CN112281658A - Pile tooth type anchorage and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Pile tooth type anchorage and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112281658A CN112281658A CN202011127441.XA CN202011127441A CN112281658A CN 112281658 A CN112281658 A CN 112281658A CN 202011127441 A CN202011127441 A CN 202011127441A CN 112281658 A CN112281658 A CN 112281658A
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- anchor
- pile
- plug body
- anchor plug
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
- E01D19/14—Towers; Anchors ; Connection of cables to bridge parts; Saddle supports
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D11/00—Suspension or cable-stayed bridges
- E01D11/02—Suspension bridges
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D21/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for erecting or assembling bridges
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Abstract
The invention relates to a pile tooth type anchorage and a construction method thereof, wherein the pile tooth type anchorage comprises the following steps: a front anchor chamber; the anchor plug body is arranged behind the front anchor chamber, and a steel strand used for being connected with a main cable is arranged in the anchor plug body; and the pile teeth are used for bearing the force together with the anchor plug body and are integrally arranged on the periphery of the anchor plug body. The pile tooth type anchorage and the construction method thereof can improve the bearing capacity of the anchorage body, reduce the construction difficulty and risk, reduce the anchorage engineering scale and obviously improve the structural safety, stability and durability on the premise of not increasing the scale of the anchorage body, and meanwhile, because the pile teeth are arranged, the length of the anchorage body can be shortened, the section size can be reduced and the manufacturing cost is reduced by 25 percent compared with that of a conventional tunnel anchor under the condition of the same main cable tension.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of bridge engineering, in particular to a pile tooth type anchorage and a construction method thereof.
Background
At present, the anchorage is used as a main bearing structure of a suspension bridge, and generally has structural types such as a tunnel anchor and a gravity anchor, and the tunnel anchorage is gradually applied in a large quantity because the tunnel anchorage makes full use of the self strength of a surrounding rock body, thereby greatly saving the engineering quantity.
In the related art, the tunnel anchor adopted by the suspension bridge is generally a single main cable corresponding to one tunnel anchor. In consideration of rock mass stability, construction safety and economy, a single excavation section is not suitable to be too large, the maximum excavation section width of the existing anchor plug body is not more than 20m, and in order to solve the problem of large tension of the main cable, the problem of lengthening the length of the anchor plug body is solved.
However, the vertical inclination angle of the tunnel anchor is large, so that both excavation and mucking are very difficult, and the lengthened tunnel anchor increases the construction risk and the construction cost; meanwhile, the anchor plug body is a wedge-shaped body with a small front part and a large rear part, so that an anchor plug effect can be formed, the length is overlarge, the size of the front anchor face required by the anchoring size cannot be too small, the size of the rear anchor face cannot be too large under the control of the width of an excavation section, the clamping effect of the anchor plug body is difficult to form, and the bearing capacity of the anchor is greatly reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a pile tooth type anchorage and a construction method thereof, and aims to solve the problems that in the related art, the construction risk and the engineering cost are increased by lengthening a tunnel anchor, the clamping effect of an anchor plug body is difficult to form after the tunnel anchor is lengthened, and the bearing capacity of the anchorage is greatly reduced.
In a first aspect, a stub tooth anchor is provided, comprising: a front anchor chamber; the anchor plug body is arranged behind the front anchor chamber, and a steel strand used for being connected with a main cable is arranged in the anchor plug body; and the pile teeth are used for bearing the force together with the anchor plug body and are integrally arranged on the periphery of the anchor plug body.
In some embodiments, the pile teeth are radially disposed along a perimeter of the anchor plug body such that the pile teeth are perpendicular to an outer surface of the anchor plug body.
In some embodiments, the cross-sectional dimension of the anchor plug body at the end adjacent to the pre-anchor chamber is smaller than the cross-sectional dimension of the anchor plug body at the other end, or the cross-sectional dimension of the anchor plug body at the end adjacent to the pre-anchor chamber is equal to the cross-sectional dimension of the anchor plug body at the other end.
In some embodiments, a plurality of the pile teeth are uniformly arranged on the surface of the anchor plug body in a quincunx shape.
In some embodiments, the pile-tooth type anchorage further comprises a rear anchor chamber located behind the anchor plug body, and the rear anchor chamber is used for reserving a tensioning space; the pile tooth type anchorage further comprises a cable scattering saddle positioned in the front anchor chamber, and the cable scattering saddle is used for scattering the main cable into a plurality of main cable steel strands.
In a second aspect, a construction method of the pile tooth type anchorage is provided, which comprises the following steps: excavating the front anchor chamber and the tunnel where the anchor plug body and the pile teeth are located; erecting steel bars or section steel in the tunnels where the anchor plugs and the pile teeth are located; and pouring concrete into the tunnel where the anchor plug body and the pile teeth are located to form the anchor plug body and the pile teeth.
In some embodiments, the excavating the front anchor chamber and the tunnel where the anchor plug body and the pile teeth are located specifically includes: firstly excavating the front anchor chamber, and excavating tunnels where a plurality of pile teeth are arranged at intervals while excavating tunnels where the anchor plugs are arranged; and enabling the tunnels where the pile teeth are located to be uniformly distributed along the periphery of the tunnels where the anchor plug bodies are located.
In some embodiments, after the front anchor chamber and the tunnel where the anchor plugs and the pile teeth are located are excavated, a rear anchor chamber is excavated behind the tunnel where the anchor plugs are located, and then the rear anchor chamber lining is poured.
In some embodiments, after the steel bars or the section steel are erected in the tunnel in which the anchor plug body and the pile teeth are located, the prestressed pipe and the steel strand are arranged in the tunnel in which the anchor plug body is located.
In some embodiments, the steel strand is tensioned after the anchor plug body and the pile teeth are formed by pouring concrete into the tunnel in which the anchor plug body and the pile teeth are located.
The technical scheme provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the embodiment of the invention provides a pile tooth type anchorage and a construction method thereof, because a plurality of pile teeth are integrally arranged on the periphery of an anchor plug body, the pile teeth and surrounding rocks can form an integral body with the anchor plug body to bear force together when the anchor plug body is under the pulling force of a main cable, and the pile teeth extend into surrounding rocks from the connection part of the pile teeth and the anchor plug body, so that more surrounding rocks around can be driven to bear force together, and the arrangement of the pile teeth also increases the contact area with the surrounding rock, the bearing capacity of the anchor plug body can be improved on the premise of not increasing the scale of the anchor plug body, the construction difficulty and risk are reduced, the scale of the anchorage project is reduced, the structural safety, stability and durability are all obviously improved, and meanwhile, due to the arrangement of the pile teeth, under the condition that the main cable tension is the same, the anchor plug body can be shortened in length, the section size can be reduced, and the manufacturing cost is reduced by 25% compared with that of a conventional tunnel anchor.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic front view of a pile tooth type anchorage provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic top view of a pile tooth type anchor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structure view of an anchor plug body of a pile tooth type anchor provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of a construction method of a pile tooth type anchorage provided in the embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a front anchor chamber; 11. a cable saddle; 2. an anchor plug body; 21. steel strand wires; 3. pile teeth; 4. mountain side slopes; 5. a hole; 6. a rear anchor chamber; 7. a main cable; 71. main cable steel strand wires.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a pile tooth type anchorage and a construction method thereof, which can solve the problems that in the related art, a lengthened tunnel anchor increases construction risk and construction cost, and after being lengthened, the clamping effect of an anchor plug body is difficult to form, and the bearing capacity of the anchorage is greatly reduced.
Referring to fig. 1, a pile tooth type anchorage provided for the embodiment of the present invention includes: a front anchor chamber 1; the anchor plug body 2 is arranged behind the front anchor chamber 1, and a steel strand 21 used for being connected with the main cable 7 is arranged in the anchor plug body 2; and a plurality of pile teeth 3 which are used for bearing force together with the anchor plug body 2 are integrally arranged on the periphery of the anchor plug body 2.
Referring to fig. 1, in some embodiments, a hole 5 may be formed in front of the front anchor chamber 1, the hole 5 may be opened in a mountain slope 4 in an anchor site area, a main cable 7 may pass through the hole 5 into the front anchor chamber 1, the front anchor chamber 1 may extend from a connection with the hole 5 in a downward and rearward direction, and a lining may be cast on an inner wall surface of the front anchor chamber 1.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, preferably, a cable saddle 11 may be disposed in the front anchor chamber 1, the cable saddle 11 is preferably disposed at a connection position of the front anchor chamber 1 and the opening 5, the main cable 7 may be connected to the cable saddle 11, and one main cable 7 may be separated into a plurality of main cable steel strands 71 by the cable saddle 11.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in some embodiments, the whole anchor plug 2 may be obliquely arranged behind the front anchor chamber 1, and the inclination angle of the anchor plug 2 may be the same as that of the front anchor chamber 1, and the shape of the anchor plug 2 may be a wedge, that is, the size of the cross section of the end of the anchor plug 2 close to the front anchor chamber 1 is smaller than that of the end of the anchor plug 2 away from the front anchor chamber 1, and for facilitating excavation, the shape of the anchor plug 2 may also be a substantially cylindrical shape, that is, the size of the cross section of the end of the anchor plug 2 close to the front anchor chamber 1 is equal to that of the end of the anchor plug 2 away from the front anchor chamber 1; the steel strands 21 can be uniformly embedded in the anchor plug body 2, and the front ends of the steel strands 21 are respectively and correspondingly connected with the main cable steel strands 71.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, preferably, the pile teeth 3 may be radially arranged along the periphery of the anchor plug body 2, in this embodiment, the cross section of the upper half portion of the anchor plug body 2 is semicircular, the cross section of the lower half portion is rectangular, the pile teeth 3 located on the upper half portion of the anchor plug body 2 may be formed by extending outward along the radial direction of the anchor plug body 2, so that the pile teeth 3 are perpendicular to the tangent line of the arc-shaped outer surface of the anchor plug body 2, the pile teeth 3 located on the lower half portion of the anchor plug body 2 may extend outward perpendicular to the outer surface of the anchor plug body 2, and the diameter and length of the pile teeth 3 may be determined by calculation, so that the pile teeth meet both construction requirements and stress requirements; because the outer surface of stake tooth 3 and anchor plug body 2 is perpendicular setting, when the pulling force of main push-towing rope 7 acted on anchor plug body 2, anchor plug body 2 received the ascending pulling force of slope, simultaneously, stake tooth 3 also can receive the pulling force of perpendicular to its extending direction, because this pulling force is perpendicular to 3 extending direction of stake tooth, consequently, the pulling force that acts on stake tooth 3 can act on its surrounding rock on every side through stake tooth 3, make the surrounding rock can be better block anchor plug body 2 and stake tooth 3 and receive the pulling force and remove, the wholeness of surrounding rock and anchor plug body 2 and stake tooth 3 that can be better, and then improve the bearing capacity and the durability of anchorage.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, in some embodiments, a plurality of teeth 3 may be arranged uniformly on the surface of the anchor plug body 2 in a quincunx pattern to facilitate more uniform forces acting on the teeth 3.
Referring to fig. 1, in some alternative embodiments, the post-tooth type anchorage may further include a rear anchor chamber 6 located behind the anchor plug body 2, and the rear anchor chamber 6 is used to reserve a space for tensioning the steel strand 21.
Referring to fig. 4, a construction method of the pile tooth type anchorage provided for the embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
s401: and excavating a front anchor chamber 1 and a tunnel where the anchor plug body 2 and the pile teeth 3 are located.
Referring to fig. 1, in some embodiments, before step S401, a cave opening 5 may be excavated on a mountain slope 4 in an anchor site area, controlled blasting is used for excavating the anchor cave to ensure the surrounding rock mass to be stable, and preliminary support construction of the anchor cave is performed while excavating, wherein the preliminary support includes advance support (if necessary), system anchor rods, reinforcing mesh, steel frame and sprayed concrete.
Referring to fig. 1, in some alternative embodiments, in step S401, the excavation of the tunnel in which the anchor chamber 1, the anchor plug body 2 and the pile teeth 3 are located may specifically include the following steps: firstly excavating a front anchor chamber 1, and excavating tunnels where a plurality of pile teeth 3 arranged at intervals are positioned while excavating tunnels where anchor plugs 2 are positioned; so that the tunnels in which the pile teeth 3 are positioned are uniformly distributed along the periphery of the tunnels in which the anchor plug bodies 2 are positioned.
Referring to fig. 1, in some embodiments, after the excavation of the front anchor chamber 1 and the tunnel where the anchor plugs 2 and the pile teeth 3 are located, the rear anchor chamber 6 may be excavated behind the tunnel where the anchor plugs 2 are located, and then the rear anchor chamber 6 lining may be poured after the excavation of the tunnel.
S402: and steel bars or section steel are erected in the tunnels where the anchor plug bodies 2 and the pile teeth 3 are located.
In some embodiments, after step S402, a prestressed pipe and steel strands 21 may be provided in the tunnel in which the anchor plug 2 is located.
S403: and pouring concrete into the tunnel where the anchor plug body 2 and the pile teeth 3 are located to form the anchor plug body 2 and the pile teeth 3.
Preferably, in step S403, while the anchor plugs 2 and the pile teeth 3 are formed by pouring, grouting may be performed into the surrounding rock body by drilling, so as to ensure the integrity of the surrounding rock and the strength of the surrounding rock.
In some embodiments, after step S403, the steel strand 21 in the anchor plug 2 may be tensioned.
Referring to fig. 2, in some alternative embodiments, after the steel strands 21 are tensioned after step S403, the front anchor chamber 1 lining may be cast.
Referring to fig. 1, in some embodiments, after the front anchor room 1 is lined, a cable saddle 11 may be installed in the front anchor room 1, the main cable 7 may be separated into a plurality of main cable steel strands 71 by the cable saddle 11, and the main cable steel strands 71 may be connected to the steel strands 21 in the anchor plug 2 after the front anchor room 1 is cast.
Referring to fig. 1, in some alternative embodiments, after step S403, after the main cable steel strand 71 is connected with the steel strand 21 in the anchor plug body 2, the construction of the opening 5 may be completed, so as to form a pile tooth type anchorage.
The principles of the pile tooth type anchorage and the construction method thereof provided by the embodiment of the invention are as follows:
because a plurality of pile teeth 3 are integrally arranged around the anchor plug body 2, the anchor plug body 2 can form an integral common stress with the anchor plug body 2 when being subjected to the tensile force of a main cable 7, the pile teeth 3 and surrounding rocks extend into the surrounding rocks from the joint of the pile teeth 3 and the anchor plug body 2, more surrounding rocks around can be driven to bear the stress together, the contact area between the pile teeth 3 and the surrounding rocks is increased, the bearing capacity of the anchor plug body 2 can be improved on the premise of not increasing the scale of the anchor plug body 2, the construction difficulty and risk are reduced, the scale of an anchorage project is reduced, the structural safety, the stability and the durability are obviously improved, meanwhile, due to the arrangement of the pile teeth 3, the length of the anchor plug body 2 can be shortened under the condition that the tensile force of the main cable 7 is the same, the section size can be reduced, and the manufacturing cost is reduced by 25% compared with a conventional tunnel anchor.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and operate, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are intended to be inclusive and mean, for example, that they may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
It is to be noted that, in the present invention, relational terms such as "first" and "second", and the like, are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The foregoing are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, which enable those skilled in the art to understand or practice the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. A pile tooth type anchorage, characterized in that, it includes:
a front anchor chamber (1);
the anchor plug body (2) is arranged behind the front anchor chamber (1), and a steel strand (21) used for being connected with the main cable (7) is arranged in the anchor plug body (2);
the pile teeth (3) are used for being stressed together with the anchor plug body (2) and are integrally arranged on the periphery of the anchor plug body (2).
2. The pile-tooth anchorage of claim 1, characterized in that:
the pile teeth (3) are arranged radially along the periphery of the anchor plug body (2) so that the pile teeth (3) are perpendicular to the outer surface of the anchor plug body (2).
3. The pile-tooth anchorage of claim 1, characterized in that:
the size of the cross section of one end of the anchor plug body (2) close to the front anchor chamber (1) is smaller than that of the other end of the anchor plug body (2),
or the cross section size of one end of the anchor plug body (2) close to the front anchor chamber (1) is equal to that of the other end of the anchor plug body (2).
4. The pile-tooth anchorage of claim 1, characterized in that:
the pile teeth (3) are uniformly arranged on the surface of the anchor plug body (2) in a quincunx shape.
5. The pile-tooth anchorage of claim 1, characterized in that:
the pile tooth type anchorage also comprises a rear anchor chamber (6) positioned behind the anchor plug body (2), and the rear anchor chamber (6) is used for reserving a tensioning space;
the pile tooth type anchorage further comprises a cable scattering saddle (11) positioned in the front anchor chamber (1), and the cable scattering saddle (11) is used for scattering the main cable (7) into a plurality of main cable steel strands (71).
6. A construction method of a pile tooth type anchorage as claimed in claim 1, characterized by comprising the steps of:
excavating the front anchor chamber (1) and a tunnel where the anchor plug body (2) and the pile teeth (3) are located;
steel bars or section steel are erected in the tunnels where the anchor plug bodies (2) and the pile teeth (3) are located;
and pouring concrete into the tunnel where the anchor plug body (2) and the pile teeth (3) are located to form the anchor plug body (2) and the pile teeth (3).
7. The construction method according to claim 6, wherein the excavation of the front anchor chamber (1) and the tunnel in which the anchor plug body (2) and the pile teeth (3) are located comprises:
firstly excavating the front anchor chamber (1), and excavating tunnels where a plurality of pile teeth (3) are arranged at intervals while excavating tunnels where the anchor plug bodies (2) are arranged;
so that the tunnels where the pile teeth (3) are located are uniformly distributed along the periphery of the tunnels where the anchor plug bodies (2) are located.
8. The construction method according to claim 6, wherein:
after the front anchor chamber (1) and the tunnel where the anchor plug body (2) and the pile teeth (3) are located are excavated, a rear anchor chamber (6) is excavated behind the tunnel where the anchor plug body (2) is located, and then a lining of the rear anchor chamber (6) is poured.
9. The construction method according to claim 6, wherein:
after steel bars or section steel are erected in the tunnels where the anchor plug bodies (2) and the pile teeth (3) are located, prestressed pipelines and steel strands (21) are arranged in the tunnels where the anchor plug bodies (2) are located.
10. The construction method according to claim 9, wherein:
and concrete is poured into the tunnels where the anchor plug bodies (2) and the pile teeth (3) are located to form the anchor plug bodies (2) and the pile teeth (3) and then the steel strands (21) are tensioned.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011127441.XA CN112281658A (en) | 2020-10-20 | 2020-10-20 | Pile tooth type anchorage and construction method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011127441.XA CN112281658A (en) | 2020-10-20 | 2020-10-20 | Pile tooth type anchorage and construction method thereof |
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| CN112281658A true CN112281658A (en) | 2021-01-29 |
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| CN202011127441.XA Pending CN112281658A (en) | 2020-10-20 | 2020-10-20 | Pile tooth type anchorage and construction method thereof |
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| CN114922085A (en) * | 2022-06-09 | 2022-08-19 | 湖南科技大学 | Assembly type tunnel anchor system and construction method |
| CN114922063A (en) * | 2022-05-20 | 2022-08-19 | 兰州理工大学 | Suspension bridge tunnel type anchorage |
| CN117388081A (en) * | 2023-12-12 | 2024-01-12 | 西南交通大学 | Test device and test method for determining bearing capacity of tunnel anchor by backward-pushing loading |
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| CN117388081B (en) * | 2023-12-12 | 2024-04-02 | 西南交通大学 | Test device and test method for determining bearing capacity of tunnel anchor by backward-pushing loading |
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Application publication date: 20210129 |