CN112352493A - Sponge urban ecological moisturizing system and application thereof in urban engineering - Google Patents
Sponge urban ecological moisturizing system and application thereof in urban engineering Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/30—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
- A01G24/35—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds containing water-absorbing polymers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/40—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure
- A01G24/44—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure in block, mat or sheet form
- A01G24/46—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure in block, mat or sheet form multi-layered
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Abstract
The application relates to a sponge urban ecological moisturizing system and application thereof in urban engineering, belonging to the technical field of urban ecological construction and comprising a green land, wherein the green land sequentially comprises a soil layer, a water-retaining layer, a sandstone layer, a garbage layer and a garden waste layer from top to bottom; the water-retaining layer comprises a mixture of (0.1-0.3): 100 of water-retaining agent and loess; wherein, the water-retaining agent comprises 50-70 parts of degradable super absorbent resin, 20-30 parts of volcanic ash and 10-20 parts of artemisia seed colloid by weight. The method comprises the following steps in urban engineering construction, S1: digging a deep groove with the depth of 60-70cm in an area to be processed; s2: and sequentially filling a garden waste layer with the thickness of 15-20cm, a garbage layer with the thickness of 8-10cm, a sandstone layer with the thickness of 10-15cm and a water-retaining layer with the thickness of 5-8cm into the deep groove, and finally filling a soil layer to fill the deep groove and plant the plants. This application has the effect that improves the plant survival rate to improve city landscape greening effect.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of urban ecological construction, in particular to a sponge urban ecological moisturizing system and application thereof in urban engineering.
Background
Along with the development of society, the landscape in urban construction receives great attention, but the existing urban land generally has the characteristics of hard soil, water shortage, fertilizer shortage, no ventilation and the like, and if trees are directly planted on the soil, the survival rate and healthy growth of the trees are influenced, and the greening effect of urban gardens is seriously influenced. In addition, China is a country with relatively short water resources, and water for landscaping is also urgently needed to achieve the effects of environmental protection and water saving. Therefore, the construction of a sponge urban ecological moisturizing system and the improvement of the moisturizing and fertility preserving performance of urban soil are receiving more and more attention from people.
At present, the existing patent with reference to the publication number CN110904772A discloses a sponge urban percolation drainage structure, which comprises a launching cap body, a protective cover arranged at the top of the launching cap body and a bottom plate arranged at the bottom of the launching cap body, wherein a percolation drainage body is arranged below the bottom plate, a reservoir is arranged below the percolation drainage body, and the reservoir is communicated with an overflow pipe and a percolation drainage pipe. The technology enables rainwater to be rapidly discharged from the overflow pipe after overflowing the launching cap body when encountering heavy rain or heavy flood, and can permeate into soil through the seepage pipe when the rainfall is small, so that the soil is kept moist.
In view of the above-mentioned related technologies, the inventor believes that there is a defect that the above-mentioned technology can only provide moisture for plants of landscape, but cannot provide nutrient substances for the plants of landscape, which affects the survival rate of the plants.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the survival rate of plants and further improve the greening effect of urban garden landscapes, the application provides a sponge urban ecological moisturizing system and application thereof in urban engineering.
First aspect, the application provides a sponge city ecological moisturizing system adopts following technical scheme:
a sponge urban ecological moisturizing system comprises a green land, wherein the green land sequentially comprises a soil layer, a water-retaining layer, a sandstone layer, a garbage layer and a garden waste layer from top to bottom; the water-retaining layer comprises a mixture of (0.1-0.3): 100 of water-retaining agent and loess; wherein, the water-retaining agent comprises 50-70 parts of degradable super absorbent resin, 20-30 parts of volcanic ash and 10-20 parts of artemisia seed colloid by weight.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the intraformational water retaining agent of moisturizing has the water absorption and the moisture retention of preferred to can reach the purpose of water conservation drought resisting moisture conservation, provide sufficient moisture for vegetation, in addition, the water retaining agent can also absorb fertilizer, pesticide, can reduce volatilizing and running off of pesticide and chemical fertilizer, simultaneously, can make adsorbed fertilizer, pesticide slowly release, reinforcing fertilizer efficiency and drug effect.
The water-retaining agent in the water-retaining layer is prepared from degradable super absorbent resin, volcanic ash and artemisia seed colloid, and the degradable super absorbent resin has good biodegradability and can not pollute the environment. The volcanic ash is a coarse, light, porous and high-water-absorption ore formed by volcanic eruption overflow, the volcanic eruption brings rich mineral substances such as iron, manganese, nickel, cobalt and the like and trace elements to the ground, and the volcanic ash contains a lot of nutrients required by plant growth and is a natural fertilizer, so that the volcanic ash can provide the mineral substances such as iron, manganese, nickel, cobalt and the like and the trace elements for plants, and the plant growth is promoted. In addition, the volcanic ash contains certain silicon dioxide and aluminum oxide, the volcanic ash is mixed with the degradable super absorbent resin, and the volcanic ash is loaded on the molecular main chain of the degradable super absorbent resin to form the organic/inorganic composite super absorbent resin, so that the gel strength, the thermal stability and the water absorption and retention of the degradable super absorbent resin can be effectively modified, and the comprehensive performance of the degradable super absorbent resin is greatly improved. The sand sagebrush seed colloid is the colloid of sand sagebrush seeds, has the functions of high viscosity, strong water absorption and stable emulsification effect, has the functions of adsorbing and detoxifying residual toxic metals in pesticide and soil, reduces the toxic metals in plants and promotes the healthy growth of the plants.
The method is characterized in that a garbage layer and a garden waste layer are buried at the bottom of the green land, so that on one hand, the garbage and the garden waste can provide nutrient substances for plants after fermentation and decay, and the growth of the plants is promoted; on the other hand, the garbage and garden waste can be recycled, the energy consumption generated by garbage treatment is reduced, and the requirements of energy conservation and environmental protection are met.
Optionally, the preparation method of the degradable super absorbent resin comprises the following steps: based on the weight portion, the weight portion of the material,
(1) mixing 100-150 parts of starch, 25-30 parts of acrylic acid and 2-3 parts of cross-linking agent to obtain a mixture;
(2) and (2) adding the mixture obtained in the step (1) into 6-8 parts of N, N-dimethylformamide, uniformly mixing, then performing microwave radiation, and drying to obtain the degradable super absorbent resin.
By adopting the technical scheme and adopting N, N-dimethylformamide as the solubilizer, the interfacial tension among starch, acrylic acid and the cross-linking agent can be reduced, the compatibility among the starch, the acrylic acid and the cross-linking agent is increased, and the grafting rate is improved. In addition, the microwave radiation is adopted for grafting, and the method has the advantages of high heating efficiency, environmental protection and clean production environment.
Optionally, the frequency of the microwave radiation in the step (2) is 2300-2400Hz, and the radiation time is 5-10 min.
By adopting the technical scheme, the reaction effect among the starch, the acrylic acid and the cross-linking agent is better under the radiation condition.
Optionally, the water-retaining agent further comprises 10-20 parts of a silane coupling agent.
By adopting the technical scheme, the silane coupling agent has a large amount of silane oxygen groups, and the silicon dioxide in the volcanic ash reacts with the silane oxygen groups of the silane coupling agent, so that the volcanic ash and the silane coupling agent are compounded. Meanwhile, the silane coupling agent can react with the degradable super absorbent resin, so that the connection strength of the volcanic ash and the degradable super absorbent resin is increased, and the compounding effect of the volcanic ash and the degradable super absorbent resin can be increased.
Optionally, the weight ratio of the silane coupling agent to the volcanic ash is (0.5-0.8): 1.
Optionally, the water-retaining agent further comprises 2-3 parts of a microbial agent, wherein the microbial agent comprises bacillus subtilis and EM strain in a weight ratio of (100-.
By adopting the technical scheme, the microorganisms in the microbial inoculum enter the soil to form a mutual symbiotic proliferation relation with the microorganisms in the soil, inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria and convert the harmful bacteria into beneficial bacteria, and have interaction and mutual promotion to play a synergistic effect among groups. The organic acid such as lactic acid generated in the microbial metabolism process can neutralize the alkalinity of the soil, thereby achieving the effect of reducing the pH value of the soil. Meanwhile, microorganisms in the microbial agent can inhibit the multiplication of harmful pathogenic bacteria, enhance the stress resistance and disease resistance of crops and promote the growth of plant roots.
In addition, the microbial inoculum can promote the degradation of organic matters in the garbage and garden wastes in the garbage layer and the garden waste layer, accelerate the fermentation speed of the garbage and the garden wastes, thoroughly cure the garbage and the garden wastes, kill worm eggs and pathogenic bacteria in the garbage and the garden wastes, and avoid the condition of root burning caused by the non-decomposition of the garbage and the garden wastes.
In addition, the bacillus subtilis can produce spores under severe environmental conditions, has strong tolerance and easy survival, can promote the absorption of mineral nutrient components by crops, has synergistic effect with other organisms of plant root systems, and improves the soil aggregate structure.
The EM strain and actinomycetes in the soil are symbiotically co-cultured, so that the soil fertility is improved, substances such as amino acid, saccharide, vitamins and the like can be synthesized, on one hand, nutrients can be provided for plants, on the other hand, nutrients can be provided for the bacillus subtilis, and the production and propagation of the bacillus subtilis are increased.
The EM strain and the bacillus subtilis have synergistic effect, on one hand, the quick fermentation of the garbage and the garden waste is promoted, worm eggs and pathogenic bacteria in the garbage and the garden waste are killed, the condition of burning roots due to non-decomposition is avoided, and simultaneously, the EM strain, the bacillus subtilis and other microorganisms of the plant root system have synergistic effect, and the soil aggregate structure is improved.
Optionally, the beneficial total bacteria number of the EM strain is more than or equal to 1000 hundred million CFU/g, and the effective viable bacteria number of the bacillus subtilis is more than or equal to 300 hundred million CFU/g.
Optionally, the crosslinking agent is one or more of azobisisobutyronitrile, ammonium persulfate and potassium persulfate.
Optionally, the garbage layer comprises kitchen garbage and construction garbage in a volume ratio of (2-3) to 1.
By adopting the technical scheme, the kitchen waste fermentation provides nutrient substances for plants, the building waste plays a role of a skeleton, and the phenomenon of green land subsidence caused by the kitchen waste fermentation is avoided.
In a second aspect, the application provides an application of a sponge urban ecological moisturizing system in urban engineering, and adopts the following technical scheme:
an application of a sponge urban ecosystem in urban engineering comprises the following steps:
s1: digging a deep groove with the depth of 60-70cm in an area to be processed;
s2: and sequentially filling a garden waste layer with the thickness of 15-20cm, a garbage layer with the thickness of 8-10cm, a sandstone layer with the thickness of 10-15cm and a water-retaining layer with the thickness of 5-8cm into the deep trench, and finally filling a soil layer to level up the deep trench.
In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. according to the greening land, the water-retaining layer, the garbage layer and the garden waste layer are arranged, so that the better water absorption and retention property can be achieved, and the volatilization and loss of pesticides and chemical fertilizers can be reduced; simultaneously, rubbish layer and gardens abandonment thing layer can provide nutrient substance for the plant, promotes the growth of plant, improves landscape's afforestation effect.
2. The water-retaining agent is prepared from degradable super absorbent resin, volcanic ash and artemisia seed colloid, and the water-retaining agent, the volcanic ash and the artemisia seed colloid act synergistically to further improve the water absorption and water retention performance of the water-retaining agent. Meanwhile, the volcanic ash can provide minerals and trace elements for plants; promoting the growth of plants; the sand sagebrush seed colloid can adsorb pesticide and toxic metal in soil, and reduce the content of toxic metal in plant body.
3. The silane coupling agent is added into the water-retaining agent, and the bridging effect of the silane coupling agent increases the connection strength of the volcanic ash and the degradable super absorbent resin, improves the compounding effect of the volcanic ash and the degradable super absorbent resin, and increases the thermal stability and the water absorption and retention property of the degradable super absorbent resin.
4. The microorganisms in the microbial inoculum enter the soil to form a mutual symbiotic proliferation relation with the microorganisms in the soil, inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria and convert the harmful bacteria into beneficial bacteria, and have interaction and mutual promotion to play a synergistic role among groups, improve the soil fertility and promote the growth of plants.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to examples and comparative examples.
In the following preparation examples, examples and comparative examples,
the volcanic ash is purchased from tourmaline mineral products, ltd;
artemisia desertorum seed colloid was purchased from Siemens Munsen bioengineering, Inc.;
EM strain and bacillus subtilis strain are purchased from Kangwo agricultural data journal of Wuzhai county, the beneficial total bacteria number of the EM strain is more than or equal to 1000 hundred million CFU/g, and the effective viable bacteria number of the bacillus subtilis is more than or equal to 300 hundred million CFU/g.
Preparation example 1
The preparation method of the water-retaining agent comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing 100g of glutinous rice starch, 30g of acrylic acid and 2g of azobisisobutyronitrile to obtain a mixture;
(2) adding the mixture obtained in the step (1) into 8g of N, N-dimethylformamide, uniformly mixing, then performing microwave radiation for 10min at the frequency of 2300Hz, and then drying until the water content is below 12%, and then crushing to obtain the degradable super absorbent resin;
(3) and (3) uniformly mixing 50g of the degradable super absorbent resin prepared in the step (2), 30g of volcanic ash and 10g of artemisia seed colloid to obtain the water-retaining agent.
Preparation example 2
The preparation method of the water-retaining agent comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing 120g of corn starch, 28g of acrylic acid and 2.5g of ammonium persulfate to obtain a mixture;
(2) adding the mixture obtained in the step (1) into 7g of N, N-dimethylformamide, uniformly mixing, then carrying out microwave radiation for 7min at the frequency of 2350Hz, drying until the water content is below 12%, and then crushing to obtain the degradable super absorbent resin;
(3) and (3) uniformly mixing 60g of the degradable super absorbent resin prepared in the step (2), 25g of volcanic ash and 15g of artemisia seed colloid to obtain the water-retaining agent.
Preparation example 3
The preparation method of the water-retaining agent comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing 150g of cassava starch, 25g of acrylic acid and 2.5g of potassium persulfate to obtain a mixture;
(2) adding the mixture obtained in the step (1) into 6g of N, N-dimethylformamide, uniformly mixing, then carrying out microwave radiation for 5min at the frequency of 2400Hz, drying until the water content is below 12%, and then crushing to obtain the degradable super absorbent resin;
(3) and (3) uniformly mixing 70g of the degradable super absorbent resin prepared in the step (2), 20g of volcanic ash and 20g of artemisia seed colloid to obtain the water-retaining agent.
Preparation example 4
The preparation method of the water retention agent is different from the preparation example 2 in that 10g of gamma- (methacryloyloxy) propyl trimethoxy silane is also included in the step (3).
Preparation example 5
The preparation method of the water-retaining agent is different from the preparation example 2 in that 15g of gamma-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane is further included in the step (3).
Preparation example 6
The preparation method of the water-retaining agent is different from the preparation example 2 in that 20g of gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane is also included in the step (3).
Preparation example 7
The water-retaining agent is prepared by a method different from that of preparation example 6 in that 10g of gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and 20g of volcanic ash are used in step (3), namely the weight ratio of the gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane to the volcanic ash is 0.5: 1.
Preparation example 8
The water-retaining agent is prepared by a method different from that of preparation example 6 in that 18g of gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and 30g of volcanic ash are obtained in step (3), namely the weight ratio of the gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane to the volcanic ash is 0.6: 1.
Preparation example 9
The water-retaining agent is prepared by a method different from that of preparation example 6 in that 16g of gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and 20g of volcanic ash are obtained in step (3), namely the weight ratio of the gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane to the volcanic ash is 0.8: 1.
Preparation example 10
The preparation method of the water-retaining agent is different from the preparation example 2 in that 2g of microbial agent is further included in the step (3), and the microbial agent comprises bacillus subtilis and EM strain in a weight ratio of 100: 1.
Preparation example 11
The preparation method of the water-retaining agent is different from the preparation example 2 in that 2.5g of microbial agent is also included in the step (3), and the microbial agent comprises bacillus subtilis and EM strain in a weight ratio of 110: 1.
Preparation example 12
The preparation method of the water-retaining agent is different from the preparation example 2 in that 3g of microbial agent is further included in the step (3), and the microbial agent comprises bacillus subtilis and EM strain in a weight ratio of 100: 1.
Example 1
An application of a sponge urban ecosystem in urban engineering comprises the following steps:
s1: digging a deep groove with the depth of 60cm in an area to be processed;
s2: sequentially filling a garden waste layer with the thickness of 15cm, a garbage layer with the thickness of 8cm, a sandstone layer with the thickness of 15cm, a water-retaining layer with the thickness of 5cm and a soil layer with the thickness of 17cm into the deep groove to fill and level up the deep groove to form a green land;
the garden waste comprises tree trims, lawn trims, fallen leaves, branches, waste grass and flowers, weeds and other plant materials. The rubbish layer includes that the volume ratio is 2: 1 kitchen waste and construction waste; the water retention layer comprises a mixture of a water retention layer and a water retention layer, wherein the volume ratio of the water retention layer to the water retention layer is 0.1: 100 of the water-retaining agent and loess, the water-retaining agent in preparation example 1 was used.
Example 2
An application of a sponge urban ecosystem in urban engineering comprises the following steps:
s1: digging a deep groove with the depth of 65cm in an area to be processed;
s2: sequentially filling a 17 cm-thick garden waste layer, a 9 cm-thick garbage layer, a 13 cm-thick gravel layer, a 7 cm-thick water-retaining layer and a 19 cm-thick soil layer into the deep groove to fill the deep groove and form a green land;
the garden waste comprises tree trims, lawn trims, fallen leaves, branches, waste grass and flowers, weeds and other plant materials. The garbage layer comprises a garbage layer and a garbage layer, wherein the volume ratio of the garbage layer to the garbage layer is 2.5: 1 kitchen waste and construction waste; the water retention layer comprises a water retention layer with a volume ratio of 0.2: 100 of the water-retaining agent and loess, the water-retaining agent in preparation example 2 was used.
Example 3
An application of a sponge urban ecosystem in urban engineering comprises the following steps:
s1: digging a deep groove with the depth of 70cm in an area to be processed;
s2: sequentially filling a garden waste layer with the thickness of 20cm, a garbage layer with the thickness of 10cm, a sand stone layer with the thickness of 10cm, a water retention layer with the thickness of 8cm and a soil layer with the thickness of 22cm into the deep groove to fill and level up the deep groove to form a green land;
the garden waste comprises tree trims, lawn trims, fallen leaves, branches, waste grass and flowers, weeds and other plant materials. The rubbish layer includes that the volume ratio is 3: 1 kitchen waste and construction waste; the water retention layer comprises a volume ratio of 0.3: 100 parts of water-retaining agent and loess, the water-retaining agent used in preparation example 3 was used.
Example 4
The application of the sponge urban ecosystem in urban engineering comprises the following steps, and is different from the step of embodiment 2 in that the water-retaining agent prepared in preparation example 4 is adopted as the water-retaining agent.
Example 5
The application of the sponge urban ecosystem in urban engineering comprises the following steps, and is different from the step of example 2 in that the water-retaining agent prepared in the preparation example 5 is adopted as the water-retaining agent.
Example 6
The application of the sponge urban ecosystem in urban engineering comprises the following steps, and is different from the step of example 2 in that the water-retaining agent prepared in the preparation example 6 is adopted as the water-retaining agent.
Example 7
The application of the sponge urban ecosystem in urban engineering comprises the following steps, and is different from the step of example 2 in that the water-retaining agent prepared in the preparation example 7 is adopted as the water-retaining agent.
Example 8
The application of the sponge urban ecosystem in urban engineering comprises the following steps, and is different from the step of embodiment 2 in that the water-retaining agent prepared in preparation example 8 is adopted as the water-retaining agent.
Example 9
The application of the sponge urban ecosystem in urban engineering comprises the following steps, and is different from the step of embodiment 2 in that the water-retaining agent prepared in preparation example 9 is adopted as the water-retaining agent.
Example 10
The application of the sponge urban ecosystem in urban engineering comprises the following steps, and is different from the step of embodiment 2 in that the water-retaining agent prepared in preparation example 10 is adopted as the water-retaining agent.
Example 11
The application of the sponge urban ecosystem in urban engineering comprises the following steps, and is different from the step of example 2 in that the water-retaining agent prepared in the preparation example 11 is adopted as the water-retaining agent.
Example 12
The application of the sponge urban ecosystem in urban engineering comprises the following steps, and is different from the step of example 2 in that the water-retaining agent prepared in the preparation example 12 is adopted as the water-retaining agent.
Comparative example 1
The application of the sponge urban ecosystem in urban engineering comprises the following steps, and is different from the embodiment 2 in that kitchen waste in a garbage layer is replaced by equal amount of garden waste.
Comparative example 2
The application of the sponge urban ecosystem in urban engineering comprises the following steps, and is different from the embodiment 2 in that garden waste in a garden waste layer is replaced by kitchen waste in the same amount.
Comparative example 3
The application of the sponge urban ecosystem in urban engineering comprises the following steps, and is different from the step 2 in that a water retention layer is not included.
Planting experiment
Selecting 600 zelkova schneideriana seedlings with uniform size and no plant diseases and insect pests, wherein the height of the zelkova schneideriana seedlings is 110cm +/-5 cm, and the ground diameter is 10 +/-1 cm. The 600 zelkova seedlings were divided into 15 groups on average, planted on the green lands in examples 1 to 12 and comparative examples 1 to 3, respectively, and fertilized after planting, and the survival rate of the zelkova seedlings was observed after 30 days, and the results are shown in table 1; wherein, the survival rate is (survival number per group ÷ planting number per group) × 100%.
Table 1 planting experimental results
| Item | Number of survivors per group | Survival rate (%) |
| Example 1 | 38 | 95.0 |
| Example 2 | 39 | 97.5 |
| Example 3 | 38 | 95.0 |
| Example 4 | 39 | 97.5 |
| Examples5 | 40 | 100.0 |
| Example 6 | 39 | 97.5 |
| Example 7 | 40 | 100.0 |
| Example 8 | 40 | 100.0 |
| Example 9 | 40 | 100.0 |
| Example 10 | 39 | 97.5 |
| Example 11 | 40 | 100.0 |
| Example 12 | 40 | 100.0 |
| Comparative example 1 | 35 | 87.5 |
| Comparative example 2 | 34 | 85.0 |
| Comparative example 3 | 33 | 82.5 |
By combining examples 1-12 and comparative examples 1-3, and by combining table 1, it can be seen that the survival rate of the trees of examples 1-12 is higher than 95%, and the survival rate of the trees of comparative examples 1-3 is lower than 90%, which indicates that the layers of the green land of the present application are mutually matched and act together to make the land have better water absorption and retention property and have the effect of enhancing fertilizer efficiency and drug effect, and meanwhile, the garbage layer and the garden waste layer of the green land of the present application can provide abundant nutrient substances for plants and improve the survival rate of the plants.
By combining example 2 and examples 4-6, and by combining table 1, it can be seen that the survival rate of the trees in examples 4-6 is higher than that in example 2, which illustrates that the addition of the silane coupling agent can increase the connection strength between the volcanic ash and the degradable super absorbent resin, increase the synergistic effect between the volcanic ash and the degradable super absorbent resin, and improve the absorption performance of the degradable super absorbent resin.
Combining example 2 and examples 10-12, and combining table 1, it can be seen that the survival rate of the trees in examples 10-12 is higher than that in example 2, which indicates that the addition of the microbial agent can form a symbiotic proliferation relationship with the microorganisms in the soil, and play a role in the inter-colony synergy. Meanwhile, the microbial inoculum is added, so that the fermentation speed of the garbage and the garden waste can be accelerated, the garbage and the garden waste can be cured thoroughly, insect eggs and pathogenic bacteria in the garbage and the garden waste can be killed, the condition that the garbage and the garden waste cause root burning due to non-decomposition is avoided, and the survival rate of trees is improved.
By combining the example 2 and the comparative examples 1-2 and combining the table 1, it can be seen that the survival rate of the trees in the comparative examples 1-2 is obviously lower than that in the example 2, which shows that although the kitchen garbage and the garden waste can provide nutrition for the trees, the kitchen garbage and the garden waste can provide different nutrients for the trees, and when the kitchen garbage and the garden waste act synergistically, the nutrient substances for the trees are more comprehensive, so that the survival rate of the trees is improved.
Water-retaining agent Performance test
1. Water absorption Performance test
0.1g of the water-retaining agent samples prepared in preparation examples 1 to 12 were weighed, placed in 12 400mL beakers, respectively, 150mL of deionized water was added, and after standing at room temperature for 4 hours, the mixture was filtered through a 100-mesh metal net for 1 hour to remove excess deionized water, weighed, and the water absorption was calculated, and the results are shown in Table 2.
The calculation formula of the water absorption is as follows: qWater (W)＝(W1-W0)/W0(ii) a Wherein Q water is water absorption rate, and the unit is g-1；W0The weight of the water-retaining agent before water absorption is g; w1Is the weight of the water-retaining agent after water absorption, and the unit is g.
2. Liquid absorption Performance test
0.3g of each of the water-retaining agent samples obtained in production examples 1 to 12 was weighed, placed in 12 200mL beakers, and 80mL of a 0.9% NaCl solution or a solution containing other ions was added thereto, and after standing at room temperature for 4 hours, the mixture was filtered through a 100-mesh wire gauze for 1 hour to remove excess aqueous solution, weighed, and the liquid absorption rate was calculated, and the results are shown in Table 2.
The liquid absorption rate is calculated by the following formula: qSalt (salt)＝(W1-W0)/W0(ii) a Wherein Q isSalt (salt)In units of g x g for the liquid uptake-1；W0The weight of the water-retaining agent before imbibition is g; w1The weight of the water-retaining agent after imbibing liquid is g.
TABLE 2 Water-retaining agent Performance test
Compared with the preparation example 2 by combining the preparation examples 4-6, and the table 2, it can be seen that the water absorption rate and the liquid absorption rate of the water-retaining agent prepared in the preparation examples 4-6 are obviously higher than those of the water-retaining agent prepared in the preparation example 2, which shows that the bridging effect of the silane coupling agent increases the connection strength between the volcanic ash and the degradable super absorbent resin, improves the compounding effect between the volcanic ash and the degradable super absorbent resin, and increases the water absorption and absorption properties of the degradable super absorbent resin.
When the water absorption rate and the liquid absorption rate of the water retaining agent prepared in preparation examples 7-9 are higher than those of preparation example 6, and the weight ratio of gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane to pozzolan is in the range of (0.5-0.8):1, the improvement effect on the degradable super absorbent resin is better, as can be seen by combining preparation examples 7-9 with preparation example 6 and by combining table 2.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an ecological system of moisturizing in sponge city, includes the greenery patches, its characterized in that: the green land sequentially comprises a soil layer, a water-retaining layer, a sandstone layer, a garbage layer and a garden waste layer from top to bottom; the water-retaining layer comprises a mixture of (0.1-0.3): 100 of water-retaining agent and loess; wherein, the water-retaining agent comprises 50-70 parts of degradable super absorbent resin, 20-30 parts of volcanic ash and 10-20 parts of artemisia seed colloid by weight.
2. The sponge urban ecological moisturizing system of claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the degradable super absorbent resin comprises the following steps: based on the weight portion, the weight portion of the material,
(1) mixing 100-150 parts of starch, 25-30 parts of acrylic acid and 2-3 parts of cross-linking agent to obtain a mixture;
(2) and (2) adding the mixture obtained in the step (1) into 6-8 parts of N, N-dimethylformamide, uniformly mixing, then performing microwave radiation, and drying to obtain the degradable super absorbent resin.
3. The ecological moisturizing system in sponge city of claim 2, characterized in that: the frequency of the microwave radiation in the step (2) is 2300-2400Hz, and the radiation time is 5-10 min.
4. The ecological moisturizing system in sponge city as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water retention agent further comprises 10-20 parts of silane coupling agent.
5. The ecological moisturizing system in sponge city of claim 4, characterized in that: the weight ratio of the silane coupling agent to the volcanic ash is (0.5-0.8): 1.
6. The ecological moisturizing system in sponge city of claim 1, characterized in that: the water-retaining agent also comprises 2-3 parts of microbial agents, wherein the microbial agents comprise bacillus subtilis and EM (effective microorganism) strains with the weight ratio of (100- & ltSUB & gt 120) & gt to 1.
7. The ecological moisturizing system in sponge city of claim 6, characterized in that: the beneficial total bacteria number of the EM strain is more than or equal to 1000 hundred million CFU/g, and the effective viable bacteria number of the bacillus subtilis is more than or equal to 300 hundred million CFU/g.
8. The ecological moisturizing system in sponge city of claim 2, characterized in that: the cross-linking agent is one or more of azodiisobutyronitrile, ammonium persulfate and potassium persulfate.
9. The ecological moisturizing system in sponge city of claim 2, characterized in that: the garbage layer comprises kitchen garbage and construction garbage in a volume ratio of (2-3) to 1.
10. Use of the sponge urban ecosystem according to any one of claims 1 to 9 in urban engineering, comprising the steps of:
s1: digging a deep groove with the depth of 60-70cm in an area to be processed;
s2: and sequentially filling a garden waste layer with the thickness of 15-20cm, a garbage layer with the thickness of 8-10cm, a sandstone layer with the thickness of 10-15cm and a water-retaining layer with the thickness of 5-8cm into the deep groove, and finally filling a soil layer to fill the deep groove and plant the plants.
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| CN114287313A (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2022-04-08 | 北京市农林科学院 | Artificial sponge soil and application thereof |
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