CN112293741A - 一种植物提取物及其应用 - Google Patents
一种植物提取物及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
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- A23K50/75—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds for poultry
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种植物提取物及其应用,按质量百分比计包括:鱼腥草32%、蒲公英16%、金银花6%、黄芪15%、姜黄11%、马齿笕20%,应用于鸡饲料,在基础鸡饲料中以每kg添加200—1200mg的方式添加植物提取物。本发明制得的添加剂加入到家禽饲料中,能有效提高蛋品的品质,替代了大量激素使用,本发明制得的添加剂加入到家禽饲料中,能有效提高鸡肉的品质,增强家禽的免疫力。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于家禽动物饲养的技术领域,更具体地说,是涉及一种植物提取物及其应用。
背景技术
随着家禽动物饲养技术的越来越成熟,专用的家禽动物饲料也是五花八门。动物饲料相比传统家禽动物食物,更加卫生健康,营养均衡。为了达到某些特定的需求,也会在家禽动物饲料中添加不同的动物饲料添加剂,饲料添加剂是指在饲料生产加工、使用过程中添加的少量或微量物质,在饲料中用量很少但作用显著。饲料添加剂是现代饲料工业必然使用的原料,对强化基础饲料营养价值,提高家禽生产性能,保证家禽健康,节省饲料成本,改善家禽及鸡蛋产品品质等方面有明显的效果。目前市场上的家禽动物饲料能满足饲养家禽的营养需求,但是对家禽的防疫能力增强,抑制有害菌繁殖增长方面,建树不多。为了防治动物疾病,给饲料中添加大量的激素,会导致蛋品或肉品质量的下降。
本行业技术研发领域,急需一种不含大量激素,以草本为主体的方式制得的增强动物免疫力的添加剂。
发明目的
本发明针对上述现有技术的不足,改善禽类蛋品质量和肉品质量,并且为了防治疫病大量使用激素的现状,通过草本粉末混合组合,总结出一种植物提取物及其应用,能有效提高禽类的免疫力,提高禽类蛋品的质量。
发明内容
为实现上述发明目的,本发明所述一种植物提取物,按质量百分比计包括:鱼腥草32%、蒲公英16%、金银花6%、黄芪15%、姜黄11%、马齿笕20%,所述鱼腥草、蒲公英、金银花、黄芪、姜黄、马齿笕均为植物干品粉末,所述植物提取物为各种植物干品粉末的混合物。
一种植物提取物的应用,所述一种植物提取物应用于鸡饲料,在基础鸡饲料中以每kg添加200—1200mg的方式添加植物提取物。
进一步地,本发明提供了一种优选的方式,在基础鸡饲料中以每kg添加400mg的方式添加植物提取物。
更进一步地,本发明还提供了另一种优选方式,在基础鸡饲料中以每kg添加800mg的方式添加植物提取物。
本发明中所述植物干品粉末由鱼腥草、蒲公英、金银花、黄芪、姜黄、马齿笕经破壁粉碎工艺加工得到的粉状物,破壁率90%以上,颗粒>180目。
有益效果:与现有技术对比,本发明的有益效果是:
1.本发明制得的添加剂加入到家禽饲料中,能有效提高蛋品的品质,替代了大量激素使用。
2.本发明制得的添加剂加入到家禽饲料中,能有效提高鸡肉的品质,增强家禽的免疫力。
3.本发明的添加剂可在家禽生成全周期进行使用,无药残留,无耐药性,安全可靠。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明的实施例,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,下面我们所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例,基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
一种植物提取物,所述植物提取物按质量百分比计包括:鱼腥草32%、蒲公英16%、金银花6%、黄芪15%、姜黄11%、马齿笕20%,所述鱼腥草、蒲公英、金银花、黄芪、姜黄、马齿笕均为植物干品粉末,所述植物提取物为各种植物干品粉末的混合物。
所述一种植物提取物应用于鸡饲料,在基础鸡饲料中以每kg添加200—1200mg的方式添加植物提取物。
在基础鸡饲料中以每kg添加400mg的方式添加植物提取物。
在基础鸡饲料中以每kg添加800mg的方式添加植物提取物。
1、证明试验
1.1试验动物
选用矮小蛋鸡品系。
1.2试验设计与饲养管理
选取体重相近的健康产蛋母鸡495只,随机分为5组,每组3个重复,每个重复33只鸡(耗料试验为每组9个重复,每个重复11只鸡)。对照组饲喂基础日粮(记为1组),4个处理组分别在基础日粮中添加200、400、800和1200mg/kg植物提取物(分别记为2组、3组、4组、5组),在产蛋后期270日龄开始试验,饲喂8周(3月4日-4月29日)。整个试验期间三层阶梯式个体笼养,自由饮水,常规光照(16h:8h)和免疫程序。
1组 | 2组 | 3组 | 4组 | 5组 | |
添加量(mg/kg) | 0 | 200 | 400 | 800 | 1200 |
试验前体重(g) | 1504.3±191.0 | 1518.0±189.4 | 1522.9±213.6 | 1475.4±195.9 | 1495.3±198.3 |
试验前产蛋率(%) | 84.2 | 84.2 | 83.4 | 84.8 | 84.7 |
1.3样品采集与测定
试验期间记录各组每天产蛋数,破损、死淘等情况;每周全群测蛋重;每2周测全群鸡蛋指标(沙壳与暗斑等)、抽测常规蛋品质(>30个/组),包括蛋壳颜色、光泽度、蛋壳强度、蛋重、蛋黄重、蛋白高度、哈氏单位、蛋壳厚度等;4周和8周结束时每组每重复各随机取2只,采血检测血清氧化应激指标(总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物(GSH-PX)、还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)和氧化型谷胱甘肽(GSSG)含量)、免疫学指标(血清免疫球蛋白IgG、IgM、IgA、补体3(C3)及补体4(C4)含量、8周检测吞噬细胞吞噬能力),常规屠宰,称宰前重、全净膛重、半净膛重、腹脂重等,屠宰后取胸腺、脾脏、法氏囊检测免疫器官指数以及取肝脏检测肝脏组织氧化应激指标。
采血:2只×3重复×5组,每只鸡采血3毫升,分装至1.5毫升离心管各2管,离心取上清即血清,-20度保存。(测血清氧化应激指标、免疫学指标)
采样:2只×3重复×5组,屠宰后取部分肝脏组织,剪成小块后装入1.5毫升离心管(测氧化应激指标)。取空肠、回肠、盲肠,内容物装入5毫升离心管,另取部分肝脏组织装入1.5毫升离心管(待测TOR样受体信号通路相关基因表达),-80度保存。
屠宰:5只×3重复×5组,常规屠宰,测屠宰率、半净膛率、全净膛率、胸肌率、腿肌率、肝率、腹脂率、脂肪肝程度。取胸腺、脾脏、法氏囊,称重,测免疫器官指数。
吞噬细胞吞噬能力:2只×3重复×5组,称体重,翅内静脉注入1∶3稀释的印度墨汁0.2ml,并立即计时,注入墨汁后2min、10min分别从心脏采血0.2ml,加入20ml0.1%Na2CO3溶液中摇匀,用酶标仪在波长600nm处测定吸光值OD,以Na2CO3溶液作空白对照,将鸡宰杀,取肝脏、脾脏称重,计算吞噬指数。
吞噬指数:a=体重÷(肝重+脾重)×K1/3。说明:a为吞噬指数;K为碳廓清率,K=(lgOD1-lgOD2)/t2-t1;OD1、OD2分别为2min、10min时取血制得的待测液的吸光值;t1、t2为注射印度墨汁后的采血时间。
2结果与分析
2.1蛋品质
2.1.1 2周的蛋品质
结果见表1,光泽度2、3、5组显著大于1组;蛋壳厚度4、5组显著大于1、2、3组;蛋黄颜色2组显著大于1组。
表1 2周的蛋品质
2.1.2 4周的蛋品质
结果见表2,蛋壳颜色5组显著大于4组,蛋壳厚度5组显著小于其他组,蛋壳重1组显著低于2、3、4组,蛋黄颜色1组显著小于2组。
表2 4周的蛋品质
2.1.3 6周的蛋品质
结果见表3,光泽度2、3、4、5组显著大于1组,5组显著大于其他组。
表3 6周的蛋品质
2.1.4 8周蛋品质
结果见表4,蛋壳颜色3组显著大于1组;光泽度4、5组显著小于1、2、3组;蛋壳厚度3、4、5组显著小于1组,5组显著小于1、2组;蛋黄比率4、5组显著大于1、2组;哈氏单位4组显著小于1、2、3组。
表4 8周的蛋品质
2.2氧化应激指标
2.2.1肝脏氧化应激指标
结果见表5,T-AOC、GSH-PX各组均与1组无显著差异。
表5 8周的肝脏氧化应激指标
2.2.2 4周血清氧化应激指标
结果见表6,T-AOC 3、4、5组显著大于1组;SOD 3、4、5组显著大于1组;CAT 5组显著大于1、2组;GSH-PX4、5组显著大于1、2组;GSH 3组显著大于1组。
表6 4周的血清氧化应激指标
2.2.3 8周血清氧化应激指标
结果见表7,T-AOC 3、4、5组显著大于1、2组;SOD 3、4、5组显著大于1组;MDA 5组显著小于1、2组;CAT 4、5组显著大于1组;GSH-PX 4、5组显著大于1组。
表7 8周的血清氧化应激指标
2.5免疫学指标
2.5.1 4周血清免疫学指标
结果见表8,IgA 5组显著大于1组;IgG 2、3组显著大于1组,4、5组显著大于1、2组;IgM 3、4、5组显著大于1组,5组显著大于1、2组;C3、C4都是3、4、5组显著大于1组。
表8 4周血清免疫学指标
2.5.2 8周血清免疫学指标
结果见表9,IgG 3、4、5组显著大于1、2组;IgM 3、4、5组显著大于1组,5组显著大于1、2组;C34、5组显著大于1、2组;C43、4、5组显著大于1组。
表9 8周血清免疫学指标
以上对本发明实施例所提供的一种植物提取物及其应用进行了详细介绍,本文中应用了具体个例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述,以上实施例的说明只是用于本发明主体合成思路及路线;同时,对于本领域在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处,综上所述,本说明书内容不应理解为对本发明的限制,是对本发明一种解释与说明。
Claims (4)
1.一种植物提取物,其特征在于:所述植物提取物按质量百分比计包括:鱼腥草32%、蒲公英16%、金银花6%、黄芪15%、姜黄11%、马齿笕20%,所述鱼腥草、蒲公英、金银花、黄芪、姜黄、马齿笕均为植物干品粉末,所述植物提取物为各种植物干品粉末的混合物。
2.一种植物提取物的应用,其特征在于:所述一种植物提取物应用于鸡饲料,在基础鸡饲料中以每kg添加200—1200mg的方式添加植物提取物。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种植物提取物的应用,其特征在于:在基础鸡饲料中以每kg添加400mg的方式添加植物提取物。
4.根据权利要求2所述的一种植物提取物的应用,其特征在于:在基础鸡饲料中以每kg添加800mg的方式添加植物提取物。
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