CN112374615A - Method for optimizing Coriolus versicolor decomposed straw to improve decomposition liquid algae inhibition effect - Google Patents

Method for optimizing Coriolus versicolor decomposed straw to improve decomposition liquid algae inhibition effect Download PDF

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CN112374615A
CN112374615A CN202011347875.0A CN202011347875A CN112374615A CN 112374615 A CN112374615 A CN 112374615A CN 202011347875 A CN202011347875 A CN 202011347875A CN 112374615 A CN112374615 A CN 112374615A
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algae
coriolus versicolor
straw
optimizing
decomposing
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CN112374615B (en
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胡景
肖溪
科柯伊特尔·艾飞勇
唐韬
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/32Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae

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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for optimizing coriolus versicolor decomposed straws and improving the algae inhibition effect of the decomposed liquid. The method can effectively shorten the lag phase of the straw for exerting the algae inhibiting effect and improve the algae inhibiting effect of the straw decomposition solution. The method has the advantages of wide material, low cost, simple operation, strong practicability and the like, has good inhibition effect on the algae causing the red tide, and does not generate secondary pollution.

Description

Method for optimizing Coriolus versicolor decomposed straw to improve decomposition liquid algae inhibition effect
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of water body pollution control, and particularly relates to a method for optimizing the decomposing straw of coriolus versicolor (Trametes versicolor) to improve the decomposing liquid algae inhibition effect.
Background
The outbreak of harmful algae caused by water eutrophication is one of the important problems to be solved urgently under the background of global warming, and the influence on the society is reflected in various aspects such as destroying the ecological landscape of a water area, harming the development of aquatic animals, threatening the safety of public drinking water and the like.
At present, harmful algae outbreak treatment methods are classified into 3 types, namely chemistry, physics and biology, according to action mechanisms. The chemical method mainly depends on heavy metal salt, flocculating agent, algaecide and the like to achieve the aim of killing harmful algae, and has the characteristics of quick response, good killing effect, poor specificity and great toxic and side effects. The physical methods mainly comprise fishing, filtering, ultrasonic treatment, flotation and the like, but have the defects of low effective action, poor specificity and high energy consumption. The biological method mainly depends on the interaction between organisms, such as biological manipulation technology, allelopathy and the like, to achieve the purpose of inhibiting the growth of algae, and has strong specificity, environmental friendliness and great development potential.
Crop stalks reported to have an algae-inhibiting effect include barley, wheat, corn, rice, soybean, rape, etc. However, the method has the problem of long lag phase in the implementation process, and the time from the throwing of the straws into the water body to the generation of the algae inhibiting effect is at least 1-3 months. The reason for this is that allelochemicals capable of exerting an algae inhibiting effect are mainly wrapped in cell walls, and lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose constituting plant cell walls are natural high molecular organic substances which are extremely difficult to degrade and serve as a main barrier for releasing algae inhibiting active substances. Coriolus versicolor is a fungus that saprophytically grows on trees or wood and is widely distributed in nature.
Aiming at the problem of lag phase in the application process of straw algae inhibition, the optimization of straw degradation conditions is necessary for shortening the algae inhibition lag phase, improving the algae inhibition effect of decomposition solution and promoting the use of straw algae inhibition.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for optimizing the decomposing straw of coriolus versicolor to improve the algae inhibition effect of decomposing straw, aiming at the defects of the prior art, and the method has the advantages of wide material source, environmental protection, good algae inhibition effect and the like.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a method for optimizing Coriolus versicolor decomposed straw to improve decomposition liquid algae inhibition effect comprises the following steps:
(1) enrichment culture of coriolus versicolor:
every 1L of potato glucose agar culture medium comprises 1000.00mL of potato decoction, 3.00g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 3.07g of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 20.00g of glucose, 20.00g of agar, and VB110.00 mg. Except VB1In addition, the components of the culture medium are prepared in proportion, sterilized for 15min at 121 ℃, slightly cooled and added with VB1Shaking up, and pouring the plate. The preparation method of the potato cooking juice (1L) comprises the following steps: peeling and cutting 200.00g of potato into pieces, putting into distilled water, boiling for 30.00min, and taking the filtrate to fix the volume to 1L.
After the agar plate is cooled, 200.00 mu L of bacterial liquid containing coriolus versicolor hypha or spore is absorbed and injected into the plate, then the plate is coated evenly by using an aseptic coater, and the plate is placed in a constant temperature incubator at 25 ℃ for 1 week to obtain the bacterial pad for enrichment culture.
(2) Preparation of fermented straw
Cutting naturally air-dried fresh straws into 2.2-2.4cm small sections, wherein the short length of the straws can reduce the porosity of the decomposed substrate, thereby influencing the gas exchange of the substrate and being not beneficial to the growth of fungi, and otherwise, the long length of the straws can reduce the specific surface area of the substrate, thereby reducing the degradation efficiency. Washing away soil and worm eggs adhered on the surface by tap water, then rinsing once by deionized water, and finally drying in a 50 ℃ oven to constant weight. Weighing 10.00g of dried straws, placing the straws in a 500mL conical flask which is soaked and cleaned by hydrochloric acid with the mass fraction of 5%, sealing the conical flask by using a breathable sealing film, sterilizing the conical flask at 121 ℃ for 15 minutes, and cooling the conical flask for later use.
(3) Inoculation of Coriolus versicolor
The water content of the straw influences the growth and degradation activities of the fungi, and is too low to be beneficial to the growth and propagation of the fungi and the secretion and diffusion of degradation enzymes; the water content is too high, so that most of the substrate is immersed in the water body, the bottom is in an anoxic state, and the activity of microorganisms and the degradation of straws are not facilitated. The water content of 68ml can meet the growth requirement of fungi and can keep sufficient gas exchange at the bottom of the substrate. A pH of 5.1 is advantageous for growth of the fungus and maintenance of the degrading enzyme activity, and too low or too high a pH may affect the degradation efficiency. Therefore, 68mL of sterile water with the pH value pre-adjusted to 5.1 is added into the conical flask filled with the straws, and 10-15 pieces of bacteria mats with the diameter of 5mm taken out by using a sterile stainless steel puncher are added after the straws are completely soaked.
(4) Straw decomposition by coriolus versicolor and extraction of decomposition liquid
The temperature affects the growth rate and the degrading enzyme activity of the fungi, and the temperature is too low, so that the growth speed of the fungi is too slow, and the release of the straw algae inhibiting effective substances is not facilitated; and too high temperature can result in inactivation of degrading enzymes, resulting in reduced degradation yield. Therefore, the straw inoculated with the coriolus versicolor needs to be placed in a constant temperature incubator at the temperature of 28.6 ℃ for culture. And after 9 days of decomposition, 132.00mL of sterile deionized water is added into the matrix, the mixture is extracted for 1h by a shaking table at 150rpm, and the straw algae inhibiting decomposition liquid with greatly improved algae inhibiting effect can be obtained after twice suction filtration by using a filter membrane with the aperture of 0.22 mu m by using an oil-free vacuum pump.
All the fungus culture contents involved in the method need to be aseptically operated in a clean bench.
The invention is characterized in that:
1. the raw material straw needed by the invention is convenient to obtain and low in price. The coriolus versicolor with the strengthened straw algae inhibition effect is widely existed in the nature, and the biological safety is high; the strengthening process mainly relates to physical release, and the secondary pollution of the fermentation liquor to the water body is small.
2. The fermentation waste residue produced by the invention has no secondary pollution to the environment, and the fermentation process can also reduce the lignification degree of the straws, is beneficial to the natural degradation of the straws, and ensures that the nutrients return to the field.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the process of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a scanning electron microscope photograph of the surface structure of rape straw during the strengthening process of Coriolus versicolor;
FIG. 3 shows the morphological characteristics of cells of prorocentrum donghaiense under the treatment condition of the decomposed solution.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments, but includes any combination of the specific embodiments.
Example 1
Adding 68mL sterile deionized water with pH of 5.1 into sterilized rape (10.0 g stalk length of 2.2-2.4 cm), inoculating 10-15 Coriolus versicolor pads with diameter of 5mm, and decomposing in a constant temperature incubator at 28.6 deg.C for 9 days. After 9 days, adding 132mL of sterilized deionized water into the matrix, extracting for 1h by a shaking table at 150rpm, filtering twice by a 0.22-micron filter membrane to obtain a decomposition solution, taking 10mL of the decomposition solution, and performing an algae inhibition activity test on 90mL of prorocentrum donghaiense growing in logarithmic phase with the cell density of 500000 cells/mL. The operation process flow is shown in the attached figure 1, and the activity test results are shown in the table 1. The surface structures of fresh rape straws, straws subjected to aseptic treatment for 6 days and straws subjected to decomposition treatment for 6 days are shown in a figure 2, the surfaces of fresh and non-decomposed control groups of straws are smooth, and obvious erosion traces can be seen on the surfaces of the decomposed treatment groups of straws. Morphological characteristics of algae cells under the treatment condition of decomposition solution are shown in figure 3, wherein A is a control group, normal culture medium is used to replace decomposition solution, normal algae cells are in oval shape, and color body structure is clear and distributed uniformly; and B, the graph is an optimized decomposed solution treatment group, algae cells expand, cell membranes and cell walls are separated, and chromoplasts are aggregated.
Comparative example 1
Adding 100mL of sterile deionized water with pH of 5.1 into sterilized rape (10.0 g) with stalk length of about 5cm, inoculating 10-15 Coriolus versicolor pads with diameter of 5mm, and decomposing in 25 deg.C constant temperature incubator for 9 days. After 9 days, 100ml of sterilized deionized water is added into the matrix, after 1 hour of shaking extraction at 150rpm, the decomposed solution is obtained by filtering twice with a 0.22 mu m filter membrane, 10ml of decomposed solution is taken, and the algae inhibiting activity test is carried out on 90ml of prorocentrum donghaiense growing in logarithmic phase with the cell density of 500000 cells/ml. The results of the activity test are shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 2
Adding 68mL sterile deionized water with unadjusted pH into sterilized rape with 10.0g straw length of about 5cm, inoculating 10-15 Coriolus versicolor pads with diameter of 5mm, and decomposing in 25 deg.C constant temperature incubator for 9 days. After 9 days, adding 132ml of sterilized deionized water into the matrix, extracting for 1 hour by a shaking table at 150rpm, filtering twice by a 0.22-micron filter membrane to obtain a decomposed solution, taking 10ml of the decomposed solution, and performing an algae inhibition activity test on 90ml of prorocentrum donghaiense growing in logarithmic phase with the cell density of 500000 cells/ml. The results of the activity test are shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 3
Adding 100mL sterile deionized water with unadjusted pH into sterilized rape (10.0 g stalk length of 2.2-2.4 cm), inoculating 10-15 Coriolus versicolor pads with diameter of 5mm, and decomposing in 25 deg.C constant temperature incubator for 9 days. After 9 days, 100ml of sterilized deionized water is added into the matrix, after 1 hour of shaking extraction at 150rpm, the decomposed solution is obtained by filtering twice with a 0.22 mu m filter membrane, 10ml of decomposed solution is taken, and the algae inhibiting activity test is carried out on 90ml of prorocentrum donghaiense growing in logarithmic phase with the cell density of 500000 cells/ml. The results of the activity test are shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 4
Adding 100mL sterile deionized water with unadjusted pH into sterilized rape (10.0 g stalk length of about 5 cm), inoculating 10-15 Coriolus versicolor pads with diameter of 5mm, and decomposing in 28.6 deg.C constant temperature incubator for 9 days. After 9 days, 100ml of sterilized deionized water is added into the matrix, after 1 hour of shaking extraction at 150rpm, the decomposed solution is obtained by filtering twice with a 0.22 mu m filter membrane, 10ml of decomposed solution is taken, and the algae inhibiting activity test is carried out on 90ml of prorocentrum donghaiense growing in logarithmic phase with the cell density of 500000 cells/ml. The results of the activity test are shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 5
Adding 100mL sterile deionized water with unadjusted pH into sterilized rape (10.0 g stalk length of about 5 cm), inoculating 10-15 Coriolus versicolor pads with diameter of 5mm, and decomposing in 25 deg.C constant temperature incubator for 9 days. After 9 days, 100ml of sterilized deionized water is added into the matrix, after 1 hour of shaking extraction at 150rpm, the decomposed solution is obtained by filtering twice with a 0.22 mu m filter membrane, 10ml of decomposed solution is taken, and the algae inhibiting activity test is carried out on 90ml of prorocentrum donghaiense growing in logarithmic phase with the cell density of 500000 cells/ml. The results of the activity test are shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 6
Rape straws with the length of about 5cm are taken as a degradation substrate, a typical species of white rot fungi, namely Phanerochaete chrysosporium (Phanerochaete chrysosporium) is taken as degradation bacteria, 100ml of sterilized deionized water with unadjusted pH is added into 10.00g of straws, and the straws are decomposed for 42 days at the temperature of 25 ℃. After 42 days, 100ml of sterilized deionized water is added into the matrix, after 1 hour of shaking extraction at 150rpm, the decomposed solution is obtained by filtering twice with a 0.22 mu m filter membrane, 10ml of decomposed solution is taken, and the algae inhibiting activity test is carried out on 90ml of prorocentrum donghaiense growing in logarithmic phase with the cell density of 500000 cells/ml. The results of the activity test are shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 7
Corn stalks with the length of about 5cm are taken as a degradation substrate, a typical species of white rot fungi, namely Phanerochaete chrysosporium (Phanerochaete chrysosporium) is taken as a degradation bacterium, 100ml of sterilized deionized water with unadjusted pH is added into 10.00g of the stalks, and the stalks are decomposed for 42 days at the temperature of 25 ℃. After 42 days, 100ml of sterilized deionized water is added into the matrix, after 1 hour of shaking extraction at 150rpm, the decomposed solution is obtained by filtering twice with a 0.22 mu m filter membrane, 10ml of decomposed solution is taken, and the algae inhibiting activity test is carried out on 90ml of prorocentrum donghaiense growing in logarithmic phase with the cell density of 500000 cells/ml. The results of the activity test are shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 8
Taking highland barley straws with the length of about 5cm as a degradation matrix, taking white rot fungus-Pleurotus ostreatus (Pleurotus ostreatus) as degradation bacteria, adding 100ml of sterilized deionized water with unadjusted pH into 10.00g straws, and decomposing for 42 days at 25 ℃. After 42 days, 100ml of sterilized deionized water is added into the matrix, after 1 hour of shaking extraction at 150rpm, the decomposed solution is obtained by filtering twice with a 0.22 mu m filter membrane, 10ml of decomposed solution is taken, and the algae inhibiting activity test is carried out on 90ml of prorocentrum donghaiense growing in logarithmic phase with the cell density of 500000 cells/ml. The results of the activity test are shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 9
Taking rice straw with length of about 5cm as degradation matrix, adding 100ml sterilized deionized water with unadjusted pH into 10.00g straw by using white rot fungus-Schizophyllum commune as degradation bacteria, and performing decomposition at 25 deg.C for 42 days. After 42 days, 100ml of sterilized deionized water is added into the matrix, after 1 hour of shaking extraction at 150rpm, the decomposed solution is obtained by filtering twice with a 0.22 mu m filter membrane, 10ml of decomposed solution is taken, and the algae inhibiting activity test is carried out on 90ml of prorocentrum donghaiense growing in logarithmic phase with the cell density of 500000 cells/ml. The results of the activity test are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 result of testing the alga-inhibiting activity of decomposed liquid on prorocentrum donghaiense under different degradation matrixes and decomposing conditions
Example of the implementation Inhibition rate (Mean + -SE)
Example 1 80.86±1.59%
Comparative example 1 66.74±0.67%
Comparative example 2 70.52±0.73%
Comparative example 3 67.42±1.06%
Comparative example 4 70.40±4.52%
Comparative example 5 59.18±3.99%
Comparative example 6 49.77±0.66%
Comparative example 7 66.51±0.66%
Comparative example 8 58.37±0.95%
Comparative example 9 17.65±12.17%
The above-mentioned embodiments are further described in detail for the purpose of illustrating the invention, and it should be understood that any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A method for optimizing the improvement of the algae inhibition effect of decomposing liquid by decomposing straw of Coriolus versicolor is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) inoculating Coriolus versicolor mycelia or spores onto sterilized potato glucose agar culture medium, and performing enrichment culture at 25 deg.C for one week to form a bacterial pad;
(2) cutting naturally air-dried fresh straws into small sections with the length of 2.2-2.4cm, cleaning the surfaces of the straws, and drying at 50 ℃ to constant weight. Weighing 10.00g of dried straw, putting into 500mL of 5% hydrochloric acid, soaking and cleaning a conical flask, sealing with a breathable sealing film, sterilizing at 121 ℃ for 15 minutes, and cooling for later use;
(3) adding 68mL of sterile water with the pH value of 5.1 pre-adjusted into sterilized straws, taking 10-15 pieces of enriched bacteria pads by using a sterile puncher with the diameter of 5mm, and inoculating the bacteria pads onto the straws;
(4) culturing for 9 days in a constant-temperature incubator at 28.6 ℃, adding 132mL of sterile deionized water after 9 days, extracting for 1h by a shaking table at 150rpm, and filtering and extracting the decomposition solution by using a 0.22 mu m filter membrane to obtain the algae inhibiting decomposition solution with greatly improved algae inhibiting effect.
2. The method for optimizing the effect of improving the decomposition liquid algae inhibition effect of the decomposing straw of the Coriolus versicolor according to claim 1, wherein the Coriolus versicolor (Trametes versicolor, old called Coriolus versicolor) is also called Trametes versicolor, Coriolus versicolor and the like.
3. The method for optimizing the effect of improving the algae inhibition effect of the decomposed liquid of the coriolus versicolor according to claim 1, wherein the straw types include but are not limited to barley, wheat, corn, rape, rice, cotton and sorghum.
4. The method for optimizing the improvement of the algae inhibition effect of the decomposing liquid by the decomposing straw of the coriolus versicolor according to claim 1, wherein the length of the straw in the step (2) is within the range of 2.2-2.4 cm.
5. The method for optimizing the improvement effect of the decomposing liquid for decomposing the coriolus versicolor by the straws in the step (3) to inhibit algae, according to the claim 1, wherein the water consumption of 10.00g of the straws in the step (3) is 68 mL.
6. The method for optimizing the improvement effect of the decomposing liquid for inhibiting algae of the decomposing straw of the coriolus versicolor according to claim 1, wherein the pH of the sterile water used in the step (3) is 5.1.
7. The method for optimizing the improvement effect of the decomposition liquid on the algae inhibition effect of the decomposed straw of the coriolus versicolor according to claim 1, wherein the decomposition temperature in the step (4) is 28.6 ℃.
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