CN111326854B - Preparation method of focusing super-surface reflection array antenna - Google Patents

Preparation method of focusing super-surface reflection array antenna Download PDF

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CN111326854B
CN111326854B CN202010275260.5A CN202010275260A CN111326854B CN 111326854 B CN111326854 B CN 111326854B CN 202010275260 A CN202010275260 A CN 202010275260A CN 111326854 B CN111326854 B CN 111326854B
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CN111326854A (en
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文瑶
保荣
刘纯亮
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Xian Jiaotong University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/02—Waveguide horns
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/14—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/0087—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing antenna arrays

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Abstract

The invention discloses a focusing super-surface reflection array antenna and a preparation method thereof, the reflection array antenna consists of a feed horn and 3600 phase shift units, a complex feed network is not needed, the manufacturing process is simple, the processing cost is low, and the array is a plane and is easy to disassemble and transport. The unit patch consists of a square and a concentric square ring, the phase shift compensation range is large, and the phase shift is insensitive to processing errors. Meanwhile, the phase shift unit has high area utilization rate, good reflection characteristic and low loss; and multi-point focusing is adopted on the axis, so that the antenna maintains higher transmission efficiency in a long distance. Finally, the energy transmission efficiency within the range of 10m reaches more than 45 percent, and the method is suitable for popularization and application in the field of microwave wireless energy transmission.

Description

Preparation method of focusing super-surface reflection array antenna
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of wireless energy transmission, and particularly relates to a focusing super-surface reflection array antenna and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the development of science and technology and the progress of times, the traditional wired power transmission mode cannot meet the living needs of people. Therefore, the realization of wireless energy transmission (WPT) enables the application of electric energy to human beings to be wider and more flexible. According to different transmission mechanisms, microwave wireless power transmission can be used for far-field radiation for long-distance transmission, but the far-field distance loss of the system exists due to divergence of a transmitting beam. With Near Field Focusing (NFF), it is theoretically possible to focus the electromagnetic wave from the emission source at a certain point in the near field region of the antenna radiation, thereby avoiding unnecessary energy loss due to beam divergence. NFF has been implemented with various antenna structures, such as parabolic antennas, lens antennas, phased array antennas, and the like. However, the difficulty of parabolic antenna processing, the complexity of phased array antenna processing and the large loss of TR components have hindered the development of NFF for WPT. The phase of each unit is adjusted through a periodic or sub-wavelength electromagnetic non-periodic arrangement structure on the super surface, beam direction control is achieved, energy is focused on one point in a near field region, and wireless energy transmission efficiency is greatly improved.
The method comprises the steps of firstly determining a unit structure of a reflective array antenna, selecting the size and the unit interval of the reflective array antenna, then selecting the positions of a feed source and a focus, irradiating electromagnetic waves emitted by the feed source onto the reflective array antenna, then calculating a compensation phase of each reflective array antenna unit according to a formula, adjusting the size of the reflective array antenna unit to meet the compensation phase, and realizing expected focusing. The method has the following defects: 1. the metal patch on the dielectric plate is a three-vibrator, and when the metal patch covers the dielectric plate, the utilization rate of the unit area of the phase shift unit is not high. 2. The antenna designed by the method cannot realize long-distance high-efficiency energy transmission due to the size and the arrangement of the focus.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to a focusing super-surface reflection array antenna and a method for manufacturing the same, so as to solve the above-mentioned problems.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a focusing super-surface reflection array antenna comprises a feed horn and a super-surface reflection array; the feed horn antenna adopts a waveguide feed mode, and a horn opening belongs to a pyramid horn antenna; a horn antenna bias feed located at (x ═ 0, y ═ Htan theta%0,z＝H)，θ0Is the horn offset angle, H is the feed height; the super surface reflection array is a square formed by a plurality of phase shifting units, and the distance between the phase shifting units of the super surface reflection array is d.
Furthermore, the phase shift unit comprises an array element patch, a dielectric substrate, a ground plane and an air layer; the array element patch comprises a square patch and an annular patch, the dielectric substrate is arranged below the array element patch, and the ground plane is arranged at the lowest part of the phase shift unit; the air layer is disposed between the dielectric substrate and the ground plane.
Furthermore, the ratio of the length of the square patch to the length of the annular patch is s, the value range is 0< s <1, the ratio of the width of the annular patch to the length is q, and the value range is 0< q < 1; the dielectric substrate is made of Rogers 5880, and the thickness is t; the air layer thickness is g.
Furthermore, the phase characteristics of the phase shift unit are simulated by periodic Floquet boundary conditions in HFSS, and the electric field is along the y direction, and the incident wave angle is theta0。
Further, there are 3 different focal points on the z-axis above the super-surface array, with coordinates (0m,0m,6m), (0m,0m,9m), (0m,0m,12m), respectively, and the field amplitude at each focal position is the same.
Further, the super-surface reflection array is established by Visual Basic script automatic control electromagnetic simulation software HFSS; the super surface reflection array is composed of 3600 phase shift units and is in a square shape with the diameter of 1.14m, and the central working frequency is 5.8 GHz.
Further, a method for manufacturing a focusing super-surface reflection array antenna comprises the following steps:
step 1, determining a phase shift unit structure of a super-surface reflection array;
step 2, drawing a phase shift curve, sequentially simulating the annular patch lengths of the phase shift units in a value range by using a Floquet port in the HFSS to obtain corresponding reflection phases under different lengths, and drawing the patch lengths and the reflection phases into a phase shift curve;
step 3, determining the size of a focusing super-surface array, wherein the super-surface array consists of N × N phase shift units;
and step 4, determining a feed horn and a position, wherein the central working frequency of the horn is 5.8GHz, the height of the horn is H, determining a focal length ratio H/L according to a feed source directional diagram, and optimizing the optimal focal length ratio H/L to be 0.64.
Step 5, determining the focusing position of the super-surface electromagnetic wave, selecting 3 different focuses, wherein the coordinates are (0m,0m,6m), (0m,0m,9m), (0m,0m,12m), and the amplitude of each focus field is the same;
step 6, determining the compensation phase of each unit of the super-surface array antenna, obtaining the feed horn and the position by the step 4, and simulating the phase distribution of the radiation electric field of the pyramid horn on the array surface in CST; the phase of the focusing generated by the super-surface focusing array antenna is calculated by using the following phase formula:
Figure BDA0002444546350000031
wherein
Figure BDA0002444546350000032
Representing the phase of the ith cell generating the M focal points; arg is an arctangent operation, M represents the total number of foci, Σ is a summation operation, exp represents an exponential operation based on a natural logarithm, j represents an imaginary unit of a complex number, k0Positioning a vacuum beam;
Figure BDA0002444546350000033
represents a distance vector from the origin of coordinates to the mth focal point,
Figure BDA0002444546350000034
the distance vector from the coordinate far point to the ith unit center is obtained;
the phase of the radiation electric field of the horn on the front surface is subtracted from the phase of the focus generated by the super-surface focusing array antenna, and the phase required to be adjusted by each array unit is obtained.
Step 7, determining the size of each unit of the focusing super-surface, corresponding the position of each unit of the focusing super-surface to a compensation phase, and corresponding the compensation phase to the length of the super-surface focusing array unit to obtain the size of each unit;
step 8, constructing a focusing super-surface array antenna, establishing an antenna model in the HFSS after determining the structure of an antenna unit, the size of the antenna, the position of a feed horn and the length of a unit patch, editing a Visual Basic script, and automatically controlling the HFSS to establish a reflection array antenna model;
and 9, obtaining the spatial distribution of power, introducing the model established in the HFSS into CST, and completing antenna simulation in a full-wave time domain solver of a CST microwave working chamber.
Further, editing a Visual Basic script, and automatically controlling the HFSS to establish a reflective array antenna model according to the following steps:
(1) opening an HFSS desktop, recording subsequent operations in a text file according to a 'record script file' after opening a project window, recording all important functions by repeating the steps, and storing the important functions in a code editor as an independent code block;
(2) defining variables that will be used to define the size of the array antenna;
(3) calculate the size of all units and import into Visual Basic script editor, call VB script to draw all units and repeat/optimize the results if necessary.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
the unit patch adopted by the focusing super-surface reflection array antenna has a simple structure and a large phase shift compensation range, and the phase shift is insensitive to processing errors, so that the processing requirements are reduced. Meanwhile, the phase shift unit has high area utilization rate, good reflection characteristic and low loss, so that the antenna maintains higher transmission efficiency in a long distance. The antenna adopts a horn feed without a complex feed network, the defect of complex feed of the traditional design is overcome, the processing cost is reduced, and the array is a plane and is easy to disassemble and transport.
The focusing super-surface array antenna for long-distance wireless energy transmission provided by the embodiment of the invention has no complex feed network and is simple in manufacturing process. The proper phase-shifting array element patch is selected, the unit area utilization rate is improved, the reflection characteristic is good, the loss is low, the antenna maintains higher transmission efficiency within a certain distance, the patch phase is insensitive to processing errors, and the processing requirement is reduced. And meanwhile, the VBS is used for controlling the HFSS to automatically model, so that the modeling efficiency is greatly improved. And finally, the energy transmission efficiency of the antenna within a range of 10m reaches more than 45%.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a phase shift unit according to an embodiment of the present invention
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a phase shift unit structure according to an embodiment of the present invention
FIG. 3 is a phase shift curve of a phase shift unit according to an embodiment of the present invention
FIG. 4 shows the reflection coefficient of a phase shift unit according to an embodiment of the present invention
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the location of a feed horn according to an embodiment of the present invention
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a super-surface array in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention
FIG. 7 is a phase distribution of a field emitted by a feed to a super-surface array according to one embodiment of the present invention
FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating the phase distribution required by the phase shifting elements to form the corresponding focal points, according to one embodiment of the present invention
FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating the phase distribution of the required adjustment for each array element, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention
FIG. 10 shows xoz plane power simulation results according to an embodiment of the present invention
FIG. 11 shows the results of a yoz plane power simulation in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention
Fig. 12 shows the result of the variation of transmission efficiency with distance according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
referring to fig. 1 to 11, a focusing super-surface reflection array antenna includes a feed horn and a super-surface reflection array; the feed horn antenna adopts a waveguide feed mode, and a horn opening belongs to a pyramid horn antenna; a horn antenna bias feed located at (x ═ 0, y ═ Htan theta%0,z＝H)，θ0Is the horn offset angle, H is the feed height; the super surface reflection array is a square formed by a plurality of phase shifting units, and the distance between the phase shifting units of the super surface reflection array is d.
The phase shift unit comprises an array element patch, a dielectric substrate, a ground plane and an air layer; the array element patch comprises a square patch and an annular patch, the dielectric substrate is arranged below the array element patch, and the ground plane is arranged at the lowest part of the phase shift unit; the air layer is disposed between the dielectric substrate and the ground plane.
The ratio of the length of the square patch to the length of the annular patch is s, the value range of 0< s <1, the ratio of the width of the annular patch to the length of the annular patch is q, and the value range of 0< q < 1; the dielectric substrate is made of Rogers 5880, and the thickness is t; the air layer thickness is g.
Phase shift unit phase characteristicsPeriodic Floquet boundary condition simulation in HFSS, electric field along y direction, incident wave angle theta0。
There are 3 different focal points on the z-axis above the array of the super-surface, with coordinates (0m,0m,6m), (0m,0m,9m), (0m,0m,12m), respectively, and the field amplitude is the same for each focal position.
The super-surface reflection array is established by Visual Basic script automatic control electromagnetic simulation software HFSS; the super surface reflection array is composed of 3600 phase shift units and is in a square shape with the diameter of 1.14m, and the central working frequency is 5.8 GHz.
A method for preparing a focusing super-surface reflection array antenna comprises the following steps:
step 1, determining a phase shift unit structure of a super-surface reflection array;
step 2, drawing a phase shift curve, sequentially simulating the annular patch lengths of the phase shift units in a value range by using a Floquet port in the HFSS to obtain corresponding reflection phases under different lengths, and drawing the patch lengths and the reflection phases into a phase shift curve;
step 3, determining the size of a focusing super-surface array, wherein the super-surface array consists of N × N phase shift units;
and step 4, determining a feed horn and a position, wherein the central working frequency of the horn is 5.8GHz, the height of the horn is H, determining a focal length ratio H/L according to a feed source directional diagram, and optimizing the optimal focal length ratio H/L to be 0.64.
Step 5, determining the focusing position of the super-surface electromagnetic wave, selecting 3 different focuses, wherein the coordinates are (0m,0m,6m), (0m,0m,9m), (0m,0m,12m), and the amplitude of each focus field is the same;
step 6, determining the compensation phase of each unit of the super-surface array antenna, obtaining the feed horn and the position by the step 4, and simulating the phase distribution of the radiation electric field of the pyramid horn on the array surface in CST; the phase of the focusing generated by the super-surface focusing array antenna is calculated by using the following phase formula:
Figure BDA0002444546350000061
wherein
Figure BDA0002444546350000062
Representing the phase of the ith cell generating the M focal points; arg is an arctangent operation, M represents the total number of foci, Σ is a summation operation, exp represents an exponential operation based on a natural logarithm, j represents an imaginary unit of a complex number, k0Positioning a vacuum beam;
Figure BDA0002444546350000063
represents a distance vector from the origin of coordinates to the mth focal point,
Figure BDA0002444546350000064
the distance vector from the coordinate far point to the ith unit center is obtained;
the phase of the radiation electric field of the horn on the front surface is subtracted from the phase of the focus generated by the super-surface focusing array antenna, and the phase required to be adjusted by each array unit is obtained.
Step 7, determining the size of each unit of the focusing super-surface, corresponding the position of each unit of the focusing super-surface to a compensation phase, and corresponding the compensation phase to the length of the super-surface focusing array unit to obtain the size of each unit;
step 8, constructing a focusing super-surface array antenna, establishing an antenna model in the HFSS after determining the structure of an antenna unit, the size of the antenna, the position of a feed horn and the length of a unit patch, editing a Visual Basic script, and automatically controlling the HFSS to establish a reflection array antenna model;
and 9, obtaining the spatial distribution of power, introducing the model established in the HFSS into CST, and completing antenna simulation in a full-wave time domain solver of a CST microwave working chamber.
Editing Visual Basic script, automatically controlling HFSS to establish a reflection array antenna model, and comprising the following steps:
(1) opening an HFSS desktop, recording subsequent operations in a text file according to a 'record script file' after opening a project window, recording all important functions by repeating the steps, and storing the important functions in a code editor as an independent code block;
(2) defining variables that will be used to define the size of the array antenna;
(3) calculate the size of all units and import into Visual Basic script editor, call VB script to draw all units and repeat/optimize the results if necessary.
Example (b):
step 1, determining the phase shift unit structure of the super surface reflection array, as shown in FIG. 1. The unit patch is composed of a square and a concentric square ring. The ratio of the length of the square patch to the length of the annular patch is s, and the ratio of the width of the annular patch to the length of the annular patch is q.
Annular patch length a1A is in a value range of 4mm ≦ a1And < 19mm, the ratio s of the length of the square patch to the length of the annular patch is 0.65, and the ratio q of the width of the annular patch to the length of the annular patch is 0.01. To avoid grating lobes the pitch d of the cells is less than lambda/2 and 19 mm. The thickness g of the air layer is 5.5mm in order to make the phase shift curve smoother. The thickness t of the dielectric substrate is 0.75 mm.
And step 2, drawing a phase shift curve. Ring patch length a of phase-shifted cell with Floquet port in HFSS1Sequentially simulating in a value range, wherein the electric field is along the y direction, and the incident wave angle is theta025 deg.. And obtaining corresponding reflection phases under different lengths. Patch length a1And the reflection phase is plotted as a phase shift curve, as shown in fig. 2. Patch length a1The curve against the reflection coefficient is shown in fig. 3.
Step 3 determines the size of the focused super-surface array. The super-surface array is composed of N × N phase shift units. I.e. the array size is L-N × d, N60.
And 4, determining the feed horn and the position. The horn adopts a standard pyramid horn, the feed mode adopts offset feed, and the offset degree is theta025 deg., as in fig. 4. The working frequency of the center of the horn is 5.8GHz, the height of the horn is H, the focal ratio H/L is determined according to a feed source directional diagram, the overflow efficiency and the illumination efficiency are comprehensively considered, and the optimal focal ratio H/L is optimized to be 0.64.
And 5, determining the focusing position of the super-surface electromagnetic wave. FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram of a super-surface reflective array with the focal point on the z-axis above the array, where M focal positions are selected at the desired locations for high efficiency transmission, where 3 different focal points are selected, with coordinates (0M,0M,6M), (0M,0M,9M), (0M,0M,12M), and the amplitude of each focal field is the same.
And 6, determining the compensation phase of each unit of the super-surface array antenna.
Because the transmission path distances from the feed sources to the phase shift units of the array are different, the incident wave reaches the units in different phases. In order to obtain a phase induced by the path
Figure BDA0002444546350000081
The feed horn and the position are obtained in step 4, and the phase distribution of the radiation electric field of the pyramid horn on the front surface is simulated in CST, as shown in FIG. 6.
The phase of the focusing generated by the super-surface focusing array antenna is calculated by using the following phase formula.
Figure BDA0002444546350000082
Wherein
Figure BDA0002444546350000083
Indicating the phase of the i-th cell that produces the M focal points. arg is an arctangent operation, M represents the total number of foci, Σ is a summation operation, exp represents an exponential operation based on a natural logarithm, j represents an imaginary unit of a complex number, k0A vacuum beam is located.
Figure BDA0002444546350000084
Represents a distance vector from the origin of coordinates to the mth focal point,
Figure BDA0002444546350000085
is the distance vector from the coordinate far point to the ith unit center. The calculation results are shown in FIG. 7.
In order to calculate the phase required to be adjusted for each array element, the phase of the focus generated by the super-surface focusing array antenna is subtracted by the phase of the radiation electric field of the horn on the front, and fig. 8 shows the phase required to be adjusted for each array element.
Step 7 determines the dimensions of each element of the focusing super-surface. The position of each unit of the focusing super surface corresponds to the compensation phase, and then the compensation phase corresponds to the length of the super surface focusing array unit, so that the size of each unit can be obtained.
And 8, constructing the focusing super-surface array antenna. After the antenna unit structure, the antenna size, the feed horn position and the unit patch length are determined, an antenna model is established in the HFSS. Because the array is too large, the number of units is large, and manual modeling is difficult, Visual Basic scripts are edited, and HFSS is automatically controlled to establish a reflective array antenna model. Editing the Visual Basic script and automatically controlling the HFSS to build the reflector array antenna model comprises the following steps.
(1) And opening the HFSS desktop, and recording subsequent operations in a text file according to the record script file after opening the project window. By repeating this step, all important functions (analysis, frequency scanning, boundary assignment, etc.) can be recorded and saved in the code editor as a separate code block.
(2) Variables are defined which will be used to define the size of the array antenna.
(3) The dimensions of all units were calculated and imported into the Visual Basic script editor. The VB script is invoked to draw all the cells and repeat/optimize the results as needed.
Step 9 results in a spatial distribution of power. And (3) introducing the model established in the HFSS into CST, and completing antenna simulation in a full-wave time domain solver of a CST microwave working chamber. Fig. 9 and 10 show the results of the simulation of xoz and yoz plane power, respectively.
Step 10 obtains the wireless energy transfer efficiency. Above the array there is a square receiving surface with an area of 0.25m2. The following formula is used to calculate the received power captured by the receiving antenna.
Figure BDA0002444546350000091
The wireless energy transfer efficiency η is the ratio of the received power to the horn injection power, and fig. 11 shows the variation of the transfer efficiency with distance, and it can be seen that the energy transfer efficiency reaches 45% or more in the range of 10 m.

Claims (1)

1. A preparation method of a focusing super-surface reflection array antenna is characterized in that the focusing super-surface reflection array antenna is based on a focusing super-surface reflection array antenna and comprises a feed horn and a super-surface reflection array; the feed horn antenna adopts a waveguide feed mode, and a horn opening belongs to a pyramid horn antenna; a horn antenna bias feed located at (x ═ 0, y ═ H tan θ)0,z＝H)，θ0Is the horn offset angle, H is the feed height; the super surface reflection array is a square formed by a plurality of phase shift units, and the distance between the phase shift units of the super surface reflection array is d;
the phase shift unit comprises an array element patch, a dielectric substrate, a ground plane and an air layer; the array element patch comprises a square patch and an annular patch, the dielectric substrate is arranged below the array element patch, and the ground plane is arranged at the lowest part of the phase shift unit; the air layer is arranged between the dielectric substrate and the ground plane;
the ratio of the length of the square patch to the length of the annular patch is s, the value range of 0< s <1, the ratio of the width of the annular patch to the length of the annular patch is q, and the value range of 0< q < 1; the dielectric substrate is made of Rogers 5880, the dielectric constant is 2.2, and the thickness is t; the thickness of the air layer is g;
the phase characteristics of the phase shift unit are simulated in HFSS by using periodic Floquet boundary conditions, the electric field is along the y direction, and the incident wave angle is theta0；
The super-surface array is provided with 3 different focal points on the z-axis, the coordinates are (0m,0m,6m), (0m,0m,9m), (0m,0m,12m), and the field amplitude of each focusing position is the same;
the super-surface reflection array is established by Visual Basic script automatic control electromagnetic simulation software HFSS; the super-surface reflection array is composed of 3600 phase shift units and is in a square shape with the diameter of 1.14m, and the central working frequency is 5.8 GHz;
the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, determining a phase shift unit structure of a super-surface reflection array;
step 2, drawing a phase shift curve, sequentially simulating the annular patch lengths of the phase shift units in a value range by using a Floquet port in the HFSS to obtain corresponding reflection phases under different lengths, and drawing the patch lengths and the reflection phases into a phase shift curve;
step 3, determining the size of a focusing super-surface array, wherein the super-surface array consists of N × N, N equals to 60 phase shift units;
step 4, determining a feed horn and a position, wherein the center working frequency of the horn is 5.8GHz, the height of the horn is H, determining a focal length ratio H/L according to a feed source directional diagram, and optimizing the optimal focal length ratio H/L to be 0.64; l is the overall size of the unit, L ═ N × d;
step 5, determining the focusing position of the super-surface electromagnetic wave, selecting 3 different focuses, wherein the coordinates are (0m,0m,6m), (0m,0m,9m), (0m,0m,12m), and the amplitude of each focus field is the same;
step 6, determining the compensation phase of each unit of the super-surface array antenna, and simulating the phase distribution of the radiation electric field of the pyramid horn on the array surface in CST by using the feed horn and the position obtained in the step 4; the phase of the focusing generated by the super-surface focusing array antenna is calculated by using the following phase formula:
Figure FDA0003415860230000021
wherein
Figure FDA0003415860230000022
Representing the phase of the ith cell generating the M focal points; arg is an arctangent operation, M represents the total number of foci, Σ is a summation operation, exp represents an exponential operation based on a natural logarithm, j represents an imaginary unit of a complex number, k0Is a vacuum beam;
Figure FDA0003415860230000023
representing the origin of coordinates toThe distance vector of the m-th focal point,
Figure FDA0003415860230000024
the distance vector from the coordinate origin to the ith unit center;
subtracting the phase of the radiation electric field of the horn from the phase of the focus generated by the super-surface focusing array antenna to obtain the phase required to be adjusted by each array unit;
step 7, determining the size of each unit of the focusing super-surface, corresponding the position of each unit of the focusing super-surface to a compensation phase, and corresponding the compensation phase to the length of an annular patch of the super-surface focusing array unit to obtain the size of each unit;
step 8, constructing a focusing super-surface array antenna, establishing an antenna model in the HFSS after determining the structure of an antenna unit, the size of the antenna, the position of a feed horn and the length of a unit patch, editing a Visual Basic script, and automatically controlling the HFSS to establish a reflection array antenna model;
step 9, obtaining the spatial distribution of power, introducing the model established in the HFSS into CST, and completing antenna simulation in a full-wave time domain solver of a CST microwave working chamber;
editing Visual Basic script, automatically controlling HFSS to establish a reflection array antenna model, and comprising the following steps:
(1) opening an HFSS desktop, recording subsequent operations in a text file according to a 'record script file' after opening a project window, recording all important functions by repeating the steps, and storing the important functions in a code editor as an independent code block;
(2) defining variables that will be used to define the size of the array antenna;
(3) calculate the size of all units and import into Visual Basic script editor, call VB script to draw all units and repeat/optimize the results if necessary.
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