CN112302626A - Seabed natural gas hydrate exploitation monitoring system - Google Patents
Seabed natural gas hydrate exploitation monitoring system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112302626A CN112302626A CN202011187500.2A CN202011187500A CN112302626A CN 112302626 A CN112302626 A CN 112302626A CN 202011187500 A CN202011187500 A CN 202011187500A CN 112302626 A CN112302626 A CN 112302626A
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 170
- NMJORVOYSJLJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane clathrate Chemical compound C.C.C.C.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O NMJORVOYSJLJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- -1 Natural gas hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 3
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical class C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003027 oil sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
- E21B49/001—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells specially adapted for underwater installations
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
- E21B49/08—Obtaining fluid samples or testing fluids, in boreholes or wells
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
- E21B49/08—Obtaining fluid samples or testing fluids, in boreholes or wells
- E21B49/087—Well testing, e.g. testing for reservoir productivity or formation parameters
- E21B49/088—Well testing, e.g. testing for reservoir productivity or formation parameters combined with sampling
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Testing Or Calibration Of Command Recording Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a submarine natural gas hydrate exploitation monitoring system, which comprises an atmosphere monitoring unit, a seawater monitoring unit, a seabed monitoring unit and a submarine reservoir monitoring unit which are arranged on an ocean platform assembly, namely, the atmosphere-seawater-seabed-reservoir four-in-one environment monitoring system, and realizes real-time, diversified and whole-process monitoring on possible methane leakage in the natural gas hydrate exploitation process, release of offshore low-temperature anoxic low-salt water caused by decomposition of natural gas hydrate, seabed deformation, reservoir stability and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of submarine natural gas hydrate development, and particularly relates to a submarine natural gas hydrate exploitation monitoring system.
Background
The natural gas hydrate is an ice-like solid compound with a cage-like structure formed by combining hydrocarbon gases with low molecular mass such as methane, ethane, propane and the like with water under the conditions of low temperature and high pressure, can be directly combusted, and is commonly called as 'combustible ice'.
Natural gas hydrates are widely distributed in sea areas with the water depth of 300-3000 m in the nature, a small part of the natural gas hydrates are located in permafrost zones, the methane hydrates are mainly 90%, and the reserves are huge. According to the estimation, the natural gas contained in the global natural gas hydrate is about 3 x 1016m3~3×1017m3Its heat equivalent is 2 times of the sum of all fossil fuels, including coal, oil and natural gas, which have been proven so far, and is available for human use for about 1000 years. Compared with the conventional oil gas resources, the natural gas hydrate has less pollution generated by combustion, is a real clean energy, and is expected to become one of the ideal alternative energy sources with the largest reserve after shale gas, dense gas, coal bed gas and oil sand in the 21 st century.
Although the research work of the natural gas hydrate is emphasized by many countries in the world, the problems of difficult mining technology, high development cost, large environmental hidden danger and the like become bottlenecks which restrict the mining of the seabed natural gas hydrate, particularly the environmental safety problem caused by the mining. The exploitation of the natural gas hydrate changes the temperature and pressure conditions under which the natural gas hydrate is subjected to, and causes the natural gas hydrate to be decomposed. If the control of the temperature and pressure conditions cannot be effectively realized in the exploitation process of the natural gas hydrate, a series of environmental safety problems can be caused, such as the intensification of the greenhouse effect, the change of marine ecology, seabed slump and the like.
Aiming at the possible environmental risks in the sea area natural gas hydrate exploitation process, the sea area natural gas hydrate exploitation process needs to be comprehensively monitored. However, although certain monitoring equipment is arranged in each of the 4 sea hydrate trial-production projects carried out in the sea area of the Nankai sea chest in Japan and the Nanhai God fox in China at present, the four environmental safety problems of the submarine natural gas hydrate development are not comprehensively monitored, and a set of complete submarine natural gas hydrate development environment monitoring system is not formed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the submarine natural gas hydrate development environment monitoring in the prior art, the invention provides a complete submarine natural gas hydrate exploitation monitoring system, namely an atmosphere-seawater-seabed-reservoir 'four-in-one' environment monitoring system.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a monitoring system for seabed natural gas hydrate exploitation comprises an atmosphere monitoring unit, a seawater monitoring unit, a seabed monitoring unit and a seabed reservoir monitoring unit which are arranged on an ocean platform assembly, wherein the atmosphere monitoring unit comprises a methane sensor assembly and an atmosphere monitoring data acquisition assembly, and is used for monitoring the concentration of methane in the atmosphere above the sea surface near an ocean platform; the seawater monitoring unit comprises a seawater methane in-situ sensor assembly and a seawater monitoring control assembly, and is used for monitoring the concentration of methane in seawater; the seabed monitoring unit comprises a seabed monitoring control assembly and is used for monitoring seabed deformation; the subsea reservoir monitoring unit includes a drilling assembly and a subsea reservoir monitoring control assembly, the subsea reservoir monitoring unit for monitoring temperature, pressure and deformation in the reservoir.
Further, in the atmosphere monitoring unit, the methane sensor assembly is installed on the ocean platform assembly 11 through an installation support assembly, and the methane sensor assembly is connected with the atmosphere monitoring data acquisition assembly arranged in the ocean platform assembly 11 through a first cable assembly.
Furthermore, the seawater methane in-situ sensor assembly in the seawater monitoring unit is connected with the seawater monitoring and controlling assembly through the second cable assembly, and the seawater monitoring and controlling assembly is arranged on the ocean platform assembly.
Furthermore, the seabed monitoring control assembly comprises an acoustic deep-dragging control part, a side-scan sonar control part, a pressure monitoring control part and a three-component acceleration monitoring control part, and is arranged on the ocean platform assembly.
Further, the acoustic deep-dragging system assembly is connected with the acoustic deep-dragging control component through a third cable assembly, and is used for monitoring submarine topography and landform; the side-scan sonar system component is connected with the side-scan sonar control component through a fourth cable component and is used for monitoring submarine landforms; the pressure sensor assembly is connected with the pressure monitoring control component through a fifth cable assembly and is used for monitoring the seawater pressure on the seabed; the three-component acceleration sensor assembly is connected with the three-component acceleration monitoring control component through a sixth cable assembly and is used for monitoring seabed settlement.
Further, the submarine reservoir monitoring and controlling assembly comprises a pressure monitoring and controlling component, a temperature monitoring and controlling component, a flow potential monitoring and controlling component and a sampling and controlling component, and is arranged on the ocean platform assembly.
Further, the pressure sensor assembly is connected with the pressure monitoring control component through a seventh cable assembly; the temperature sensor assembly is connected with the temperature monitoring control component through an eighth cable assembly; the flowing potential assembly is connected with the flowing potential monitoring control component through a ninth cable assembly; the sampling assembly is connected with the sampling control part through the stainless steel pipe assembly.
Further, the ocean platform assembly is an ocean ship or an ocean drilling platform.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
the monitoring system provided by the invention is used as a complete monitoring system, and various available monitoring technologies and means are considered by the monitoring system so as to be suitable for exploitation and monitoring of the seabed natural gas hydrate under various environmental, geological and economic conditions;
the monitoring system provided by the invention has a clear structure and comprehensive functions, can realize the all-round monitoring of the exploitation of the seabed natural gas hydrate, provides guarantee for reducing the environmental risk of the exploitation of the seabed natural gas hydrate so as to realize safe exploitation, and has good application prospect and commercial value.
The monitoring system provided by the invention considers various monitoring technologies and means which can be used for the exploitation monitoring of the seabed natural gas hydrate, so that the monitoring system is suitable for the exploitation of the seabed natural gas hydrate under various environmental, geological and economic conditions.
The monitoring system provided by the invention can properly select some technical combinations according to the actual conditions of specific projects to form an optimal monitoring technical scheme of a specific project.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a submarine natural gas hydrate exploitation monitoring system
In the drawings: 11-ocean platform assembly.
21-a methane sensor assembly; 22-mounting a bracket assembly; 23 — a first cable assembly; and 24, an atmosphere monitoring data acquisition component.
31-seawater methane in situ sensor assembly; 32-a second cable assembly; 33-seawater monitoring and controlling component.
41-seabed monitoring control assembly, 411-acoustic deep towing system assembly; 412 — a third cable assembly; 413-acoustic deep tow control unit; 421-side scan sonar system component; 422-a fourth cable assembly; 423-side scan sonar control means; 431 — a pressure sensor assembly; 432 — a fifth cable assembly; 433 — a pressure monitoring control part; 441-a three-component acceleration sensor assembly; 442-a sixth cable assembly; 443-three component acceleration monitoring control component.
51-a drilling assembly; 52-subsea reservoir monitoring control assembly; 511 — a pressure sensor assembly; 512-a seventh cable assembly; 513 — temperature monitoring control component; 521-a temperature sensor assembly; 522 — an eighth cable assembly; 523-pressure monitoring control component; 531-streaming potential assembly; 532 — a ninth cable assembly; 533-sample control means; 541-a sampling assembly; 542-stainless steel tube assembly; 543-flow potential monitoring control part.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description.
A monitoring system for exploiting seabed natural gas hydrates comprises an ocean platform assembly 11, an atmosphere monitoring unit, a seawater monitoring unit, a seabed monitoring unit and a seabed reservoir monitoring unit.
A methane sensor assembly 21 in the atmosphere monitoring unit is mounted on the ocean platform assembly 11 through a mounting bracket assembly 22, and is connected with an atmosphere monitoring data acquisition assembly 24 arranged in the ocean platform assembly 11 through a first cable assembly 23, and is used for monitoring the concentration of methane in the atmosphere above the sea surface near the ocean platform;
a seawater methane in-situ sensor assembly 31 in the seawater monitoring unit is connected with a seawater monitoring control assembly 33 through a second cable assembly 32 and is used for monitoring the concentration of methane in seawater;
an acoustic deep-towed system component 411 in the seabed monitoring unit is connected with an acoustic deep-towed control component 413 in the seabed monitoring control component 41 through a third cable component 412, a side-scan sonar system component 421 is connected with a side-scan sonar control component 423 in the seabed monitoring control component 41 through a fourth cable component 422, a pressure sensor component 431 is connected with a pressure monitoring control component 433 in the seabed monitoring control component 41 through a fifth cable component 432, and a three-component acceleration sensor component 441 is connected with a three-component acceleration monitoring control component 443 in the seabed monitoring control component 41 through a sixth cable component 442 for monitoring seabed deformation and monitoring temperature, pressure and deformation in the reservoir;
the subsea reservoir monitoring unit comprises a drilling assembly 51 and a subsea reservoir monitoring control assembly 52 for monitoring temperature, pressure and deformation in the reservoir.
Preferably, a pressure sensor assembly 511, a temperature sensor assembly 521, a flowing potential assembly 531 and a sampling assembly 541 are arranged in the drilling assembly 51, the subsea reservoir monitoring and control assembly 52 is arranged on the ocean platform assembly 11, wherein the pressure sensor assembly 511 is connected with a pressure monitoring and control component 523 in the subsea reservoir monitoring and control assembly 52 through a seventh cable assembly 512, the temperature sensor assembly 521 is connected with a temperature monitoring and control component 513 in the subsea reservoir monitoring and control assembly 52 through an eighth cable assembly 522, and the flowing potential assembly 531 is connected with a flowing potential monitoring and control component 543 in the subsea reservoir monitoring and control assembly 52 through a ninth cable assembly 532; the sampling assembly 541 connects the sampling control components with the sampling assembly 541 through the drilling assembly 51 and the stainless steel tubing assembly 542 and the subsea reservoir monitoring control assembly 52 through the stainless steel tubing assembly 542.
The method for exploiting and monitoring the seabed natural gas hydrate by using the invention comprises the following steps:
1. all units, assemblies and components of the invention are connected according to the connection relationship, and a complete submarine natural gas hydrate development monitoring system is integrated.
2. According to the monitoring frequency set by the monitoring scheme of the actual project, the monitoring units are utilized to carry out corresponding monitoring respectively.
In a word, the invention overcomes the defects of the existing submarine natural gas hydrate development environment monitoring, provides a complete submarine natural gas hydrate exploitation monitoring system as a complete monitoring system, and the monitoring system considers various available monitoring technologies and means so as to be suitable for the exploitation monitoring of the submarine natural gas hydrate under various environmental, geological and economic conditions. The system has a clear structure and comprehensive functions, can realize the all-round monitoring of the exploitation of the seabed natural gas hydrate, provides guarantee for reducing the environmental risk of the exploitation of the seabed natural gas hydrate and realizing safe exploitation, and has good application prospect and commercial value.
By applying the monitoring system, for the exploitation of the sea natural gas hydrate under different environmental, geological and economic conditions, some technical combinations can be properly selected to form an optimal monitoring technical scheme of a specific project. The monitoring scheme needs to realize real-time, diversified and whole-process monitoring on possible methane leakage in the natural gas hydrate exploitation process, release of offshore low-temperature anoxic low-salt water caused by natural gas hydrate decomposition, seabed deformation, reservoir stability and the like.
Claims (8)
1. The monitoring system for the exploitation of the seabed natural gas hydrate is characterized by comprising an atmosphere monitoring unit, a seawater monitoring unit, a seabed monitoring unit and a seabed reservoir monitoring unit which are arranged on an ocean platform assembly (11), wherein the atmosphere monitoring unit comprises a methane sensor assembly (21) and an atmosphere monitoring data acquisition assembly (24), and is used for monitoring the concentration of methane in the atmosphere above the sea surface near the ocean platform; the seawater monitoring unit comprises a seawater methane in-situ sensor assembly (31) and a seawater monitoring control assembly (33), and is used for monitoring the concentration of methane in seawater; the seabed monitoring unit comprises a seabed monitoring control component (41) and is used for monitoring seabed deformation; the subsea reservoir monitoring unit comprises a drilling assembly (51) and a subsea reservoir monitoring control assembly (52) for monitoring temperature, pressure and deformation in the reservoir.
2. A monitoring system for seafloor natural gas hydrate production in accordance with claim 1, wherein the methane sensor assembly (21) in the atmospheric monitoring unit is mounted on the ocean platform assembly (11) by a mounting bracket assembly (22), and the methane sensor assembly (21) is connected to an atmospheric monitoring data acquisition assembly (24) arranged in the ocean platform assembly (11) by a first cable assembly (23).
3. A monitoring system for seafloor natural gas hydrate production as claimed in claim 1, wherein the seawater methane in situ sensor assembly (31) in the seawater monitoring unit is connected to the seawater monitoring and control assembly (33) through the second cable assembly (32), and the seawater monitoring and control assembly (33) is arranged on the ocean platform assembly (11).
4. The monitoring system for subsea natural gas hydrate production according to claim 1, wherein the seabed monitoring and control module (41) comprises an acoustic deep-towed control component (413), a side-scan sonar control component (423), a pressure monitoring and control component (433) and a three-component acceleration monitoring and control component (443), the seabed monitoring and control module (41) being disposed on the ocean platform assembly (11).
5. A subsea natural gas hydrate production monitoring system according to claim 4, characterised in that the acoustic deep tow system assembly (411) is connected to the acoustic deep tow control unit (413) via a third cable assembly (412), the acoustic deep tow system assembly being adapted to monitor subsea topography; the side-scan sonar system component (421) is connected with the side-scan sonar control component (423) through a fourth cable component (422), and the side-scan sonar system component is used for monitoring submarine landforms; the pressure sensor assembly (431) is connected with a pressure monitoring control component (433) through a fifth cable assembly (432), and is used for monitoring the pressure of the seawater on the seabed; the three-component acceleration sensor assembly (441) is connected to a three-component acceleration monitoring control component (443) via a sixth cable assembly (442), the three-component acceleration sensor assembly being used to monitor seabed settlement.
6. The monitoring system for subsea natural gas hydrate production according to claim 1, wherein the subsea reservoir monitoring and control assembly (52) comprises a pressure monitoring and control component (523), a temperature monitoring and control component (513), a flow potential monitoring and control component (543), and a sampling and control component (533), and the subsea reservoir monitoring and control assembly (52) is disposed on the ocean platform assembly (11).
7. The monitoring system for subsea natural gas hydrate production according to claim 6, wherein said pressure sensor assembly (511) is connected to a pressure monitoring control unit (523) via a seventh cable assembly (512); the temperature sensor assembly (521) is connected with the temperature monitoring control component (513) through an eighth cable assembly (522); the flowing potential assembly (531) is connected with a flowing potential monitoring control part (543) through a ninth cable assembly (532); the sampling assembly (541) is connected with the sampling control component (533) through a stainless steel pipe assembly (542).
8. A subsea natural gas hydrate production monitoring system according to claim 1, where the offshore platform assembly (11) is a marine vessel or a marine drilling platform.
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CN202011187500.2A CN112302626A (en) | 2020-10-29 | 2020-10-29 | Seabed natural gas hydrate exploitation monitoring system |
PCT/CN2021/114230 WO2022088879A1 (en) | 2020-10-29 | 2021-08-24 | Seabed natural gas hydrate exploitation monitoring system |
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CN202011187500.2A CN112302626A (en) | 2020-10-29 | 2020-10-29 | Seabed natural gas hydrate exploitation monitoring system |
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WO2022088879A1 (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2022-05-05 | 中国华能集团有限公司 | Seabed natural gas hydrate exploitation monitoring system |
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WO2022088879A1 (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2022-05-05 | 中国华能集团有限公司 | Seabed natural gas hydrate exploitation monitoring system |
CN117189040A (en) * | 2023-09-27 | 2023-12-08 | 西南石油大学 | Intelligent regulation and control and risk monitoring system for multi-air-source multi-method combined mining process |
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