CN112314139A - Fertilizing method for improving grassland productivity - Google Patents
Fertilizing method for improving grassland productivity Download PDFInfo
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- CN112314139A CN112314139A CN202011205514.2A CN202011205514A CN112314139A CN 112314139 A CN112314139 A CN 112314139A CN 202011205514 A CN202011205514 A CN 202011205514A CN 112314139 A CN112314139 A CN 112314139A
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- grassland
- fertilizer
- grasslands
- fertilizing
- productivity
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of grassland fertilization, and discloses a fertilization method for improving grassland productivity, which comprises the following steps: a: fertilizing the degraded grassland one month before snow melting, and integrally applying organic fertilizer to the grassland in the early stage of the production season of the grassland, wherein the application amount is 100-150 g/m2(ii) a B: topdressing is carried out at the germination and differentiation stage of grass seeds, 80-100kg of nitrogenous fertilizer, 70-80kg of phosphate fertilizer and 75-85kg of potash fertilizer are applied to each mu of grass seeds, and then the grasslands to be fertilized are sealed and cultivated, wherein the sealing and cultivating time is 2-3 months. The method strictly controls the fertilizing time, fertilizer type and fertilizing amount of grass on the grassland, and can control the fertilizing time, fertilizer type and fertilizing amountThe method can promote the grassland pasture to absorb the nutrient components, further improve the productivity of the grassland and the yield of the pasture, and simultaneously enhance the lodging resistance and drought resistance of the pasture, so that the pasture can still normally grow in severe environment, and has certain market popularization value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of grassland fertilization, in particular to a fertilization method for improving grassland productivity.
Background
Grasslands are lands where growing herbs and shrub plants predominate and are suitable for the development of animal husbandry. It has a special ecosystem and is an updatable natural resource. 1/2, the area of the grassland in the world approximately occupies the total area of the land, is the most basic production data and base for developing the grassland animal husbandry, currently, more than 90% of natural grasslands in China are degraded in different degrees, and the 'grass-mowing field is used for mowing grass and grazing the grass field for years' in succession, so that the nutrients of the natural grasslands are continuously taken away from the grassland ecosystem along with the output of grass products and animal products and cannot be effectively returned, and thus, the nutrient circulation of the grassland ecosystem is artificially destroyed, the soil fertility is reduced year by year, and the grasslands are gradually degraded.
But when fertilizing the grassland by the existing method, because the fertilization materials are single, scientific fertilization can not be realized in the true sense, thereby being difficult to ensure the normal growth of the pasture on the grassland and finally reducing the productivity of the grassland. Accordingly, one skilled in the art provides a fertilization method for improving grassy productivity to solve the problems set forth in the background art described above.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to provide a fertilizing method for improving the productivity of grassland, so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a fertilization method for improving grassland productivity, comprising the steps of:
a: fertilizing the degraded grassland one month before snow melting, and integrally applying organic fertilizer to the grassland in the early stage of the production season of the grassland, wherein the application amount is 100-150 g/m2；
B: topdressing is carried out at the germination and differentiation stage of grass seeds, 80-100kg of nitrogenous fertilizer, 70-80kg of phosphate fertilizer and 75-85kg of potash fertilizer are applied to each mu of grass seeds, and then the grasslands to be fertilized are sealed and cultivated, wherein the sealing and cultivating time is 2-3 months;
c: when the middle section of the grass seedling grows, 0.5 percent of monopotassium phosphate is used and mixed with 0.2 to 0.4 percent of insecticide and 0.3 percent of urea mixed fertilizer liquid for uniformly sprinkling irrigation and fertilizing the grassland, and the fertilizer is sprayed for 1 time every 11 to 14 days;
d: and continuously topdressing 100kg of compound fertilizer per mu 10-15 days after the seedling of the grass seeds is completely mature.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the deteriorated grassland is a typical grassland with vegetation coverage rate lower than 30% and productivity level lower than 60 kg/acre.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the mass ratio of potassium, nitrogen, magnesium and phosphorus in the compound fertilizer is 0.8:1.1:0.5: 1.3.
As a still further scheme of the invention: and C, watering the middle section of the grass seedling in the step C once every 5 days, wherein the watering amount reaches 62-68% of the maximum water holding capacity of the grassland.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the preparation method of the organic fertilizer comprises the following steps: weighing 2-6 parts of fast-rotting agent, 80-140 parts of plant ash, 10-20 parts of urea and 500-800 parts of crushed wheat straw according to parts by weight, mixing for later use, pouring the mixture into a fermentation tank for aerobic fermentation for 16-19 days, cleaning out redundant particles and sundries after fermentation is finished, uniformly stirring the residual products, pouring into a granulator, preparing into particles, and drying to obtain the finished product organic fertilizer.
As a still further scheme of the invention: and step A, after organic fertilizer is integrally applied to the grassland in the early stage of the production season of the grassland, applying 50-80 g/mu of farmyard manure.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the farmyard manure is cow dung or sheep dung.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the method strictly controls the fertilizing time, the type of the fertilizer and the fertilizing amount of the grassland pasture, can promote the absorption of the grassland pasture grass on nutrient components, further improves the productivity of the grassland and the yield of the pasture grass, can enhance the lodging resistance and drought resistance of the pasture grass, enables the pasture grass to normally grow in a severe environment, and has certain market popularization value.
Detailed Description
In embodiment 1 of the invention, a fertilizing method for improving grassland productivity comprises the following steps:
a: fertilizing deteriorated grassland one month before snow melting, and applying organic fertilizer to the grassland in the early stage of the production season of the grassland, wherein the application amount is 110g/m2；
B: topdressing is carried out at the germination and differentiation stage of grass seeds, 85kg of nitrogenous fertilizer, 72kg of phosphate fertilizer and 78kg of potash fertilizer are applied to each mu of grass seeds, and then the grasslands to be fertilized are sealed and cultivated, wherein the sealing and cultivating time is 2-3 months;
c: when the middle section of the grass seedling grows, 0.5 percent of monopotassium phosphate is used, 0.25 percent of insecticide is mixed, 0.3 percent of urea mixed fertilizer liquid is uniformly sprayed and irrigated to fertilize the grassland, and the fertilizer is sprayed for 1 time every 12 days;
d: and continuously topdressing 100kg of compound fertilizer per mu 11 days after the seedling of the grass seed is completely mature.
Preferably: deteriorated grassland is a typical grassland with vegetation coverage below 30% and productivity levels below 60 kg/acre.
Preferably: the mass ratio of potassium, nitrogen, magnesium and phosphorus in the compound fertilizer is 0.8:1.1:0.5: 1.3.
Preferably: and C, watering the middle section of the grass seedling in the step C once every 5 days, wherein the watering amount reaches 64 percent of the maximum water holding capacity of the grassland.
Preferably: the preparation method of the organic fertilizer comprises the following steps: weighing 3 parts of fast-rotting agent, 90 parts of plant ash, 12 parts of urea and 600 parts of crushed wheat straw according to the parts by weight, mixing for later use, pouring the mixture into a fermentation tank for aerobic fermentation for 17 days, cleaning out redundant particles and impurities after the fermentation is finished, uniformly stirring the residual product, pouring into a granulator, granulating and drying to obtain the finished product organic fertilizer.
Preferably: step A, after organic fertilizer is applied to the whole grassland in the early stage of the production season of the grassland, 60 g/mu of farmyard manure is applied.
Preferably: the farmyard manure is cow dung or sheep dung.
In embodiment 2 of the invention, a fertilizing method for improving grassland productivity comprises the following steps:
a: fertilizing deteriorated grassland one month before snow melting, and applying organic fertilizer to the whole grassland in the early stage of the production season of the grassland, wherein the application amount is 140g/m2；
B: topdressing is carried out at the germination and differentiation stage of grass seeds, 95kg of nitrogenous fertilizer, 78kg of phosphate fertilizer and 82kg of potash fertilizer are applied to each mu of grass seeds, and then the grasslands to be fertilized are sealed and cultivated, wherein the sealing and cultivating time is 2-3 months;
c: when the middle section of the grass seedling grows, 0.5 percent of monopotassium phosphate is used, 0.35 percent of insecticide is mixed, 0.3 percent of urea mixed fertilizer liquid is uniformly sprayed and irrigated to fertilize the grassland, and the fertilizer is sprayed for 1 time every 13 days;
d: and continuously topdressing 100kg of compound fertilizer per mu 14 days after the seedling of the grass seed is completely mature.
Preferably: deteriorated grassland is a typical grassland with vegetation coverage below 30% and productivity levels below 60 kg/acre.
Preferably: the mass ratio of potassium, nitrogen, magnesium and phosphorus in the compound fertilizer is 0.8:1.1:0.5: 1.3.
Preferably: and C, watering the middle section of the grass seedling in the step C once every 5 days, wherein the watering amount reaches 67 percent of the maximum water holding capacity of the grassland.
Preferably: the preparation method of the organic fertilizer comprises the following steps: weighing 5 parts of fast-decomposing agent, 130 parts of plant ash, 18 parts of urea and 700 parts of crushed wheat straw according to the parts by weight, mixing for later use, pouring the mixture into a fermentation tank for aerobic fermentation for 18 days, cleaning out redundant particles and impurities after the fermentation is finished, uniformly stirring the residual product, pouring the mixture into a granulator to prepare particles, and drying to obtain the finished product organic fertilizer.
Preferably: step A, after organic fertilizer is applied to the whole grassland in the early stage of the production season of the grassland, 70 g/mu of farmyard manure is applied.
Preferably: the farmyard manure is cow dung or sheep dung.
The method strictly controls the fertilizing time, the type of the fertilizer and the fertilizing amount of the grassland pasture, can promote the absorption of the grassland pasture grass on nutrient components, further improves the productivity of the grassland and the yield of the pasture grass, can enhance the lodging resistance and drought resistance of the pasture grass, enables the pasture grass to normally grow in a severe environment, and has certain market popularization value.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention are equivalent to or changed within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A fertilization method for improving grassland productivity, comprising the steps of:
a: fertilizing the degraded grassland one month before snow melting, and integrally applying organic fertilizer to the grassland in the early stage of the production season of the grassland, wherein the application amount is 100-150 g/m2；
B: topdressing is carried out at the germination and differentiation stage of grass seeds, 80-100kg of nitrogenous fertilizer, 70-80kg of phosphate fertilizer and 75-85kg of potash fertilizer are applied to each mu of grass seeds, and then the grasslands to be fertilized are sealed and cultivated, wherein the sealing and cultivating time is 2-3 months;
c: when the middle section of the grass seedling grows, 0.5 percent of monopotassium phosphate is used and mixed with 0.2 to 0.4 percent of insecticide and 0.3 percent of urea mixed fertilizer liquid for uniformly sprinkling irrigation and fertilizing the grassland, and the fertilizer is sprayed for 1 time every 11 to 14 days;
d: and continuously topdressing 100kg of compound fertilizer per mu 10-15 days after the seedling of the grass seeds is completely mature.
2. The fertilizing method for increasing the productivity of grasslands as claimed in claim 1, wherein the deteriorated grasslands are typical grasslands with a vegetation coverage of less than 30% and a productivity level of less than 60 kg/acre.
3. The fertilizing method for improving the productivity of grasslands as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of potassium, nitrogen, magnesium and phosphorus in the compound fertilizer is 0.8:1.1:0.5: 1.3.
4. The fertilizing method for improving the productivity of grasslands as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step C, watering should be carried out once every 5 days during the period of growth of the seedlings of grasslands, and the watering amount is 62-68% of the maximum water holding capacity of the grasslands.
5. The fertilization method for improving grassland productivity according to claim 1, wherein the organic fertilizer is prepared by the following steps: weighing 2-6 parts of fast-rotting agent, 80-140 parts of plant ash, 10-20 parts of urea and 500-800 parts of crushed wheat straw according to parts by weight, mixing for later use, pouring the mixture into a fermentation tank for aerobic fermentation for 16-19 days, cleaning out redundant particles and sundries after fermentation is finished, uniformly stirring the residual products, pouring into a granulator, preparing into particles, and drying to obtain the finished product organic fertilizer.
6. The fertilizing method for improving the productivity of grasslands as claimed in claim 1, wherein after applying organic fertilizer to the whole grasslands in the early stage of the production season of grasslands, 50-80 g/mu of farmyard manure should be applied.
7. The fertilization method of claim 6, wherein the farmyard manure is cow dung or sheep dung.
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| CN202011205514.2A CN112314139A (en) | 2020-11-02 | 2020-11-02 | Fertilizing method for improving grassland productivity |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112930820A (en) * | 2021-02-18 | 2021-06-11 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Fertilizing method for improving yield and quality of gramineous forage grass |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112930820A (en) * | 2021-02-18 | 2021-06-11 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Fertilizing method for improving yield and quality of gramineous forage grass |
| CN112930820B (en) * | 2021-02-18 | 2022-05-06 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Fertilizing method for improving yield and quality of gramineous forage grass |
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Application publication date: 20210205 |