CN112332115A - Multi-mode multifunctional communication navigation common-caliber integrated antenna - Google Patents
Multi-mode multifunctional communication navigation common-caliber integrated antenna Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical group [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 30
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N furosemide Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(S(=O)(=O)N)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1NCC1=CC=CO1 ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/28—Combinations of substantially independent non-interacting antenna units or systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/28—Adaptation for use in or on aircraft, missiles, satellites, or balloons
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
- H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of microwave antennas, and discloses a multimode multifunctional communication navigation common-caliber integrated antenna which comprises a cone disc, a metal cavity, a first feed connector and a metal disc, the metal short-circuit antenna comprises a plurality of metal short-circuit columns, a second feed joint, a microstrip antenna and a connecting piece, wherein a disc cone is a communication antenna, the microstrip antenna is a navigation antenna, the disc cone is embedded in a metal cavity and is coaxially arranged with a bottom plate of the metal cavity, the first feed joint penetrates through the center of the bottom plate of the metal cavity to be connected with the center of the lower end of the disc cone, the metal disc is arranged at the upper end of the disc cone and is connected with the bottom plate of the metal cavity through the plurality of metal short-circuit columns, any one of the plurality of metal short-circuit columns is provided with a through hole, the second feed joint is arranged on the bottom plate of the metal cavity and penetrates through the through hole to feed the microstrip antenna, and the microstrip antenna is arranged on the metal disc and is fixedly connected with the. Therefore, the common-caliber integrated design of the communication and navigation antennas can be realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of microwave antennas, in particular to a multimode multifunctional communication navigation common-caliber integrated antenna.
Background
Aircraft are usually equipped with various antennas for measurement and control communication, satellite navigation, and the like. Generally, an aircraft measurement and control communication antenna needs to have an omnidirectional coverage capability of 360 degrees of azimuth plane to adapt to antenna pointing direction change caused by aircraft maneuvering, a satellite navigation antenna is usually installed on the top of an aircraft in a microstrip antenna mode, and needs to have a beam coverage capability of the upper half space for receiving satellite incoming wave signals. Various antennas of each communication system of a common aircraft are of independent structures, and the defects of large occupied space, high cost and poor electromagnetic compatibility exist. The multi-antenna function common-caliber integrated design can reduce the number of antennas, thereby reducing the number of windows on the surface of the aircraft, saving space and reducing cost. For a common-caliber integrated antenna, a common microstrip antenna in a laminated form can realize multiple functions through a pair of antennas, and the integration degree is high. However, the isolation between antennas in different frequency bands is poor, different beam directions required by different functions cannot be flexibly realized, and especially for an aircraft measurement and control communication system requiring omnidirectional beam coverage, a single microstrip antenna is difficult to realize. The measurement and control communication antenna adopting the microstrip form generally needs to synthesize an omnidirectional directional pattern through double antennas, namely, the left side and the right side of the antenna are respectively provided with one microstrip antenna, and the two antennas are simultaneously fed through a power divider to form omnidirectional beam coverage.
For a measurement and control communication antenna, besides a double-microstrip antenna synthesis form, other common antennas capable of forming an omnidirectional directional pattern also have structural forms such as a half-wave oscillator, a monopole and an inverted-F antenna, but the antennas are difficult to be designed conformally, the surface of an aircraft is required to be protruded generally, the aerodynamic performance of the aircraft is affected, and the antenna form of the rod-shaped structure is also difficult to be designed integrally with other communication system antennas.
Therefore, a new integrated integration scheme is urgently needed for the multimode multifunctional antenna with different wave beam directions and different frequency bands of various communication systems of the aircraft.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, provides a multimode multifunctional communication navigation common-caliber integrated antenna, and can solve the problems in the prior art.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows: a multimode multifunctional communication and navigation common-caliber integrated antenna comprises a cone-shaped disc, a metal cavity, a first feed joint, a metal disc, a plurality of metal short-circuit columns, a second feed joint, a microstrip antenna and a connecting piece, wherein the cone-shaped disc is used as a communication antenna, the microstrip antenna is used as a navigation antenna, the cone-shaped disc is embedded in the metal cavity and is coaxially arranged with a bottom plate of the metal cavity, the first feed joint penetrates through the center of the bottom plate of the metal cavity to be connected with the center of the lower end of the cone-shaped disc, the metal disc is arranged at the upper end of the cone-shaped disc and is connected with the bottom plate of the metal cavity through the plurality of metal short-circuit columns, a through hole is formed in any one of the plurality of metal short-circuit columns, the second feed joint is arranged on the bottom plate of the metal cavity and penetrates through the through hole to feed the microstrip antenna, the microstrip antenna is arranged on the metal disc and is fixedly connected with the plurality of metal short-circuit columns through the connecting pieces.
Preferably, the microstrip antenna comprises a GPS L1 radiation patch, a beidou B3 radiation patch, a coupling feed patch, a first microwave dielectric slab, a second microwave dielectric slab, a third microwave dielectric slab, a fourth microwave dielectric slab and a fifth microwave dielectric slab which are arranged from top to bottom, the GPS L1 radiation patch is arranged on the upper surface of the first microwave dielectric slab, the beidou B3 radiation patch is arranged on the upper surface of the third microwave dielectric slab, and the coupling feed patch is arranged on the upper surface of the second microwave dielectric slab.
Preferably, the antenna further comprises a metal layer, a feeder line and a metal probe, wherein the metal layer is arranged on the upper surface of the fourth microwave dielectric plate and the lower surface of the fifth microwave dielectric plate and is in short-circuit connection through metal wrapping edges on the side walls of the fourth microwave dielectric plate and the fifth microwave dielectric plate, the feeder line is arranged on the lower surface of the fourth microwave dielectric plate, the front end of the feeder line is connected with the coupling feed patch through the metal probe, and the tail end of the feeder line is connected with the second feed joint.
Preferably, the metal layer is a gold-plated copper layer.
Preferably, the fifth layer microwave dielectric plate is provided with a hole corresponding to the cylindrical dielectric column at the welding point of the feeder line.
Preferably, the discone cone is an inverted round table with a large upper part and a small lower part.
Preferably, the feeder line is a strip line.
Preferably, the connector is a screw.
Preferably, the diameter of the metal shorting post is greater than 6 mm.
Preferably, the dielectric constant of the second microwave dielectric plate is the same as that of the third microwave dielectric plate, and the difference between the dielectric constant of the first microwave dielectric plate and that of the second microwave dielectric plate is greater than 3.
By the technical scheme, the measurement and control communication antenna and the navigation antenna can be designed in a common-caliber integrated mode, the measurement and control communication antenna is in a cone antenna mode, the navigation antenna is in a micro-strip antenna mode, the navigation antenna is arranged at the top of a metal disc of the cone antenna, the micro-strip antenna at the top is fed through a short-circuit column through hole loaded by the cone antenna, under the condition that the current distribution on the surface of a radiating body of the cone antenna is not influenced, the omnidirectional beam coverage and the normal beam coverage of the integrated antenna are achieved, meanwhile, the port isolation of the two antennas is improved, and the multi-mode multi-functional composite structure is achieved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a multimode multifunctional communication navigation common-caliber integrated antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a side view of a multi-mode multifunctional communication navigation common-caliber integrated antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a microstrip antenna in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a calculation result of reflection coefficients and isolation degrees of different modes of a multi-mode multi-functional communication navigation common-aperture integrated antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5A-5H are gain patterns of the multimode multifunctional communication navigation common-caliber integrated antenna at different central frequency points according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, for purposes of explanation and not limitation, specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced in other embodiments that depart from these specific details.
It should be noted that, in order to avoid obscuring the present invention with unnecessary details, only the device structures and/or processing steps that are closely related to the scheme according to the present invention are shown in the drawings, and other details that are not so relevant to the present invention are omitted.
Fig. 1 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a multimode multifunctional communication navigation common-caliber integrated antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a side view of a multi-mode multi-functional communication navigation common-caliber integrated antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides a multimode multifunctional communication and navigation common-aperture integrated antenna, where the antenna includes a discone cone 1, a metal cavity 2, a first feed connector 3, a metal disc 4, a plurality of metal short-circuit pillars 5, a second feed connector 7, a microstrip antenna 8 and a connecting component 20, the discone cone 1 serves as a communication antenna, the microstrip antenna 8 serves as a navigation antenna, the discone cone 1 is embedded in the metal cavity 2 and is coaxially disposed with a bottom plate of the metal cavity 2, the first feed connector 3 passes through the center of the bottom plate of the metal cavity 2 and is connected with the center of the lower end of the discone cone 1, the metal disc 4 is disposed at the upper end of the discone cone 1 and is connected with the bottom plate of the metal cavity 2 through the plurality of metal short-circuit pillars 5, any one metal short-circuit pillar 5 of the plurality of metal short-circuit pillars 5 is provided with a through hole 6, the second feed connector 7 is arranged on the bottom plate of the metal cavity 2 and penetrates through the through hole 6 to feed the microstrip antenna 8, and the microstrip antenna 8 is arranged on the metal disc 4 and is fixedly connected with the plurality of metal short-circuit columns 5 through the connecting pieces 20.
The height of the metal cavity 2 is larger than the section height of the discoid cone 1 and the microstrip antenna 8, so that the wave-transparent antenna housing can be conveniently embedded and installed in practical application and increased.
By the technical scheme, the measurement and control communication antenna and the navigation antenna can be designed in a common-caliber integrated mode, the measurement and control communication antenna is in a cone antenna mode, the navigation antenna is in a micro-strip antenna mode, the navigation antenna is arranged at the top of a metal disc of the cone antenna (namely, a disc structure at the top of the cone antenna is used as a metal bottom plate and an installation carrier of the micro-strip antenna, and multi-mode and multi-function antenna integrated design with different wave beam directions and different frequency bands is achieved).
In addition, by loading the metal cavity and the short-circuit column, the cross section size of the discone antenna is greatly reduced, the antenna is easy to embed and install in the metal bulkhead of the aircraft, omnidirectional beam coverage can be formed without protruding the surface of the aircraft, and the antenna has the characteristic of low cross section and easy conformality. In addition, the side wall of the metal cavity 2 can effectively reduce the section height of the discone antenna.
The metal cavity 2 may be a circular metal cavity, and a hole adapted to the outer diameter of the first feed connector 3 may be formed in the center of a bottom plate of the metal cavity 2, so that the first feed connector 3 (a probe of the first feed connector) passes through the hole and is screwed with the center of the lower end of the disc cone 1.
For example, the number of the metal short circuit posts 5 may be 4, the periphery of the metal disc 4 is fixedly connected to the bottom plate of the metal cavity 2 through the 4 metal short circuit posts 5, and the metal short circuit posts can fix the cone and the loading plate, and can further reduce the profile height of the antenna.
Fig. 3 is a schematic layered diagram of a microstrip antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, the microstrip antenna 8 includes a GPS L1 radiation patch 9, a beidou B3 radiation patch 10, a coupling feed patch 11, and a first microwave dielectric slab 12, a second microwave dielectric slab 13, a third microwave dielectric slab 14, a fourth microwave dielectric slab 15, and a fifth microwave dielectric slab 16 which are arranged from top to bottom, the GPS L1 radiation patch 9 is arranged on an upper surface of the first microwave dielectric slab 12, the beidou B3 radiation patch 10 is arranged on an upper surface of the third microwave dielectric slab 14, and the coupling feed patch 11 is arranged on an upper surface of the second microwave dielectric slab 13.
Wherein, the fourth microwave dielectric plate 15 and the fifth microwave dielectric plate 16 are feed network layers.
By arranging the GPS L1 radiation patch 9, the Beidou B3 radiation patch 10 and the coupling feed patch 11 and utilizing the coupling feed patch to excite the radiation patches on the upper layer and the lower layer at the same time, three working modes of the Beidou B3, the Beidou B1 and the GPS L1 can be generated, and the single-port three-mode performance of the navigation antenna is realized. Therefore, through the microstrip laminated coupling feed design, the three-mode work of the navigation antenna can be realized by using a single feed port, so that the port number is effectively reduced, and the system complexity is reduced.
For example, the coupling feed patch 11 may be a circular coupling feed patch.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that although the microstrip antenna described above is in the form of multiple layers, the present invention is not so limited. For example, a single layer form of microstrip antenna is also suitable for use with the present invention. In addition, other shapes of radiating patches may be used to further broaden the beamwidth or increase the operating bandwidth.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the antenna further includes a metal layer, a feeder line 17 and a metal probe 18, the metal layer is disposed on the upper surface of the fourth layer microwave dielectric plate 15 and the lower surface of the fifth layer microwave dielectric plate 16, and is short-circuited through metal wrapping edges of the side walls of the fourth layer microwave dielectric plate 15 and the fifth layer microwave dielectric plate 16, the feeder line 17 is disposed on the lower surface of the fourth layer microwave dielectric plate 15, the front end of the feeder line 17 is connected to the coupling feed patch 11 through the metal probe 18, and the tail end of the feeder line 17 is connected to the second feed connector 7 (a probe of the second feed connector).
By arranging the feeder line, the feeding position of the microstrip antenna can be flexibly adjusted, so that a feeding port of the microstrip antenna can feed through the short-circuit column hole, and further, the phenomenon that the hole is formed in the surface of a cone to influence the omnidirectional radiation characteristic of the discone antenna is avoided.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the metal layer is a gold plated copper layer.
That is, a copper layer may be formed by making copper clad on the upper surface of the fourth-layer microwave dielectric board 15 and the lower surface of the fifth-layer microwave dielectric board 16, and then gold plating treatment may be performed on the formed copper layer to obtain a gold-plated copper layer, which is formed as a metal ground of the power feeding line 17.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the fifth layer microwave dielectric plate 16 is provided with a hole corresponding to the cylindrical dielectric post 19 at the welding point of the feeder line 17.
Wherein, the welding point of the feed line 17 connected with the second feed connector is provided with a cylindrical dielectric column 19, and the welding point of the feed line 17 connected with the coupling feed patch is also provided with a cylindrical dielectric column 19.
The flatness of the upper microwave dielectric plate and the lower microwave dielectric plate can be ensured when the microwave dielectric plates are stacked through arranging the holes corresponding to the cylindrical dielectric columns 19.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the discone cone 1 is an inverted circular truncated cone with a large top and a small bottom.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the feed line 17 is a strip line.
The metal ground (metal layer) on the upper layer and the lower layer of the strip line can effectively shield the electromagnetic interference of the feed line to the navigation microstrip antenna radiation patch and the discone antenna radiator, and is convenient for independent adjustment of the antenna feed part and the radiation part during design.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the connection element 20 is a screw.
For example, the number of screws may be three, and may be M2.5 screws. The five-layer microwave board of the microstrip antenna 8 can be fixed with the metal short-circuit column of the discone cone 1 through three circumferential screws.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the diameter of the metal shorting post 5 is greater than 6 mm.
Therefore, a hole matched with the outer diameter of the second feed connector is conveniently formed, and the microstrip antenna at the top is fed under the condition that the radiation performance of the discone antenna is not influenced.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the dielectric constant of the second microwave dielectric slab 13 is the same as the dielectric constant of the third microwave dielectric slab 14, and the difference between the dielectric constant of the first microwave dielectric slab 12 and the dielectric constant of the second microwave dielectric slab 13 is greater than 3.
Therefore, good impedance matching of the navigation microstrip antenna under single-feed-point multi-band operation can be realized.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the diameter of the metal cavity 2 may be 118mm, the upper and lower radii of the discone cone 1 may be 45mm and 12mm, respectively, the height of the section of the discone cone may be 8.5mm, the diameter of the metal disc 4 may be 84mm, the diameter of the four metal short-circuit pillars 5 on the circumference may be 9mm, and the centers of the four short-circuit pillars are arranged on the circumference with the radius of 34 mm.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the first microwave dielectric plate 12 may have a dielectric constant of 10 and a thickness of 1 mm. The GPS L1 radiating patch 9 may have dimensions of 32.4mm by 32.4mm, the corner cut dimensions may be 2.6mm, and the four-side tuning stub dimensions may be 10mm by 2 mm. The dielectric constant of the second microwave dielectric plate 13 and the third microwave dielectric plate 14 may be 6.15, and the thickness may be 1mm and 2mm, respectively. The radius of the coupling feed patch 11 may be 7mm, and the center of the coupling feed patch is 9.5mm away from the center of the dielectric plate. The third radiating patch 10 may have dimensions of 44.6mm by 44.6mm and the corner cut dimension may be 3.6 mm. The length of the feed line 17 may be 24.5 mm.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the above description of dimensions is exemplary only and not intended to limit the invention.
Fig. 4 is a calculation result of reflection coefficients and isolation degrees of different modes of a multi-mode multi-functional communication navigation common-aperture integrated antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 shows the return loss and port isolation of the antenna of the invention under four working modes of beidou B3, beidou B1, GPS L1 and measurement and control communication. The solid lines are calculation results of the retroreflection coefficients of the Beidou B3, the Beidou B1, the GPS L1 and the four measurement and control communication working modes, and the dotted lines are calculation results of the port interval distance.
Fig. 5A-5H are gain patterns of the multimode multifunctional communication navigation common-caliber integrated antenna at different central frequency points according to the embodiment of the present invention.
5A-5H show the gain directional diagrams of the center frequency point under four working modes of Beidou B3, Beidou B1, GPS L1 and measurement and control communication. Fig. 5A is a gain pattern at a central frequency point f1(phi is a 0 ° section) of beidou B3, and fig. 5B is a gain pattern at a central frequency point f1(phi is a 90 ° section) of beidou B3; fig. 5C is a gain pattern at a central frequency point f2(phi is 0 ° section) of beidou B1, and fig. 5D is a gain pattern at a central frequency point f2(phi is 90 ° section) of beidou B1; fig. 5E is a gain pattern at a central frequency point F3(phi is 0 ° section) of GPS L1, and fig. 5F is a gain pattern at a central frequency point F3(phi is 90 ° section) of GPS L1; fig. 5G is a gain pattern of the central frequency point f4(E plane) in the measurement and control communication mode, and fig. 5H is a gain pattern of the central frequency point f4(H plane) in the measurement and control communication mode.
As can be seen from fig. 5, the directional patterns under the beidou B3 central frequency point f1, the beidou B1 central frequency point f2 and the GPS L1 central frequency point f3 cover the upper half space, the gains are all greater than 0dB in the ranges of phi 0 ° and phi 90 ° normal ± 60 ° of the tangent plane, the directional pattern under the measurement and control communication central frequency point f4 satisfies the omnidirectional coverage, the omnidirectional gain of the horizontal tangent plane is greater than-1.5 dB, the out-of-roundness of the directional pattern is superior to 0.5dB, and the directional pattern has good upper half space and horizontal omnidirectional radiation characteristics.
It can be seen from the above embodiments that the multimode multifunctional communication navigation common-caliber integrated antenna provided by the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the design can improve the isolation of ports, reduce interference under the condition of not influencing the surface current distribution of a radiating body of the discone antenna, realize good omnidirectional beam coverage and normal beam coverage of the integrated antenna, and has compact structure and multi-mode and multi-functional combination.
(2) The navigation antenna adopts a laminated microstrip antenna form, utilizes the circular coupling feed patch of the middle layer to simultaneously couple and excite the radiation patches of the upper layer and the lower layer, and realizes the three-mode work of the navigation antenna by using a single feed port, thereby effectively reducing the number of ports and reducing the complexity of the system.
(3) The omnidirectional communication antenna adopts a discone antenna form, the section of the antenna is reduced through the loading cavity and the short-circuit column, the designed antenna radiator is positioned in the metal cavity, is conveniently embedded in the metal bulkhead of the aircraft for installation, can not protrude out of the surface of the aircraft to form omnidirectional beam coverage, and has the characteristic of low section and easy conformity.
In conclusion, the communication navigation common-caliber integrated antenna is realized, the discone antenna and the microstrip antenna are integrated, and the communication navigation common-caliber integrated antenna has the advantage of compact structure. By loading the metal cavity and the short-circuit column, the section size of the discone antenna is greatly reduced, and the section height of the discone antenna is only 0.06 lambda (lambda is the working wavelength corresponding to the central frequency point of the measurement and control communication). The navigation antenna adopts a microstrip laminated coupling feed design, the single port realizes navigation three-mode work, the number of ports is effectively reduced, and the system complexity is reduced. The integrated navigation antenna feed point is arranged at the short-circuit column through hole loaded by the discone antenna, the isolation of two antenna ports can be improved, the isolation is superior to 15dB, meanwhile, good omnidirectional beam coverage of the communication antenna can be realized, and the out-of-roundness of a directional diagram is less than 0.5 dB. In addition, the integrated antenna can be embedded in a metal bulkhead of the aircraft, can not protrude out of the surface of the aircraft to form omnidirectional beam coverage, and is easy to conform to a carrier.
Features that are described and/or illustrated above with respect to one embodiment may be used in the same way or in a similar way in one or more other embodiments and/or in combination with or instead of the features of the other embodiments.
It should be emphasized that the term "comprises/comprising" when used herein, is taken to specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps or components but does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, components or groups thereof.
The many features and advantages of these embodiments are apparent from the detailed specification, and thus, it is intended by the appended claims to cover all such features and advantages of these embodiments which fall within the true spirit and scope thereof. Further, since numerous modifications and changes will readily occur to those skilled in the art, it is not desired to limit the embodiments of the invention to the exact construction and operation illustrated and described, and accordingly, all suitable modifications and equivalents may be resorted to, falling within the scope thereof.
The invention has not been described in detail and is in part known to those of skill in the art.
Claims (10)
1. The multimode multifunctional communication and navigation common-caliber integrated antenna is characterized by comprising a discone cone (1), a metal cavity (2), a first feed joint (3), a metal disc (4), a plurality of metal short-circuit columns (5), a second feed joint (7), a microstrip antenna (8) and a connecting piece (20), wherein the discone cone (1) is used as a communication antenna, the microstrip antenna (8) is used as a navigation antenna, the discone cone (1) is embedded in the metal cavity (2) and is coaxially arranged with a bottom plate of the metal cavity (2), the first feed joint (3) penetrates through the center of the bottom plate of the metal cavity (2) to be connected with the center of the lower end of the discone cone (1), the metal disc (4) is arranged at the upper end of the discone cone (1) and is connected with the bottom plate of the metal cavity (2) through the plurality of metal short-circuit columns (5), a plurality of any one of the metal short circuit posts (5) is provided with a through hole (6), the second feed connector (7) is arranged on the bottom plate of the metal cavity (2) and penetrates through the through hole (6) to feed the microstrip antenna (8), and the microstrip antenna (8) is arranged on the metal disc (4) and passes through the connecting piece (20) and the plurality of metal short circuit posts (5) in fixed connection.
2. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the microstrip antenna (8) comprises a GPS L1 radiation patch (9), a beidou B3 radiation patch (10), a coupling feed patch (11), and a first microwave dielectric slab (12), a second microwave dielectric slab (13), a third microwave dielectric slab (14), a fourth microwave dielectric slab (15), and a fifth microwave dielectric slab (16) arranged from top to bottom, the GPS L1 radiation patch (9) is arranged on the upper surface of the first microwave dielectric slab (12), the beidou B3 radiation patch (10) is arranged on the upper surface of the third microwave dielectric slab (14), and the coupling feed patch (11) is arranged on the upper surface of the second microwave dielectric slab (13).
3. The antenna according to claim 2, further comprising a metal layer, a feeder line (17) and a metal probe (18), wherein the metal layer is arranged on the upper surface of the fourth microwave dielectric plate (15) and the lower surface of the fifth microwave dielectric plate (16) and is in short-circuit connection through metal edges of the side walls of the fourth microwave dielectric plate (15) and the fifth microwave dielectric plate (16), the feeder line (17) is arranged on the lower surface of the fourth microwave dielectric plate (15), the front end of the feeder line (17) is connected with the coupling feed patch (11) through the metal probe (18), and the tail end of the feeder line (17) is connected with the second feed connector (7).
4. The antenna of claim 3, wherein the metal layer is a gold plated copper layer.
5. An antenna according to any of claims 1-4, characterized in that the fifth layer microwave dielectric plate (16) is provided with holes corresponding to the cylindrical dielectric posts (19) at the welding points of the feed line (17).
6. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein the discone cone (1) is an inverted circular truncated cone with a large top and a small bottom.
7. An antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that the feed line (17) is a strip line.
8. An antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that the connection (20) is a screw.
9. An antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that the diameter of the metal shorting post (5) is larger than 6 mm.
10. An antenna according to claim 1, wherein the dielectric constant of the second microwave dielectric slab (13) is the same as the dielectric constant of the third microwave dielectric slab (14), and the difference between the dielectric constant of the first microwave dielectric slab (12) and the dielectric constant of the second microwave dielectric slab (13) is greater than 3.
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| CN114914689A (en) * | 2022-05-12 | 2022-08-16 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | Low-profile common-caliber dual-band circularly polarized microstrip antenna |
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| CN113224520A (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2021-08-06 | 北京机电工程研究所 | Transmit-receive common-aperture wide-angle-domain scanning satellite communication antenna array and aircraft with same |
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| CN116565544B (en) * | 2023-06-26 | 2024-01-26 | 合肥工业大学 | Polarization and wave beam reconfigurable patch array antenna adopting geometric phase preset technology |
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