving port and the scraper to be recycled.
Furthermore, a movable material receiving trolley is arranged at an outlet of the chip removal machine.
In the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the automatic chip breaking and chip removing single-cutter vertical lathe device for machining the spoke adopts a mode of reciprocating vibration turning of the cutter, is provided with the automatic chip removing machine, has the functions of automatic chip breaking and chip removing, can automatically break cut iron chips into 60-100mm strip-shaped iron chips, and automatically guides the iron chips into the chip removing machine through the inclined table board, thereby solving the problems that the bulk iron chips cannot be automatically discharged, are easy to accumulate and difficult to clean, and cannot realize automatic production. Meanwhile, the full-closed structure, the circulating cooling water and the automatic sliding door are adopted, so that automatic loading and unloading of a robot can be realized, further automatic production is realized, the production efficiency is improved, the labor cost is reduced, and the processing of the wheel spoke central hole, the double-sided chamfer of the central hole, the excircle, the end face and the outer edge chamfer is finished.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art according to the drawings.
Fig. 1 is a front view of an automatic chip breaking and removing spoke processing single-tool vertical lathe device disclosed by the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of the automatic chip breaking and chip removing spoke processing single-tool vertical lathe device disclosed by the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic connection diagram of an asynchronous motor of the automatic chip breaking and chip removing spoke machining single-tool vertical lathe device disclosed by the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a main shaft of the automatic chip breaking and chip removing spoke machining single-tool vertical lathe device disclosed by the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 5 is an external view of a three-speed transmission of the automatic chip breaking and chip removing spoke processing single-tool vertical lathe device disclosed by the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 6 is a view a-a of fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is a view B-B of fig. 5.
Fig. 8 is a front view of the clamp of the automatic chip breaking and chip removing spoke processing single-tool vertical lathe device disclosed by the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 9 is a top view of the clamp of the automatic chip breaking and chip removing spoke processing single-tool vertical lathe device disclosed by the embodiment of the invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1. a bed body; 2. a main shaft; 3. a clamp; 4. a cutter; 5. a cross sliding table; 6. a column; 7. a chip removal machine; 8. a cooling assembly; 9. a protective cover; 10. a material receiving trolley; 11. inclining the table top; 12. a main spindle box; 13. a tapered roller bearing; 14. a deep groove ball bearing; 15. a spiral bevel gear I; 16. a spiral bevel gear II; 17. a piston; 18. a platen; 19. a rotary joint; 20. a box body; 21. a first gear shaft; 22. a second gear shaft; 23. a gear shaft III; 24. a shift lever; 25. a belt; 26. a first belt wheel; 27. a second belt wheel; 28. a transmission gear; 29. a slipping compound gear; 30. 100r/Min gear; 31. 200r/Min gear; 32. 150r/Min gear; 33. a marble; 34. a workpiece; 35. a compression cap; 36. an asynchronous motor; 37. a fixed shaft; 38. a swing plate; 39. adjusting the bolt; 40. a connecting bolt; 41. a support plate; 42. an upper arm; 43. a lower arm; 44. a guide sleeve; 45. a tension bar; 46. Positioning pins; 47. a vertical linear guide rail; 48. a saddle; 49. a vertical servo motor; 50. a longitudinal ball screw; 51. a horizontal linear guide rail; 52. a ram; 53. a horizontal servo motor; 54. a transverse ball screw; 55. a tool apron; 56. a button station; 57. a lubricating device; 58. a material receiving port; 59. a blanking port; 60. a squeegee; 61. a motor; 62. an outlet; 63. a cooling water pump; 64. a cooling water tank; 65. A counterweight pulley support; 66. a pulley; 67. a plate chain; 68. and (4) counterweight iron.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, those skilled in the art will now describe the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1-9;
the invention provides a spoke machining single-tool vertical lathe device capable of automatically breaking and discharging chips, which comprises a lathe body 1, a main shaft 2, a clamp 3, a cutter 4, a cross sliding table 5, a stand column 6, a chip discharging machine 7, a cooling assembly 8, a protective cover 9 and the like, as shown in figures 1 and 2. Wherein:
the lathe bed 1 is a base of the whole device and is of a welding structure, an inclined table board 11 is arranged on the lathe bed, and a spindle box 12 is arranged below the inclined table board.
The main shaft 2 is vertically arranged in a main shaft box 12 as shown in fig. 4, is driven to rotate in a single direction by an asynchronous motor, and adjusts the rotating speed by a three-gear gearbox, and the upper end of an output shaft of the main shaft is positioned above the inclined table board 11; specifically, the main shaft 2, as shown in fig. 3, includes a pair of tapered roller bearings 13 and a deep groove ball bearing 14, is driven by an asynchronous motor 36, is subjected to belt transmission and gearbox speed change, and is finally transmitted to the main shaft 2 by a pair of spiral bevel gears 15 and 16, so that the working stability is ensured. Preferably, the inner cavity of the main shaft 2 is also used as a hydraulic cylinder, the piston 17 pulls the pressure plate 18 of the clamp under the action of hydraulic oil, the tension rod 45 tensions the workpiece, and the hydraulic oil is connected with a hydraulic system through a rotary joint 19 at the lower end of the main shaft. The three-gear transmission, as shown in fig. 5-7, is a mechanism for adjusting the rotation speed of a main shaft, and comprises a case 20, a first gear shaft 21, a second gear shaft 22, a third gear shaft 23 and a third gear shift lever 24, wherein a motor connects a first pulley 26 at the end of the motor shaft with a second pulley 27 of the transmission through a belt 25, the case 20 is provided with 3 sets of gears, wherein the first set is a transmission gear 28, the second set is a sliding composite gear 29 with three different outer diameters, the third set is a gear set with three different outer diameters, which are respectively a 100r/Min gear 30, a 200r/Min gear 31 and a 150r/Min gear 32 and can be matched with the sliding composite gear 29, the sliding composite gear 29 moves on the gear shaft 22 by pushing the gear shift lever 24 to a single position, the gear shift lever 24 is provided with three slots and is fixed by a ball 33 fixed on one side of the case, when the gear lever 24 moves one position, the sliding composite gear 29 is pushed to be meshed with the corresponding rotating speed gear, so that different rotating speeds are obtained, and the output rotating speeds of the main shaft are respectively 100r/Min, 200r/Min and 150 r/Min. The turning machine can be used for turning workpieces with different diameters at different rotating speeds, and is wide in application range. The asynchronous motor 36 is mounted in an inner cavity behind the bed body through a motor base, as shown in fig. 4, the motor base comprises two fixed shafts 37 and a swinging plate 38, two ends of the swinging plate 38 are respectively rotatably connected with the two fixed shafts 37, the distance between the asynchronous motor 36 and the gearbox is adjusted by adjusting the swinging angle of the swinging plate 38, and the swinging plate 38 is fixed by screwing an adjusting bolt 39 to tension the belt.
And the clamp 3 is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the main shaft 2 and is used for clamping the workpiece 34 and rotating along with the main shaft 2. The fixture 5 is centered and positioned by the main shaft 2, and high rotation precision is ensured. Specifically, as shown in fig. 8 and 9, the device comprises a support plate 41, an upper arm 42, a lower arm 43, a pressure plate 18 and a tension rod 45, wherein the support plate 41 is mounted on the upper arm 42 of the fixture and used for supporting the spoke workpiece to realize axial positioning; the bottom of the lower arm 43 forms a lower cavity upwards; the pressure plate 18 is driven by an oil cylinder to move up and down in the lower cavity of the clamp body. The pressure plate 18 is connected with the piston 17 of the oil cylinder through the connecting bolt 40, and the hydraulic oil cylinder is adopted to clamp a workpiece, so that the clamping is reliable and the stability is good. The number of the tension rods 45 is 3, the tension rods are uniformly distributed on the fixture body, each tension rod 45 penetrates through the supporting plate 41, the upper arm 42 and the lower arm 43 respectively, the upper end of each tension rod is provided with an eccentric pressing cap 35 for pressing a workpiece, and the lower end of each tension rod is fixedly connected with the pressing plate 18. In the preferred embodiment, the upper end of the clamp is provided with 3 positioning pins 46, which are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the upper end of the clamp body and are alternately distributed with the tightening rods 45 to perform the angle positioning function. The workpiece 34 is clamped by three positioning pins 46 and a plane of the spoke bottom, three tightening rods 45 with eccentric tightening caps. The cap 35 that compresses tightly of tie rod 45 is higher than locating pin 46, should compress tightly cap dress 35 with the alignment of work piece bolt hole and go into the work piece when the clamping work piece, then with the rotatory angle of work piece with the alignment of other three bolt holes locating pin 46 press the work piece to the backup pad 41 of anchor clamps, when the piston rod draws downwards, eccentric cap 35 that compresses tightly work piece 34 on the backup pad 41 of anchor clamps to guarantee to press from both sides tightly reliably, positioning accuracy is high, can process at this moment. After the machining is finished, when the workpiece is unloaded, the operation sequence is opposite to that during clamping, when the eccentric pressing cap loosens the workpiece, the workpiece is lifted away from the positioning pin, then the workpiece is rotated by an angle to be aligned with the eccentric pressing cap, and the workpiece is separated from the clamp. In order to facilitate the upward and downward movement of the tension rod 45 carried by the pressure plate 18, as a preferred embodiment, 3 pairs of tension rod guide sleeves 44 are respectively embedded in corresponding positions inside the upper arm 42 and the lower arm 43, and the tension rod 45 is installed in the tension rod guide sleeves 44 and is driven by the pressure plate 18 to move up and down along the tension rod guide sleeves 44.
The cutter 4 is positioned above the workpiece 34, and as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the cutter 4 is driven by the cross sliding table 5 to move along the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, so that the turning mode of the cutter 4 is reciprocating vibration turning, the vibration frequency is 2.0-3.0Hz, and the vibration amplitude is 0.5-1.0 mm.
The cross sliding table 5 is arranged above the bed body 1 through a vertical column 6 as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, a counterweight block pulley support 65 is arranged at the upper part of the vertical column 6, and two groups of pulleys 66 are respectively connected with the cross sliding table 5 and a counterweight iron 68 positioned in an inner cavity of the vertical column through a plate type chain 67; the cross sliding table 5 is a cast iron rectangular sliding table, so that the rigidity of the sliding table is guaranteed, sliding parts are mutually ground by adopting a scraping process, and the precision of the sliding table is guaranteed. Specifically, the cross slide table 5 includes linear guide rails perpendicular to each other; wherein, the vertical linear guide rail 47 is arranged at the front side of the upright post 6, the vertical linear guide rail 47 is movably connected with a saddle 48, and the saddle 48 drives a longitudinal ball screw 50 to vertically slide through a vertical servo motor 49; the front side of the sliding saddle 48 is provided with a horizontal linear guide rail 51, the horizontal linear guide rail 51 is connected with a ram 52 in a sliding way, and the ram 52 drives a transverse ball screw 54 to slide left and right in the horizontal direction through a horizontal servo motor 53; the cutter 4 is arranged below the ram 52 through a cutter seat 55, and the ram 52 and the saddle 48 are driven by a servo motor to move in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction through a ball screw and a linear guide rail, so that the cutter 4 moves according to a pre-programmed program track to complete the processing of the spoke center hole, the upper chamfer and the lower chamfer thereof, the end surface, the excircle and the outer edge chamfer thereof.
The tool 4 is extendable and retractable within the tool holder 55 in order to adjust the height of the tool holder 55. The cutter uses a mechanically-clamped hard alloy cutter and a indexable mechanically-clamped blade, and has high precision and high performance. When the blade is replaced or the blade is rotated, the cutter does not need to be reset in general, the time for sharpening and setting the cutter can be saved, and the labor productivity is improved. The automatic chip breaking function of the cutter 4 is realized by controlling the servo motor through a numerical control system, and the whole process can be automatically circulated and debugged in a single step by adopting a Huazhong numerical control system and a PLC control technology. The operation of the servo motor can realize a reciprocating vibration state by changing the parameters of the numerical control system, and the vibration phenomenon is represented by … times that the cutter contacts the workpiece for 2 times, 2.5 times and 3 times when the workpiece rotates for one circle. The vibration amplitude can be adjusted by adjusting parameters, the vibration amplitude is large, namely the cutting amount is large, and the vibration amplitude is small, namely the cutting amount is small. Therefore, the requirement of automatic chip breaking can be realized by adjusting the vibration frequency and the vibration amplitude. Experimental data show that when the main shaft rotates at a speed of 200r/Min, the feeding amount is 50mm/Min, the vibration frequency is 2.5Hz, and the vibration amplitude is 0.5mm, the chip breaking effect is strip-shaped iron chips, the length is 60-100mm, and the effect is optimal.
In addition, a button station 56 is installed on one side of the bed 1, and is installed on an operation panel as a numerical control operation center of the device for sudden stop and cycle start. The other side of the upright 6 can be provided with a lubricating device 57, such as an oil box, which can supply lubricating oil to the sliding table guide rail, thereby prolonging the service life of the screw rod and the guide rail.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, a receiving port 58 of the chip removal machine 7 is connected with the inclined table-board 11, and is specifically located below the blanking port 59, and after the scrap iron automatically slides down the chip removal machine 7, the scrap iron is discharged out of the machine tool by a scraper 60 of the chip removal machine 7 through the driving of a motor 61; in order to clean waste materials conveniently, in a preferred embodiment, a movable receiving trolley 10 is arranged at the outlet 62 of the chip removal machine 7.
The cooling assembly 8 sprays cooling water onto the cutter through a cooling water pump 63 and a pipeline, so that the cutter is cooled and lubricated, the surface cutting quality can be effectively improved, and the service life of the cutter is greatly prolonged; specifically, in order to improve the space utilization rate, the lower cavity of the chip removal machine 7 is a cooling water tank 64, cooling water is filled in the cooling water tank 64, and the cooling water sequentially flows back to the cooling water tank 64 through the material receiving port 58 and the scraper 60 to be recycled.
The protection casing 9, its front side is equipped with automatic push-and-pull door for go up unloading of work piece, and other positions adopt totally enclosed, improve the security performance.
In addition, in the lubricating system, two tapered roller bearings on the upper part of the main shaft are lubricated by No. 2 lithium base grease, and lubricating grease is injected into a marble oil cup at the upper end of a bearing seat by an oil gun to enter the bearings once per week. The lower bearing and the transmission gear of the main shaft are lubricated by L-AN46 mechanical oil, and lubricating oil is injected from AN oil filling port outside the lathe bed. The ball screw and the guide rail of the cross sliding table adopt centralized lubrication and the like. In the electric system, the motor and the control box are provided with overheating and overcurrent protection devices and ventilation and heat dissipation devices. The device is provided with a security lighting system. Intermediate relays are adopted between the PLC output port and each execution element.
The invention provides a spoke processing single-tool vertical lathe device capable of automatically breaking and discharging chips, which comprises the following process steps:
the manual or the robot puts the workpiece on the clamp → the robot or the manual quit → the protective door is automatically closed → the hydraulic system automatically clamps the workpiece → the main shaft rotates → the X shaft, the Z shaft sliding table fast forwards in place → the X shaft, the Z shaft sliding table fast forwards in the outer circle of the turned spoke → the X shaft, the Z shaft sliding table fast forwards in the end face of the turned spoke and the chamfer → the X shaft, the Z shaft sliding table fast forwards in the center hole turning station → the X shaft, the Z shaft sliding table fast forwards in the center hole of the turned spoke and the chamfer → the X shaft, the Z shaft sliding table returns in place after the turning is finished → the main shaft stops → the clamp is automatically released → the protective door is automatically opened → the manual or.
The automatic chip breaking and chip removing single-cutter vertical lathe device for machining the spoke adopts a mode of reciprocating vibration turning of the cutter, is provided with the automatic chip removing machine, has the functions of automatic chip breaking and chip removing, can automatically break cut iron chips into 60-100mm strip-shaped iron chips, and can automatically guide the iron chips into the chip removing machine through the inclined table board. Meanwhile, the automatic feeding and discharging device adopts a fully-closed structure, circulating cooling water and an automatic sliding door, and can realize automatic feeding and discharging of a robot, so that automatic production is realized.
While certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described above by way of illustration only, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that the described embodiments may be modified in various different ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the drawings and description are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an automatic spoke processing single-tool merry go round machine device of chip breaking, chip removal which characterized in that includes:
the lathe bed is provided with an inclined table board, and a spindle box is arranged below the inclined table board;
the main shaft is vertically arranged in the main shaft box, is driven to rotate in a single direction by an asynchronous motor, and is adjusted in rotating speed by a three-gear gearbox, and the upper end of an output shaft of the main shaft is positioned above the inclined table board;
the clamp is fixedly connected with the upper end of the main shaft, is positioned by the central hole and the end face, tensions the workpiece through the tension rod, and is driven by the main shaft to rotate in the horizontal plane;
the cutter is positioned above the workpiece and driven by the cross sliding table to move along the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, the turning mode of the cutter is reciprocating vibration turning, the vibration frequency is 2.0-3.0Hz, and the vibration amplitude is 0.5-1.0 mm;
the cross sliding table is arranged above the lathe bed through a stand column, the upper part of the stand column is provided with a counterweight block pulley support, and two groups of pulleys are respectively connected with the cross sliding table and a counterweight iron positioned in the inner cavity of the stand column through plate-type chains;
the scrap discharging machine is characterized in that a material receiving port of the scrap discharging machine is connected with the inclined table board, and after scrap iron automatically slides down the scrap discharging machine, the scrap iron is discharged out of the machine tool through a scraper of the scrap discharging machine under the driving of a motor;
the cooling assembly sprays cooling water onto the cutter through a cooling water pump to realize cooling and lubrication of the cutter;
and the front side of the protective cover is provided with an automatic sliding door for loading and unloading workpieces, and other parts are totally enclosed.
2. The automatic chip breaking and chip removing spoke processing single-tool vertical lathe device according to claim 1, wherein the three-gear transmission case comprises a case body, three gear shafts and a three-gear shift lever, the motor connects the belt wheel at the end of the motor shaft with the belt wheel of the transmission case through a belt, the case body is internally provided with 3 groups of gears, wherein, the first group is a transmission gear, the second group is a sliding composite gear with three different outer diameters, the third group is a gear group with three different outer diameters, namely a 100r/Min gear, a 200r/Min gear and a 150r/Min gear which can be matched with the sliding composite gear, the sliding composite gear moves on the gear shaft by pushing the shift lever at a single position, the shift lever is provided with three clamping grooves, and the shift lever moves at one position by fixing a marble fixing position at one side of the case body, the pushing slip composite gear is meshed with a corresponding rotating speed gear to obtain different rotating speeds, and the output rotating speeds of the main shaft are 100r/Min, 150r/Min and 200r/Min respectively.
3. A single-tool vertical lathe device for automatically breaking and removing chips and chips of a spoke machining according to claim 1, wherein the main shaft comprises a pair of tapered roller bearings and a deep groove ball bearing support, is driven by an asynchronous motor, is subjected to speed change through a belt transmission and a gearbox, and is finally transmitted to the main shaft through a pair of spiral bevel gears.
4. The automatic chip-breaking and chip-removing spoke machining single-tool vertical lathe device according to claim 1, wherein the motor is mounted in an inner cavity at the back of the lathe bed through a motor base, the motor base comprises two fixed shafts and a swinging plate, two ends of the swinging plate are respectively and rotatably connected with the two fixed shafts, the distance between the main motor and the gearbox is adjusted by adjusting the swinging angle of the swinging plate, and then the swinging plate is fixed by screwing an adjusting bolt so as to tension a belt.
5. An automatic chip breaking and chip removing single-tool vertical turning device for machining spokes according to claim 1, wherein an inner cavity of the main shaft is used as a hydraulic cylinder, a piston pulls a pressure plate of a clamp under the action of hydraulic oil, a tension rod tensions a workpiece, and the hydraulic oil is connected with a hydraulic system through a rotary joint at the lower end of the main shaft.
6. A single-tool vertical lathe device for automatically breaking and discharging chips and a spoke according to claim 5, wherein the clamp comprises a supporting plate, an upper arm, a lower arm, a pressure plate and a tension rod, wherein the supporting plate is arranged on the upper arm of the clamp body and used for supporting a spoke workpiece to realize axial positioning; the bottom of the lower arm forms a lower cavity upwards; the pressure plate is driven by the oil cylinder to move up and down in the lower cavity of the clamp body; the number of the tension rods is 3, the tension rods are uniformly distributed on the clamp body, each tension rod penetrates through the support plate, the upper arm and the lower arm respectively, the upper end of each tension rod is provided with an eccentric pressing cap used for pressing a workpiece, and the lower end of each tension rod is fixedly connected with the pressure plate.
7. The automatic chip-breaking and chip-removing single-tool vertical turning device for machining the spoke according to claim 6, wherein 3 positioning pins are mounted at the upper end of the clamp, are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the upper end of the clamp body, and are alternately distributed with the tension rod to play a role in positioning angles.
8. The automatic chip breaking and chip removing spoke machining single-tool vertical lathe device according to claim 1, wherein the cross sliding table comprises linear guide rails which are perpendicular to each other; the vertical linear guide rail is arranged on the front side of the upright post, and is movably connected with a saddle which drives a longitudinal ball screw to vertically slide along the vertical direction through a vertical servo motor; the front side of the sliding saddle is provided with a horizontal linear guide rail, a ram is connected onto the horizontal linear guide rail in a sliding manner, and the ram drives a transverse ball screw to slide left and right along the horizontal direction through a horizontal servo motor; the cutter is arranged below the ram through the cutter seat, and the ram and the saddle move in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction under the driving of the servo motor through the ball screw and the linear guide rail, so that the cutter moves according to a pre-programmed program track to finish turning.
9. The automatic chip-breaking and chip-removing spoke machining single-cutter vertical lathe device according to claim 1, wherein a lower cavity of the chip removing machine is a cooling water tank, cooling water is filled in the cooling water tank, and the cooling water sequentially flows back to the cooling water tank through a material receiving port and a scraper and is recovered.
10. The automatic chip-breaking and chip-removing spoke machining single-tool vertical lathe device according to claim 1, wherein a movable material receiving trolley is arranged at an outlet of the chip removing machine.
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| CN202011327001.9A CN112453436A (en) | 2020-11-24 | 2020-11-24 | Automatic spoke processing single-tool vertical lathe device of chip breaking, chip removal |
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| CN202011327001.9A CN112453436A (en) | 2020-11-24 | 2020-11-24 | Automatic spoke processing single-tool vertical lathe device of chip breaking, chip removal |
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| CN202011327001.9A Pending CN112453436A (en) | 2020-11-24 | 2020-11-24 | Automatic spoke processing single-tool vertical lathe device of chip breaking, chip removal |
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