CN112434454B - Array antenna embedded integrated design method based on angular reflection effect - Google Patents
Array antenna embedded integrated design method based on angular reflection effect Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112434454B CN112434454B CN202011271843.7A CN202011271843A CN112434454B CN 112434454 B CN112434454 B CN 112434454B CN 202011271843 A CN202011271843 A CN 202011271843A CN 112434454 B CN112434454 B CN 112434454B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- array antenna
- antenna
- frustum
- size
- inclination angle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
- G06F30/23—Design optimisation, verification or simulation using finite element methods [FEM] or finite difference methods [FDM]
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/10—Geometric CAD
- G06F30/17—Mechanical parametric or variational design
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Evolutionary Computation (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Pure & Applied Mathematics (AREA)
- Mathematical Optimization (AREA)
- Mathematical Analysis (AREA)
- Computational Mathematics (AREA)
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
- Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an array antenna embedded integrated design method based on an angular reflection effect, which comprises the following steps: 1) adopting a finite element full-wave electromagnetic algorithm to simulate and analyze the radiation characteristics of the E surface and the H surface of the phased array antenna to obtain a radiation pattern; 2) a rectangular metal bottom plate for controlling backward radiation of the array antenna is arranged below the phased array antenna; 3) designing initial values of a cone table type antenna installation aperture and a cone table inclination angle according to the physical size, the radiation characteristic, the array antenna beam scanning angle range and the embedding integration depth of the array antenna; 4) and carrying out integrated radiation characteristic simulation on the array antenna and the frustum type embedded integrated mounting aperture, and adjusting and optimizing the mounting aperture size and the frustum inclination angle of the frustum type antenna according to a radiation characteristic simulation result. The array antenna adopts an embedded integration design, realizes perfect conformal integration of the array antenna and the mounting platform, and improves the gain of the array antenna.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to electromagnetic compatibility and antenna technology, in particular to an embedded integrated design method of an array antenna based on an angular reflection effect.
Background
With the increasing maturity of phased array antenna technology, the cost is greatly reduced, and the phased array antenna has the advantages of fast beam scanning, convenient beam forming, convenient conformal integration with an installation platform and the like, and is widely used as a transmitting and receiving antenna of communication, radar and navigation equipment of platforms such as special vehicles and ships.
The technology related to the conformal integration of the phased array antenna on the mounting platform mainly comprises a phased array antenna design technology and an array antenna conformal integrated mounting aperture design technology. For the design technology of the phased array antenna, firstly, according to the requirements of gain and beam shape of the array antenna, an array antenna comprehensive method is adopted to obtain the arrangement form of array elements of the array antenna, and the excitation amplitude and phase of the array elements; and then, establishing a phased array antenna radiation model by adopting numerical simulation methods such as finite element and moment method, optimizing the arrangement size of array elements of the array antenna, and the excitation amplitude and phase of the array elements to obtain the array antenna radiation characteristic meeting the requirement. For the design technology of the conformal integrated installation aperture of the array antenna, on the basis of designing the phased array antenna, the shape and the size of the integrated installation antenna aperture of the installation platform are designed, so that the original radiation characteristic of the phased array antenna can still be kept after the phased array antenna is conformally integrated and installed on the platform, or the radiation characteristic deterioration is controlled within an acceptable engineering range.
The design method for embedded conformal integration of the array antenna based on the angular reflection effect changes the design mode of the traditional passive conformal integration of the array antenna on an installation platform, and converts the conformal integration problem of the array antenna into the design problem of the angular reflector antenna, so that the radiation characteristic is not deteriorated but improved after the embedded conformal integration of the array antenna on the platform is realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an array antenna embedded integrated design method based on the angular reflection effect, aiming at the defects in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: an array antenna embedded integrated design method based on an angular reflection effect comprises the following steps:
1) adopting a finite element full-wave electromagnetic algorithm to simulate and analyze the radiation characteristics of the E surface and the H surface of the phased array antenna to obtain a radiation pattern;
2) a rectangular metal bottom plate for controlling backward radiation of the array antenna is arranged below the phased array antenna;
3) designing the bottom size of the mounting aperture of the frustum type antenna and the size of the inclination angle of the frustum according to the physical size (including the length, the width and the height of the array antenna), the radiation characteristic, the beam scanning angle range of the array antenna and the embedding integration depth (the distance between the top end of the array antenna and the mounting aperture surface of the frustum type antenna);
the physical dimensions of the array antenna include the length, width and height of the array antenna;
the embedding integration depth of the array antenna is the distance between the top end of the array antenna and the diameter surface of the frustum type antenna mounting hole;
4) and carrying out integrated radiation characteristic simulation of the array antenna and the frustum type embedded integrated mounting aperture, and adjusting and optimizing the bottom size of the mounting aperture of the frustum type antenna and the inclination angle of the frustum according to the radiation characteristic simulation result of the array antenna.
According to the scheme, the initial value of the mounting aperture of the frustum-shaped antenna in the step 3) is determined according to the step 2), and the size of the array antenna with better radiation characteristic is obtained by using the rectangular floor below the array antenna as the initial size of the bottom of the mounting aperture of the frustum-shaped antenna;
according to the scheme, the initial value of the frustum inclination angle in the step 3) is calculated by selecting that the main beam of the maximum scanning angle of the array antenna is not shielded by the top of the mounting aperture of the frustum antenna according to the physical size (including the length, the width and the height of the array antenna), the beam scanning angle range of the array antenna and the embedding integration depth (the distance between the top end of the array antenna and the mounting aperture surface of the frustum antenna).
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. converting the passive conformal integration design problem of the array antenna into an active embedded integration design problem of the corner reflector array antenna;
2. the radiation characteristic of the array antenna after the embedded integrated design is improved, and the gain of the array antenna is improved to a certain extent.
3. The array antenna adopts an embedded integration design, and perfect conformal integration of the array antenna and the mounting platform is realized.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a mirror image analysis of a frustum-shaped corner reflector antenna according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a top and side view of an array antenna with a rectangular metal floor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an E-plane and H-plane radiation pattern of an array antenna with a rectangular metal floor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top and side view of an array antenna with a frustum-shaped antenna mounting aperture according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 5 is an E-plane and H-plane radiation pattern of an array antenna with a frustum-shaped antenna mounting aperture according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
An array antenna embedded integrated design method based on an angular reflection effect comprises the following steps:
1) simulating and analyzing E-plane and H-plane radiation patterns of the phased array antenna by adopting a finite element full-wave electromagnetic algorithm;
the finite element full-wave electromagnetic algorithm adopts the tetrahedral mesh, so that a complex structure and a multi-material calculation object can be accurately simulated, and the E-surface and H-surface radiation characteristics of the array antenna can be accurately simulated and analyzed.
2) According to the physical dimensions (including length, width and height) of the array antenna, radiation characteristics, the beam scanning angle range of the array antenna and the embedding integration depth, a design method of the corner reflector antenna is adopted to design the installation aperture of the frustum type antenna and the initial size of the frustum inclination angle. The frustum-shaped antenna mounting aperture is similar to the reflecting plate of a corner reflector antenna, so that the frustum-embedded conformal integrated design of the array antenna can be converted into a frustum-shaped corner reflector array antenna design. A schematic view of a frustum-type corner reflector antenna is shown in fig. 1.
The analysis of the corner reflector antenna at any angle includes the integral of the cylindrical function, and the solution needs to be calculated numerically by a computer. Several angle-specific corner reflector antenna gain calculation formulas are given below:
1. when the angle of the corner reflector is 90 °, the gain G of the corner reflector antenna is:
wherein R is 11 Is the self-impedance of the excited cell, R 1L Is the equivalent loss resistance, R, of the excited cell 12 Is the mutual impedance of cell 1 and cell 2, R 14 Is the mutual impedance of cell 1 and cell 4, S r The electrical distance from the vertex of the included angle to each unit, S is the distance from the vertex of the included angle to each unit, and lambda is the wavelength corresponding to the calculated frequency.
2. When the angle of the corner reflector is 180 °, the gain G of the corner reflector antenna is:
wherein R is 11 Is the self-impedance of the excited cell, R 1L Is the equivalent loss resistance, R, of the excited cell 12 Is the mutual impedance of cell 1 and cell 2, S r Is the electrical distance from the apex of the angle to each cell.
3) And carrying out simulation optimization design on the integrated radiation characteristic of the array antenna and the frustum type embedded integrated mounting aperture, and optimizing the size of the mounting aperture of the frustum type antenna, the inclination angle of the frustum and the depth of the frustum, so that the radiation characteristic of the array antenna is improved or the deterioration degree is controlled after the array antenna is embedded and conformally integrated on the platform.
Based on the angular reflection effect, the array antenna adopts a geometric structure of a frustum embedded integration design as shown in fig. 4, the array antenna is embedded and integrated in the aperture of the frustum antenna, and after the antenna housing is installed on the array antenna, the outer surface of the antenna housing and an integrated installation surface are positioned on the same surface, so that the array antenna and the installation surface are perfectly conformal. Based on the angular reflection effect, the embedded integrated design implementation steps of the array antenna are as follows:
firstly, simulating and analyzing E-plane and H-plane radiation patterns of the array antenna by adopting a finite element full-wave electromagnetic algorithm.
In this embodiment, 3 × 3 symmetric sub-array antennas are selected, and the array element spacing X is in the X-axis direction 1 Is 0.75 lambda (lambda is the wavelength of 3GHz corresponding to vacuum, and the length is 100mm), and the array element spacing Y in the Y-axis direction 1 Is 0.5 lambda. In order to control the backward radiation of the array antenna, a rectangular metal floor of 300mm × 200mm is disposed 0.25 λ below the array antenna, as shown in fig. 2. Fig. 3 shows the E-plane and H-plane radiation patterns of the array antenna, with a gain of 16.6dB, a half-power lobe width at the E-plane of 22 °, and a half-power lobe width at the H-plane of 34 °.
Then, according to relevant constraint factors (physical size radiation characteristics of the array antenna, beam scanning angle range of the array antenna, and embedded integration depth), the installation aperture of the frustum-shaped antenna and the initial size of the inclination angle of the frustum are designed, and the installation aperture of the frustum-shaped antenna is as shown in fig. 4.
Considering that the distance between the antenna housing and the array antenna is generally between 0.5 lambda and lambda, in order to realize that the outer surface of the antenna housing and the installation aperture of the antenna are completely coplanar after the antenna housing is additionally arranged on the array antenna, the embedding depth H of the array antenna is selected 1 Is lambda. The bottom size of the mounting aperture of the frustum type antenna is set to be 300mm multiplied by 200mm according to the size of the rectangular metal floor, the distance between the array antenna and the bottom surface of the mounting aperture of the frustum type antenna is 0.25 lambda, and the antenna beam scanning ranges of the array antenna on the XZ surface and the YZ surface are +/-30 degrees, so that the scanning beam scanning range of the array antenna on the side surface of the frustum is reducedThe initial inclination angle β of the frustum is therefore chosen to be 95 °.
And finally, carrying out simulation optimization design on the integrated radiation characteristic of the array antenna and the frustum embedded mounting aperture, and optimizing the inclination angle beta of the frustum type antenna mounting aperture.
In this embodiment, when the inclination angle β is 120 °, after the array antenna is embedded and conformally integrated on the platform, the radiation characteristic of the array antenna is not deteriorated, but can be improved. Fig. 5 shows the E-plane and H-plane radiation patterns of the array antenna, the gain of the array antenna is 18.6dB, the E-plane half-power lobe width is 23 °, the H-plane half-power lobe width is 22 °, the gain is increased by about 2dB relative to the array antenna with the rectangular floor, the E-plane half-power lobe width remains substantially unchanged, and the H-plane half-power lobe width is narrowed by about 12 °. The larger the gain of the array antenna, the more helpful the device to detect more distant objects or increase communication distance.
If the inclination angle is optimized and a better radiation characteristic still needs to be obtained, the size of the bottom of the mounting aperture of the frustum-shaped antenna is adjusted to obtain the size of the bottom of the mounting aperture of the frustum-shaped antenna corresponding to the optimal radiation characteristic at the inclination angle, and then the process is circulated until the change of the radiation characteristic is converged.
It will be understood that modifications and variations can be made by persons skilled in the art in light of the above teachings and all such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. An embedded integrated design method of an array antenna based on an angular reflection effect is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) adopting a finite element full-wave electromagnetic algorithm to simulate and analyze the radiation characteristics of the E surface and the H surface of the phased array antenna to obtain a radiation pattern;
2) a rectangular metal bottom plate for controlling backward radiation of the array antenna is arranged below the phased array antenna;
3) designing the bottom size of the mounting aperture of the frustum type antenna and the size of the inclination angle of the frustum according to the physical size, the radiation characteristic, the array antenna beam scanning angle range and the embedding integration depth of the array antenna;
the physical dimensions of the array antenna include the length, width and height of the array antenna;
the embedding integration depth of the array antenna is the distance between the top end of the array antenna and the diameter surface of the frustum type antenna mounting hole;
4) and carrying out integrated radiation characteristic simulation on the array antenna and the frustum type embedded integrated mounting aperture, and adjusting and optimizing the bottom size of the frustum type antenna mounting aperture and the frustum inclination angle according to the radiation characteristic simulation result of the array antenna.
2. The embedded integrated design method of the array antenna based on the angular reflection effect according to claim 1, wherein after the antenna cover is additionally installed on the array antenna according to the embedded integrated depth in the step 3), the outer surface of the antenna cover and the installation aperture of the antenna are completely coplanar and set.
3. The embedded integrated design method for array antenna based on angular reflection effect of claim 1, wherein the initial value of the frustum-shaped antenna installation aperture in step 3) is set as follows: and according to the size of the rectangular metal floor below the array antenna, taking the size as the initial size of the bottom of the mounting aperture of the frustum type antenna.
4. The embedded integrated design method of array antenna based on angular reflection effect according to claim 1, wherein the initial value of the frustum inclination angle in step 3) is set as follows: according to the physical size of the array antenna, the beam scanning angle range of the array antenna and the embedding integration depth, the main beam of the maximum scanning angle of the array antenna is not shielded by the top of the mounting aperture of the frustum type antenna to be restrained, and the initial value of the inclination angle of the frustum is set.
5. The embedded integrated design method of array antenna based on angular reflection effect according to claim 1, wherein the dimension of the bottom of the installation aperture of the frustum-shaped antenna and the inclination angle of the frustum are adjusted and optimized according to the simulation result of the radiation characteristic of the array antenna in the step 4), specifically as follows: and adjusting the inclination angle of the frustum according to the radiation characteristic simulation result of the array antenna to obtain the inclination angle of the frustum corresponding to the optimal radiation characteristic under the size of the bottom of the installation aperture of the frustum antenna, if the inclination angle of the frustum is optimized and the radiation characteristic requirement is not met, adjusting the size of the bottom of the installation aperture of the frustum antenna to obtain the size of the bottom of the installation aperture of the frustum antenna corresponding to the optimal radiation characteristic under the inclination angle, and then circulating the process until the change of the radiation characteristic is converged.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011271843.7A CN112434454B (en) | 2020-11-13 | 2020-11-13 | Array antenna embedded integrated design method based on angular reflection effect |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011271843.7A CN112434454B (en) | 2020-11-13 | 2020-11-13 | Array antenna embedded integrated design method based on angular reflection effect |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112434454A CN112434454A (en) | 2021-03-02 |
| CN112434454B true CN112434454B (en) | 2022-08-02 |
Family
ID=74700062
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011271843.7A Active CN112434454B (en) | 2020-11-13 | 2020-11-13 | Array antenna embedded integrated design method based on angular reflection effect |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN112434454B (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102544762A (en) * | 2012-01-17 | 2012-07-04 | 陕西海通天线有限责任公司 | Omnidirectional short-wave high-gain antenna array suitable for use over near, middle and far communication distances |
| CN106207424A (en) * | 2016-07-06 | 2016-12-07 | 东南大学 | A kind of passive circular polarisation is from recalling antenna array |
| CN108767445A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2018-11-06 | 北京神舟博远科技有限公司 | Reconfigurable multifunctional antenna based on distributed directly drive array |
| CN109755763A (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2019-05-14 | 西南电子技术研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所） | S/Ku double frequency Shared aperture linear polarization phase-array scanning antenna |
| CN110534902A (en) * | 2019-06-03 | 2019-12-03 | 中国舰船研究设计中心 | With the massive phased array antenna radiation characteristics analysis method for selecting antenna house frequently |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20070058686A1 (en) * | 2005-08-16 | 2007-03-15 | Federico Capasso | Active optical antenna |
-
2020
- 2020-11-13 CN CN202011271843.7A patent/CN112434454B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102544762A (en) * | 2012-01-17 | 2012-07-04 | 陕西海通天线有限责任公司 | Omnidirectional short-wave high-gain antenna array suitable for use over near, middle and far communication distances |
| CN106207424A (en) * | 2016-07-06 | 2016-12-07 | 东南大学 | A kind of passive circular polarisation is from recalling antenna array |
| CN108767445A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2018-11-06 | 北京神舟博远科技有限公司 | Reconfigurable multifunctional antenna based on distributed directly drive array |
| CN109755763A (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2019-05-14 | 西南电子技术研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所） | S/Ku double frequency Shared aperture linear polarization phase-array scanning antenna |
| CN110534902A (en) * | 2019-06-03 | 2019-12-03 | 中国舰船研究设计中心 | With the massive phased array antenna radiation characteristics analysis method for selecting antenna house frequently |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 频选天线罩对阵列天线波束扫描特性影响分析;奚秀娟等;《中国舰船研究》;20200430;第15卷(第2期);全文 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN112434454A (en) | 2021-03-02 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN111326854B (en) | Preparation method of focusing super-surface reflection array antenna | |
| Qian et al. | MilliMirror: 3D printed reflecting surface for millimeter-wave coverage expansion | |
| Nguyen et al. | 94 GHz folded Fresnel reflector using C-patch elements | |
| KR20220131340A (en) | Reflective Array Antenna for Enhanced Wireless Communication Coverage Area | |
| CN105762528A (en) | High-aperture efficiency reflect array antenna | |
| CN115081325B (en) | Lens antenna multi-objective optimization method based on particle swarm and genetic hybrid algorithm | |
| CN111276822B (en) | Antenna pattern main lobe controllable antenna array design method | |
| CN113239490B (en) | Modeling method of microwave conformal antenna | |
| CN108682968B (en) | Single-feed three-beam low-RCS super-surface included angle reflector antenna | |
| CN112434454B (en) | Array antenna embedded integrated design method based on angular reflection effect | |
| Pfeiffer et al. | An UWB hemispherical Vivaldi array | |
| Suárez et al. | Experimental validation of linear aperiodic array for grating lobe suppression | |
| CN103594791B (en) | Metamaterial board, reflector antenna system and reflection of electromagnetic wave control method | |
| Craeye et al. | Element pattern analysis of wide-band arrays with the help of a finite-by-infinite array approach | |
| Granet et al. | Reflectarray compact antenna test range concept | |
| Azhar et al. | A dual-polarized tapered slot antenna for UAV-based collection of locally coherent field data | |
| Kozieł et al. | Suppressing side-lobes of linear phased array of micro-strip antennas with simulation-based optimization | |
| CN110532631B (en) | 6G communication antenna array element position tolerance determination method based on channel capacity sensitivity | |
| KR102555902B1 (en) | Phase calculation method of conformal array | |
| Koziel et al. | Simulation-driven design of broadband antennas using surrogate-based optimization | |
| KR101662109B1 (en) | Array antenna having aperture in waveguide for using electromagnetic simulation | |
| CN117634115B (en) | Miniaturized antenna array method | |
| CN216251154U (en) | Reflecting unit loaded with phase delay line and reflective array antenna | |
| Ogurtsov et al. | Suppressing Side-Lobes of Linear Phased Array of Micro-Strip Antennas with Simulation-Based Optimization | |
| Wang | Advanced transmitarrays and their beam scanning for future wireless communications |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |