CN112364419B - Unit type building external sunshade design parameter calculation method, storage medium and equipment - Google Patents
Unit type building external sunshade design parameter calculation method, storage medium and equipment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a calculation method, a storage medium and equipment for a unit type building external sunshade design parameter, which solve the problems that the traditional building sunshade design method is large in workload and low in efficiency, and an optimal solution cannot be obtained. The invention designs the external sunshade of the unit type building by utilizing a parameterized design means based on the design scheme of the external sunshade of the unit type building, considers the design result from the initial stage of the design, and continuously iterates to obtain a satisfactory design result by controlling the shape and the size of the external sunshade of the unit type building. The invention is different from the traditional design concept of rechecking by using the traditional standard limit value, adopts multi-physical field coupling parameterization calculation, obtains an optimal design scheme according to satisfaction solution, can obtain the optimal shape and size of the external sunshade of the unit building, can ensure the indoor optimal lighting environment while reducing the building energy consumption, achieves the purpose of sustainable development green building design of saving the construction cost and the operation cost, and meets the requirements of a green building design system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of energy-saving design of buildings, in particular to a method, a storage medium and equipment for calculating design parameters of external sunshade of a unit building.
Background
The function of building sunshade design is to reduce heat transfer of building envelope structure and reduce air conditioner cooling load in summer by reducing solar radiation entering indoor directly. Particularly in summer hot winter warm areas, the solar radiation intensity is high and the duration is long, and the excellent sun shading design can effectively improve the indoor thermal environment and improve the thermal comfort level in the building. Meanwhile, the sun-shading design of the building is also closely related to the indoor natural lighting environment. The shade pattern and the protrusion depth affect the indoor illuminance value. The reasonable sun-shading design can reduce the influence of solar radiation on indoor thermal environment and simultaneously maximize the natural lighting effect of the building.
The existing building sunshade design method generally comprises the steps that a designer firstly determines the sunshade form of a building according to modeling requirements, and then checks whether the sunshade coefficient of an outer window or the indoor lighting coefficient meets the requirements of regulations according to green building standard regulations to be met, so that the sunshade size is determined. The final result of such methods, although meeting the specification or standard requirements, is a large amount of work, requires a great deal of repetitive work or design experience, and lacks work efficiency. Meanwhile, the traditional design method cannot obtain the optimal solution of the sunshade design, is not beneficial to the optimal energy-saving design of the building, and is not beneficial to the construction of a resource-saving green building system advocated by the current society.
In addition, the traditional sunshade form is separated from the outer skin of the building, generally horizontal sunshade or vertical sunshade shutter, lacks an integrated design idea for integrally designing the sunshade and the outer skin of the building, and does not accord with a sustainable development design idea in the field of green building design.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a method, a storage medium and equipment for calculating a unit type building external sunshade design parameter, so as to solve the problems that the traditional building sunshade design method is large in workload and low in working efficiency, and an optimal solution cannot be obtained.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for calculating design parameters of unit type building external sunshade comprises the following steps:
step 1, constructing a parameterized building model according to a design scheme of the unit type building external sunshade, wherein the parameterized building model takes shape and size parameters of the unit type building external sunshade selected according to design requirements as control parameters, and then jumps to step 2;
step 2, on the basis of the parameterized building model, building a calculation model by using a building solar radiation simulation calculation module and an indoor lighting simulation calculation module and taking a solar thermal radiation value of the outer surface of a building transparent elevation in the parameterized building model and an average lighting coefficient of a main indoor functional room of the building as calculation results, and then jumping to step 3;
step 3, on the basis of the calculation model, utilizing a multi-objective genetic algorithm solver module, taking the control parameters as input of the calculation model, taking a solar heat radiation value of the outer surface of the building light-transmitting elevation and an average lighting coefficient of a main functional room in a building room as optimization targets, carrying out genetic algorithm solving to obtain a group of relatively optimal solutions, and then jumping to step 4;
and 4, judging whether solutions meeting the design requirements exist in the relative optimal solutions according to the design requirements, if yes, taking the shape system and the size parameters corresponding to the solutions meeting the design requirements as the optimal shape system and the size parameters of the unit building external sunshade, if no, returning to the step 1, and carrying out iterative updating on the shape system and the size parameters of the unit building external sunshade until the relative optimal solutions meeting the design requirements are obtained.
Further, in the step 1, the parameterized building model is built by using a grasshopper parameterized design platform.
Further, the building solar radiation simulation calculation module and the indoor lighting simulation calculation module comprise a gradhopper parameterized design platform-based ladybug and honeybee calculation module.
Further, the shape, system and size parameters of the unit building external sunshade comprise the length, width, depth and spacing of the unit building external sunshade.
Further, the multi-objective genetic algorithm solver module is a Wallacei genetic algorithm solver based on a grasshopper parameterized design platform.
Further, in the optimization objective, the solar heat radiation value of the outer surface of the building light-transmitting elevation takes the minimum value of each solution, and the average lighting coefficient of the main functional room in the building room is not lower than a preset value.
Further, the form and size parameters of the unit building external sunshade have a preset range, and when the form and size parameters of the unit building external sunshade are iteratively updated in the step 1, the form and size parameters of the unit building external sunshade are iteratively updated in the preset range.
Further, the unit type building outer sunshade and the building outer facade are of an integrated structure.
A computer-readable storage medium in which a computer program executable by a processor is stored, which, when executed by the processor, implements the steps in the cellular building exterior sunshade design parameter calculation method as described above.
An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable by the processor, which when executed by the processor, implements the steps in a cellular building exterior sunshade design parameter calculation method as described above.
The invention is mainly based on the design scheme foundation of the unit type building external sunshade, designs the unit type building external sunshade by utilizing a parameterized design means, considers the design result from the initial stage of design, and continuously iterates to obtain a satisfactory design result by controlling the shape and the size of the unit type building external sunshade. The invention is different from the traditional design concept of rechecking by using the traditional standard limit value, adopts multi-physical field coupling parameterization calculation, obtains an optimal design scheme according to satisfaction solution, can obtain the optimal shape and size of the external sunshade of the unit building, can ensure the indoor optimal lighting environment while reducing the building energy consumption, achieves the purpose of sustainable development of saving the construction cost and the operation cost, and meets the requirements of a green building design system.
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FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for calculating design parameters of a cellular building exterior sunshade.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent.
The influence of building external sunshade on the building mainly has two aspects, namely building heat load and indoor light environment, and the two are usually in negative correlation. For example, when the outer sunshade length of the flat panel is increased, the heat load of the building is correspondingly reduced due to the reduction of solar radiation obtained in the room, but the indoor light environment is deteriorated due to the sunshade facility blocking natural light entering the room. Because the building external sunshade has negative correlation with the building heat load and the indoor light environment, the invention mainly considers the calculation method of utilizing parameterized multi-objective solution, and simultaneously considers the influence of the unit building external sunshade on the building solar radiation heat and the indoor light environment comfort level to solve the optimal external sunshade design scheme. Because of the influence of building external sunshade on the two aspects of the building, the invention takes the solar heat radiation value of the outer surface of the light-transmitting facade of the building and the average lighting coefficient of the main indoor functional room of the building as the evaluation parameters of the building heat load and the indoor light environment.
Based on the above consideration, the invention provides a method for calculating the design parameters of the external sunshade of the unit type building. As shown in fig. 1, the method mainly comprises the following steps.
Step 1, constructing a parameterized building model according to a design scheme of the unit building external sunshade, wherein the parameterized building model takes the shape and size parameters of the unit building external sunshade selected according to design requirements as control parameters, and then jumps to step 2. The parameterized building model may be constructed using a grasshopper parameterized design platform. The gradhopper is a plug-in for generating a model by adopting a program algorithm, which operates in a rho environment, can obtain a desired model by a plurality of simple flow methods without too much program language basis, reduces the workload of designers, and is software with parameterized design characteristics. The shape and size parameters of the unit building external sunshade comprise the length, width, depth, spacing and the like of the unit building external sunshade.
And 2, on the basis of the parameterized building model, building a calculation model by using a building solar radiation simulation calculation module and an indoor lighting simulation calculation module and taking a solar thermal radiation value of the outer surface of a building transparent elevation in the parameterized building model and an average lighting coefficient of a main indoor functional room of the building as calculation results, and then jumping to the step 3. The building solar radiation simulation calculation module and the indoor lighting simulation calculation module comprise a gradhopper parameterized design platform-based ladybug and honeybee calculation module. The ladybug and honeybee calculation module is arranged in the grasshopper parameterized design platform, provides powerful, simple and efficient building meteorological simulation and analysis functions, and can accurately simulate and analyze the solar radiation heat acquisition and indoor light environment conditions of a building.
And 3, on the basis of the calculation model, using a multi-target genetic algorithm solver module, taking the control parameters as input of the calculation model, taking a solar heat radiation value of the outer surface of the building light-transmitting elevation and an average lighting coefficient of a main functional room in a building room as optimization targets, carrying out genetic algorithm solving to obtain a group of relatively optimal solutions, and then jumping to the step 4. The multi-objective genetic algorithm solver module in this step may be a Wallacei genetic algorithm solver based on a grasshopper parameterized design platform. Generally, the lower the solar heat radiation value of the outer surface of the light-transmitting facade of a building is, the lower the building energy consumption is, the more energy-saving the building is, and the higher the average lighting coefficient of the indoor main functional room of the building is, the better the lighting of the building is, the higher the indoor light environment comfort level of the building is, so that the solar heat radiation value of the outer surface of the light-transmitting facade of the building can be the minimum value in each solution in the optimization target, and the average lighting coefficient of the indoor main functional room of the building cannot be lower than the preset value. The specific value of the preset value can be determined according to the actual conditions of different areas.
And 4, judging whether solutions meeting the design requirements exist in the relative optimal solutions according to the design requirements, if yes, taking the shape system and the size parameters corresponding to the solutions meeting the design requirements as the optimal shape system and the size parameters of the unit building external sunshade, if no, returning to the step 1, and carrying out iterative updating on the shape system and the size parameters of the unit building external sunshade until the relative optimal solutions meeting the design requirements are obtained. And (2) determining a preset range for the shape system and the size parameters of the unit building external sunshade, and carrying out iterative updating on the shape system and the size parameters of the unit building external sunshade within the preset range when returning to the step (1) to carry out iterative updating on the shape system and the size parameters of the unit building external sunshade.
Compared with the traditional design method, the invention pursues more design generating logic, considers the relation of design expression effect, building energy consumption and building comfort degree from the scheme stage, rather than reversely proving whether the design scheme is reasonable or not from the design conclusion, and whether the design scheme meets the design target requirement or not. Furthermore, the invention is based on the building integrated design concept, and can integrate and design the unit type building outer sunshade and the building outer elevation into a whole, so that the unit type building outer sunshade and the building outer elevation are of an integrated structure, the function of building outer elevation sunshade is endowed, and the design concept of sustainable development in the field of green buildings is more met.
In another aspect, the present invention also provides a computer readable storage medium having stored therein a computer program executable by a processor, which when executed by the processor, implements the steps in the cellular building exterior sunshade design parameter calculation method as described above.
In another aspect, the present invention further provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable by the processor, where the computer program, when executed by the processor, implements the steps in the method for calculating a cellular building external sunshade design parameter as described above.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for calculating design parameters of unit type building external sunshade is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, constructing a parameterized building model according to a design scheme of the unit type building external sunshade, wherein the parameterized building model takes shape and size parameters of the unit type building external sunshade selected according to design requirements as control parameters, and then jumps to step 2;
step 2, on the basis of the parameterized building model, building a calculation model by using a building solar radiation simulation calculation module and an indoor lighting simulation calculation module and taking a solar thermal radiation value of the outer surface of a building transparent elevation in the parameterized building model and an average lighting coefficient of a main indoor functional room of the building as calculation results, and then jumping to step 3;
step 3, on the basis of the calculation model, utilizing a multi-objective genetic algorithm solver module, taking the control parameters as input of the calculation model, taking a solar heat radiation value of the outer surface of the building light-transmitting elevation and an average lighting coefficient of a main functional room in a building room as optimization targets, carrying out genetic algorithm solving to obtain a group of relatively optimal solutions, and then jumping to step 4;
step 4, judging whether solutions meeting the design requirements exist in the relative optimal solutions according to the design requirements, if yes, taking the shape system and the size parameters corresponding to the solutions meeting the design requirements as the optimal shape system and the size parameters of the unit building external sunshade, if no, returning to the step 1, and carrying out iterative updating on the shape system and the size parameters of the unit building external sunshade until the relative optimal solutions meeting the design requirements are obtained;
in the optimization target, the solar heat radiation value of the outer surface of the building light-transmitting elevation takes the minimum value of each solution, and the average lighting coefficient of the main functional room in the building room is not lower than a preset value.
2. The method for calculating the design parameters of the external sunshade of the unit type building according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1, the parameterized building model is constructed by using a grasshopper parameterized design platform.
3. The method for calculating the design parameters of the external sunshade of the unit building according to claim 2, wherein the building solar radiation simulation calculation module and the indoor lighting simulation calculation module comprise a gradhoper parameterized design platform-based ladybug and honeybe calculation module.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the form and size parameters of the cellular building outer sunshade comprise length, width, depth, and spacing of the cellular building outer sunshade.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the multi-objective genetic algorithm solver module is a Wallacei genetic algorithm solver based on a grasshopper parameterized design platform.
6. The method for calculating design parameters of the outer sunshade of the unit type building according to claim 1, wherein the shape and size parameters of the outer sunshade of the unit type building have a preset range, and when the shape and size parameters of the outer sunshade of the unit type building are iteratively updated in the step 1, the shape and size parameters of the outer sunshade of the unit type building are iteratively updated in the preset range.
7. The method for calculating design parameters of a cellular building outer sunshade of claim 1, wherein the cellular building outer sunshade is integrated with a building outer facade.
8. A computer-readable storage medium in which a computer program is stored which is executable by a processor, characterized in that the computer program, when executed by the processor, implements the steps of the cellular building exterior sun protection design parameter calculation method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable by the processor, wherein the computer program when executed by the processor implements the steps of the cellular building exterior sunshade design parameter calculation method of any of claims 1 to 7.
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| CN113591180A (en) * | 2021-07-14 | 2021-11-02 | 北京建筑大学 | Method and device for generating lighting and shading facilities, electronic equipment and storage medium |
| CN114417478A (en) * | 2022-01-28 | 2022-04-29 | 深圳市建筑设计研究总院有限公司 | Building lighting evaluation method and device and storage medium |
| CN114764521A (en) * | 2022-05-10 | 2022-07-19 | 浙江大学 | Garden building shape optimization method and system based on genetic algorithm |
| CN114896664B (en) * | 2022-05-12 | 2023-07-11 | 浙江大学 | Park building photovoltaic integrated enclosure structure optimization method and system |
| CN115795635A (en) * | 2023-02-08 | 2023-03-14 | 佛山电力设计院有限公司 | Sunshade setting method, device, equipment and storage medium for transformer substation building |
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