CN112410632B - Mg-Gd-Y-Nd high-strength rare earth magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Mg-Gd-Y-Nd high-strength rare earth magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112410632B CN112410632B CN202011309244.XA CN202011309244A CN112410632B CN 112410632 B CN112410632 B CN 112410632B CN 202011309244 A CN202011309244 A CN 202011309244A CN 112410632 B CN112410632 B CN 112410632B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- alloy
- rare earth
- intermediate alloy
- magnesium alloy
- pure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C23/00—Alloys based on magnesium
- C22C23/06—Alloys based on magnesium with a rare earth metal as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/06—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of magnesium or alloys based thereon
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
An Mg-Gd-Y-Nd high-strength rare earth magnesium alloy and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of alloys. Solves the problems of lower plasticity, larger hot cracking tendency, higher preparation difficulty and higher cost of the existing rare earth magnesium alloy. The Mg-Gd-Y-Nd high-toughness rare earth magnesium alloy comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: gd: 6.5-10 wt.%, Y: 1.5-2.5 wt.%, Nd: 1.5-2.5 wt.%, Ag: 0.2-0.5 wt.%, Sc: 0.05-0.1 wt.%, Zr: 0.35-0.55 wt.%, Zn: 0-0.3 wt.%, the balance being Mg; and the mass ratio of Gd, Y and Nd is (4-4.3) to 1: 1. The rare earth magnesium alloy has excellent room temperature and high temperature strength and plasticity, low cost and low preparation difficulty.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of alloys, and particularly relates to a Mg-Gd-Y-Nd high-toughness rare earth magnesium alloy and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The magnesium alloy is the lightest metal structure material in engineering application, has the advantages of low density, high specific strength, high specific rigidity, high shock absorption, easy processing, easy recovery and the like, and has huge application market in the fields of aerospace, war industry, electronic communication, transportation and the like.
The rare earth magnesium alloy broadly refers to a magnesium alloy containing a rare earth element (RE). The addition of rare earth elements Gd, Y and Zr into magnesium alloy can obviously refine the grain size of the structure and improve the corrosion resistance of the magnesium alloyAnd mechanical properties. The Mg-Gd-Y-Zr alloy is the rare earth magnesium alloy with the most excellent performance in the prior practical application, and is taken into consideration in the fields of aerospace, missile military industry, precision manufacturing and the like. However, the alloy of the system is mainly strengthened by an Orwan mechanism that precipitated phases obstruct dislocation motion, has low alloy plasticity, and is difficult to meet the processing performance requirement of precision manufacturing and the use requirements in the fields of aviation, rail transit and the like. For example, Chinese patent 105525176A discloses a process for preparing and treating Mg-Gd-Y-Zr alloy, which comprises preparing Mg-12Gd-3Y-0.6Zr alloy (industrial pure magnesium, 30.47% Gd-Mg-Gd intermediate alloy, 31.72% Y-Mg-Y intermediate alloy and 30.16% Zr-Mg-Zr intermediate alloy) by ingot metallurgy, melting at 730-750 deg.C, and adding CO2+SF6And (3) protecting by mixed gas, casting, and carrying out homogenizing annealing at 530 ℃ for 24 hours to obtain the product. The magnesium alloy has good yield strength and tensile strength, but poor plasticity. In addition, the high rare earth content of the Mg-Gd-Y-Zr system alloy also causes the alloy to have larger hot cracking tendency, the preparation difficulty and the cost are higher, and the development and the application of the alloy are further limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a Mg-Gd-Y-Nd high-toughness rare earth magnesium alloy, which reduces the brittleness characteristic of the magnesium alloy through the composite modification of a plurality of rare earth components with specific proportions with Ag and Sc, improves the microstructure morphology, overcomes the inherent defects of the magnesium alloy, realizes the toughening coordination of the performance, achieves the optimal cost and performance, further expands the application range of the magnesium alloy under the complex process conditions of precision casting molding, large-size component plastic forming and the like, improves the technical level of application, and promotes the benign development cycle of the whole magnesium alloy research field and the relevant industrial ecology of aerospace, rail transit and the like.
The invention also aims to provide an optimized preparation method for the high-strength and high-toughness rare earth magnesium alloy so as to realize optimization of magnesium alloy performance, and the preparation method comprises two process schemes of casting molding and extrusion molding.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the invention provides a Mg-Gd-Y-Nd high-toughness rare earth magnesium alloy, which comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass:
gd: 6.5-10 wt.%, Y: 1.5-2.5 wt.%, Nd: 1.5-2.5 wt.%, Ag: 0.2-0.5 wt.%, Sc: 0.05-0.1 wt.%, Zr: 0.35-0.55 wt.%, Zn: 0-0.3 wt.%, the balance being Mg;
and the mass ratio of Gd, Y and Nd is (4-4.3) to 1: 1.
Preferably, Gd: 8-10 wt.%, Y: 2-2.5 wt.%, Nd: 2-2.5 wt.%, Ag: 0.2-0.4 wt.%, Sc: 0.07-0.1 wt.%, Zr: 0.45 wt.%, Zn: 0.2 wt.%, the balance Mg.
Preferably, Gd: 6.5 wt.%, Y: 1.5 wt.%, Nd: 1.5 wt.%, Ag: 0.5 wt.%, Sc: 0.05 wt.%, Zr: 0.45 wt.%, Zn: 0.2 wt.%, the balance Mg.
Preferably, Gd: 8 wt.%, Y: 2 wt.%, Nd: 2 wt.%, Ag: 0.4 wt.%, Sc: 0.07 wt.%, Zr: 0.45 wt.%, Zn: 0.2 wt.%, the balance Mg.
Preferably, Gd: 10 wt.%, Y: 2.5 wt.%, Nd: 2.5 wt.%, Ag: 0.2 wt.%, Sc: 0.1 wt.%, Zr: 0.45 wt.%, Zn: 0.2 wt.%, the balance Mg.
The preparation method of the casting molding process of the Mg-Gd-Y-Nd high-toughness rare earth magnesium alloy comprises the following steps:
taking pure Mg, pure Zn, pure Ag, an Mg-Zr intermediate alloy, an Mg-Gd intermediate alloy, an Mg-Y intermediate alloy, an Mg-Nd intermediate alloy and an Mg-Sc intermediate alloy as raw materials, mixing the raw materials according to the mass percentage of each element of the Mg-Gd-Y-Nd high-toughness rare earth magnesium alloy, smelting to obtain alloy liquid, and casting to obtain a casting;
step two, performing heat treatment on the casting at 500-520 ℃ for 6-12 h, and then air-cooling to room temperature to obtain a casting subjected to solution treatment;
and step three, performing heat treatment on the casting subjected to the solution treatment at the temperature of 200-250 ℃ for 12-48 h, and then performing air cooling to room temperature to obtain the Mg-Gd-Y-Nd high-strength rare earth magnesium alloy.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the extrusion forming process of the Mg-Gd-Y-Nd high-toughness rare earth magnesium alloy, which comprises the following steps:
taking pure Mg, pure Zn, pure Ag, an Mg-Zr intermediate alloy, an Mg-Gd intermediate alloy, an Mg-Y intermediate alloy, an Mg-Nd intermediate alloy and an Mg-Sc intermediate alloy as raw materials, mixing the raw materials according to the mass percentage of each element of the Mg-Gd-Y-Nd high-toughness rare earth magnesium alloy, smelting to obtain alloy liquid, and casting the alloy liquid into a magnesium alloy cast blank;
homogenizing the magnesium alloy cast blank at 520-550 ℃ for 2-4 h, and processing the magnesium alloy cast blank into an extruded blank;
preheating the extrusion blank and the extrusion die at 300-400 ℃ for 2.0-2.5 hours respectively, and preparing an extrusion section through plastic deformation at the extrusion ratio of 8: 1-20: 1 and the extrusion speed of 0.01-1.0 m/min;
and step four, carrying out heat treatment on the extruded section at the temperature of 150-200 ℃ for 10-24 h to obtain the Mg-Gd-Y-Nd high-strength rare earth magnesium alloy.
Preferably, the mass percent of Gd in the Mg-Gd intermediate alloy is 20-30 wt.%, the mass percent of Y in the Mg-Y intermediate alloy is 20-30 wt.%, the mass percent of Nd in the Mg-Nd intermediate alloy is 20-30 wt.%, and the mass percent of Sc in the Mg-Sc intermediate alloy is 1-3 wt.%.
Preferably, the first step is:
1a) weighing pure Mg, pure Zn, pure Ag, Mg-Zr intermediate alloy, Mg-Gd intermediate alloy, Mg-Y intermediate alloy, Mg-Nd intermediate alloy and Mg-Sc intermediate alloy according to the mass percent of each element of the Mg-Gd-Y-Nd high-strength and high-toughness rare earth magnesium alloy, respectively cleaning, drying, smelting and preheating to 300 ℃;
1b) in CO2And SF6Under the protection of mixed gas, heating pure Mg, pure Zn, pure Ag, Mg-Gd intermediate alloy, Mg-Y intermediate alloy and Mg-Nd intermediate alloy to 680-750 ℃ until the pure Mg, the pure Zn, the pure Ag, the Mg-Gd intermediate alloy, the Mg-Y intermediate alloy and the Mg-Nd intermediate alloy are completely melted, heating the melt to 740-750 ℃, adding the Mg-Zr intermediate alloy and the Mg-Sc intermediate alloy, refining after the complete melting, stirring for 5-10 min, cooling to 680-700 ℃, standing for 20-40 min, and scraping scum on the surface of the melt to obtain alloy liquid.
More preferably, the CO is2And SF6Is 99.8: 0.2.
The principle of the invention is as follows: nd is added into an Mg-Gd-Y system, the solid solubility of single rare earth element is reduced by adding multiple rare earth elements, the nucleation efficiency is increased, and the brittle eutectic phase influencing the plasticity of the magnesium alloy is reduced, so that the method is an effective technical means for improving the plasticity of the magnesium alloy and realizing strengthening, toughening and coordination. On the basis, the precipitation efficiency is further enhanced, the microstructure morphology is improved, and the technological adaptability of the magnesium alloy is improved by adding Ag, Sc and trace modified elements, so that the magnesium alloy has excellent room-temperature and high-temperature strength and plasticity, is applied to the occasions of precision casting, large-size component plastic deformation and the like, and can meet the urgent requirements of engineering application in the aerospace large-size complex components, precision instruments, missile and military industry fields.
The Mg-Gd-Y-Nd high-strength rare earth magnesium alloy reduces the brittleness characteristic of the magnesium alloy through the compound modification of the multi-element rare earth component with specific proportion with Ag and Sc, improves the microstructure appearance, overcomes the inherent defects of the Mg-Gd-Y-Nd high-strength rare earth magnesium alloy, realizes the strengthening and toughening coordination on the performance, and has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:
1. the Mg-Gd-Y-Nd high-strength rare earth magnesium alloy has excellent room temperature, high temperature strength and plasticity (the tensile strength, the yield strength and the elongation of the magnesium alloy in a heat treatment state after casting respectively reach 280-310 MPa, 250-270 MPa and 5-7%, the tensile strength, the yield strength and the elongation of the magnesium alloy at 250 ℃ respectively reach 210-230 MPa, 190-200 MPa and 10-12%, the tensile strength, the yield strength and the elongation of the magnesium alloy in a heat treatment state after extrusion respectively reach 390-420 MPa, 340-370 MPa and 10-12%, the tensile strength, the yield strength and the elongation of the magnesium alloy at 250 ℃ respectively reach 270-300 MPa, 250-270 MPa and 18-25%), the cost and the performance are optimal, and the application range of the Mg-Gd-Y-Nd high-strength rare earth magnesium alloy under complex process conditions of precision casting forming, large-size component plastic forming and the like is expanded, The technical level of application is improved, and the benign development cycle of the whole magnesium alloy research field and relevant industrial ecology of aerospace, rail transit and the like is promoted.
2. The Mg-Gd-Y-Nd high-strength rare earth magnesium alloy has the advantages that the component characteristics and the strengthening mechanism (the main strengthening mechanism of the alloy is precipitation strengthening, the generation of brittle eutectic phase in the alloy is reduced through the specific rare earth component proportion, and the purposes of improving the performance of the magnesium alloy and strengthening and toughening coordination are further realized), the optimized casting forming and extrusion forming process is provided, the internal structure defects of the magnesium alloy can be reduced, the element loss is reduced, the melt quality is improved, the preparation requirements of different occasions can be met, the industrial application is facilitated, the alloy variety is simplified, and the technical difficulty and the production cost are reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
In FIG. 1, a is a metallographic picture of an as-cast microstructure of the magnesium alloy of example 1; b is the metallographic picture of the microstructure of the extruded magnesium alloy in the example 4.
Detailed Description
For a further understanding of the invention, preferred embodiments of the invention are described below in conjunction with the detailed description, but it is to be understood that the description is intended to further illustrate the features and advantages of the invention and not to limit the claims to the invention.
The invention provides a Mg-Gd-Y-Nd high-toughness rare earth magnesium alloy, which comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: gd: 6.5-10 wt.%, Y: 1.5-2.5 wt.%, Nd: 1.5-2.5 wt.%, Ag: 0.2-0.5 wt.%, Sc: 0.05-0.1 wt.%, Zr: 0.35-0.55 wt.%, Zn: 0-0.3 wt.%, the balance being Mg; and the mass ratio of Gd, Y and Nd is (4-4.3) to 1: 1.
In the above technical solution, preferably, Gd: 8-10 wt.%, Y: 2-2.5 wt.%, Nd: 2-2.5 wt.%, Ag: 0.2-0.4 wt.%, Sc: 0.07-0.1 wt.%, Zr: 0.45 wt.%, Zn: 0.2 wt.%, the balance Mg. This embodiment provides several preferred ratios, but is not limited thereto, Gd is 6.5 wt.%, Y: 1.5 wt.%, Nd: 1.5 wt.%, Ag: 0.5 wt.%, Sc: 0.05 wt.%, Zr: 0.45 wt.%, Zn: 0.2 wt.%, the balance Mg; alternatively, Gd is 8 wt.%, Y: 2 wt.%, Nd: 2 wt.%, Ag: 0.4 wt.%, Sc: 0.07 wt.%, Zr: 0.45 wt.%, Zn: 0.2 wt.%, the balance Mg; alternatively, Gd is 10 wt.%, Y: 2.5 wt.%, Nd: 2.5 wt.%, Ag: 0.2 wt.%, Sc: 0.1 wt.%, Zr: 0.45 wt.%, Zn: 0.2 wt.%, the balance Mg. In order to achieve the purpose of strengthening, toughening and coordinating the performance of the magnesium alloy, the mass ratio of the rare earth components Gd, Y and Nd needs to reach a specific ratio of 4-4.3: 1:1, preferably 4:1:1, so as to form a special microstructure state beneficial to plastic deformation.
The magnesium alloy has excellent room-temperature and high-temperature mechanical properties, and can be prepared by a casting forming process or an extrusion forming process.
According to the composition characteristics of alloying elements of the Mg-Gd-Y-Nd high-toughness rare earth magnesium alloy, the invention provides a preparation method of targeted casting molding, so as to obtain the optimal mechanical property, microstructure appearance and lowest element loss rate, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
step one, magnesium alloy ingot preparation
Pure Mg, pure Zn, pure Ag, an Mg-Zr intermediate alloy, an Mg-Gd intermediate alloy, an Mg-Y intermediate alloy, an Mg-Nd intermediate alloy and an Mg-Sc intermediate alloy are used as raw materials, the raw materials are mixed according to the mass percentage of each element of the Mg-Gd-Y-Nd high-toughness rare earth magnesium alloy, alloy liquid is obtained by smelting, and casting forming is carried out to obtain a casting;
step two, solution treatment
Carrying out heat treatment on the casting at 500-520 ℃ for 6-12 h, and then air-cooling to room temperature to obtain a casting subjected to solution treatment;
step three, aging treatment
And (3) carrying out heat treatment on the casting subjected to the solution treatment at the temperature of 200-250 ℃ for 12-48 h, and then carrying out air cooling to room temperature to obtain the Mg-Gd-Y-Nd high-strength rare earth magnesium alloy.
The preparation method of the extrusion forming process of the Mg-Gd-Y-Nd high-strength rare earth magnesium alloy comprises the following steps:
step one, magnesium alloy as-cast blank preparation
Pure Mg, pure Zn, pure Ag, an Mg-Zr intermediate alloy, an Mg-Gd intermediate alloy, an Mg-Y intermediate alloy, an Mg-Nd intermediate alloy and an Mg-Sc intermediate alloy are used as raw materials, and are proportioned according to the mass percentage of each element of the Mg-Gd-Y-Nd high-toughness rare earth magnesium alloy, alloy liquid is obtained by smelting, and the alloy liquid is cast into a magnesium alloy casting blank;
step two, preparing an extruded blank
Homogenizing the magnesium alloy cast blank at 520-550 ℃ for 2-4 h, and processing the magnesium alloy cast blank into an extruded blank;
step three, preparation of extruded section
Preheating the extrusion blank and an extrusion die for 2.0-2.5 hours at 300-400 ℃ respectively, wherein the extrusion ratio is 8: 1-20: 1, the extrusion speed is 0.01-1.0 m/min, and preparing an extrusion section through plastic deformation;
step four, aging treatment
And (3) carrying out heat treatment on the extruded section at the temperature of 150-200 ℃ for 10-24 h to obtain the Mg-Gd-Y-Nd high-strength rare earth magnesium alloy.
In the technical scheme, the adopted raw materials are preferably 20-30 wt% of Gd in the Mg-Gd intermediate alloy, 20-30 wt% of Y in the Mg-Y intermediate alloy, 20-30 wt% of Nd in the Mg-Nd intermediate alloy and 1-3 wt% of Sc in the Mg-Sc intermediate alloy.
In the above technical solution, the first step is preferably:
1a) weighing pure Mg, pure Zn, pure Ag, Mg-Zr intermediate alloy, Mg-Gd intermediate alloy, Mg-Y intermediate alloy, Mg-Nd intermediate alloy and Mg-Sc intermediate alloy according to the mass percent of each element of the Mg-Gd-Y-Nd high-strength and high-toughness rare earth magnesium alloy, respectively cleaning, drying, smelting and preheating to 300 ℃;
1b) in CO2And SF6Under the protection of mixed gas (the preferred volume ratio is 99.8:0.2), heating pure Mg, pure Zn, pure Ag, Mg-Gd intermediate alloy, Mg-Y intermediate alloy and Mg-Nd intermediate alloy to 680-750 ℃ to be completely melted, heating the melt to 740-750 ℃, adding Mg-Zr intermediate alloy and Mg-Sc intermediate alloy, refining after being completely melted, stirring for 5-10 min, cooling to 680-700 ℃, standing for 20-40 min, scraping the meltAnd (5) floating slag on the surface of the body to obtain alloy liquid.
The terms used in the present invention generally have meanings commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art, unless otherwise specified.
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments.
In the following examples, various procedures and methods not described in detail are conventional methods well known in the art. Materials, reagents, devices, instruments, apparatuses and the like used in the following examples are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
Mg-Gd-Y-Nd high-strength rare earth magnesium alloy: gd: 6.5 wt.%, Y: 1.5 wt.%, Nd: 1.5 wt.%, Ag: 0.5 wt.%, Sc: 0.05 wt.%, Zr: 0.45 wt.%, Zn: 0.2 wt.%, the balance being Mg and unavoidable impurities.
The preparation method of the Mg-Gd-Y-Nd high-strength rare earth magnesium alloy comprises the following steps:
step one, weighing pure Mg, pure Zn, pure Ag, Mg-Zr intermediate alloy, Mg-Gd intermediate alloy (20-30 wt.%), Mg-Y intermediate alloy (20-30 wt.%), Mg-Sc intermediate alloy (1-3 wt.%) according to the mass percent of each element of the Mg-Gd-Y-Nd high-toughness rare earth magnesium alloy, cleaning, drying, smelting and preheating to 300 ℃;
in CO2And SF6Under the protection of mixed gas (the volume ratio is 99.8:0.2), heating pure Mg, pure Zn, pure Ag, Mg-Gd intermediate alloy (20-30 wt.%), Mg-Y intermediate alloy (20-30 wt.%) and Mg-Nd intermediate alloy (20-30 wt.%) to 680-750 ℃ until completely melted, then heating the melt to 740-750 ℃, adding Mg-Zr intermediate alloy and Mg-Sc intermediate alloy, after completely melted, refining, stirring for 5-10 min, cooling to 680-700 ℃, standing for 20-40 min, scraping dross on the surface of the melt to obtain alloy liquid, and casting to obtain a casting;
step two, performing heat treatment on the casting at 500 ℃ for 6 hours, and then air-cooling the casting to room temperature to obtain the casting after solution treatment;
and step three, performing heat treatment on the casting subjected to the solution treatment at 250 ℃ for 16h, and then performing air cooling to room temperature to obtain the Mg-Gd-Y-Nd high-strength rare earth magnesium alloy.
Example 2
Mg-Gd-Y-Nd high-strength rare earth magnesium alloy: gd: 8 wt.%, Y: 2 wt.%, Nd: 2 wt.%, Ag: 0.4 wt.%, Sc: 0.07 wt.%, Zr: 0.45 wt.%, Zn: 0.2 wt.%, the balance being Mg and unavoidable impurities.
The preparation method is the same as that of example 1, and only the step three is replaced by the following step: and (3) carrying out heat treatment on the casting at 250 ℃ for 24h, and then carrying out air cooling to room temperature to obtain the casting after solution treatment.
Example 3
Mg-Gd-Y-Nd high-strength rare earth magnesium alloy: gd: 10 wt.%, Y: 2.5 wt.%, Nd: 2.5 wt.%, Ag: 0.2 wt.%, Sc: 0.1 wt.%, Zr: 0.45 wt.%, Zn: 0.2 wt.%, the balance being Mg and unavoidable impurities.
The preparation method is the same as that of example 1, and only the step three is replaced by the following step: and (3) carrying out heat treatment on the casting at 200 ℃ for 48h, and then carrying out air cooling to room temperature to obtain the casting after solution treatment.
Example 4
Mg-Gd-Y-Nd high-strength rare earth magnesium alloy: gd: 6.5 wt.%, Y: 1.5 wt.%, Nd: 1.5 wt.%, Ag: 0.5 wt.%, Sc: 0.05 wt.%, Zr: 0.45 wt.%, Zn: 0.2 wt.%, the balance being Mg and unavoidable impurities.
The extrusion forming preparation method of the high-strength heat-resistant magnesium alloy comprises the following steps:
step one, weighing pure Mg, pure Zn, pure Ag, Mg-Zr intermediate alloy, Mg-Gd intermediate alloy (20-30 wt.%), Mg-Y intermediate alloy (20-30 wt.%), Mg-Sc intermediate alloy (1-3 wt.%) according to the mass percent of each element of the Mg-Gd-Y-Nd high-toughness rare earth magnesium alloy, cleaning, drying, smelting and preheating to 300 ℃;
in CO2And SF6Under the protection of mixed gas (volume ratio of 99.8:0.2), pure Mg, pure Zn, pure Ag, Mg-Gd intermediate alloy (20-30 wt.%), Mg-Y intermediate alloy (20-30 wt.%) and Mg-Nd intermediate alloy (20-30 wt.%) are first mixed) Heating to 680-750 ℃ until the melt is completely melted, heating the melt to 740-750 ℃, adding Mg-Zr intermediate alloy and Mg-Sc intermediate alloy, refining after the melt is completely melted, stirring for 5-10 min, cooling to 680-700 ℃, standing for 20-40 min, scraping scum on the surface of the melt to obtain alloy liquid, and casting the alloy liquid into a magnesium alloy cast blank;
homogenizing the magnesium alloy cast blank at 520-550 ℃ for 2-4 h, and processing the magnesium alloy cast blank into an extruded blank;
step three, preheating the extrusion blank and the extrusion die for 2.0-2.5 hours at 300-400 ℃, respectively, wherein the extrusion ratio is 8: 1-20: 1, the extrusion speed is 0.01-1.0 m/min, and preparing an extrusion section through plastic deformation;
and step four, carrying out heat treatment on the extruded section for 4 hours at 150 ℃ to obtain the Mg-Gd-Y-Nd high-strength rare earth magnesium alloy.
Example 5
Mg-Gd-Y-Nd high-strength rare earth magnesium alloy: gd: 8 wt.%, Y: 2 wt.%, Nd: 2 wt.%, Ag: 0.4 wt.%, Sc: 0.07 wt.%, Zr: 0.45 wt.%, Zn: 0.2 wt.%, the balance being Mg and unavoidable impurities.
The preparation method is the same as example 4, only step four is replaced by: and (3) carrying out heat treatment on the extruded section for 20h at 180 ℃ to obtain the Mg-Gd-Y-Nd high-strength rare earth magnesium alloy.
Example 6
Mg-Gd-Y-Nd high-strength rare earth magnesium alloy: gd: 10 wt.%, Y: 2.5 wt.%, Nd: 2.5 wt.%, Ag: 0.2 wt.%, Sc: 0.1 wt.%, Zr: 0.45 wt.%, Zn: 0.2 wt.%, the balance being Mg and unavoidable impurities.
The preparation method is the same as example 4, only step four is replaced by: and (3) carrying out heat treatment on the extruded section at 200 ℃ for 10h to obtain the Mg-Gd-Y-Nd high-strength rare earth magnesium alloy.
Metallographic photographs of the microstructures of the high strength heat resistant magnesium alloys of example 1 and example 4 were obtained. In FIG. 1, a is a metallographic picture of an as-cast microstructure of the magnesium alloy of example 1; b is the metallographic picture of the microstructure of the extruded magnesium alloy in the example 4. As shown in figure 1, the high-strength heat-resistant magnesium alloy has fine and uniform structure, and fine second phases are dispersed in a matrix, so that the dislocation slippage of a basal plane can be effectively hindered, and the strength of the alloy is improved. The main strengthening mechanisms of the magnesium alloy of the invention are proved to be aging precipitation strengthening and fine grain strengthening.
The room temperature and high temperature tensile properties of the high strength heat resistant magnesium alloys of examples 1-6 were tested and the results are shown in tables 1 and 2.
TABLE 1 Room temperature mechanical Properties of high strength, heat resistant magnesium alloys of examples 1-6 magnesium alloys
TABLE 2 mechanical Properties of high-strength heat-resistant magnesium alloys of examples 1 to 6 at 250 deg.C
As can be seen from tables 1 and 2, the magnesium alloy of the present invention has high mechanical properties at room temperature and high temperature, and can meet the application requirements of the magnesium alloy in high-tech industries such as national defense and military industry, aerospace, automobile and rail transit.
It should be understood that the above embodiments are only examples for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither necessary nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications of the invention may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The Mg-Gd-Y-Nd high-toughness rare earth magnesium alloy is characterized by comprising the following chemical components in percentage by mass:
gd: 6.5-10 wt.%, Y: 1.5-2.5 wt.%, Nd: 1.5-2.5 wt.%, Ag: 0.2-0.5 wt.%, Sc: 0.05-0.1 wt.%, Zr: 0.35-0.55 wt.%, Zn: 0-0.3 wt.%, the balance being Mg;
and the mass ratio of Gd, Y and Nd is (4-4.3) to 1: 1.
2. The Mg-Gd-Y-Nd high-toughness rare earth magnesium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of Gd: 8-10 wt.%, Y: 2-2.5 wt.%, Nd: 2-2.5 wt.%, Ag: 0.2-0.4 wt.%, Sc: 0.07-0.1 wt.%, Zr: 0.45 wt.%, Zn: 0.2 wt.%, the balance Mg.
3. The Mg-Gd-Y-Nd high-toughness rare earth magnesium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of Gd: 6.5 wt.%, Y: 1.5 wt.%, Nd: 1.5 wt.%, Ag: 0.5 wt.%, Sc: 0.05 wt.%, Zr: 0.45 wt.%, Zn: 0.2 wt.%, the balance Mg.
4. The Mg-Gd-Y-Nd high-toughness rare earth magnesium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of Gd: 8 wt.%, Y: 2 wt.%, Nd: 2 wt.%, Ag: 0.4 wt.%, Sc: 0.07 wt.%, Zr: 0.45 wt.%, Zn: 0.2 wt.%, the balance Mg.
5. The Mg-Gd-Y-Nd high-toughness rare earth magnesium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of Gd: 10 wt.%, Y: 2.5 wt.%, Nd: 2.5 wt.%, Ag: 0.2 wt.%, Sc: 0.1 wt.%, Zr: 0.45 wt.%, Zn: 0.2 wt.%, the balance Mg.
6. The preparation method of the Mg-Gd-Y-Nd high-strength rare earth magnesium alloy according to any one of the claims 1 to 5, characterized by comprising the following steps:
taking pure Mg, pure Zn, pure Ag, an Mg-Zr intermediate alloy, an Mg-Gd intermediate alloy, an Mg-Y intermediate alloy, an Mg-Nd intermediate alloy and an Mg-Sc intermediate alloy as raw materials, mixing the raw materials according to the mass percentage of each element of the Mg-Gd-Y-Nd high-toughness rare earth magnesium alloy, smelting to obtain alloy liquid, and casting to obtain a casting;
step two, performing heat treatment on the casting at 500-520 ℃ for 6-12 h, and then air-cooling to room temperature to obtain a casting subjected to solution treatment;
and step three, performing heat treatment on the casting subjected to the solution treatment at the temperature of 200-250 ℃ for 12-48 h, and then performing air cooling to room temperature to obtain the Mg-Gd-Y-Nd high-strength rare earth magnesium alloy.
7. The preparation method of the Mg-Gd-Y-Nd high-strength rare earth magnesium alloy according to any one of the claims 1 to 5, characterized by comprising the following steps:
taking pure Mg, pure Zn, pure Ag, an Mg-Zr intermediate alloy, an Mg-Gd intermediate alloy, an Mg-Y intermediate alloy, an Mg-Nd intermediate alloy and an Mg-Sc intermediate alloy as raw materials, mixing the raw materials according to the mass percentage of each element of the Mg-Gd-Y-Nd high-toughness rare earth magnesium alloy, smelting to obtain alloy liquid, and casting the alloy liquid into a magnesium alloy cast blank;
homogenizing the magnesium alloy cast blank at 520-550 ℃ for 2-4 h, and processing the magnesium alloy cast blank into an extruded blank;
preheating the extrusion blank and the extrusion die at 300-400 ℃ for 2.0-2.5 hours respectively, and preparing an extrusion section through plastic deformation at the extrusion ratio of 8: 1-20: 1 and the extrusion speed of 0.01-1.0 m/min;
and step four, carrying out heat treatment on the extruded section at the temperature of 150-200 ℃ for 10-24 h to obtain the Mg-Gd-Y-Nd high-strength rare earth magnesium alloy.
8. The method for preparing the Mg-Gd-Y-Nd high-toughness rare earth magnesium alloy according to the claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the mass percent of Gd in the Mg-Gd intermediate alloy is 20-30 wt.%, the mass percent of Y in the Mg-Y intermediate alloy is 20-30 wt.%, the mass percent of Nd in the Mg-Nd intermediate alloy is 20-30 wt.%, and the mass percent of Sc in the Mg-Sc intermediate alloy is 1-3 wt.%.
9. The preparation method of the Mg-Gd-Y-Nd high-toughness rare earth magnesium alloy according to the claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the first step is:
1a) weighing pure Mg, pure Zn, pure Ag, Mg-Zr intermediate alloy, Mg-Gd intermediate alloy, Mg-Y intermediate alloy, Mg-Nd intermediate alloy and Mg-Sc intermediate alloy according to the mass percent of each element of the Mg-Gd-Y-Nd high-strength and high-toughness rare earth magnesium alloy, respectively cleaning, drying, smelting and preheating to 300 ℃;
1b) in CO2And SF6Under the protection of mixed gas, heating pure Mg, pure Zn, pure Ag, Mg-Gd intermediate alloy, Mg-Y intermediate alloy and Mg-Nd intermediate alloy to 680-750 ℃ until the pure Mg, the pure Zn, the pure Ag, the Mg-Gd intermediate alloy, the Mg-Y intermediate alloy and the Mg-Nd intermediate alloy are completely melted, heating the melt to 740-750 ℃, adding the Mg-Zr intermediate alloy and the Mg-Sc intermediate alloy, refining after the complete melting, stirring for 5-10 min, cooling to 680-700 ℃, standing for 20-40 min, and scraping scum on the surface of the melt to obtain alloy liquid.
10. The method for preparing the Mg-Gd-Y-Nd high-toughness rare earth magnesium alloy according to claim 9, wherein the CO is2And SF6Is 99.8: 0.2.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011309244.XA CN112410632B (en) | 2020-11-20 | 2020-11-20 | Mg-Gd-Y-Nd high-strength rare earth magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011309244.XA CN112410632B (en) | 2020-11-20 | 2020-11-20 | Mg-Gd-Y-Nd high-strength rare earth magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112410632A CN112410632A (en) | 2021-02-26 |
| CN112410632B true CN112410632B (en) | 2022-03-08 |
Family
ID=74773798
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011309244.XA Active CN112410632B (en) | 2020-11-20 | 2020-11-20 | Mg-Gd-Y-Nd high-strength rare earth magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN112410632B (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113667873A (en) * | 2021-09-03 | 2021-11-19 | 中北大学 | Preparation method of high-strength and high-toughness scandium-containing heat-resistant magnesium-gadolinium alloy ingot |
| CN113913634A (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2022-01-11 | 中北大学 | Method for preparing high-strength Sc-containing cast magnesium-gadolinium alloy |
| CN113913712A (en) * | 2021-10-09 | 2022-01-11 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Method for improving age hardening effect of magnesium alloy |
| CN114525421B (en) * | 2022-01-25 | 2023-03-14 | 台山市中镁科技有限公司 | Magnesium alloy and preparation method and application thereof |
Citations (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101463442A (en) * | 2009-01-15 | 2009-06-24 | 上海交通大学 | Casting magnesium alloy containing Ag and heavy rare earth and preparation thereof |
| CN101532105A (en) * | 2009-04-14 | 2009-09-16 | 河南科技大学 | Rare-earth magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN102392166A (en) * | 2011-10-27 | 2012-03-28 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Zr-series alloy large ingot and preparation method thereof |
| CN102618757A (en) * | 2012-04-13 | 2012-08-01 | 江汉大学 | Heat-resistant magnesium alloy |
| CN102634711A (en) * | 2012-04-25 | 2012-08-15 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | High-temperature high-toughness deformation magnesium alloy material and preparation method thereof |
| CN103045923A (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2013-04-17 | 常熟市东方特种金属材料厂 | Magnesium-gadolinium alloy |
| CN103484743A (en) * | 2013-10-17 | 2014-01-01 | 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 | Rare earth magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN104651692A (en) * | 2013-11-20 | 2015-05-27 | 沈阳工业大学 | High-strength and -toughness rare earth magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN107739947A (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2018-02-27 | 重庆理工大学 | A kind of Mg Y Mn Sc heat resistance magnesium alloys and preparation method thereof |
| CN107858616A (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-03-30 | 重庆市科学技术研究院 | A kind of high-strength high-plasticity Mg Gd Y Zn Nd Zr cast magnesium alloys and preparation method thereof |
| CN108774703A (en) * | 2018-08-23 | 2018-11-09 | 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 | A kind of high-strength light magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof containing Li |
| WO2020122472A2 (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2020-06-18 | 울산과학기술원 | Magnesium alloy material and method for producing same |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2550032B1 (en) * | 2010-03-25 | 2013-11-20 | Biotronik AG | Implant made of a biodegradable magnesium alloy |
-
2020
- 2020-11-20 CN CN202011309244.XA patent/CN112410632B/en active Active
Patent Citations (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101463442A (en) * | 2009-01-15 | 2009-06-24 | 上海交通大学 | Casting magnesium alloy containing Ag and heavy rare earth and preparation thereof |
| CN101532105A (en) * | 2009-04-14 | 2009-09-16 | 河南科技大学 | Rare-earth magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN102392166A (en) * | 2011-10-27 | 2012-03-28 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Zr-series alloy large ingot and preparation method thereof |
| CN102618757A (en) * | 2012-04-13 | 2012-08-01 | 江汉大学 | Heat-resistant magnesium alloy |
| CN102634711A (en) * | 2012-04-25 | 2012-08-15 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | High-temperature high-toughness deformation magnesium alloy material and preparation method thereof |
| CN103045923A (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2013-04-17 | 常熟市东方特种金属材料厂 | Magnesium-gadolinium alloy |
| CN103484743A (en) * | 2013-10-17 | 2014-01-01 | 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 | Rare earth magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN104651692A (en) * | 2013-11-20 | 2015-05-27 | 沈阳工业大学 | High-strength and -toughness rare earth magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN107739947A (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2018-02-27 | 重庆理工大学 | A kind of Mg Y Mn Sc heat resistance magnesium alloys and preparation method thereof |
| CN107858616A (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-03-30 | 重庆市科学技术研究院 | A kind of high-strength high-plasticity Mg Gd Y Zn Nd Zr cast magnesium alloys and preparation method thereof |
| CN108774703A (en) * | 2018-08-23 | 2018-11-09 | 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 | A kind of high-strength light magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof containing Li |
| WO2020122472A2 (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2020-06-18 | 울산과학기술원 | Magnesium alloy material and method for producing same |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| Mg-Gd-Y-Nd-Zr合金的组织与性能研究;刘轩;《国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库 工程科技Ⅰ辑》;20170331(第3期);B022-143 * |
| 微量Sc对Mg-7Gd-3Y合金组织及力学性能的影响;刘彪等;《特种铸造及有色合金》;20090731;第29卷(第7期);653-655 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN112410632A (en) | 2021-02-26 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN112410632B (en) | Mg-Gd-Y-Nd high-strength rare earth magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof | |
| CN108774703B (en) | Li-containing light high-strength magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof | |
| CN109022983B (en) | Sc-containing high-strength high-toughness magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof | |
| CN112779446B (en) | Multi-element microalloyed high-strength heat-resistant rare earth magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof | |
| CN109972003A (en) | High-elongation heat-resisting aluminium alloy and preparation method thereof suitable for gravitational casting | |
| CN111020321B (en) | Al-Cu series casting alloy suitable for forging processing and preparation method thereof | |
| CN110331319B (en) | High-strength and high-plasticity corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy containing scandium and erbium and preparation method thereof | |
| CN115418537B (en) | Heat treatment-free die-casting aluminum alloy and preparation method and application thereof | |
| CN110229984B (en) | High-strength Mg-Gd-Er-Y magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof | |
| CN115852214B (en) | High-strength and high-toughness aluminum alloy capable of being strengthened by heat treatment and preparation method thereof | |
| CN110983128A (en) | High-strength heat-resistant wrought aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof | |
| CN110669967A (en) | Rapid-extrusion high-strength wrought aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof | |
| CN111020309A (en) | High-strength wrought aluminum alloy containing rare earth samarium and preparation method thereof | |
| CN112921209A (en) | Ultrahigh-heat-conductivity high-plasticity medium-strength aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof | |
| CN111321324A (en) | High-toughness high-heat-conductivity die-casting aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof | |
| CN115261686A (en) | 3D printing aluminum-magnesium alloy powder and preparation method and application thereof | |
| CN113462930A (en) | Pressure casting aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof | |
| CN114703409B (en) | High-strength corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy and casting method thereof | |
| CN104561717B (en) | high performance heat resistant cast magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof | |
| CN110885941A (en) | High-toughness aluminum alloy material and preparation method thereof | |
| CN110791688A (en) | High-strength high-fracture-toughness aluminum alloy bar and preparation method thereof | |
| CN114855011A (en) | Superplastic semi-solid extrusion forming magnesium-lithium alloy and preparation method thereof | |
| CN110760728B (en) | Long-period structure reinforced high-strength heat-resistant magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof | |
| CN111286657A (en) | High-strength Mg-Gd-Zn-Zr-Ag magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof | |
| CN115369294B (en) | Heat-resistant Al-Mg-Cu-Zn alloy and heat treatment process |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |