CN112338326A - Copper bus welding method - Google Patents
Copper bus welding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112338326A CN112338326A CN202011233625.4A CN202011233625A CN112338326A CN 112338326 A CN112338326 A CN 112338326A CN 202011233625 A CN202011233625 A CN 202011233625A CN 112338326 A CN112338326 A CN 112338326A
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- Prior art keywords
- welding
- copper
- copper bus
- slope
- butt joint
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/235—Preliminary treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/32—Accessories
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
Abstract
A copper bus welding method relates to an improvement of a welding method of an electrolytic cell copper bus used in an electrolysis production process of hydrometallurgy. The method is characterized in that the welding process comprises the following steps: (1) oblique openings are respectively cut at the welding ends of the two copper buses, butt joint is carried out on the steel gasket, and a slope surface opening formed by the two oblique openings is in a V-shaped concave notch after butt joint; (2) removing copper rust, impurities and oil stains on the copper bus bar and the slope surface; (3) forming a copper bus and performing preheating treatment on a slope opening; (4) after preheating, surface cleaning is needed again; (5) by using CO2And carrying out shielded welding by using gas. The method of the invention has high quality of the welded copper bus, can realize quick welding, and effectively improves the disadvantages of long welding time, more operators, large danger coefficient, poor welding quality, difficult surface forming, large welding energy consumption, high production cost, long production dead time and the likeAnd (5) series of welding defects.
Description
Technical Field
A copper bus welding method relates to an improvement of a welding method of an electrolytic cell copper bus used in an electrolysis production process of hydrometallurgy.
Background
In the electrolysis production of hydrometallurgy, an electrolytic bath is the main equipment for metal electrolysis production, and a copper bus is used as a lead for conducting electricity in the working process. The copper bus is a component mainly composed of red copper, and in the electrolytic process, the copper bus functions to send a large current of 10000A or more from a silicon rectifier to an electrolytic cell through a disconnecting switch or the like, and electrolyze the produced metal in the electrolytic cell. Therefore, the quality of the solder mounting of the copper bus bar directly affects the productivity and energy consumption of the production plant.
In the traditional copper bus bar installation and maintenance welding, manual arc welding strip welding is always adopted. For manual electric arc welding, the process has the advantages that the current is large, the voltage is high, the labor intensity of operators is high, and four welders are required to weld 12-15 hours to weld a copper bus; the yield strength after welding is poor, and the internal structure is not uniform; in addition, the welding environment temperature is high, the welding seam contains oxygen and has high hydrogen content, the steam evaporation is serious (copper steam has great damage to human bodies), the air holes are easy to generate, the strength of the welding joint is low, the conductivity is seriously reduced, the welding position is easy to generate heat and other process defects, so that the welding quality and efficiency of the copper bus are extremely low, the service life of the welded copper bus is short, and the welded copper bus needs to be replaced generally in one to three months. And has great potential safety hazard, which causes different safety threats to production units and maintenance workers. In addition, because the space limitation of the site environment is large, welding operators accommodated in the site cannot normally stand, and the potential safety hazard of a certain degree is also caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a copper bus welding method which can effectively solve the problems of long welding time, high welding energy consumption, low strength of a welding joint, high potential safety hazard and the like aiming at the defects of the prior art.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
A copper bus welding method is characterized in that the welding process comprises the following steps:
(1) oblique openings are respectively cut at the welding ends of the two copper buses, butt joint is carried out on the steel gasket, and a slope surface opening formed by the two oblique openings is in a V-shaped concave notch after butt joint;
(2) removing copper rust, impurities and oil stains on the copper bus bar and the slope surface;
(3) forming a copper bus and performing preheating treatment on a slope opening;
(4) after preheating, surface cleaning is needed again;
(5) by using CO2And carrying out shielded welding by using gas.
The invention discloses a copper bus welding method which is characterized in that the steel gasket in the step (1) is a stainless steel U-shaped base plate, and the welding ends of the two copper buses are connected in a clamping manner.
The invention discloses a copper bus welding method which is characterized in that the length of a steel gasket in the step (1) is larger than the length of a V-shaped concave notch formed after the two bevel ports are butted.
The invention discloses a copper bus welding method which is characterized in that the preheating treatment in the step (3) is to heat a copper bus groove and a heat affected zone to 600-700 ℃ by using oxyacetylene flame.
The invention discloses a copper bus welding method, which is characterized in that the welding process parameters in the step (5) are as follows: current: 100A-130A; voltage: 24V-26V; welding gaps: 4mm-5 mm; gas flow rate: 10-15L/min; current form: direct current is reversely connected; welding angle: 70 to 80 degrees.
Hair brushThe technical effects are as follows: the copper bus welding method has high quality of the welded copper bus, can realize quick welding, can be effectively used for the welding maintenance and replacement process of the copper bus of the electrolytic bath in wet smelting, and uses CO2The novel welding process designed by gas shielded welding replaces the traditional manual shielded metal arc welding, and a series of welding defects of long welding time, a large number of operating personnel, large danger coefficient, poor welding quality, difficult surface forming, large welding energy consumption, high production cost, long production dead time and the like in the traditional copper bus maintenance and replacement are overcome.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a copper bus bar welding method according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a top view of fig. 1.
Detailed Description
A copper bus welding method comprises the following steps: (1) oblique openings are respectively cut at the welding ends of the two copper buses, butt joint is carried out on the steel gasket, and a slope surface opening formed by the two oblique openings is in a V-shaped concave notch after butt joint; (2) removing copper rust, impurities and oil stains on the copper bus bar and the slope surface; (3) forming a copper bus and performing preheating treatment on a slope opening; (4) after preheating, surface cleaning is needed again; (5) by using CO2And carrying out shielded welding by using gas.
The method of the present invention is further illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
In the attached drawings, 1 is a V-shaped groove; 2 is a U-shaped gasket; and 3, a groove part is formed on the gasket.
The welding process used CHN-HS201 welding wire, CJ301 flux, with a wire diameter of 1.2 mm. A stainless steel U-shaped backing plate with the thickness of 8mm is adopted.
The specific operation steps are as follows:
(1) beveling: an oblique 45 ° bevel was cut with an electric toothless saw and ground, the bevel being V-shaped (shown in fig. 1). Oblique openings are respectively cut at the welding ends of the two copper buses, butt joint is carried out on the steel gasket, and a slope surface opening formed by the two oblique openings is in a V-shaped concave notch after butt joint; the length of the steel gasket is 40mm longer than that of a V-shaped concave notch formed by butting slope ports formed by two bevel ports.
(2) Surface cleaning: the rust, impurities, oil stains, and the like on the surface of the base material and the groove are removed by a wire brush, sand paper, or the like.
(3) Preheating treatment: the preheating energy reduces the cooling speed after welding, is beneficial to reducing the highest hardness of a red copper heat affected zone, prevents cold cracks, can also improve the molding of the joint and reduce the residual stress after welding. Heating the copper bus groove and the heat affected zone to 600-700 ℃ by oxyacetylene flame.
(4) Cleaning after preheating: after preheating, the black oxidized slag on the surface of the copper plate needs to be cleaned by a steel wire brush again.
(5) The welding mode is as follows: multilayer multi-pass welding is adopted, so that fusion is good, the plasticity after welding is effectively increased, and the deformation is reduced; welding defects such as air holes, slag inclusion, cold cracks and the like are reduced; and (5) welding and forming.
(6) Welding parameters are as follows: the copper bus is a thick plate, the length of a welding seam is 120-: 100A-130A; voltage: 24V-26V; welding gaps: 4mm-5 mm; gas flow rate: 10-15L/min; current form: direct current is reversely connected; welding angle: 70 to 80 degrees.
(7) Heating in the process: heating to the welding temperature before welding, and continuing heating according to the color change of the base metal in the welding process.
The copper bus welding method provided by the invention has the advantages that the problems of much labor force and long operation time for welding the copper bus are reduced to the greatest extent, and the problems of poor welding quality, high welding energy consumption, low welding efficiency, many welding danger hidden dangers and the like in the traditional process are solved.
The gas shielded welding is adopted for welding, and the traditional shielding gas Ar is changed into CO with better protection and lower manufacturing cost2(ii) a CHN-HS201 welding wire, CJ301 flux, was used, the wire diameter was 1.2 mm. The welding flux is required to be added before welding and in the welding process, so that the fluidity of copper water can be increased, a better protection effect is achieved, and both bottoming and forming are better.
Adopt 8mm stainless steel U type backing plate (shown in figure 1), because the mobility of copper is good, use the backing plate to prevent that the copper water from flowing the adhesion at weldment back and bottom, can ensure better shaping, and stainless steel and copper do not fuse, can get rid of it easily after the welding is accomplished.
The method of welding by heating two persons and one person is adopted, and the total operation time is shortened to 1.5-2 h from 12-15 h of the traditional method. Greatly reducing the maintenance time and the production dead time, reducing a large amount of labor intensity of maintenance personnel and improving the safety factor of maintenance. The welding technology realizes that the mechanical property of the strength of the welding joint of the copper bus is higher than that of wood, and changes the original once-a-month repair into half-a-year or even one-year repair. In conclusion, the technical innovation can increase over million economic benefits every year.
Claims (5)
1. A copper bus welding method is characterized in that the welding process comprises the following steps:
(1) oblique openings are respectively cut at the welding ends of the two copper buses, butt joint is carried out on the steel gasket, and a slope surface opening formed by the two oblique openings is in a V-shaped concave notch after butt joint;
(2) removing copper rust, impurities and oil stains on the copper bus bar and the slope surface;
(3) forming a copper bus and performing preheating treatment on a slope opening;
(4) after preheating, surface cleaning is needed again;
(5) by using CO2And carrying out shielded welding by using gas.
2. The method for welding the copper busbar according to claim 1, wherein the steel gasket in the step (1) is a stainless steel U-shaped base plate, and the welding ends of the two copper busbars are connected in a clamping manner.
3. The method for welding the copper busbar according to claim 1, wherein the length of the steel gasket in the step (1) is greater than the length of a V-shaped notch formed by butting slope ports formed by two bevel ports.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the preheating treatment in step (3) is performed by heating the copper busbar bevel and the heat affected zone to 600-700 ℃ with oxyacetylene flame.
5. The method for welding the copper bus bar according to claim 1, wherein the welding parameters in the step (5) are as follows: current: 100A-130A; voltage: 24V-26V; welding gaps: 4mm-5 mm; gas flow rate: 10-15L/min; current form: direct current is reversely connected; welding angle: 70 to 80 degrees.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011233625.4A CN112338326A (en) | 2020-11-06 | 2020-11-06 | Copper bus welding method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011233625.4A CN112338326A (en) | 2020-11-06 | 2020-11-06 | Copper bus welding method |
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| CN112338326A true CN112338326A (en) | 2021-02-09 |
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| CN202011233625.4A Pending CN112338326A (en) | 2020-11-06 | 2020-11-06 | Copper bus welding method |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1445044A (en) * | 2003-04-17 | 2003-10-01 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for red copper transition welding without preheating metal alloy |
| CN101032778A (en) * | 2006-03-10 | 2007-09-12 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | Pulsed arc welding method |
| JP2007260715A (en) * | 2006-03-28 | 2007-10-11 | Jfe Steel Kk | Method for producing superhigh strength welded steel pipe |
| CN102262924A (en) * | 2011-06-09 | 2011-11-30 | 山东中佳新材料有限公司 | Large-section oxygen-free copper busbar and preparation method |
-
2020
- 2020-11-06 CN CN202011233625.4A patent/CN112338326A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1445044A (en) * | 2003-04-17 | 2003-10-01 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for red copper transition welding without preheating metal alloy |
| CN101032778A (en) * | 2006-03-10 | 2007-09-12 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | Pulsed arc welding method |
| JP2007260715A (en) * | 2006-03-28 | 2007-10-11 | Jfe Steel Kk | Method for producing superhigh strength welded steel pipe |
| CN102262924A (en) * | 2011-06-09 | 2011-11-30 | 山东中佳新材料有限公司 | Large-section oxygen-free copper busbar and preparation method |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 张少炯等: "自动焊技术在球形储罐焊接中的应用", 《石油工程建》 * |
| 武广昭: "大截面紫铜母线的焊接工艺与组装", 《热加工工艺》 * |
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