CN101532105A - Rare-earth magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Rare-earth magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101532105A CN101532105A CN200910064645A CN200910064645A CN101532105A CN 101532105 A CN101532105 A CN 101532105A CN 200910064645 A CN200910064645 A CN 200910064645A CN 200910064645 A CN200910064645 A CN 200910064645A CN 101532105 A CN101532105 A CN 101532105A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rare-earth magnesium alloy, consisting of the following compositions in percentage by weight: 5 to 6 percent of Al, 0.6 to 2.4 percent of Y, 0.3 to 1.2 percent of Nd, 1.2 to 4.8 percent of Gd, less than 0.02 percent of gross amount of impurity elements, namely Fe, Cu and Ni, and the balance being Mg. The invention also discloses a method for preparing the rare-earth magnesium alloy. The rare-earth magnesium alloy Mg-Al-Y-Nd-Gd has excellent comprehensive mechanical performance, has the characteristics of high strength, good plastic property and relative stability of each performance after thermal treatment, and can meet the requirement of the alloy used in aero-space, weaponry, automobile and other fields.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of magnesium-rare earth, also relate to a kind of preparation method of this magnesium-rare earth simultaneously.
Background technology
Magnesium is the lightest structural metallic materials, on automobile, use increasing, the every loss of weight 100Kg of automobile, then 100Km fuel-economizing 0.5L has reduced exhaust emissions simultaneously, therefore carry out the Mg Alloy Research exploitation for save energy, suppress environmental pollution significance arranged.But because intensity and its application in aerospace, military project, automobile and other industry of the not good serious obstruction of thermotolerance of magnesium alloy, the intensity and the resistance toheat that therefore improve magnesium alloy are the important topics of development magnesium alloy materials.
The exploitation of existing heat resistance magnesium alloy is mainly started with from restriction dislocation motion and reinforcement crystal boundary, by suitable alloying, by introduce the second high phase of thermostability, reduce element in magnesium matrix rate of diffusion or improve the purpose that means such as grain boundary structure state and tissue morphology realize improving magnesium alloy heat resistance and high temperature creep drag.At present, in all alloying elements, rare earth (RE) element is to improve the most effective alloying element of magnesium alloy resistance toheat, rare earth element in magnesium alloy except having degasification, removal of impurities, raising casting fluidity, corrosion resisting property, most of rare earth element has bigger solid solubility limit in magnesium simultaneously, and descends with temperature, and solid solubility sharply reduces, can obtain bigger degree of supersaturation, thus in ag(e)ing process subsequently diffusion-precipitation, dystectic rare earth compound phase; The all right crystal grain thinning of rare earth element, raising room temperature strength, and be distributed in intracrystalline and crystal boundary (mainly being crystal boundary) disperse, the high-melting-point rare earth compound, still can pinning intracrystalline dislocation and crystal boundary slippage when high temperature, thus the hot strength of magnesium alloy improved; The rate of diffusion of rare earth element in magnesium matrix is slower simultaneously, and this makes that Mg-RE is that alloy is suitable for long term operation under the comparatively high temps environment.
As rare earth resources first big country, China is that the research of alloy is on the increase in recent years and is goed deep into about Mg-RE, and the research and development of magnesium-rare earth will help us to utilize this advantage.Up to the present, in design, preparation and the application process of magnesium-rare earth, mainly have the following disadvantages: at first, the content of rare earth element is bigger to every performance impact of final magnesium-rare earth, be difficult to control, very few rare earth content is not enough to improve the thermotolerance of alloy, too high rare earth content can be mingled with owing to rare earth and oxygen, H-H reaction generation, easily produces hot tearing in castingprocesses; Secondly, alternative rare earth element is more, and the interaction between the multiple rare earth element is comparatively complicated, by contrast, to this research relative deficiency also, the heat resisting magnesium-rare earth alloy kind of present alternative practical application is less, and performances such as its high temperature tensile strength can not satisfy its requirement in aerospace, military project, automobile and other industry fully.
Summary of the invention
The magnesium-rare earth that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of high-strength high-plasticity.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of preparation method of this magnesium-rare earth.
In order to realize above purpose, the technical scheme that magnesium-rare earth of the present invention adopted is: a kind of magnesium-rare earth, form by following component by mass percent: 5～6%Al, 0.6～2.4%Y, 0.3～1.2%Nd, 1.2～4.8%Gd, the total amount of impurity element Fe, Cu and Ni is less than 0.02%, and surplus is Mg.
Described rare earth element y, Nd, the mass percent sum of Gd is 3.5～7.0%.
This magnesium-rare earth is by magnesium, aluminium and master alloy Mg-Y, and Mg-Nd, Mg-Gd forms for the raw material melting.
The preparation method of magnesium-rare earth of the present invention comprises the steps:
1. with magnesium, aluminium, master alloy Mg-Y, Mg-Nd and Mg-Gd preheating;
2. with magnesium and aluminium at SF
6+ CO
2Mixed gas protected fusing down adds master alloy Mg-Y, Mg-Nd, Mg-Gd in 720～740 ℃;
3. behind material melting, remove surface scum, after being risen to 770～780 ℃, temperature stops to heat up;
4. treat that temperature reduces to 690～720 ℃ and cast, obtain cast alloy;
5. obtain magnesium-rare earth after cast alloy being heat-treated.
The 1. described preheating temperature of step is 120～150 ℃.
Described thermal treatment is: the cast alloy that obtains is carried out solution treatment and ageing treatment successively.
The treatment temp of described solution treatment is 400～500 ℃, and the treatment time is 10～30 hours.
The treatment temp of described ageing treatment is 190～240 ℃, and the treatment time is 8～25 hours.
During described casting with mould and die preheating to 200～250 ℃.
The component of magnesium-rare earth of the present invention is Mg-Al-Y-Nd-Gd.Heavy rare earth Gd and the Y maximum solid solution degree in magnesium is respectively 20.3wt% and 11.5wt%, and Gd and Y are the bigger elements of solid solubility in the rare earth element.In magnesium-rare earth binary alloy, the hot strength of Mg-Gd and creep property performance are the most remarkable, secondly are Mg-Y.The equilibrium phase of separating out of two kinds of alloys is respectively Mg
5Gd and Mg
24Y
5, have high melt point, the room temperature and the mechanical behavior under high temperature of magnesium alloy produced strengthening effect preferably.The Nd element that adds in the magnesium alloy can produce synergy with main strengthening element Gd and Y, makes winner's strengthening element produce better strengthening effect to the room temperature and the mechanical behavior under high temperature of magnesium alloy.
Al is an alloying element important in the magnesium alloy, and bigger solid solution ability is arranged in magnesium matrix, and maximum solid solubility is 12.7wt%, and Al plays the effect of reinforcement in magnesium alloy, and its strengthening effect is mainly reflected in two aspects, the one, and by forming β-Mg
17Al
12Second of phase is strengthened mutually, and the 2nd, the solution strengthening of Al atom in magnesium matrix.After in the Mg matrix, adding the Al element, form β-Mg
17Al
12Phase, and exist with the form of divorced eutectic, when the RE element was arranged in the alloy, Al can form the Al-RE dispersion-strengthened mutually with RE.β-the Mg of too high levels
17Al
12Meeting influences the thermotolerance of magnesium alloy, and therefore the content of Al is controlled at below the 6wt% in magnesium alloy; Yet the Al that content is low excessively can damage the castability of magnesium alloy, and the content of Al should not be lower than 5wt%.The Al content of magnesium-rare earth of the present invention is 5～6wt%.
Magnesium-rare earth Mg-Al-Y-Nd-Gd of the present invention has a good comprehensive mechanical properties, magnesium-rare earth after solution treatment and ageing treatment has the intensity height, plasticity is good, the metastable characteristics of every performance can satisfy its requirement in aerospace, military project, automobile and other industry.
Embodiment
The raw material Mg that relates in the embodiment of the invention, Al, Mg-Nd, Mg-Gd, Mg-Y is commercially available product, and the purity of described marketable material is: 99.9%Mg, 99.9%Al, 99.5% Mg-25.26%Gd, 99.5% Mg-24.54%Y, 99.5% Mg-17.33%Nd.
Embodiment 1
The magnesium-rare earth of present embodiment is made up of following component by mass percent: 6%Al, and 0.6%Y, 0.3%Nd, 3%Gd, the total amount of impurity element Fe, Cu and Ni is less than 0.02%, and surplus is Mg.Its middle-weight rare earths total content is 3.9%.
The preparation method of the magnesium-rare earth of present embodiment is:
Prepare alloy according to above-mentioned proportioning, adopt medium-frequency induction furnace, high purity graphite crucible for smelting.Earlier magnesium, aluminium and master alloy Mg-Nd, Mg-Y, Mg-Gd are preheated to 150 ℃, the steel sprue cup is preheated to 600 ℃, and is standby; Then magnesium, aluminium are put into the crucible that is preheating to about 500 ℃, at SF
6+ CO
2Under mixed gas protected, high-power rapid heating treats that magnesium, aluminium fusing back add master alloy Mg-Y, Mg-Nd, Mg-Gd at 740 ℃, treat to remove surface scum after its fusing is adopted, small power slowly heats, and when the magnesium liquid temp rises to 780 ℃, closes governor circuit, leaves standstill; Treat to cast after magnesium liquid is cooled to 720 ℃, casting is heated to 250 ℃ in advance with steel die, obtains the Mg-Al-Y-Nd-Gd cast alloy at last.The cast alloy that obtains is heat-treated: 400 ℃ of insulation shrends of coming out of the stove in 30 hours down, air cooling after 190 ℃ insulation was come out of the stove in 25 hours down obtains magnesium-rare earth.
The stretching test method of present embodiment magnesium-rare earth: the sample after solid solution aging is handled, be processed into 5 times of standard tensile samples according to standard GB 6397-86 " metal stretching experimental sample ".Tension specimen at high temperature need be in the requirement of sample two ends machining screw with the clamping device that satisfies the drawing by high temperature sample.Electronics is stretching on the accurate universal testing machine of day island proper Tianjin AG-I250kN and carries out, and draw speed is 1mm/min.During drawing by high temperature, to tension specimen insulation 15 minutes, temperature fluctuation ± 1 ℃ stretched then under relevant temperature.
The prepared magnesium-rare earth of present embodiment, its room temperature tensile strength is 257MPa, unit elongation is 9.9%; 150 ℃ tensile strength is 256MPa, and unit elongation is 14.4%; 175 ℃ tensile strength is 226MPa, and unit elongation is 16.9%; 200 ℃ tensile strength is 184MPa, and unit elongation is 17.0%.The prepared magnesium-rare earth intensity of present embodiment height, plasticity are good, can satisfy its requirement in aerospace, military project, automobile and other industry.
Embodiment 2
The magnesium-rare earth of present embodiment is made up of following component by mass percent: 5.5%Al, and 1.4%Y, 0.8%Nd, 4.8%Gd, the total amount of impurity element Fe, Cu and Ni is less than 0.02%, and surplus is Mg.Its middle-weight rare earths total content is 7%.
The preparation method of the magnesium-rare earth of present embodiment is:
Prepare alloy according to above-mentioned proportioning, adopt medium-frequency induction furnace, high purity graphite crucible for smelting.Earlier magnesium, aluminium and master alloy Mg-Nd, Mg-Y, Mg-Gd are preheated to 130 ℃, the steel sprue cup is preheated to 500 ℃, and is standby; Then magnesium, aluminium are put into the crucible that is preheating to about 500 ℃, at SF
6+ CO
2Under mixed gas protected, high-power rapid heating treats that magnesium, aluminium fusing back add master alloy Mg-Y, Mg-Nd, Mg-Gd at 730 ℃, treat its fusing back removal surface scum, small power slowly heats, and when the magnesium liquid temp rises to 770 ℃, closes governor circuit, leaves standstill; Treat to cast after magnesium liquid is cooled to 710 ℃, casting is heated to 230 ℃ in advance with steel die, obtains the Mg-Al-Y-Nd-Gd cast alloy at last.The cast alloy that obtains is heat-treated: 450 ℃ of insulation shrends of coming out of the stove in 20 hours down, air cooling after 220 ℃ insulation was come out of the stove in 18 hours down obtains magnesium-rare earth.
The stretching test method of present embodiment magnesium-rare earth is with embodiment 1
The magnesium-rare earth of present embodiment gained, its room temperature tensile strength is 244MPa, unit elongation is 9.0%; 150 ℃ tensile strength is 240MPa, and unit elongation is 11.3%; 175 ℃ tensile strength is 218MPa, and unit elongation is 12.5%; 200 ℃ tensile strength is 182MPa, and unit elongation is 13.6%.Magnesium-rare earth intensity height of the present invention, plasticity are good, can satisfy its requirement in aerospace, military project, automobile and other industry.
Embodiment 3
The magnesium-rare earth of present embodiment is made up of following component by mass percent: 5%Al, and 2.4%Y, 1.2%Nd, 1.2%Gd, the total amount of impurity element Fe, Cu and Ni is less than 0.02%, and surplus is Mg.Its middle-weight rare earths total content is 4.8%.
The preparation method of the magnesium-rare earth of present embodiment is:
Prepare alloy according to above-mentioned proportioning, adopt medium-frequency induction furnace, high purity graphite crucible for smelting.Earlier magnesium, aluminium and master alloy Mg-Nd, Mg-Y, Mg-Gd are preheated to 120 ℃, the steel sprue cup is preheated to 500 ℃, and is standby; Then magnesium, aluminium are put into the crucible that is preheating to about 500 ℃, at SF
6+ CO
2Under mixed gas protected, high-power rapid heating treats that magnesium, aluminium fusing back add master alloy Mg-Y, Mg-Nd, Mg-Gd at 720 ℃, treat its fusing back removal surface scum, small power slowly heats, and when the magnesium liquid temp rises to 775 ℃, closes governor circuit, leaves standstill; Treat to cast after magnesium liquid is cooled to 690 ℃, casting is heated to 200 ℃ in advance with steel die, obtains the Mg-Al-Y-Nd-Gd cast alloy at last.The cast alloy that obtains is heat-treated: 500 ℃ of insulation shrends of coming out of the stove in 10 hours down, air cooling after 240 ℃ insulation was come out of the stove in 8 hours down obtains magnesium-rare earth.
The stretching test method of present embodiment magnesium-rare earth is with embodiment 1
The magnesium-rare earth of present embodiment gained, room temperature tensile strength 256MPa, unit elongation 9.5%; 150 ℃ of tensile strength 254MPa, unit elongation 9.9%; 175 ℃ of tensile strength 224MPa, unit elongation 12.0%; 200 ℃ of tensile strength 175MPa, unit elongation 12.5%.Magnesium-rare earth intensity height of the present invention, plasticity are good, can satisfy its requirement in aerospace, military project, automobile and other industry.
It should be noted last that, above example only is illustrative rather than definitive thereof technical scheme of the present invention, although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to the foregoing description, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, still can make amendment or be equal to replacement the present invention, and not breaking away from any modification or partial replacement of the spirit and scope of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1, a kind of magnesium-rare earth is characterized in that: be made up of following component by mass percent: 5～6% Al, and 0.6～2.4% Y, 0.3～1.2% Nd, 1.2～4.8% Gd, the total amount of impurity element Fe, Cu and Ni is less than 0.02%, and surplus is Mg.
2, magnesium-rare earth according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described rare earth element y, and Nd, the mass percent sum of Gd is 3.5～7.0%.
3, magnesium-rare earth according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: this magnesium-rare earth is by magnesium, aluminium and master alloy Mg-Y, and Mg-Nd, Mg-Gd forms for the raw material melting.
4, a kind of preparation method of magnesium-rare earth according to claim 1 is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
1. with magnesium, aluminium, master alloy Mg-Y, Mg-Nd and Mg-Gd preheating;
2. with magnesium and aluminium at SF
6+ CO
2Mixed gas protected fusing down adds master alloy Mg-Y, Mg-Nd, Mg-Gd in 720～740 ℃;
3. behind material melting, remove surface scum, after being risen to 770～780 ℃, temperature stops to heat up;
4. treat that temperature reduces to 690～720 ℃ and cast, obtain cast alloy;
5. obtain magnesium-rare earth after cast alloy being heat-treated.
5, according to the preparation method of the described magnesium-rare earth of claim 4, it is characterized in that: the 1. described preheating temperature of step is 120～150 ℃.
6, according to the preparation method of the described magnesium-rare earth of claim 4, it is characterized in that: described thermal treatment is: the cast alloy that obtains is carried out solution treatment and ageing treatment successively.
7, according to the preparation method of the described magnesium-rare earth of claim 4, it is characterized in that: the treatment temp of described solution treatment is 400～500 ℃, and the treatment time is 10～30 hours.
8, according to the preparation method of the described magnesium-rare earth of claim 4, it is characterized in that: the treatment temp of described ageing treatment is 190～240 ℃, and the treatment time is 8～25 hours.
9, according to the preparation method of the described magnesium-rare earth of claim 4, it is characterized in that: during described casting with mould and die preheating to 200～250 ℃.
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102002654A (en) * | 2010-12-15 | 2011-04-06 | 重庆研镁科技有限公司 | Heat treatment process for improving strength and plasticity of magnesium alloy |
| CN102644013A (en) * | 2012-05-07 | 2012-08-22 | 江汉大学 | High-strength and high-elongation cast magnesium alloy and production method thereof |
| CN102660718A (en) * | 2012-05-17 | 2012-09-12 | 南昌大学 | Method for thermal treatment of rare earth magnesium alloy |
| CN104233027A (en) * | 2014-06-06 | 2014-12-24 | 河南科技大学 | Flame-retardant high-strength magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN106191591A (en) * | 2016-06-08 | 2016-12-07 | 南阳师范学院 | A kind of high-strength temperature-resistant compound rare-earth magnesium alloy |
| CN106987746A (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2017-07-28 | 河南科技大学 | A kind of water heater cast magnesium alloy anode material and preparation method thereof |
| CN107099714A (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2017-08-29 | 河南科技大学 | A kind of magnesium-rare earth and preparation method thereof |
| CN109136598A (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2019-01-04 | 河南科技大学 | A kind of magnalium indium rare earth anode material and preparation method thereof, magnesium air battery |
| CN110423928A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2019-11-08 | 河南科技大学 | A kind of high-strength anti-flaming magnesium alloy |
| CN112410632A (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-02-26 | 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 | Mg-Gd-Y-Nd high-strength rare earth magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN113234979A (en) * | 2021-06-22 | 2021-08-10 | 镁里镁(北京)科技有限公司 | High-strength rare earth wrought magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
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2009
- 2009-04-14 CN CN200910064645A patent/CN101532105A/en active Pending
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102002654A (en) * | 2010-12-15 | 2011-04-06 | 重庆研镁科技有限公司 | Heat treatment process for improving strength and plasticity of magnesium alloy |
| CN102644013A (en) * | 2012-05-07 | 2012-08-22 | 江汉大学 | High-strength and high-elongation cast magnesium alloy and production method thereof |
| CN102660718A (en) * | 2012-05-17 | 2012-09-12 | 南昌大学 | Method for thermal treatment of rare earth magnesium alloy |
| CN104233027A (en) * | 2014-06-06 | 2014-12-24 | 河南科技大学 | Flame-retardant high-strength magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN104233027B (en) * | 2014-06-06 | 2017-03-22 | 河南科技大学 | Flame-retardant high-strength magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN106191591A (en) * | 2016-06-08 | 2016-12-07 | 南阳师范学院 | A kind of high-strength temperature-resistant compound rare-earth magnesium alloy |
| CN106987746A (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2017-07-28 | 河南科技大学 | A kind of water heater cast magnesium alloy anode material and preparation method thereof |
| CN107099714A (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2017-08-29 | 河南科技大学 | A kind of magnesium-rare earth and preparation method thereof |
| CN110423928A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2019-11-08 | 河南科技大学 | A kind of high-strength anti-flaming magnesium alloy |
| CN109136598A (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2019-01-04 | 河南科技大学 | A kind of magnalium indium rare earth anode material and preparation method thereof, magnesium air battery |
| CN112410632A (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-02-26 | 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 | Mg-Gd-Y-Nd high-strength rare earth magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN112410632B (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2022-03-08 | 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 | Mg-Gd-Y-Nd high-strength rare earth magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN113234979A (en) * | 2021-06-22 | 2021-08-10 | 镁里镁(北京)科技有限公司 | High-strength rare earth wrought magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
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