CN112279735A - Anti-hardening drip irrigation fertilizer suitable for improving salinized hardened soil and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Anti-hardening drip irrigation fertilizer suitable for improving salinized hardened soil and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112279735A CN112279735A CN202010416468.4A CN202010416468A CN112279735A CN 112279735 A CN112279735 A CN 112279735A CN 202010416468 A CN202010416468 A CN 202010416468A CN 112279735 A CN112279735 A CN 112279735A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a hardening-resistant drip irrigation fertilizer suitable for improving salinized and hardened soil and a preparation method thereof. The product of the invention is suitable for salinized and hardened soil, and the anti-hardening agent in the product enters a soil salinization layer after fertilization, so that the salting-out intercrystalline binding force is damaged, the soil structure is adjusted, and nutrient elements required for growth and development are provided for crops, thereby achieving the double effects of improving the soil and providing nutrition.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fertilizers, and particularly relates to a hardening-resistant drip irrigation fertilizer suitable for improving salinized hardened soil and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Salinization and hardening of soil refers to a phenomenon that a soil plough layer is lack of organic matters due to long-term application of a high-concentration inorganic fertilizer, salt ions are transported and accumulated to a surface plough layer under the action of high-temperature transpiration, salting out and crystallization are carried out, crystal bridges are formed, and then a soil surface is hardened, and usually white frost is generated by the hardening. The salinized soil hardening is caused by a plurality of factors, and generally, the excessive application of chemical fertilizers causes the low organic matter content, the poor structure and the unbalanced nutrient in the soil, thereby destroying the granular structure of the soil and influencing the activity of microorganisms. The harm of soil hardening is huge, (1) the respiration of plant root systems is blocked, and the respiration of plant root cells is weakened to influence the absorption under the condition of soil hardening or long-term water flooding. (2) The plant root system can not normally develop, the soil aggregate structure is an important index of soil fertility, the soil water retention capacity, the fertilizer retention capacity and the permeability are reduced due to the damage of the soil aggregate structure, soil hardening is caused, and the activity of the plant root system in the state is reduced due to oxygen deficiency. (3) The plant nutrient deficiency is caused by the root absorption capacity reduction caused by a series of problems such as soil hardening, soil pH value imbalance and the like. The mechanism of salinized soil hardening is consistent with that of fertilizer hardening, and the salinized soil hardening and fertilizer hardening are caused by the fact that the surface of chemical salt is repeatedly dissolved and crystallized due to the change of external conditions (such as temperature, humidity, pressure and the like), and then the phenomenon of crystal bridges is generated to cause caking.
In view of the above, there is a need for a hardening-resistant drip irrigation fertilizer suitable for improving salinized hardened soil and a preparation method thereof.
Principle of the invention
By adding the anti-caking agent into the fertilizer, the crystal can be subjected to certain inhibiting and interfering effects in the growth and formation processes to cause lattice distortion and distortion, the intermolecular force in the crystal is interfered, the crystal form is changed, the crystallization strength is reduced, the intercrystalline bonding force is damaged, the interfacial energy of the fertilizer crystal is reduced, and the caking degree is reduced. And the higher cation exchange capacity of humic acid is combined, so that the adsorption capacity of soil to anions is obviously improved, and the surface salt content is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to solve the problem of salinization and hardening of soil caused by hardening and excessive fertilization of the fertilizer by adding the anti-hardening agent and the humic acid powder into the drip irrigation fertilizer.
In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the adopted technical scheme is as follows:
the anti-hardening drip irrigation fertilizer suitable for improving the salinized and hardened soil comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-30 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, 15-35 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 15-25 parts of potash fertilizer, 10-20 parts of humic acid powder, 0.5-2 parts of trace elements and 5-10 parts of anti-caking agent.
The humic acid powder is mineral source humic acid and is an organic carrier with good biological activity and multiple functional groups. It has high cation exchange capacity, and can raise the adsorption capacity of soil to anions and reduce the salt content in the surface.
The anti-plate caking agent 1) is adsorbed on the surface of the crystal to form a hydrophobic layer, so that the water exchange between the crystal and the atmosphere is blocked, and the capillary adsorption force of the crystal on the solution is reduced; 2) has space occupation, prevents mutual attraction and coalescence among salt-based particles, and blocks the formation of crystal bridges.
The humic acid and the anti-hardening agent are added together, so that a more efficient organic synergistic effect is achieved, and the physicochemical properties of the salinized and hardened soil are better improved.
The nitrogen fertilizer is selected from one or more of urea, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, ammonium bicarbonate, urea formaldehyde and urea amine, and is preferably urea and urea amine.
The phosphate fertilizer is selected from one or more of monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, ammonium polyphosphate, monopotassium phosphate, urea phosphate and calcium superphosphate, and is preferably monoammonium phosphate and ammonium polyphosphate;
the potash fertilizer is selected from one or more of potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, monopotassium phosphate, potassium citrate and potassium formate, and is preferably potassium chloride and monopotassium phosphate;
the humic acid powder is selected from mineral humic acid powder.
The trace elements are selected from one or more of boric acid, borax, EDDHA-Zn, EDDHA-Fe, EDDHA-Mn, EDDHA-Cu, EDTA-Zn, EDTA-Fe, EDTA-Mn and EDTA-Cu ammonium molybdate, and preferably boric acid and EDDHA-Zn.
The anti-hardening agent is selected from one or more of sodium lignosulfonate, sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate methylene dinaphthalene sulfonate, sodium alkylaryl sulfonate, alkylphenol formaldehyde resin polyoxyethylene ether and phenethyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether, and is preferably sodium dodecyl sulfate and phenethyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether.
Preferably, the drip irrigation fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, 25 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 24 parts of potash fertilizer, 20 parts of humic acid powder, 1 part of trace elements and 10 parts of anti-hardening agent.
More preferably: the 10 parts of plate-resistant agent consists of 2 parts of sodium dodecyl sulfate and 8 parts of phenethylphenol polyoxyethylene ether.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the anti-hardening drip irrigation fertilizer suitable for hardened salinized soil, which comprises the following steps:
weighing raw materials: weighing 20 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, 25 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 24 parts of potash fertilizer, 20 parts of humic acid powder, 1 part of trace elements and 10 parts of anti-hardening agent according to parts by weight. Crushing and mixing: mixing 20 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, 25 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 24 parts of potash fertilizer and 1 part of trace elements, crushing and sieving the mixture by using a hammer crusher to obtain mixture powder, adding 20 parts of humic acid powder and 10 parts of anti-caking agent into the mixture powder, uniformly mixing the mixture powder in a mixing and stirring device, and quantitatively packaging the obtained uniform product to obtain a finished product.
The inventor discovers that the pores of the drip irrigation tape cannot be blocked by crushing the raw materials and sieving the crushed raw materials with a 60-mesh sieve, the production environment of the process needs to strictly control the environmental temperature, the relative humidity is controlled within 50 percent, and the process is provided with a corresponding dehumidifying and dust collecting device.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples below:
the reagents used in the examples are, unless otherwise specified, conventional starting materials.
Example 1
The anti-hardening drip irrigation fertilizer suitable for the salinized and hardened soil comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of urea, 25 parts of ammonium polyphosphate, 15 parts of potassium chloride, 19 parts of humic acid powder, 0.6 part of boric acid, 0.2 part of EDDHA-Zns, 2 parts of sodium dodecyl sulfate and 8 parts of phenethyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether.
Weighing urea, ammonium polyphosphate, potassium chloride, humic acid powder, boric acid, EDDHA-Zn and an anti-plating agent. Adding urea, ammonium polyphosphate, potassium chloride, boric acid and EDDHA-Zn into a hammer crusher, crushing and sieving (60 meshes) to obtain mixture powder, adding humic acid powder and an anti-caking agent into the mixture powder, uniformly mixing in a mixing and stirring device, and quantitatively packaging the obtained uniform product to obtain a finished product.
Example 2
The anti-hardening drip irrigation fertilizer suitable for the salinized and hardened soil comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of urea, 35 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 24 parts of potassium formate, 15 parts of humic acid powder, 0.6 part of boric acid, 0.2 part of EDDHA-Zns, 5 parts of sodium dodecyl sulfate and 5 parts of sodium lignosulfonate.
Weighing urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium formate, humic acid powder, boric acid, EDDHA-Zn and an anti-caking agent. Adding urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium formate, boric acid and EDDHA-Zn into a hammer crusher, crushing and sieving (60 meshes) to obtain mixture powder, adding humic acid powder, sodium dodecyl sulfate and sodium lignosulfonate into the mixture powder, uniformly mixing in a mixing device, and quantitatively packaging the obtained uniform product to obtain a finished product.
Example 3
The anti-hardening drip irrigation fertilizer suitable for the salinized and hardened soil comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of urea amine, 34 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 20 parts of potassium sulfate, 10 parts of humic acid powder, 0.4 part of boric acid, 0.2 part of EDDHA-Zn0.2 part of EDDHA-Fe0.2 part of sodium lignosulphonate and 6 parts of phenethyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether.
Urea amine, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, humic acid powder, boric acid, EDDHA-Zn, EDDHA-Fe, sodium lignosulfonate and alkylphenol formaldehyde resin polyoxyethylene ether are weighed. The method comprises the steps of adding urea amine, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, boric acid, EDDHA-Zn and EDDHA-Fe into a hammer crusher, crushing and sieving (60 meshes) to obtain mixture powder, adding humic acid powder, sodium lignosulphonate and phenethyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether into the mixture powder, uniformly mixing in a mixing device, and quantitatively packaging the obtained uniform product to obtain a finished product.
Claims (4)
1. The anti-hardening drip irrigation fertilizer suitable for improving the hardened and hardened salinized soil is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 10-30 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, 15-35 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 15-25 parts of potash fertilizer, 10-20 parts of humic acid powder, 0.5-2 parts of trace elements and 5-10 parts of anti-caking agent.
2. The drip irrigation fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the nitrogen fertilizer is selected from one or more of urea, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, ammonium bicarbonate, urea formaldehyde and urea amine, and is preferably urea and urea amine;
the phosphate fertilizer is selected from one or more of monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, ammonium polyphosphate, monopotassium phosphate, urea phosphate and calcium superphosphate, and is preferably monoammonium phosphate and ammonium polyphosphate;
the potash fertilizer is selected from one or more of potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, monopotassium phosphate, potassium citrate and potassium formate, and is preferably potassium chloride and monopotassium phosphate;
the humic acid powder is selected from mineral humic acid powder;
the trace elements are selected from one or more of boric acid, borax, EDDHA-Zn, EDDHA-Fe, EDDHA-Mn, EDDHA-Cu, EDTA-Zn, EDTA-Fe, EDTA-Mn and EDTA-Cu ammonium molybdate, and preferably boric acid and EDDHA-Zn.
3. The drip irrigation fertilizer according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that:
the anti-hardening agent is selected from one or more of sodium lignosulfonate, sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate methylene dinaphthalene sulfonate, sodium alkylaryl sulfonate, alkylphenol formaldehyde resin polyoxyethylene ether and phenethyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether, and is preferably sodium dodecyl sulfate and phenethyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether.
4. The preparation method of the anti-hardened drip irrigation fertilizer suitable for hardened soil hardening according to the claim 1, is characterized by comprising the following steps:
weighing raw materials: weighing 10-30 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, 15-35 parts of phosphatic fertilizer, 15-25 parts of potash fertilizer, 10-20 parts of humic acid powder, 0.5-2 parts of trace elements and 5-10 parts of anti-caking agent according to parts by weight;
crushing and mixing: mixing 10-30 parts of nitrogen fertilizer, 15-35 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 15-25 parts of potassium fertilizer and 0.5-2 parts of trace elements, crushing and sieving the mixture by using a hammer crusher to obtain mixture powder, adding 10-20 parts of humic acid powder and 5-10 parts of anti-caking agent into the mixture powder, uniformly mixing the mixture powder in a mixing and stirring device, and quantitatively packaging the obtained uniform product to obtain a finished product.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010416468.4A CN112279735A (en) | 2020-05-18 | 2020-05-18 | Anti-hardening drip irrigation fertilizer suitable for improving salinized hardened soil and preparation method thereof |
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| CN202010416468.4A CN112279735A (en) | 2020-05-18 | 2020-05-18 | Anti-hardening drip irrigation fertilizer suitable for improving salinized hardened soil and preparation method thereof |
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| CN112279735A true CN112279735A (en) | 2021-01-29 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113666782A (en) * | 2021-08-03 | 2021-11-19 | 青岛苏贝尔作物营养有限公司 | Urea-coated humic acid composite granular fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
Citations (5)
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| CN103044120A (en) * | 2013-01-24 | 2013-04-17 | 新疆丰田农资有限公司 | Soil improving synergistic saline-alkali resistant water soluble fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN103193537A (en) * | 2012-01-09 | 2013-07-10 | 山西美邦大富农科技有限公司 | Yellowish-brown humic acid-containing water-soluble fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN107188656A (en) * | 2016-10-26 | 2017-09-22 | 江西先益农生物科技有限公司 | A kind of pulvis organic-inorganic water-soluble fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN107573195A (en) * | 2017-10-18 | 2018-01-12 | 青岛农业大学 | A kind of sweet potato drip irrigation fertilizer and its preparation and application process |
| CN108546215A (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2018-09-18 | 沃达农业科技股份有限公司 | A kind of organic tune acid synergy drip irrigation fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
-
2020
- 2020-05-18 CN CN202010416468.4A patent/CN112279735A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103193537A (en) * | 2012-01-09 | 2013-07-10 | 山西美邦大富农科技有限公司 | Yellowish-brown humic acid-containing water-soluble fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN103044120A (en) * | 2013-01-24 | 2013-04-17 | 新疆丰田农资有限公司 | Soil improving synergistic saline-alkali resistant water soluble fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN107188656A (en) * | 2016-10-26 | 2017-09-22 | 江西先益农生物科技有限公司 | A kind of pulvis organic-inorganic water-soluble fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN107573195A (en) * | 2017-10-18 | 2018-01-12 | 青岛农业大学 | A kind of sweet potato drip irrigation fertilizer and its preparation and application process |
| CN108546215A (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2018-09-18 | 沃达农业科技股份有限公司 | A kind of organic tune acid synergy drip irrigation fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113666782A (en) * | 2021-08-03 | 2021-11-19 | 青岛苏贝尔作物营养有限公司 | Urea-coated humic acid composite granular fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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