CN112335781B - Special starter feed for laying hens to brood and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Special starter feed for laying hens to brood and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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CN112335781B
CN112335781B CN202011151301.6A CN202011151301A CN112335781B CN 112335781 B CN112335781 B CN 112335781B CN 202011151301 A CN202011151301 A CN 202011151301A CN 112335781 B CN112335781 B CN 112335781B
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vitamin
brooding
compound
starter feed
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CN112335781A (en
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刘保仓
彭鹄
王成
景炜
院江
韩坤
岳远瑞
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Changsha Sanwang Feed Co.,Ltd.
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Kashi Taikun Feed Co ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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    • A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
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    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
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    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/174—Vitamins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
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    • A23K—FODDER
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Abstract

The invention discloses a special starter feed for laying hen brooding and preparation and application thereof, wherein the special starter feed for laying hen brooding comprises, by weight, 500-700 parts of corn, 150-350 parts of soybean meal, 40-60 parts of soybean protein concentrate, 10-30 parts of fish meal, 10-30 parts of fat of young livestock, 10-20 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 10-20 parts of calcium carbonate, 5-15 parts of compound amino acid, 1-3 parts of compound vitamin and 1-3 parts of compound trace element. The special brooding starter feed for the laying hens, which is prepared by screening, pretreating and high-temperature curing the raw materials, can improve the health, the weight, the organ development and the stress resistance of the laying hens, fully meets the early nutritional requirement of the laying hens, ensures that the survival rate of the fed chicks is over 95 percent, improves the weight and the uniformity of the chicks by 5 to 14 percent, improves the bone development by 1 to 2mm by taking the length of shin bones as an index, and has low mortality and culling rate of early chicken groups. Provides data support for the development of the special starter feed for layer chicken brooding.

Description

Special starter feed for laying hens to brood and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of feeds, and particularly relates to a special starter feed for laying hens to brood as well as a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Under the economic situation of a new normal market, the laying hen breeding is developed in a standardized and large-scale direction; the early nutrition of the laying hens has very important correlation of '5-week-life-setting' on the best production performance of the laying hens in the whole laying period, multiple studies on the laying hens prove that the achievement of the early weight is the fact that the basic development of a digestive system and an immune system of the laying hens is good, the digestion and absorption capacity and the disease resistance capacity of feed in the later period are improved, the laying hens entering a house are influenced by transportation and environmental factors, the nutrition source and the absorption mode of the laying hens are changed, the laying hens face the conditions of high stress, easy disease generation and difficult achievement of the weight, some breeders on the market select the compound feed for the laying hens for achieving the weight, the excessively high protein of the feed for the laying hens causes the disorder of the digestion function of the laying hens, the problems of unbalanced growth and development, reduced uniformity and high death and culling rate of the laying hens in the whole production period are influenced, and the special hatch feed for the laying hens can improve the health, the weight, the organ development and the stress resistance of the laying hens and fully meet the requirement of the early nutrition of the laying hens.
The 0-7 day old of the young poultry is the death and culling peak period of the poultry industry, and the period of poultry feeding nutrition is changed from yolk nutrition intake to feed nutrition intake, so that the feed intake is low, the digestive tract is incomplete, the digestive enzymes are few, and the resistance to external stress is weak. At present, the main method is to add medicines such as glucose, electrolytic multivitamins, antibiotics and the like into drinking water of young birds at 0-3 days old to reduce the death and culling rate in the stage. With the scale and automation of modern breeding modes, the operation of adding medicines into water is complicated, a large amount of manpower is consumed, and the adding proportion is inaccurate. If the medicine added into the water is not drunk in time, the effect is easy to lose, bacteria are easy to breed, and the young birds with low disease resistance are easy to infect the germs.
Chinese patents with publication numbers of CN103636932A and CN102318780A respectively disclose a young poultry open feed and preparation method level application thereof and an open compound feed for laying hens in a brooding period for improving immunity, and high nutrition is designed according to the nutrition thought of broiler chickens, so that the problem that the early body weight gain of laying young chickens reaches the standard and the digestive tract development and the death and culling rate of the young chickens can be improved to a certain extent is mainly solved, but some problems exist, the feed is not subjected to high-temperature curing treatment, and the feed is not purified enough; the processing technology of the product is simple, and the digestion and utilization rate of the raw materials cannot be improved; the feed raw materials cannot be comprehensively pretreated, and the anti-nutritional factor content is high; unbalanced nutrition, no strengthening to vitamin nutrition and microelement nutrition. Therefore, the laying performance of the laying hens is improved on the basis of solving the problem that the weight of the laying hens reaches the standard to be further developed and found.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems that the existing poultry starter feed has overhigh meat protein, causes the digestive function of the laying chicks to be disordered, and causes unbalanced growth and development, reduced uniformity, high death and culling rate and the like of the laying chicks. The invention aims to provide a special starter feed for laying hen brooding and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the special starter feed for laying hen brooding comprises 500-700 parts of corn, 150-350 parts of soybean meal, 40-60 parts of soybean protein concentrate, 10-30 parts of fish meal, 10-30 parts of fat of young stock, 10-20 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 10-20 parts of calcium carbonate, 5-15 parts of compound amino acid, 1-3 parts of compound vitamin and 1-3 parts of compound trace element. According to the invention, through screening and pretreatment of feed raw materials and optimization of a preparation process, the finally prepared special starter feed for laying hen brooding can improve the weight, organ development and anti-stress capability of the laying hen brooding and fully meet the early nutrition requirement of the laying hen. By further considering the feeding condition of the special starter feed for laying hen brooding provided by the invention, the weight and uniformity of the special product for feeding is improved by 5-14%, the bone development is improved by 1-2mm by taking the length of shin bone as an index, the development of visceral organs such as muscular stomach, glandular stomach, intestinal tract, liver and bursa of fabricius is obvious, the death and culling rate of early chickens is low, the resistance of chickens is strong, the anti-stress capability during vaccine immunity is strong, and a good organism foundation is laid for improving the laying rate of laying hens.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a special starter feed for laying hen brooding, which comprises, by weight, 500-700 parts of corn, 150-350 parts of soybean meal, 40-60 parts of soybean protein concentrate, 10-30 parts of fish meal, 10-30 parts of young stock fat, 10-20 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 10-20 parts of calcium carbonate, 5-15 parts of compound amino acid, 1-3 parts of compound vitamin and 1-3 parts of compound trace element.
Preferably, the special starter feed for laying hen brooding comprises 600 parts of corn, 250 parts of soybean meal, 50 parts of soybean protein concentrate, 20 parts of fish meal, 20 parts of fat of young livestock, 15 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 15 parts of calcium carbonate, 10 parts of compound amino acid, 1 part of compound vitamin and 2 parts of compound trace element.
The compound amino acid comprises lysine, methionine, threonine and tryptophan in a mass ratio of 1.
The composite trace elements comprise copper sulfate, ferric sulfate, manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate, sodium selenite, cobalt chloride and calcium iodate in a mass ratio of 0.2.
Each kilogram of the compound vitamin comprises 1500 ten thousand units of vitamin A75g and 250 ten thousand units of vitamin D 3 15g, vitamin E100g and vitamin K 3 9g, vitamin B 1 15g of vitamin B 2 15g of vitamin B 6 30g of vitamin B 12 25g, 150g of vitamin C and 30g of biotin.
Meanwhile, the invention provides a preparation method of the special starter feed for laying hen brooding, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Crushing bean pulp by using a sieve sheet with the size of 2.5 mm, adding a complex enzyme preparation into half of the bean pulp according to the mass volume percentage of 0.2%, placing the mixture into a fermentation tank, performing anaerobic fermentation at the temperature of 26-30 ℃ for 7-10 days, drying at the temperature of 80-120 ℃ for 8-12 hours, crushing, and sieving by using a sieve with the size of 80-120 meshes to obtain the fermented bean pulp;
(2) Crushing corn by using a 2.5 mm sieve sheet, puffing one third of corn at 120-150 ℃ for 3-5h, cooling to room temperature, crushing, and sieving by using a 80-120 mesh sieve to obtain puffed corn;
(3) Weighing unfermented soybean meal, unexpanded corn and fish meal, aging at 80-100 deg.C for 0.5-2 hr, cooling to room temperature, pulverizing, and sieving with 80-120 mesh sieve to obtain first-aged material;
(4) And (3) fully mixing the fermented soybean meal obtained in the step (1), the puffed corn obtained in the step (2) and the primary cured material obtained in the step (3) with the soybean protein concentrate, the fat of the young livestock, the calcium hydrophosphate, the calcium carbonate, the compound amino acid and the compound trace element, and granulating at 70-90 ℃ to obtain the special starter feed for laying hen brooding.
In the preparation method of the special open feed for brooding of the laying hens, the complex enzyme preparation comprises Amylase (Amylase), galactosidase (Galactosidase), xylanase (Pentopan Mono), glucanase (dextran), mannanase (mannase) and Protease (Protease) in a mass ratio of 1.
In the preparation method of the special starter feed for brooding of the laying hens, in the step (1) of bean pulp pretreatment, the anaerobic fermentation temperature is 28 ℃, the anaerobic fermentation time is 8d, the drying temperature is 100 ℃, and the drying time is 10h.
In the preparation method of the special starter feed for brooding of the laying hens, the swelling temperature in the step (2) is 130 ℃, and the time is 4 hours.
In the preparation method of the special starter feed for the brooding of the laying hens, the curing temperature in the step (3) is 90 ℃, and the time is 1h.
The invention relates to application of a special starter feed for laying hen brooding in laying hen brooding.
After the technical scheme is adopted, the beneficial effects obtained by the invention are as follows:
(1) The hatch feed special for laying hen brooding provided by the invention can improve the health, weight, organ development and anti-stress capability of laying hens and fully meet the early-stage nutritional requirements of the laying hens.
(2) The nutritional index of the special starter feed for laying hen brooding provided by the invention is higher than that of the existing product, the corn puffing and secondary curing processes are utilized to treat the raw materials, the feed has high actual energy and protein utilization rate in the animal body, the high-temperature granulation process kills pathogenic microorganisms and purifies the feed, and the soybean meal is fermented to provide small peptides, lactic acid and beneficial microorganisms, so that the intestinal health is promoted, the nutrients of vitamins and trace elements are enhanced, and the development of internal organs is facilitated.
(3) The starter feed special for laying hen brooding, which is obtained by the technical scheme, improves the weight and uniformity of laying hens by 5-14% within 3 weeks of the same breeding cycle, improves the bone development by 1-2mm by taking the length of shin as an index, has obvious development of visceral organs such as muscular stomach, glandular stomach, intestinal tract, liver and bursa of fabricius, and is low in death and culling rate of early chicken groups, strong in resistance of chicken, and strong in anti-stress capability during vaccine immunization.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a curved surface diagram showing the effect of puffing temperature and curing temperature on the crude protein content of feed in the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a curved surface diagram showing the effect of puffing temperature and granulating temperature on the crude protein content of feed in the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a graph of the effect of maturation temperature and pelleting temperature on feed crude protein content in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a curved plot of the effect of puffing temperature and maturation temperature on the metabolic energy of feed in the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a graph of the effect of puffing temperature and pelleting temperature on the metabolic energy of feed in the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the effect of maturation temperature and pelleting temperature on the metabolic energy of feed in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a graph of the effect of puffing temperature and maturation temperature on the crude fat content of a feed in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a graph of the effect of puffing temperature and pelleting temperature on the crude fat content of a feed in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a graph showing the effect of maturation temperature and granulation temperature on the crude fat content of the feed according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
The raw materials of corn, bean pulp, soybean protein concentrate, fish meal, young stock fat and the like adopted by the invention can be purchased through public channels, and the equipment and instruments adopted in the process are common equipment in the field.
All materials, practices and instrumentation assays selected for use in the present invention are well known in the art and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the invention, and other reagents and equipment well known in the art may be suitable for use in the practice of the following embodiments of the invention.
The invention has the following measurement indexes:
(1) And (3) measuring the growth performance: when 1 day old chicks entered the cage, the weight of the chicks was weighed and wing numbers were installed. During the raising period, the number of dead chickens is recorded every day by taking a group as a unit, and the fed material amount and the residual material amount of each group are recorded. The weights of all test chickens were weighed weekly, and after weighing, the length and circumference of the shin of the chickens were accurately measured with a vernier caliper. And calculating the death and culling rate, the daily gain, the daily feed intake, the material-to-weight ratio and the uniformity of each group.
(2) And (3) determination of serum biochemical indexes: from each group, 30 chickens were randomly picked up, and a 2ml non-anticoagulated blood was collected from each chicken in a fasting state. After the blood sample is collected, the measured serum biochemical indexes comprise: free triiodothyronine (FT 3-I), free thyroxine (FT 4-I), calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), total Protein (TP), albumin (ALB), globulin (GLB), alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), urea (Urea), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (T-CH).
(3) From each group, 30 chicks were randomly slaughtered. Removing tissues attached to the left femur, tibia and tarsal metatarsus of each chicken, packaging into self-sealing bags, storing at-20 deg.C, and measuring the bone strength of tibia the next day.
Example 1: special starter feed for laying hens
A special starter feed for laying hens in brooding comprises, by weight, 500-700 parts of corn, 150-350 parts of soybean meal, 40-60 parts of soybean protein concentrate, 10-30 parts of fish meal, 10-30 parts of fat of young stock, 10-20 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 10-20 parts of calcium carbonate, 5-15 parts of compound amino acid, 1-3 parts of compound vitamin and 1-3 parts of compound trace element. Wherein, the compound amino acid comprises lysine, methionine, threonine and tryptophan in a mass ratio of 1; the composite trace elements comprise copper sulfate, ferric sulfate, manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate, cobalt chloride and calcium iodate in a mass ratio of 0.2; each kilogram of the compound vitamin comprises 1500 ten thousand units of vitamin A75g and 250 ten thousand units of vitamin D 3 15g, vitamin E100g and vitamin K 3 9g, vitamin B 1 15g of vitamin B 2 15g of vitamin B 6 30g, vitamin B 12 25g, 150g of vitamin C and 30g of biotin.
Example 2: special starter feed for laying hens
A special starter feed for laying hens in brooding comprises 600kg of corn, 250kg of soybean meal, 50kg of soybean protein concentrate, 20kg of fish meal, 20kg of fat of young livestock, 15kg of calcium hydrophosphate, 15kg of calcium carbonate, 10kg of compound amino acid, 1kg of compound vitamin and 2kg of compound trace element. Wherein, the compound amino acid comprises lysine, methionine, threonine and tryptophan in a mass ratio of 1; the composite trace elements comprise copper sulfate, ferric sulfate, manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate, cobalt chloride and calcium iodate in a mass ratio of 0.2; each kilogram of the compound vitamin comprises 1500 ten thousand units of vitamin A75g and 250 ten thousand units of vitamin D 3 15g, 100g vitamin E and K 3 9g, vitamin B 1 15g of vitamin B 2 15g, vitamin B 6 30g, vitamin B 12 25g, 150g of vitamin C and 30g of biotin.
Example 3: special starter feed for laying hens
A special starter feed for laying hens comprises corn 500kg, soybean meal 150kg, soybean protein concentrate 40kg, and fish powder10kg, young stock fat 10kg, calcium hydrophosphate 10kg, calcium carbonate 10kg, compound amino acid 5kg, compound vitamin 1kg, compound microelement 1kg. Wherein, the compound amino acid comprises lysine, methionine, threonine and tryptophan in a mass ratio of 1; the composite trace elements comprise copper sulfate, ferric sulfate, manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate, cobalt chloride and calcium iodate in a mass ratio of 0.2; each kilogram of the compound vitamin comprises 1500 ten thousand units of vitamin A75g and 250 ten thousand units of vitamin D 3 15g, 100g vitamin E and K 3 9g of vitamin B 1 15g of vitamin B 2 15g of vitamin B 6 30g, vitamin B 12 25g, 150g of vitamin C and 30g of biotin.
Example 4: special starter feed for laying hens
A special starter feed for laying hens in brooding comprises 700kg of corn, 350kg of soybean meal, 60kg of soybean protein concentrate, 30kg of fish meal, 30kg of fat of young livestock, 20kg of calcium hydrophosphate, 20kg of calcium carbonate, 15kg of compound amino acid, 3kg of compound vitamin and 3kg of compound trace element. Wherein, the compound amino acid comprises lysine, methionine, threonine and tryptophan in a mass ratio of 1; the composite trace elements comprise copper sulfate, ferric sulfate, manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate, cobalt chloride and calcium iodate in a mass ratio of 0.2; each kilogram of the compound vitamin comprises 1500 ten thousand units of vitamin A75g and 250 ten thousand units of vitamin D 3 15g, vitamin E100g and vitamin K 3 9g, vitamin B 1 15g, vitamin B 2 15g, vitamin B 6 30g, vitamin B 12 25g, 150g of vitamin C and 30g of biotin.
Example 5: special starter feed for laying hens in brooding period
A special starter feed for laying hens in brooding comprises 650kg of corn, 200kg of soybean meal, 55kg of soybean protein concentrate, 25kg of fish meal, 25kg of fat of young livestock, 18kg of calcium hydrophosphate, 16kg of calcium carbonate, 13kg of compound amino acid, 2kg of compound vitamin and 2kg of compound trace element. Wherein, the compound amino acid comprises lysine, methionine, threonine and tryptophan in a mass ratio of 1; the composite trace elements comprise the following components in mass ratio of 0.2Acid copper, ferric sulfate, manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate, cobalt chloride and calcium iodate; each kilogram of the compound vitamin comprises 1500 ten thousand units of vitamin A75g and 250 ten thousand units of vitamin D 3 15g, vitamin E100g and vitamin K 3 9g, vitamin B 1 15g of vitamin B 2 15g of vitamin B 6 30g, vitamin B 12 25g, 150g of vitamin C and 30g of biotin.
Example 6: preparation of special starter feed for laying hen brooding
In this embodiment, on the basis of the formula of the starter feed for laying hen brooding provided in embodiments 1 to 5, a preparation method of the starter feed for laying hen brooding is provided, which specifically includes the following steps:
(1) Crushing the bean pulp by using a sieve sheet with the size of 2.5 mm, adding a complex enzyme preparation into half of the bean pulp according to the mass volume percentage of 0.2%, placing the bean pulp in a fermentation tank, performing anaerobic fermentation at the temperature of 26-30 ℃ for 7-10 days, drying at the temperature of 80-120 ℃ for 8-12 hours, crushing, and sieving by using a sieve with the size of 80-120 meshes to obtain the fermented bean pulp;
(2) Crushing corn by using a 2.5 mm sieve sheet, puffing one third of corn at 120-150 ℃ for 3-5h, cooling to room temperature, crushing, and sieving by using a 80-120 mesh sieve to obtain puffed corn;
(3) Weighing unfermented soybean meal raw material, unexpanded corn raw material and fish meal, aging at 80-100 deg.C for 0.5-2 hr, cooling to room temperature, pulverizing, and sieving with 80-120 mesh sieve to obtain first-time aged material;
(4) And (3) fully mixing the fermented soybean meal obtained in the step (1), the puffed corn obtained in the step (2) and the primary cured material obtained in the step (3) with soybean protein concentrate, fat of young livestock, calcium hydrophosphate, calcium carbonate, compound amino acid, compound trace elements and compound vitamins, and granulating at 70-90 ℃ to obtain the special starter feed for laying hen brooding.
Wherein the compound enzyme preparation comprises Amylase (Amylase), galactosidase (Galactosidase), xylanase (Pentopan Mono), glucanase (Dextranase), mannanase (mannase) and Protease (Protease) in a mass ratio of 1.
Example 7: preparation of special starter feed for laying hen brooding
In this embodiment, on the basis of the starter feed formula for laying hen brooding and the preparation method in embodiment 1 to embodiment 5, the anaerobic fermentation temperature of the soybean meal is 28 ℃, the anaerobic fermentation time is 8d, the drying temperature is 100 ℃, and the drying time is 10h; the corn puffing temperature is 130 ℃, and the time is 4 hours; the curing temperature of the primary cured material is 90 ℃, and the time is 1h; the complex enzyme preparation comprises Amylase (Amylase), galactosidase (Galactosidase), xylanase (PentopanaMono), glucanase (Dextranase), mannanase (Mannase) and Protease (Protease) in a mass ratio of 1.
Example 8: preparation of special starter feed for laying hen brooding
In this embodiment, on the basis of the starter feed formula for laying hen brooding and the preparation method in embodiment 1 to embodiment 5, the anaerobic fermentation temperature of the soybean meal is 26 ℃, the anaerobic fermentation time is 7d, the drying temperature is 80 ℃, and the drying time is 8h; the corn puffing temperature is 120 ℃, and the time is 3 hours; the curing temperature of the primary cured material is 80 ℃, and the time is 0.5h; the complex enzyme preparation comprises Amylase (Amylase), galactosidase (Galactosidase), xylanase (PentopanaMono), glucanase (Dextranase), mannanase (Mannase) and Protease (Protease) in a mass ratio of 1.
Example 9: preparation of special starter feed for laying hen brooding
In this embodiment, on the basis of the starter feed formula for laying hen brooding and the preparation method in embodiment 1 to embodiment 5, the anaerobic fermentation temperature of the soybean meal is 30 ℃, the anaerobic fermentation time is 10d, the drying temperature is 120 ℃, and the drying time is 12h; the corn puffing temperature is 150 ℃, and the time is 5 hours; the curing temperature of the primary cured material is 100 ℃, and the time is 2 hours; the complex enzyme preparation comprises Amylase (Amylase), galactosidase (Galactosidase), xylanase (pentasan Mono), glucanase (Dextranase), mannanase (mannase) and Protease (Protease) in a mass ratio of 1.
Example 10: preparation of special starter feed for laying hen brooding
In this embodiment, on the basis of the starter feed formula for laying hen brooding and the preparation method in embodiment 1 to embodiment 5, the anaerobic fermentation temperature of the soybean meal is 26 ℃, the anaerobic fermentation time is 9d, the drying temperature is 100 ℃, and the drying time is 10h; the corn puffing temperature is 140 ℃, and the time is 4 hours; the curing temperature of the primary cured material is 90 ℃, and the time is 1h; the complex enzyme preparation comprises Amylase (Amylase), galactosidase (Galactosidase), xylanase (pentamona), glucanase (Dextranase), mannanase (mannase) and Protease (Protease) in a mass ratio of 1.
Example 11: optimization of preparation process of special starter feed for laying hen brooding
The formula of example 1 and the preparation method of example 6 are respectively adopted to prepare the special starter feed for laying hen brooding by adopting Box-Behnken test design, the influence of the puffing temperature (A), the curing temperature (B) and the granulating temperature (C) on the crude protein content R1, the metabolic energy R2 and the crude fat content R3 of the special starter feed for laying hen brooding is researched, a mathematical model of various factors of preparation process parameters and the quality index of the special starter feed for laying hen brooding is established, the response surface test factors and the level are shown in a table 1, the Box-Bohnken test design and the result are shown in a table 2 and attached figures 1 to 9.
Table 1: response surface test factor level table
Composition of Unit of Minimum value Maximum value of
Puffing temperature (. Degree.C.) ℃ 120 140
Maturation temperature (. Degree.C.) ℃ 80 100
Granulation temperature (. Degree.C.) ℃ 70 90
Table 2: design result of Box-bohnken experiment
Figure BDA0002741393800000121
Figure BDA0002741393800000131
According to response surface analysis, the optimal process conditions of the special starter feed for laying hen brooding are as follows: the contents of the components of the special starter feed for laying hen brooding obtained under the process conditions are respectively optimal when the puffing temperature is 130 ℃, the curing temperature is 90 ℃ and the granulating temperature is 80 ℃. In a verification test, the technological conditions of the puffing temperature of 130 ℃, the curing temperature of 90 ℃ and the granulating temperature of 80 ℃ are selected, so that the obtained special starter feed for laying hens has the crude protein content of 20.4%, the metabolic energy of 3045kJ and the crude fat content of 4.6%. The measured values of the components of the special starter feed for laying hen brooding are basically consistent with the estimated values, and the process model has a good effect.
Example 12: comparison of nutritional ingredients of hatch feed special for laying hen brooding and common hatch feed for brooding
In this example, the nutritional ingredients of the starter feed for laying hens and the commercial starter feed for brooding prepared in examples 2 to 5 and 7 to 10 of the present invention were measured, and the specific data are shown in table 3.
Table 3: the invention is compared with the nutrition index of the commercial feed
Figure BDA0002741393800000132
Figure BDA0002741393800000141
The data in table 3 show that the nutritional index of the special starter feed for laying hen brooding is higher than that of the existing product, the pretreatment of the raw materials has a remarkable effect on improving the nutritional ingredients of the special starter feed, the actual energy and protein utilization rate in the animal body is higher, the pathogenic microorganisms are killed and the feed is purified by the high-temperature granulation process, and the soybean meal is fermented to provide small peptides, lactic acid and beneficial microorganisms, so that the intestinal health is promoted, the nutrients of vitamins and trace elements are enhanced, and the development of internal organs is facilitated.
Example 13: the open feed special for laying hen brooding is compared with the common open feed for brooding
In 2019, feeding tests are carried out on about 3000 laying hen chicks in a single-circle scale in five-family ditch cultivation areas of a Xinjiang Thailand Queen group in 3-5 months, the feeding conditions are the same, commercial starter feed is fed according to the optimal feeding amount of a specification, and the formula feeding amount of the laying hen feed disclosed by the invention is 1% of the weight of the laying hens. The improvement effect of the chicks in the aspects of growth performance (weight, uniformity), serum biochemical indexes, bone development and the like is observed when the chicks are fed by using the special starter feed compared with the commercial starter feed.
(1) Design of experiments
In the embodiment, about 3000 parallel groups are fed in a single-circle scale in five-furrow breeding area in Xinjiang, and the group 1 is fed with commercial layer brooding starter feed and is recorded as a sample A; feeding the young poultry with the feed for the opening part of the young poultry, and taking the feed as a sample B (a technical scheme disclosed in Chinese patent with the publication number of CN 103636932A); the group 3 is fed with an open compound feed for raising immunity in the brooding period of the laying hens and is recorded as a sample C (a technical scheme disclosed in Chinese patent with the publication number of CN 102318780A); the feed prepared according to the formulation of example 2 and the preparation method of example 7 of the present invention was fed to groups 4-6, and designated as samples D-F; meanwhile, feeding tests and comparison are carried out on the feeds provided by the examples 2-5 to 7-10 of the invention, and the rest concrete steps and parameters are the same. Each group was divided into 3 parts on average.
Table 4: design of experimental breeding scheme
Grouping Design of feeding scheme
Test group A Commercial starter feed
Test group B Feed for starter
Test group C Immunity-improving compound feed for laying hens in brooding period
Test group D 0.5% feeding amount of the feed
Test group E 1% feeding amount of the feed
Test group F 2% feeding amount of the feed
(2) Analysis of test results
The chicks were fed according to the above test protocol, and the productivity (body weight, uniformity), serum biochemical indicators, skeletal development and the like of the chicks were measured and subjected to data statistics by the feed, and the final results are shown in the attached tables 4-7.
Table 5: influence of feed on chicken production performance
Figure BDA0002741393800000151
Figure BDA0002741393800000161
Table 6: effect of feed on serum index of chicks in third week
Group of Total protein (g/L) Total cholesterol (mmol/L) Calcium (mmol/L)
A 29.67±0.44 b 3.01±0.47 b 2.55±0.06 c
B 30.13±0.19 b 3.09±0.53 b 2.58±0.05 c
C 30.25±0.42 b 3.07±0.34 b 2.60±0.04b
D 33.26±0.19 d 3.22±0.85 d 2.68±0.07 a
E 33.82±0.24 b 3.39±0.36 a 2.89±0.05 c
F 33.18±0.32a 3.26±0.25b 2.65±0.06a
Example 2 33.45±0.25a 3.35±0.41b 2.86±0.09a
Example 3 32.86±0.35d 3.19±0.34a 2.66±0.05c
Example 4 32.91±0.31c 3.15±0.26b 2.68±0.05b
Example 5 33.09±0.33b 3.27±0.36b 2.81±0.07c
Example 7 33.61±0.27c 3.33±0.32a 2.85±0.06a
Example 8 32.88±0.40c 3.21±0.33a 2.67±0.08c
Example 9 32.96±0.37a 3.26±0.31b 2.70±0.09b
Example 10 33.16±0.29b 3.31±0.35b 2.82±0.08a
Note: (1) different superscripts within the same column indicate significant differences (P < 0.05), and the same superscript indicates insignificant differences (P > 0.05).
Table 7: effect of different feeds on chick bone development
Group of Tibial Strength (N) Shank length (mm) Shin guard (cm)
A 70.3±7.2 43.16±0.36a 2.75±0.46b
B 70.3±6.5 43.29±0.48a 2.77±0.39b
C 70.2±5.8 43.52±0.55a 2.74±0.56b
D 71.2±5.5 44.34±0.31b 2.81±0.33b
E 71.5±4.6 45.24±0.23b 2.85±0.29a
F 71.3±5.2 44.64±0.51a 2.83±034a
Example 2 71.4±5.7 45.06±0.39a 2.85±0.52a
Example 3 70.8±4.2 44.26±0.65b 2.80±0.61a
Example 4 70.7±6.3 44.28±0.49b 2.82±0.37a
Example 5 71.2±2.9 44.84±0.62a 2.84±0.13a
Example 7 71.3±2.8 45.12±0.34b 2.83±0.36c
Example 8 70.7±3.5 44.31±0.58c 2.81±0.42a
Example 9 70.8±4.6 44.29±0.41a 2.81±0.59c
Example 10 71.2±5.3 44.96±0.39b 2.83±0.52b
Note: the letters in the same column indicate no significant difference (P > 0.05), the adjacent letters indicate significant difference (P < 0.05), and the alternate letters indicate very significant difference (P < 0.01).
The data in the attached tables 4-6 show that the special open feed for laying hen brooding prepared by the invention is compared with commercially available open feeds for chicks, open feed for chicks and open compound feeds for raising immunity of laying hens in the brooding period, the feeding of the chicks from 3 months to 5 months in 2019 is performed under the same conditions, the production performance of the chicks is compared, the special open feed for laying hen brooding provided by the invention is obviously superior to that of other groups, after the chicks are fed for three weeks, the survival rate of the chicks fed by the feed is over 95 percent, the weight and the uniformity of the chicks are improved by 5-14 percent, the bone growth is improved by 1-2mm by taking the tibia length as an index, the death and culling rate of early-stage groups is low, the resistance of the chicks is strong, the anti-stress capability during vaccine immunization is strong, further, the blood biochemical indexes of different feed for feeding the open feeds for different brooding are investigated, the chicks fed by the special open feed for laying hens prepared by the invention, the chicks have the total protein content of 32-33g/L, and the average protein content of the chicks is obviously improved.
The above examples are merely illustrative for clearly illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications can be made while remaining within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. The special starter feed for laying hen brooding is characterized by comprising, by weight, 600 parts of special starter feed for laying hen brooding corn, 250 parts of soybean meal, 50 parts of soybean protein concentrate, 20 parts of fish meal, 20 parts of fat of young livestock, 15 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 15 parts of calcium carbonate, 10 parts of compound amino acid, 1 part of compound vitamin and 2 parts of compound trace element; wherein, the compound amino acid comprises lysine, methionine, threonine and tryptophan in a mass ratio of 1; the composite trace elements comprise copper sulfate, ferric sulfate, manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate, cobalt chloride and calcium iodate in a mass ratio of 0.2; each kilogram of the compound vitamin comprises 1500 ten thousand units of vitamin A75g, 250 ten thousand units of vitamin D315g, vitamin E100g, vitamin K39g and vitamin B 1 15g, vitamin B 2 15g, vitamin B 6 30g, vitamin B 12 25g, 150g of vitamin C and 30g of biotin; the preparation method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Crushing the bean pulp by using a sieve sheet of 2.5 mm, adding a complex enzyme preparation into half of the bean pulp according to the mass volume percentage of 0.2%, placing the mixture in a fermentation tank, performing anaerobic fermentation at 28 ℃ for 8 days, drying at 100 ℃ for 10 hours, crushing, and sieving by using a sieve of 80-120 meshes to obtain the fermented bean pulp; the compound enzyme preparation comprises Amylase (Amylase), galactosidase (Galactosidase), xylanase (Pentopan Mono), glucanase (Dextranase), mannanase (mannase) and Protease (Protease) in a mass ratio of 1;
(2) Crushing the corn by using a 2.5 mm sieve sheet, puffing one third of the corn at the high temperature of 130 ℃ for 4 hours, cooling to room temperature, crushing, and sieving by using a 80-120 mesh sieve to obtain the puffed corn;
(3) Weighing unfermented soybean meal raw material, unexpanded corn raw material and fish meal, aging at 90 deg.C for 1h, cooling to room temperature, pulverizing, and sieving with 80-120 mesh sieve to obtain primary aging material;
(4) And (3) fully mixing the fermented soybean meal obtained in the step (1), the puffed corn obtained in the step (2) and the primary cured material obtained in the step (3) with soybean protein concentrate, fat of young livestock, calcium hydrophosphate, calcium carbonate, compound amino acid, compound trace elements and compound vitamins, and granulating at 70-90 ℃ to obtain the special starter feed for laying hen brooding.
2. The use of the special starter feed for laying hen brooding of claim 1 in laying hen brooding.
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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101971924A (en) * 2010-09-06 2011-02-16 济南和美华动物营养品有限公司 Layer brood-time starter feed
CN102318780A (en) * 2011-10-19 2012-01-18 辽宁禾丰牧业股份有限公司 Laying hen brood-time starter compound feed for improving immunity
CN102696929A (en) * 2012-06-27 2012-10-03 郑州禾丰牧业有限公司 Feed for laying hens in brooding period
CN102919600A (en) * 2012-11-09 2013-02-13 河南商都生物技术股份有限公司 Complete feed for laying hens at brood time and preparation method thereof
CN107048063A (en) * 2017-04-21 2017-08-18 唐人神集团股份有限公司 A kind of Laying chicks starter diet and preparation method thereof
CN107889965A (en) * 2017-11-24 2018-04-10 辽宁禾丰牧业股份有限公司 A kind of extreme early Laying chicks curing pellet and preparation method thereof

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101971924A (en) * 2010-09-06 2011-02-16 济南和美华动物营养品有限公司 Layer brood-time starter feed
CN102318780A (en) * 2011-10-19 2012-01-18 辽宁禾丰牧业股份有限公司 Laying hen brood-time starter compound feed for improving immunity
CN102696929A (en) * 2012-06-27 2012-10-03 郑州禾丰牧业有限公司 Feed for laying hens in brooding period
CN102919600A (en) * 2012-11-09 2013-02-13 河南商都生物技术股份有限公司 Complete feed for laying hens at brood time and preparation method thereof
CN107048063A (en) * 2017-04-21 2017-08-18 唐人神集团股份有限公司 A kind of Laying chicks starter diet and preparation method thereof
CN107889965A (en) * 2017-11-24 2018-04-10 辽宁禾丰牧业股份有限公司 A kind of extreme early Laying chicks curing pellet and preparation method thereof

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