CN112285575A - Direct-current voltage under-voltage detection circuit of storage battery - Google Patents
Direct-current voltage under-voltage detection circuit of storage battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN112285575A CN112285575A CN202011105756.4A CN202011105756A CN112285575A CN 112285575 A CN112285575 A CN 112285575A CN 202011105756 A CN202011105756 A CN 202011105756A CN 112285575 A CN112285575 A CN 112285575A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
- G01R31/3835—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC involving only voltage measurements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/165—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
- G01R19/16533—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application
- G01R19/16538—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application in AC or DC supplies
- G01R19/16542—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application in AC or DC supplies for batteries
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Abstract
The invention provides a storage battery direct-current voltage undervoltage detection circuit which comprises a voltage threshold value design circuit, a threshold value judgment circuit, a first signal on-off circuit and an optical coupling isolation circuit, wherein the voltage threshold value design circuit is used for judging the voltage threshold value of a storage battery; the voltage threshold design circuit gives out a detected voltage threshold according to the rated voltage value of the storage battery; the threshold value judging circuit compares the actual voltage of the storage battery with the voltage threshold value and outputs a comparison result; and the first signal on-off circuit is used for switching on or off the primary side of the optical coupling isolation circuit according to the comparison result, and the secondary side of the optical coupling isolation circuit is correspondingly switched on or off. The invention discloses a detection circuit for detecting a storage battery voltage under-voltage signal by using a passive chip, which solves the problems of detection timeliness, reliability and accuracy during detection of the storage battery voltage under-voltage signal of a needle train. By means of the circuit, when the voltage of the storage battery is lower than a design value, the optical coupler is conducted, an isolated low-level signal is output, and the isolated low-level signal is a high-level signal under a normal condition.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of circuit detection, in particular to a storage battery direct-current voltage undervoltage detection circuit.
Background
In recent years, along with the rapid development of the railway industry in China, the control level of the railway industry is higher and higher, the control method is more intelligent and diversified, and the control and detection circuits corresponding to the control method are also diversified.
The train storage battery is vital for train control, and provides power for various control and detection circuits, and the direct-current voltage undervoltage of the storage battery is an important control parameter for various control circuits in the view of practical experience of current application.
At present, the conventional under-voltage detection idea mainly utilizes a voltage reference circuit to design two voltage thresholds during over-voltage and under-voltage, then utilizes a comparator to compare the voltage with a voltage value to be detected, and sends the voltage value to a logic circuit and a latch circuit according to a comparison rule. However, the method adopts the voltage reference circuit to design the threshold values of overvoltage and undervoltage, which is tedious, and in the actual running environment of the train, the storage battery is used as the total power supply of all control and detection hardware circuits, the undervoltage of the total power supply can directly affect the work of the reference voltage circuit and can also affect the active chips of the circuits, such as a comparator, and the like.
The voltage of the storage battery is used as an analog quantity, sampled by a sampling circuit consisting of sampling resistors, and then sent to a processor through an analog-to-digital conversion chip for related logic judgment and control. But the method is basically to take the voltage of the storage battery as an analog quantity to carry out sampling and conversion, the circuit is complex, fault points are increased, and most importantly, at the moment of power supply of the storage battery, because active chips such as an analog-to-digital conversion chip need the voltage of the storage battery for power supply or secondary voltage conversion for power supply, the response speed is slow, and the problem that accurate sampling cannot be carried out due to abnormal voltage exists.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a direct-current voltage under-voltage detection circuit of a storage battery, which solves the problems of reliability and accuracy of detection timeliness during detection of a voltage under-voltage signal of a storage battery of a needle train, and enables an optical coupler to be conducted and output an isolated low-level signal and a high-level signal under normal conditions when the voltage of the storage battery is lower than a designed value.
The technical means adopted by the invention are as follows:
a battery DC voltage undervoltage detection circuit, comprising: the device comprises a voltage threshold design circuit, a threshold judgment circuit, a first signal on-off circuit and an optical coupling isolation circuit;
the voltage threshold design circuit gives out a detected voltage threshold according to a rated voltage value of the storage battery;
the threshold judgment circuit compares the actual voltage of the storage battery with the voltage threshold and outputs a comparison result;
the first signal on-off circuit is used for switching on or off the primary side of the optical coupling isolation circuit according to the comparison result, and the secondary side of the optical coupling isolation circuit is correspondingly switched on or off;
when the device is used, whether the storage battery is under-voltage or not is judged by measuring the voltage state of the secondary side of the optical coupling isolation circuit.
The optical coupler isolation circuit further comprises a second signal on-off circuit, and the second signal on-off circuit disconnects the primary side of the optical coupler isolation circuit when the first signal on-off circuit fails.
The first current limiting circuit and the second signal on-off circuit form a signal on-off control loop.
Further, the first current limiting circuit comprises a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a voltage regulator tube D1, a voltage regulator tube D2 and a capacitor C1, wherein the resistor R1, the resistor R2, the voltage regulator tube D1 and the voltage regulator tube D2 are connected between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the storage battery in series, and the capacitor C1 is connected to the two ends of the voltage regulator tube D1.
Further, the voltage threshold design circuit comprises a resistor R7, a resistor R8, a resistor R9, a resistor R10 and a capacitor C3, wherein the resistor R8, the resistor R9 and the resistor R10 are connected in series between the anode of the battery and the circuit ground terminal, and the resistor R7 and the capacitor C3 are both connected in parallel at two ends of the resistor R8.
Further, the threshold judgment circuit comprises a controllable precise voltage-stabilizing source chip U2, a reference electrode of the controllable precise voltage-stabilizing source chip U2 is connected between the resistor R8 and the resistor R10, an anode of the controllable precise voltage-stabilizing source chip U2 is connected with a cathode of the storage battery, and a cathode of the controllable precise voltage-stabilizing source chip U2 is connected with the first signal on-off circuit.
Further, the first signal on-off circuit comprises a triode Q1, the base of the triode Q1 is connected between a voltage regulator tube D1 and a voltage regulator tube D2, the collector of the triode Q1 is connected with the primary side of the optical coupling isolation circuit, and the emitter of the triode Q1 is connected with the cathode of the controllable precise voltage regulator chip U2 through a resistor R6.
Further, the second signal on-off circuit comprises a MOS transistor Q2, a gate of the MOS transistor Q2 is connected between the resistor R2 and the voltage regulator D1, a source of the MOS transistor Q2 is connected to a collector of the triode Q1, and a drain of the MOS transistor Q2 is connected to a primary side of the optical coupling isolation circuit.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the invention provides a simple circuit aiming at the conditions that a detection circuit is too complex, the detection is inaccurate at the moment of electrifying and the like in the undervoltage detection process of a storage battery in practical application, and the undervoltage information of the storage battery can be accurately and reliably detected under the condition of lower cost. Not only has high engineering application value, but also has wide market application prospect.
For the above reasons, the invention can be widely popularized in the field of voltage detection.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an under-voltage detection circuit according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of the under-voltage detection circuit according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
The relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective portions shown in the drawings are not drawn in an actual proportional relationship for the convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. Any specific values in all examples shown and discussed herein are to be construed as exemplary only and not as limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, further discussion thereof is not required in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the directional terms such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "lateral, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom", etc., are generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are used for convenience of description and simplicity of description only, and in the absence of any contrary indication, these directional terms are not intended to indicate and imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation or be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention: the terms "inner and outer" refer to the inner and outer relative to the profile of the respective component itself.
Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "above … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial relationship to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if a device in the figures is turned over, devices described as "above" or "on" other devices or configurations would then be oriented "below" or "under" the other devices or configurations. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" can include both an orientation of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may be otherwise variously oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like are used to define the components, and are only used for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and the terms have no special meanings unless otherwise stated, and therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a circuit for detecting dc undervoltage of a battery, comprising: the circuit comprises a voltage threshold design circuit, a threshold judgment circuit, a first signal on-off circuit and an optical coupling isolation circuit. The voltage threshold value design circuit gives out a detected voltage threshold value according to the rated voltage value of the storage battery. The threshold judgment circuit compares the actual voltage of the storage battery with the voltage threshold and outputs a comparison result. And the first signal on-off circuit is used for switching on or off the primary side of the optical coupling isolation circuit according to the comparison result, and the secondary side of the optical coupling isolation circuit is correspondingly switched on or off. According to the invention, through the undervoltage detection threshold setting circuit, when the undervoltage detection threshold is lower than a set value, an undervoltage signal of the signal storage battery is conducted through the optical coupling chip, and the signal is converted into an isolated high-low level signal and is sent to the control chip. When the device is used, whether the storage battery is under-voltage or not is judged by measuring the voltage state of the secondary side of the optical coupling isolation circuit.
Furthermore, the circuit also comprises a second signal on-off circuit and a first current limiting circuit. And the second signal on-off circuit disconnects the primary side of the optical coupling isolation circuit when the first signal on-off circuit fails. The first current limiting circuit and the second signal on-off circuit form a signal on-off control loop.
The specific implementation circuit of the invention is shown in figure 2, a voltage threshold design circuit adopts a sampling resistance voltage division design, a threshold judgment circuit is designed based on a controllable precise voltage-stabilizing source chip, and the invention adopts a TL431IDR chip, the reference voltage is 2.5V, and the circuit is designed by matching with the voltage threshold design circuit. The first signal on-off control circuit is a triode control circuit and is matched with a controllable precise voltage-stabilizing source chip circuit, the second signal on-off control circuit is a circuit formed by an N-MOS tube, a voltage-stabilizing tube and the like, and forms a signal on-off control loop with the first current-limiting circuit, and the first signal on-off control circuit can only act under the condition that the loop is conducted, so that misoperation is prevented, and the reliability of the circuit is improved. Finally, when the voltage signal of the storage battery is smaller than the designed value, the threshold judgment circuit detects the voltage undervoltage, the first signal control circuit disconnects a primary side channel in the optical coupling isolation circuit, so that the voltage of a secondary side of the optical coupling is changed, and the voltage undervoltage of the storage battery is judged.
Specifically, the first current limiting circuit comprises a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a voltage regulator tube D1, a voltage regulator tube D2 and a capacitor C1 connected in parallel at two ends of the voltage regulator tube D1, wherein the resistor R1, the resistor R2, the voltage regulator tube D1 and the voltage regulator tube D2 are connected between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the storage battery in series. The voltage threshold design circuit comprises a resistor R7, a resistor R8, a resistor R9, a resistor R10 and a capacitor C3, wherein the resistor R8, the resistor R9 and the resistor R10 are connected between the anode of the storage battery and the circuit ground terminal in series, and the resistor R7 and the capacitor C3 are connected at two ends of the resistor R8 in parallel. The threshold judging circuit comprises a controllable precise voltage-stabilizing source chip U2, a reference electrode of the controllable precise voltage-stabilizing source chip U2 is connected between a resistor R8 and a resistor R10, an anode of the controllable precise voltage-stabilizing source chip U2 is connected with a negative electrode of the storage battery, and a cathode of the controllable precise voltage-stabilizing source chip U2 is connected with a first signal on-off circuit. The first signal on-off circuit comprises a triode Q1, the base electrode of the triode Q1 is connected between a voltage regulator tube D1 and a voltage regulator tube D2, the collector electrode of the triode Q1 is connected with the primary side of the optical coupling isolation circuit, and the emitter electrode of the triode Q1 is connected with the cathode of the controllable precise voltage regulator source chip U2 through a resistor R6. The second signal on-off circuit comprises a MOS tube Q2, the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q2 is connected between the resistor R2 and a voltage regulator tube D1, the source electrode of the MOS tube Q2 is connected to the collector electrode of the triode Q1, and the drain electrode of the MOS tube Q2 is connected with the primary side of the optical coupling isolation circuit.
Further, the optical coupling isolation circuit comprises an optical coupling chip U1, one end of a primary side of the optical coupling chip U1 is connected with a positive electrode of a power supply, and the other end of the primary side of the optical coupling chip U1 is connected with a drain electrode of the MOS transistor Q2. One end of the secondary side of the optocoupler chip U1 is connected with the positive electrode of the power supply, and the other end of the optocoupler chip U1 is connected with the circuit ground end through a resistor R4 and a resistor R5 which are connected in series.
In addition, the undervoltage detection circuit in this embodiment further includes a second current limiting circuit, which includes a capacitor C2 and a resistor R3 connected in parallel to two ends of the primary side of the optocoupler chip U1.
When the voltage threshold design circuit works, the design of the undervoltage threshold voltage value U0 is completed, when the signal ratio in the external signal XFG1 is smaller than U0, the U2 chip is smaller than the reference voltage, the working state is the backward diode state, the output voltage (at the upper end of U2 in the figure) is in the high voltage state, the voltage output by the voltage regulator tube D2 in the first current limiting circuit is in the fixed high voltage value, the triode Q1 is in the off state, the primary side of the optocoupler chip U1 is in the off state, the secondary side of the U1 is in the off state, and the output voltage at the left side of R4 is in the low. The MOS tube has the following functions: if U2 and Q1 break down, Q1 if this time when switching on, MOS pipe can turn off, prevents the condition of false alarm trouble from appearing.
When a signal in an external signal XFG1 is larger than U0, a U2 chip is larger than a reference voltage, the working state is a conduction state, an output (upper end of U2 in the figure) voltage is in a low voltage state, a voltage regulator D2 in a first current limiting circuit outputs a fixed high voltage value, a triode Q1 is in a closed state, a primary side of an optocoupler chip U1 is in a closed state, a secondary side of U1 is in a closed state, an output voltage on the left side of R4 is pulled high to be a high level, and therefore whether the input voltage is undervoltage or not is detected through the change of the voltage on the left side of a resistor R4.
The design of the invention can adapt to storage batteries with different voltage levels by adjusting the voltage threshold value design circuit and the current limiting circuit, thereby achieving the effect of detecting the voltage undervoltage of the storage batteries. By taking a 24V storage battery as an example, a circuit with an undervoltage threshold value of 15V is designed, and by applying 14.8V to 15.2 pulse signals, pulse signals with high and low levels are generated on the output side of the optical coupling circuit and are timely and effectively fed back to the rear-end control unit.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A battery direct current voltage undervoltage detection circuit, characterized by, includes: the device comprises a voltage threshold design circuit, a threshold judgment circuit, a first signal on-off circuit and an optical coupling isolation circuit;
the voltage threshold design circuit gives out a detected voltage threshold according to a rated voltage value of the storage battery;
the threshold judgment circuit compares the actual voltage of the storage battery with the voltage threshold and outputs a comparison result;
the first signal on-off circuit is used for switching on or off the primary side of the optical coupling isolation circuit according to the comparison result, and the secondary side of the optical coupling isolation circuit is correspondingly switched on or off;
when the device is used, whether the storage battery is under-voltage or not is judged by measuring the voltage state of the secondary side of the optical coupling isolation circuit.
2. The battery dc voltage under-voltage detection circuit according to claim 1, further comprising a second signal switching circuit, wherein the second signal switching circuit disconnects the primary side of the opto-isolator circuit when the first signal switching circuit fails.
3. The battery direct-current voltage undervoltage detection circuit of claim 1 or 2, further comprising a first current limiting circuit, wherein the first current limiting circuit and the second signal on-off circuit form a signal on-off control loop.
4. The undervoltage detection circuit of claim 3, wherein the first current limiting circuit comprises a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a voltage regulator tube D1, a voltage regulator tube D2 connected in series between the positive and negative electrodes of the battery, and a capacitor C1 connected in parallel across the voltage regulator tube D1.
5. The undervoltage detection circuit for the direct-current voltage of the storage battery of claim 4, wherein the voltage threshold design circuit comprises a resistor R7, a resistor R8, a resistor R9, a resistor R10 and a capacitor C3, the resistor R8, the resistor R9 and the resistor R10 are connected in series between the positive electrode of the storage battery and a circuit ground terminal, and the resistor R7 and the capacitor C3 are connected in parallel to two ends of the resistor R8.
6. The battery direct-current voltage under-voltage detection circuit according to claim 5, wherein the threshold judgment circuit comprises a controllable precise voltage regulator chip U2, a reference electrode of the controllable precise voltage regulator chip U2 is connected between a resistor R8 and a resistor R10, an anode of the controllable precise voltage regulator chip U2 is connected to a negative electrode of the battery, and a cathode of the controllable precise voltage regulator chip U2 is connected to the first signal on-off circuit.
7. The undervoltage detection circuit for the direct current voltage of the storage battery as claimed in claim 6, wherein the first signal switching circuit comprises a transistor Q1, the base of the transistor Q1 is connected between a voltage regulator tube D1 and a voltage regulator tube D2, the collector of the transistor Q1 is connected with the primary side of the optical coupling isolation circuit, and the emitter of the transistor Q1 is connected with the cathode of the controllable precision voltage regulator chip U2 through a resistor R6.
8. The undervoltage detection circuit for the direct-current voltage of the storage battery of claim 6, wherein the second signal switching circuit comprises a MOS transistor Q2, a gate of the MOS transistor Q2 is connected between the resistor R2 and a voltage regulator D1, a source of the MOS transistor Q2 is connected to a collector of the triode Q1, and a drain of the MOS transistor Q2 is connected to a primary side of the optical coupling isolation circuit.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011105756.4A CN112285575A (en) | 2020-10-15 | 2020-10-15 | Direct-current voltage under-voltage detection circuit of storage battery |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011105756.4A CN112285575A (en) | 2020-10-15 | 2020-10-15 | Direct-current voltage under-voltage detection circuit of storage battery |
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| CN202011105756.4A Pending CN112285575A (en) | 2020-10-15 | 2020-10-15 | Direct-current voltage under-voltage detection circuit of storage battery |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116400127A (en) * | 2023-06-09 | 2023-07-07 | 拓尔微电子股份有限公司 | Undervoltage detection circuit, power management chip and undervoltage detection method |
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| CN103022965A (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2013-04-03 | 安徽巨一自动化装备有限公司 | Monitoring circuit of 12V voltage in electric vehicle electric drive controller |
| CN205229425U (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2016-05-11 | 新誉轨道交通科技有限公司 | A cross under -voltage failure detector circuit for on -vehicle low pressure battery of electric automobile |
| CN109342973A (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2019-02-15 | 中车大连电力牵引研发中心有限公司 | DC supply input status monitoring circuit and system |
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| CN103022965A (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2013-04-03 | 安徽巨一自动化装备有限公司 | Monitoring circuit of 12V voltage in electric vehicle electric drive controller |
| CN205229425U (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2016-05-11 | 新誉轨道交通科技有限公司 | A cross under -voltage failure detector circuit for on -vehicle low pressure battery of electric automobile |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116400127A (en) * | 2023-06-09 | 2023-07-07 | 拓尔微电子股份有限公司 | Undervoltage detection circuit, power management chip and undervoltage detection method |
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