CN112377256A - Impact danger large-diameter drilling hole inspection method based on microseism monitoring - Google Patents
Impact danger large-diameter drilling hole inspection method based on microseism monitoring Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012567 pattern recognition method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
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Abstract
The invention discloses an impact danger large-diameter drilling inspection method based on microseism monitoring, which is used for predicting the range of an impact danger area and the impact danger level; distributing a plurality of large-diameter drill hole groups in a predicted impact danger area and an adjacent impact danger-free area; acquiring the position, energy and frequency of a microseismic event generated during the construction of each large-diameter drilling group by using a microseismic monitoring system; determining an impact dangerous area according to the area where the position, the energy and the frequency of the microseismic event are located; determining the impact risk level of each adjacent area according to the maximum microseismic energy and the microseismic frequency of the adjacent area of each large-diameter drill hole group; and comparing the predicted impact danger area range and impact danger level with the tested impact danger area and impact danger level to finish the testing process. The invention can test the predicted impact risk of the impact risk area, thereby accurately obtaining the range of the impact risk area and the risk degree thereof and facilitating the subsequent pressure relief treatment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an impact risk field inspection method, in particular to an impact risk large-diameter drilling inspection method based on microseism monitoring.
Background
The occurrence conditions of coal resources in China are complex, the stope stress environment is continuously worsened along with the increase of the mining depth in recent years, dynamic disasters such as rock burst and the like frequently occur, and the safety production of mines and the life safety of personnel are seriously threatened. Impact risk monitoring and early warning and field inspection are of great importance for rock burst prevention and control. The impact risk monitoring and early warning mainly comprises methods of regional micro-seismic monitoring, local stress online, drill cuttings, electromagnetic radiation and the like, and after the impact risk early warning, on-site inspection measures are still needed to be taken to further confirm whether the impact risk and the distribution region exist or not. At present, the impact danger field inspection method is mainly a drilling cutting method. The drilling cutting method is a method for drilling holes in a coal seam in a construction mode, impact risks are identified according to the amount and change rule of coal dust discharged per meter and relevant dynamic phenomena in the drilling process, and the drilling cutting method is widely applied due to the advantages of flexible operation, reliable monitoring results and the like. However, as the mining depth increases, the occurrence conditions of the coal seam are more complex, a considerable number of mines are seriously influenced by the top and bottom plate pressure-bearing water, the water content in the coal seam is high, and even water gushes occur in the drilling construction process, so that the drilling cutting method is difficult to implement.
The microseismic event mainly comprises the time, space, strength and related seismic source parameters of the micro-fracture of the coal rock brittle material under the combined action of static load and dynamic load. If the coal body has impact danger, the stress state is higher, dynamic load disturbance can be generated to the coal body within a certain range in the large-diameter drilling construction process, and micro-seismic events can be induced when the coal body has high static load stress and the large-diameter drilling dynamic load disturbance share the action.
At present, microseismic monitoring systems are installed in more mines, particularly in dangerous mines with disasters such as rock burst and the like, so that effective monitoring of mine microseismic events can be realized, and a microseismic monitoring technology is an important means for researching dynamic disasters such as rock burst and the like. However, there is no method for verifying and determining the impact danger zone and the danger degree thereof by monitoring the microseismic events induced by the large-diameter drill hole through a microseismic monitoring system.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides an impact risk large-diameter drilling inspection method based on microseismic monitoring, which can be used for inspecting the impact risk of a predicted impact risk area, so that the range and the risk degree of the impact risk area can be accurately obtained, and the subsequent pressure relief treatment is facilitated.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a method for testing impact danger large-diameter drill holes based on microseismic monitoring comprises the following specific steps:
(1) predicting the impact danger area range and the impact danger level: predicting the range of an impact danger area and the impact danger level in front of a working face by using a known impact danger prediction method; the existing mine micro-seismic monitoring system needs to be capable of effectively surrounding the predicted impact dangerous area, otherwise, the arrangement position of the micro-seismic monitoring system needs to be adjusted to ensure that the predicted impact dangerous area is effectively surrounded;
(2) laying a plurality of large-diameter drill hole groups in an initially predicted impact danger area and an adjacent impact danger-free area: uniformly distributing a plurality of large-diameter drill hole groups along the direction of a roadway in the predicted impact dangerous area obtained in the step (1); selecting a region which is more than 100m away from a predicted impact dangerous region, is not influenced by mining and has no geological structure effect as an impact dangerous region, and arranging at least two large-diameter drill hole groups in the impact dangerous region, wherein the distance between adjacent large-diameter drill hole groups in the two regions is a, each large-diameter drill hole group is provided with at least 3 large-diameter drill holes, and the distance between adjacent large-diameter drill holes in each group is b; sequentially constructing each large-diameter drill hole group in two areas during the production stop period of a working face, and keeping the same construction parameters when each group is constructed;
(3) acquiring the position, energy and frequency of a microseismic event generated during the construction of each large-diameter drilling group by using a microseismic monitoring system: the existing microseismic monitoring system of the mine is utilized to monitor microseismic signals generated in the surrounding area during the construction of each large-diameter drilling group in real time, and the microseismic monitoring system analyzes and processes the microseismic signals, so that the position, energy and frequency of microseismic events generated during the construction of all the large-diameter drilling groups are obtained;
(4) determining an impact danger area according to the area where the microseismic event position, energy and frequency are located: selecting microseismic events with the maximum microseismic energy of 2 th power or more from all the microseismic events obtained in the step (3), and determining a distribution area of the microseismic events of 2 th power or more by taking the microseismic event position of 2 th power as a boundary, wherein the distribution area is determined as an impact dangerous area after inspection;
(5) according to the maximum microseismic energy and the microseismic frequency of the adjacent area of each large-diameter drill hole group, determining the impact risk level of each adjacent area: counting the primarily predicted maximum microseismic energy and microseismic frequency of the adjacent area of each large-diameter drilling group in the impact risk area, determining the impact risk level of each adjacent area according to the following judgment standard of the maximum microseismic energy and the microseismic frequency, and determining the impact risk level of the adjacent area by using the higher corresponding impact risk level of the maximum microseismic energy and the impact risk level of the microseismic frequency if the impact risk level corresponding to the maximum microseismic energy is not consistent with the impact risk level corresponding to the microseismic frequency in the same adjacent area;
the judgment standard is the maximum microseismic energy EmaxIs Emax＜1×102J、1×102J≤Emax＜1×103J、1×103J≤Emax＜1×104J and Emax≥1×104J, respectively corresponding to the impact risk grades of no, weak, medium and strong;
comparing the microseismic frequency with the maximum value of the mineral earthquake frequency of the adjacent area of each large-diameter drilling group in the area without impact risk, wherein the microseismic frequency is less than 2 times, more than 5 times and more than 10 times respectively, and the microseismic frequency corresponds to the impact risk grade of no, weak, medium and strong respectively; .
(6) And comparing the predicted impact danger area range and impact danger level with the tested impact danger area and impact danger level to finish the testing process.
Further, the known impact risk prediction method comprises a comprehensive index method, a multi-factor mode identification method, a multi-factor coupling analysis method, a shock wave CT inversion method, an electromagnetic radiation method and a mine pressure observation method.
Further, in the step (2), a is 10-30 m, b is 1-3 m, and the depth of the large-diameter drill hole is 20-40 m; the diameter of the large-diameter drill hole is 100-200 mm.
Further, the construction parameters in the step (2) comprise a drilling angle, a drill rod rotating speed, a drilling speed and a drilling depth.
Furthermore, the adjacent area is a range of a/2 on each side of the large-diameter drill hole group along the roadway.
Compared with the prior art, the method comprises the steps of determining the impact dangerous area and the impact dangerous grade in front of the working face by a known prediction method, and then combining the existing micro-seismic monitoring system with the large-diameter drilling construction, so that the predicted impact dangerous area and the predicted impact dangerous grade are tested, and finally the range and the impact dangerous grade of the impact dangerous area are accurately obtained; and after the large-diameter drilling hole in coal body construction is inspected, the large-diameter drilling hole can be used as a subsequent pressure relief hole, so that the dual purposes of one hole are realized, and the function of the large-diameter drilling hole is effectively expanded, so that the method has important significance in improving the reliability of the detection result of the impact risk of the coal bed, particularly a water-containing coal bed, guiding accurate pressure relief and ensuring the safety of mine production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic layout diagram of a drilling inspection method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the positions of impact risk areas and impact risk levels preliminarily predicted by using a seismic wave CT inversion method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic layout of a borehole inspection according to the present invention based on the preliminary predicted impact hazard zone and impact hazard class determined in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of microseismic events and impact hazard test results in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further explained below.
The embodiment aims at the fact that a working face of a certain ore 205 in an Binxian mining area has a strong impact risk, the average buried depth of a coal layer of the working face is 950m, the actually measured maximum horizontal stress is 44MPa, the coal layer is at a higher stress level, and overshoot appears in the stoping process. The mine is provided with the microseismic monitoring system, the working face area 205 can be effectively surrounded, and the monitoring precision of microseismic events in the area is higher; as shown in fig. 1, the specific steps are as follows:
(1) predicting the impact danger area range and the impact danger level: predicting the range and the impact risk level of an impact risk area in front of the 205 working surface by using a seismic wave CT inversion method, wherein one impact risk area is 450-550 m in front of the 205 working surface along the direction of a roadway, and the maximum impact risk level is strong impact risk;
(2) laying a plurality of large-diameter drill hole groups in an initially predicted impact danger area and an adjacent impact danger-free area: uniformly distributing 5 large-diameter drill hole groups along the trend of the roadway in the predicted impact dangerous area obtained in the step (1); selecting an area which is more than 100m away from a predicted impact dangerous area, is not influenced by mining and has no geological structure effect as a non-impact dangerous area, arranging 2 large-diameter drill hole groups in the non-impact dangerous area, wherein the distance between adjacent large-diameter drill hole groups in the two areas is 25m, each large-diameter drill hole group is internally provided with 3 large-diameter drill holes, the distance between adjacent large-diameter drill holes in each group is 1m, the depth of each large-diameter drill hole is 30m, and the diameter of each large-diameter drill hole is 150mm, and as shown in figure 3, sequentially constructing each large-diameter drill hole group in the two areas during the production stop of a working face, and keeping the same construction parameters when each group is constructed;
(3) acquiring the position, energy and frequency of a microseismic event generated during the construction of each large-diameter drilling group by using a microseismic monitoring system: the method comprises the steps that the existing micro-seismic monitoring system of a mine is utilized to monitor micro-seismic signals generated in the surrounding area when 7 large-diameter drilling groups are constructed in real time, the micro-seismic monitoring system analyzes and processes the micro-seismic signals, so that the positions, energy and frequency of micro-seismic events generated during the construction of all the large-diameter drilling groups are obtained, as shown in figure 4, the distribution of more or even large-energy micro-seismic events can be seen in a predicted impact risk area, only sporadic micro-seismic events are distributed in a predicted impact risk-free area, and the maximum energy of micro-seismic is less than 2 times;
(4) determining an impact danger area according to the area where the microseismic event position, energy and frequency are located: selecting microseismic events with the maximum microseismic energy of 2 th power and above from all the microseismic events obtained in the step (3), determining a distribution area of the microseismic events of 2 th power and above by taking the microseismic event position of 2 th power as a boundary, wherein the distribution area is in a range of 455-560 m in front of a 205 working surface along the direction of a roadway, and the distribution area is determined as an impact dangerous area after inspection, as shown in fig. 4;
(5) according to the maximum microseismic energy and the microseismic frequency of the adjacent area of each large-diameter drill hole group, determining the impact risk level of each adjacent area: counting preliminarily predicted maximum microseismic energy and microseismic frequency of adjacent regions of each large-diameter drilling group in the impact risk region (namely, 12.5m ranges of each large-diameter drilling group along two sides of the roadway), determining the impact risk level of each adjacent region according to the following judgment standard of the maximum microseismic energy and the microseismic frequency, and determining that the corresponding impact risk level in the two regions is higher as the impact risk level of the adjacent region if the impact risk level corresponding to the maximum microseismic energy is not consistent with the impact risk level corresponding to the microseismic frequency in the same adjacent region;
the judgment isThe criterion is the maximum energy E of the microseismsmaxIs Emax＜1×102J、1×102J≤Emax＜1×103J、1×103J≤Emax＜1×104J and Emax≥1×104J, respectively corresponding to the impact risk grades of no, weak, medium and strong;
comparing the microseismic frequency with the maximum value of the mineral earthquake frequency of the adjacent area of each large-diameter drilling group in the area without impact risk, wherein the microseismic frequency is less than 2 times, more than 5 times and more than 10 times respectively, and the microseismic frequency corresponds to the impact risk grade of no, weak, medium and strong respectively;
because the frequency of the mine earthquake of the drill hole group 6 in the non-impact dangerous area is 1, the maximum frequency of the mine earthquake in the drill hole group 7 is 2, the maximum value of the two is 2, and the maximum energy of the microseismic of the drill hole group 1 is 2.2 multiplied by 102J, 2-power events with the frequency of 3 are determined, and the impact risk is determined to be weak; the maximum microseismic energy of the drill hole group 2 is 4.2 multiplied by 104J, 4-power events with the frequency of 8 are determined, and the impact risk is determined to be high; the maximum microseismic energy of the drill hole group 3 is 5.0 multiplied by 104J, 4-power events with frequency of 10 are determined, and the impact risk is determined to be high; the maximum microseismic energy of the drill hole group 4 is 5.5 multiplied by 103J, 3-power events with the frequency of 6 are determined, and the impact risk is determined to be medium; the maximum microseismic energy of the drill hole group 5 is 3.6 multiplied by 102J, 2 events with frequency of 2, and determining that the impact risk is weak.
(6) And comparing the range and the impact risk level of the predicted impact risk area with the impact risk area and the impact risk level after the test, determining that the large-diameter test result of the impact risk is basically consistent with the early prediction result, and finishing the test process.
Claims (5)
1. A method for testing impact danger large-diameter drill holes based on microseismic monitoring is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
(1) predicting the impact danger area range and the impact danger level: predicting the range of an impact danger area and the impact danger level in front of a working face by using a known impact danger prediction method;
(2) laying a plurality of large-diameter drill hole groups in an initially predicted impact danger area and an adjacent impact danger-free area: uniformly distributing a plurality of large-diameter drill hole groups along the direction of a roadway in the predicted impact dangerous area obtained in the step (1); selecting a region which is more than 100m away from a predicted impact dangerous region, is not influenced by mining and has no geological structure effect as an impact dangerous region, and arranging at least two large-diameter drill hole groups in the impact dangerous region, wherein the distance between adjacent large-diameter drill hole groups in the two regions is a, each large-diameter drill hole group is provided with at least 3 large-diameter drill holes, and the distance between adjacent large-diameter drill holes in each group is b; sequentially constructing each large-diameter drill hole group in two areas during the production stop period of a working face, and keeping the same construction parameters when each group is constructed;
(3) acquiring the position, energy and frequency of a microseismic event generated during the construction of each large-diameter drilling group by using a microseismic monitoring system: the existing microseismic monitoring system of the mine is utilized to monitor microseismic signals generated in the surrounding area during the construction of each large-diameter drilling group in real time, and the microseismic monitoring system analyzes and processes the microseismic signals, so that the position, energy and frequency of microseismic events generated during the construction of all the large-diameter drilling groups are obtained;
(4) determining an impact danger area according to the area where the microseismic event position, energy and frequency are located: selecting microseismic events with the maximum microseismic energy of 2 th power or more from all the microseismic events obtained in the step (3), and determining a distribution area of the microseismic events of 2 th power or more by taking the microseismic event position of 2 th power as a boundary, wherein the distribution area is determined as an impact dangerous area after inspection;
(5) according to the maximum microseismic energy and the microseismic frequency of the adjacent area of each large-diameter drill hole group, determining the impact risk level of each adjacent area: counting the primarily predicted maximum microseismic energy and microseismic frequency of the adjacent area of each large-diameter drilling group in the impact risk area, determining the impact risk level of each adjacent area according to the following judgment standard of the maximum microseismic energy and the microseismic frequency, and determining the impact risk level of the adjacent area by using the higher corresponding impact risk level of the maximum microseismic energy and the impact risk level of the microseismic frequency if the impact risk level corresponding to the maximum microseismic energy is not consistent with the impact risk level corresponding to the microseismic frequency in the same adjacent area;
the judgment standard is the maximum microseismic energy EmaxIs Emax＜1×102J、1×102J≤Emax＜1×103J、1×103J≤Emax＜1×104J and Emax≥1×104J, respectively corresponding to the impact risk grades of no, weak, medium and strong;
comparing the microseismic frequency with the maximum value of the mineral earthquake frequency of the adjacent area of each large-diameter drilling group in the area without impact risk, wherein the microseismic frequency is less than 2 times, more than 5 times and more than 10 times respectively, and the microseismic frequency corresponds to the impact risk grade of no, weak, medium and strong respectively; .
(6) And comparing the predicted impact danger area range and impact danger level with the tested impact danger area and impact danger level to finish the testing process.
2. The method for inspecting large-diameter impact risk boreholes based on microseismic monitoring as recited in claim 1, wherein the known impact risk prediction methods comprise a comprehensive index method, a multi-factor pattern recognition method, a multi-factor coupling analysis method, a seismic wave CT inversion method, an electromagnetic radiation method and a pressure observation method.
3. The method for inspecting impact-dangerous large-diameter drill holes based on microseismic monitoring as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (2), a is 10-30 m, b is 1-3 m, and the depth of the large-diameter drill holes is 20-40 m; the diameter of the large-diameter drill hole is 100-200 mm.
4. The method for inspecting impact-dangerous large-diameter drill hole based on microseismic monitoring as claimed in claim 1, wherein the construction parameters in the step (2) comprise a drill hole angle, a drill rod rotating speed, a drilling speed and a drill hole depth.
5. The method for inspecting impact-dangerous large-diameter drill holes based on microseismic monitoring as claimed in claim 1, wherein the adjacent area is a/2 of the area of each side of the large-diameter drill hole group along the roadway.
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