CN112275395B

CN112275395B - Organic solid waste treatment device

Info

Publication number: CN112275395B
Application number: CN202011070691.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 常雪
Original assignee: Ji'an Chifan Electronic Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: State Grid Tianjin Electric Power Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-10-09
Filing date: 2020-10-09
Publication date: 2022-10-04
Anticipated expiration: 2040-10-09
Also published as: CN112275395A

Abstract

The invention discloses an organic solid waste treatment device in the technical field of organic solid waste treatment, which comprises a motor, a base, a crushing kettle, a mounting plate, a top cover and material returning holes, wherein the base is fixedly connected to the upper end of the base, the crushing kettle is fixedly connected to the upper end of the base, the arc bottom surface of the crushing kettle is downwards sunken, the mounting plate is horizontally and fixedly connected to the outer wall of the crushing kettle, the side wall of the lower end of the mounting plate of the crushing kettle is provided with a plurality of irregular material returning holes, the top cover is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the crushing kettle through a pin shaft, the crushing kettle comprises a crushing mechanism, a discharging mechanism, a releasing mechanism and a transmission mechanism, the crushing mechanism is coaxially rotatably connected to the center of the crushing kettle through a high-speed shaft, the discharging mechanism is sleeved on the outer wall of the base, the releasing mechanism is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the base through a pin shaft, and the transmission mechanism is fixedly mounted at the upper end of the base. The organic waste has toxicity, durability and difficult degradability, effectively solves the problem of crushing effect, solves the problem of object flying in crushing and effectively solves the problem of low efficiency of equipment.

Description

Organic solid waste treatment device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of organic solid waste treatment, in particular to an organic solid waste treatment device.

Background

The generation and discharge of solid wastes are continued along with the human society, and the production, distribution, exchange and consumption links of the social production can generate wastes; solid waste can be generated in the links of planning, designing, raw material purchasing, manufacturing, packaging, transporting, distributing, consuming and the like of the product in the life cycle of the product, and even if the solid waste is utilized for reverse production and a corresponding reverse logistics process, the solid waste can also be generated; solid wastes are generated in various functional areas of land use, residential areas, commercial areas, industrial areas, agricultural areas, municipal facilities, cultural and recreational areas, outdoor open lands and the like; solid waste is generated and discharged by any individual, enterprise and public institution, government organization and social organization in the whole society, the organic solid waste refers to solid organic matters and substances which are generated in production, life and other activities and lose original utilization value or are discarded or abandoned although the utilization value is not lost, the organic waste is an important type of hazardous waste, and some organic wastes have toxicity, durability and difficult degradability and have great harm to the environment and human beings.

However, the prior methods for treating solid wastes comprise techniques such as composting, incineration, sanitary landfill, plasma treatment, thermal desorption, on-site vitrification and the like, but the methods have the defects that some methods are easy to generate secondary pollution; in addition, the methods need to use a waste treatment device, the traditional waste treatment has simple structure and low treatment efficiency, and meanwhile, secondary pollution such as gas and the like is generated sometimes when solid waste is treated; some devices adopt symmetrically arranged crushing rollers for occlusion crushing, the crushing mode is a tearing mode, only large fixed wastes can be treated into small blocks, solid wastes cannot be completely pulverized, and hard solids can fly out due to an open feeding port in the crushing process, so that safety accidents are caused; in addition, because the feeding is manually filled, the phenomenon of blocking and overloading can occur, and the crushing roller needs to be reversely rotated and released, thereby wasting time; the dryness of the fixed waste is not strong enough, and some devices are used for spraying sterilization liquid after crushing, so that the crushed solid is not well adhered and cleaned, and the sterilization effect is poor because the antibacterial liquid cannot reach the middle of the fragments due to incomplete crushing;

based on this, the invention designs an organic solid waste treatment device to solve the above problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an organic solid waste treatment device, which aims to solve the problems that the prior art proposes methods for treating solid waste, such as composting method, incineration, sanitary landfill, plasma treatment, thermal desorption, on-site vitrification and the like, but the methods have the disadvantages, and some methods are even easy to generate secondary pollution; in addition, the methods need to use a waste treatment device, the traditional waste treatment has simple structure and low treatment efficiency, and meanwhile, secondary pollution such as gas and the like is generated sometimes when solid waste is treated; some devices adopt symmetrically arranged crushing rollers for occlusion crushing, the crushing mode is a tearing mode, only large fixed wastes can be treated into small blocks, solid wastes cannot be completely pulverized, and hard solids can fly out due to an open feeding port in the crushing process, so that safety accidents are caused; in addition, because the feeding is manually filled, the phenomenon of blocking and overload can occur, and the crushing roller needs to be reversely rotated and released, thereby wasting time; the dryness of the fixed waste is not strong enough, and some devices are used for spraying sterilization liquid after being crushed, so that the bonding between the crushed solid is not well cleaned, and the sterilization effect is poor due to the fact that the crushed incomplete antibacterial liquid cannot reach the middle of the fragments.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the utility model provides an organic solid waste processing apparatus, includes motor, base, crushing cauldron, mounting panel and top cap, base fixed connection is in the base upper end, and crushing cauldron fixed connection is in the base upper end, it is circular arc bottom surface undercut to smash the cauldron, the horizontal fixed connection of mounting panel is at crushing cauldron outer wall, a plurality of irregular material returned holes have been seted up at mounting panel lower extreme lateral wall to crushing cauldron, and the top cap rotates through the round pin axle to be connected at crushing cauldron outer wall, its characterized in that: the crushing mechanism is coaxially and rotatably connected to the center of the crushing kettle through a high-speed shaft, the discharging mechanism is sleeved on the outer wall of the base, the releasing mechanism is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the base through a pin, and the transmission mechanism is fixedly installed at the upper end of the base;

the crushing mechanism comprises a plurality of blades, the blades are uniformly and fixedly connected to the upper end of a high-speed shaft in a staggered equal-angle manner in an upper-lower two groups, the high-speed shaft penetrates through the crushing kettle and is coaxially and rotatably connected to the inner wall of a stirring shaft, the bottom end of the high-speed shaft is rotatably connected to the upper end of a base, the high-speed shaft is close to the upper end of the base and is fixedly connected with a first gear, the stirring shaft penetrates through the crushing kettle and is coaxially and rotatably connected to the center of the crushing kettle, the stirring shaft penetrates through the upper end of the crushing kettle and is fixedly connected with two stirring blades which are uniformly arranged in an equal-angle manner, and one end of the stirring shaft close to the first gear is coaxially and fixedly connected with a first belt wheel;

the discharging mechanism comprises a stirring plate, baffle plates are arranged on the outer edge and the inner diameter edge of the stirring plate, a discharging opening is formed in the position, close to the edge baffle plates, of the stirring plate, the stirring plate is sleeved on the outer wall of the base through a vertical groove in an intermediate baffle plate and a vertical key in the base, the upper end and the lower end of the vertical key limit the vertical groove, an annular clamping groove is formed in the lower end of the stirring plate, a disturbing plate which is rotatably arranged on the outer wall of the base is further arranged below the stirring plate, a plurality of buckles with uniform height and different length are fixedly connected to the upper end face of the disturbing plate at uniform angles around an axis, the plurality of buckles are correspondingly connected with the clamping grooves in a sliding mode, and a second gear is coaxially and fixedly connected to the lower end of the disturbing plate;

the releasing mechanism comprises a discharge hopper, the discharge hopper is positioned at the lower end of a discharge opening and is rotationally connected to the outer wall of a base through a rocker arm, one end of the rocker arm is hinged to the lower end of the discharge hopper, the other end of the rocker arm is rotationally connected with one end of a top plate through a pin and a long circular hole on the rocker arm, the middle of the rocker arm is rotationally connected to the side wall of the base through a pin fixed on the outer wall of the base, the other end of the top plate is hinged to one end of a displacement plate, the displacement plate is slidably connected to two groups of symmetrically arranged support side walls through the long circular hole and a circular rod, the two groups of symmetrical supports are fixedly connected to the upper end of a mounting plate, two shifting rods which transversely penetrate through and are slidably connected to the side walls of the supports are symmetrically arranged on the axial line of the crushing kettle one end of the supports close to the mounting plate one above the other, and teeth are arranged on the opposite surfaces of the shifting rods, the lifting rods are semicircular plates, four extension springs are fixedly connected between two ends of each lifting rod and the support, two symmetrical release plates are fixedly connected between the two lifting rods through two symmetrical pins, the two release plates are horizontally and slidably connected into holes in the side wall of the crushing kettle, two third gears are meshed between the two lifting rods, the two third gears are symmetrically and rotatably connected to the outer wall of the crushing kettle, one of the third gears penetrates through the displacement plate and is meshed into a gear hole in the displacement plate, the gear hole is of a toothless half-rack structure at the upper end, a sliding plate is sleeved in a long through hole in the middle of the upper end of the displacement plate, a compression spring is fixedly arranged between the lower part of the sliding plate and the long through hole, and the sliding plate is rotatably connected to one end of the top cover through a bolt;

the transmission mechanism comprises a first belt, a fourth gear, a fifth gear, a driving shaft and a second belt wheel, the driving shaft is rotatably connected to the upper end of the base, the driving shaft is sequentially and coaxially and fixedly connected with the fourth gear, the second belt wheel and the fifth gear from bottom to top, the first belt is sleeved on the outer sides of the first belt wheel and the second belt wheel, the fourth gear is meshed with the first gear, the fifth gear is meshed with the second gear, and the motor output shaft is fixedly connected to one end of the driving shaft.

Aiming at solving the problems of the prior methods for treating solid wastes, such as composting method, incineration, sanitary landfill, plasma treatment, thermal desorption, on-site vitrification and the like, the methods have various disadvantages, and some methods even easily generate secondary pollution; the method needs a waste treatment device, the traditional waste treatment has simple structure and low treatment efficiency, and meanwhile, secondary pollution such as gas and the like can be generated sometimes when solid waste is treated; some equipment adopts symmetrically arranged crushing rollers for meshing crushing, the crushing mode is a tearing mode, large fixed wastes can be only treated into small blocks, solid wastes cannot be completely pulverized, and hard solids can fly out due to an open feeding port in the crushing process, so that safety accidents are caused; in addition, because the feeding is manually filled, the phenomenon of blocking and overloading can occur, and the crushing roller needs to be reversely rotated and released, thereby wasting time; the dryness of the fixed waste is not strong enough, and some devices are used for spraying sterilization liquid after being crushed, so that the bonding between the crushed solid is not well cleaned, and the sterilization effect is poor due to the fact that the crushed incomplete antibacterial liquid cannot reach the middle of the fragments.

When the stirring device is used, the motor is started to drive the driving shaft to rotate, solid wastes are put into the stirring kettle, the driving shaft rotates to drive the second belt wheel, the fourth gear and the fifth gear which are fixed on the driving shaft to rotate, the second belt wheel drives the first belt wheel to rotate in the same direction through the first belt, at the moment, the first belt wheel drives the stirring shaft to rotate, and the stirring shaft drives the stirring blades to rotate (as shown in figure 6); meanwhile, the fourth gear drives the first gear to rotate in the opposite direction, the first gear drives the high-speed shaft to rotate, and the high-speed shaft drives the blades to rotate (as shown in fig. 2); meanwhile, the rotation direction of the blades is opposite to that of the stirring blades (as shown in figure 2), so that the stirring efficiency can be improved; meanwhile, the fifth gear drives the second gear which is meshed with the outer side to rotate, meanwhile, the second gear drives the disturbance plate to rotate around the base, due to the fact that buckles (shown in figure 5) which are different in length and gradually changed in sequence are fixed at the upper end of the disturbance plate, the poking plate is connected to the outer wall of the base in a sleeved mode through the vertical groove in the middle baffle plate and the vertical key in the base, the vertical key is used for limiting the vertical groove at the upper end and the lower end, the annular clamping groove is formed in the lower end of the poking plate, meanwhile, the buckles start to slide in the annular clamping groove, and meanwhile, the poking plate starts to do up-and-down fluctuating vibration motion around the axis of the base (shown in figures 2 and 3), smashed solid particles cannot be adhered to the surface of the poking plate under the high-temperature condition after smashing, a certain heat dissipation effect is achieved, and the unloading process is smoother; when solid waste is crushed by the blades, the crushed waste flies out of a material returning hole in the side wall of the crushing kettle (as shown in figure 6), baffles are arranged at the edge and in the middle of the stirring plate (namely the inner diameter profile close to the base) (as shown in figure 6) and just fall into the stirring plate below the stirring plate, and at the moment, waste powder is driven by the wave motion of the stirring plate to slide into a discharge opening (as shown in figure 5) and then fall into a discharge hopper below the discharge opening (as shown in figure 5); meanwhile, the uncrushed solid falls into a pit (positioned at the lower side of a material returning hole) of the crushing kettle due to gravity, the stirring blade scrapes small waste solids which are not crushed completely again, and the small waste solids are cut by a blade rotating in the direction opposite to that of the stirring blade so as to be crushed again; at the same time, the top cover is in an unfolded state, and the release plate is in a closed state (which is an initial state of a normal crushing stage); in addition, the feeding process comprises the following steps: when the carrying weight of the discharge hopper below the discharge opening exceeds a critical value, the discharge hopper begins to sink under the action of gravity, the other end of the rocker arm rises (as shown in figure 7), the top plate rises at the moment, the top plate pushes the displacement plate to slide upwards, because a gear hole formed in the middle of the displacement plate is not full-tooth, the third gear cannot be driven to rotate in the initial motion stage, the release plate is in a closed state under the tension of a tension spring (as shown in figures 2 and 4), but the displacement plate drives the sliding plate to move upwards at the moment, the top cover begins to rotate and close around a shaft fixed on the side wall of the crushing kettle under the action of gravity when the sliding plate moves upwards, the outer straight section part slides rightwards relative to the upper tank body to compensate the transverse displacement generated during overturning, the top cover pulls the sliding plate to slide inwards, when the top cover covers the crushing kettle, the discharge hopper descends, at the moment, teeth in the gear holes start to drive the third gear to rotate (the top cover is covered first and then the release plate is driven to expand, so that the high-speed rotating wastes in the stirring process can be prevented from flying out to hurt people), meanwhile, the deflector rod meshed with two sides of the third gear drive the deflector rod to start to move outwards by overcoming the tensile force of the tension spring, the deflector rod pulls the release plate fixedly connected with the deflector rod to expand, so that the solid wastes which start to be placed fall into the crushing kettle, when the discharge hopper descends to the lowest position, the whole gravity center of the wastes in the discharge hopper always moves towards the discharge opening along the bottom plate of the discharge hopper, and simultaneously, the discharge hopper instantaneously rotates around a hinge hinged with a rocker arm to discharge once (as shown in figure 7, it needs to be noted that the complete discharging degree of the discharge hopper is related to the horizontal upward inclination angle in the material receiving process of the discharge hopper, and the upward inclination angle of the discharge hopper is larger theoretically, the angle that deflects can be big more, and its discharge opening time down can be long more, and it can be more thorough to unload, and the common sense is not repeated, and the gravity that the discharge hopper received rocking arm rear end structure this moment rises once more, and the in-process that rises, discharge hopper reconversion, the mechanism downstream of the rocking arm other end, direction of motion this moment and rising are opposite, and the release board can receive extension spring pulling force earlier this moment to close, and then the top cap is opened, forms complete circulation system this moment, carries out the material loading again.

According to the invention, the crushing kettle and the blades are matched with each other to crush the solid waste, and the material returning holes in the crushing kettle are used for selective filtration, so that the solid crushed material which meets the requirements only after being crushed can be discharged, thereby effectively solving the problems of different crushing sizes and trouble in the treatment and processing of the next process; secondly, the blades and the stirring blades move oppositely through the matching of the first gear, the fourth gear, the second belt wheel and the first belt wheel, so that small waste solids which are not crushed to meet the requirements are crushed for the second time, and the problem that small-particle solid waste is difficult to treat for the second time is solved; the stirring plate carries out wave motion around the base through the matching of the annular clamping grooves on the stirring plate and the disturbance plate and the buckles with different lengths which are changed in sequence, so that the problem that the solid waste cannot be effectively collected after being hung on a wall after being crushed and the dryness of the solid waste cannot meet the requirement is solved; the discharging hopper is used for achieving a certain relation with the feeding through the action between the rocker arm and the releasing plate and the top cover at the upper end of the crushing kettle, the crushing kettle is always in a closed state in the feeding process through the repulsive relation between the releasing plate and the top cover, the problem that the equipment is blocked and the equipment load is increased due to the fact that the crushing kettle is not completely crushed at one time is effectively solved, the crushing kettle cannot be in an open state in the feeding process, and the problem that the danger of construction personnel is increased due to the fact that the solid waste is overflowed in the crushing process is solved.

As a further scheme of the invention, the driving shaft is coaxially fixed with the motor, so that the equipment has multiple driving sources and has wider practicability.

As a further scheme of the invention, the high-speed shaft is connected with the driving shaft through the first belt, so that the phenomenon that the equipment is locked due to misoperation is effectively avoided, and the belt driving can release crushing pressure through slipping at the moment, so that the equipment is effectively prevented from being damaged.

As a further scheme of the invention, the annular clamping groove and the buckle are made of antifriction materials, so that the abrasion is reduced, and the energy consumption is reduced.

As a further scheme of the invention, the release plate is made of antifriction materials, so that the energy consumption of the equipment is reduced.

As a further scheme of the invention, a reinforcing block is fixed at the sliding connection part of the displacement plate and the sliding plate, so that a local stress point is firmer, and the work progress is not easy to damage and increase.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the mutual matching of the crushing kettle and the blades is adopted to crush the solid wastes, and the material returning holes on the crushing kettle are used for selective filtration, so that only the crushed solid materials meeting the requirements can be discharged, and the problems of different crushing sizes and trouble in the treatment and processing of the next procedure are effectively solved; secondly, the blades and the stirring blades move oppositely through the matching of the first gear, the fourth gear, the second belt wheel and the first belt wheel, so that small waste solids which are not crushed to meet the requirements are crushed for the second time, and the problem that small-particle solid waste is difficult to treat for the second time is solved; the stirring plate carries out wave motion around the base through the matching of the annular clamping grooves on the stirring plate and the disturbance plate and the buckles with different lengths which are changed in sequence, so that the problem that the solid waste cannot be effectively collected after being hung on a wall after being crushed and the dryness of the solid waste cannot meet the requirement is solved; the discharging hopper is used for achieving a certain relation with the feeding through the action between the rocker arm and the releasing plate and the top cover at the upper end of the crushing kettle, the crushing kettle is always in a closed state in the feeding process through the repulsive relation between the releasing plate and the top cover, the problem that the equipment is blocked and the equipment load is increased due to the fact that the crushing kettle is not completely crushed at one time is effectively solved, the crushing kettle cannot be in an open state in the feeding process, and the problem that the danger of construction personnel is increased due to the fact that the solid waste is overflowed in the crushing process is solved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a rear right sectional view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure at A in FIG. 2 according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of FIG. 2 at B in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a perturbation plate structure according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a left front elevation section angle configuration of the present invention; (hidden roof)

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the right side bottom view of the present invention (hidden top cover).

In the drawings, the components represented by the respective reference numerals are listed below:

11-base, 12-base, 13-crushing kettle, 14-mounting plate, 15-top cover, 16-material returning hole, 2-crushing mechanism, 21-high speed shaft, 22-blade, 23-first belt wheel, 24-first gear, 25-stirring shaft, 26-stirring blade, 3-discharging mechanism, 31-stirring plate, 32-vertical groove, 33-vertical key, 34-annular clamping groove, 35-disturbing plate, 36-discharging opening, 37-buckle, 38-second gear, 4-releasing mechanism, 41-discharging hopper, 42-rocker arm, 43-top plate, 44-displacement plate, 45-bracket, 46-stirring rod, 47-third gear, 48-gear hole, 49-sliding plate, 50-releasing plate, 51-stretching spring, 52-compressing spring, 6-transmission mechanism, 61-first belt, 62-fourth gear, 63-fifth gear, 64-driving shaft, 65-second belt wheel.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-6, the present invention provides a technical solution: the utility model provides an organic solid waste processing apparatus, which comprises a motor 10, base 11, base 12, crushing cauldron 13, mounting panel 14 and

top cap

15, 12 fixed connection on the base are 11, crushing cauldron 13 fixed connection is in 12 upper ends of base, crushing cauldron 13 is circular arc bottom surface undercut, 14 horizontal fixed connection of mounting panel are at crushing cauldron 13 outer wall, crushing cauldron 13 has seted up a plurality of irregular material returned holes 16 at 14 lower extreme lateral walls of mounting panel, top cap 15 rotates through the round pin axle to be connected at crushing cauldron 13 outer wall, its characterized in that: the crushing device comprises a crushing mechanism 2, a discharging mechanism 3, a releasing mechanism 4 and a transmission mechanism 6, wherein the crushing mechanism 2 is coaxially and rotatably connected to the center of a crushing kettle 13 through a high-speed shaft 21, the discharging mechanism 3 is sleeved on the outer wall of a base 12, the releasing mechanism 4 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the base 12 through a pin, and the transmission mechanism 6 is fixedly arranged at the upper end of a base 11;

the crushing mechanism 2 comprises a plurality of blades 22, two groups of the blades 22 are staggered in an equal angle manner and are uniformly and fixedly connected to the upper end of a high-speed shaft 21, the high-speed shaft 21 penetrates through the crushing kettle 13 and is coaxially and rotatably connected to the inner wall of a stirring shaft 25, the bottom end of the high-speed shaft 21 is rotatably connected to the upper end of a base 11, the high-speed shaft 21 is close to the upper end of the base 11 and is fixedly connected with a first gear 24, the stirring shaft 25 penetrates through the crushing kettle 13 and is coaxially and rotatably connected to the center of the crushing kettle 13, the stirring shaft 25 penetrates through the upper end of the crushing kettle 13 and is fixedly connected with two stirring blades 26 which are uniformly arranged in an equal angle manner, and one end of the stirring shaft 25 close to the first gear 24 is coaxially and fixedly connected with a first belt pulley 23;

the discharging mechanism 3 comprises a poking plate 31, baffle plates are arranged on the outer edge and the inner diameter edge of the poking plate 31, a discharging opening 36 is formed in the position, close to the edge baffle plate, of the poking plate 31, the poking plate 31 is connected to the outer wall of the base 12 in a sleeved mode through a vertical groove 32 in the middle baffle plate and a vertical key 33 in the base 12, the vertical groove 32 is limited by the upper end and the lower end of the vertical key 33, an annular clamping groove 34 is formed in the lower end of the poking plate 31, a disturbing plate 35 is rotatably arranged on the outer wall of the base 12 below the poking plate 31, a plurality of buckles 37 with different heights, uniform lengths and uniform angles are fixedly connected to the upper end face of the disturbing plate 35 around the axis uniformly, the buckles 37 are in corresponding sliding connection with the clamping grooves 34, and a second gear 38 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the disturbing plate 35 coaxially;

the releasing mechanism 4 comprises a discharging hopper 41, the discharging hopper 41 is positioned at the lower end of the discharging opening 36 and is rotationally connected with the outer wall of the base 12 through a rocker arm 42, one end of the rocker arm 42 is hinged at the lower end of the discharging hopper 41, the other end of the rocker arm is rotationally connected with one end of a top plate 43 through a pin and a long circular hole on the rocker arm 42, the middle of the rocker arm 42 is rotationally connected with the side wall of the base 12 through a pin fixed on the outer wall of the base 12, the other end of the top plate 43 is hinged at one end of a displacement plate 44, the displacement plate 44 is slidably connected with the side walls of two groups of symmetrically arranged brackets 45 through the long circular hole and a circular rod, the two groups of symmetrical brackets 45 are fixedly connected at the upper end of the mounting plate 14, two deflector rods 46 which transversely penetrate through and are slidably connected with the side wall of the bracket 45 are symmetrically arranged at one end of the bracket 45 close to the axis of the mounting plate 14, teeth are arranged on opposite surfaces of the deflector rods 46, the driving levers 46 are semicircular plates, four extension springs 51 are fixedly connected between two ends of each driving lever 46 and the support 45, two symmetrical release plates 50 are fixedly connected between the two driving levers 46 through two symmetrical pins, the two release plates 50 are horizontally and slidably connected into holes in the side wall of the crushing kettle 13, two third gears 47 are meshed between the two driving levers 46, the two third gears 47 are symmetrically and rotatably connected to the outer wall of the crushing kettle 13, one of the third gears 47 penetrates through the displacement plate 44 and is meshed into a gear hole 48 in the displacement plate 44, the upper end of the gear hole 48 is of a toothless half-rack structure, a sliding plate 49 is sleeved in a middle long through hole in the upper end of the displacement plate 44, a compression spring 52 is fixedly arranged between the lower side of the sliding plate 49 and the long through hole, and the sliding plate 49 is rotatably connected to one end of the top cover 15 through a bolt;

the transmission mechanism 6 comprises a first belt 61, a fourth gear 62, a fifth gear 63, a driving shaft 64 and a second belt wheel 65, the driving shaft 64 is rotatably connected to the upper end of the base 11, the driving shaft 64 is sequentially and coaxially and fixedly connected with the fourth gear 62, the second belt wheel 65 and the fifth gear 63 from bottom to top, the first belt 61 is sleeved on the outer sides of the first belt wheel 23 and the second belt wheel 65, the fourth gear 62 is meshed with the first gear 24, the fifth gear 63 is meshed with the second gear 38, and an output shaft of the motor 10 is fixedly connected to one end of the driving shaft 64.

Aiming at solving the problems of the prior methods for treating solid wastes, such as composting method, incineration, sanitary landfill, plasma treatment, thermal desorption, on-site vitrification and the like, the methods have various disadvantages, and some methods even easily generate secondary pollution; the method needs a waste treatment device, the traditional waste treatment has simple structure and low treatment efficiency, and meanwhile, secondary pollution such as gas and the like can be generated sometimes when solid waste is treated; some devices adopt symmetrically arranged crushing rollers for occlusion crushing, the crushing mode is a tearing mode, only large fixed wastes can be treated into small blocks, solid wastes cannot be completely pulverized, and hard solids can fly out due to an open feeding port in the crushing process, so that safety accidents are caused; in addition, because the feeding is manually filled, the phenomenon of blocking and overloading can occur, and the crushing roller needs to be reversely rotated and released, thereby wasting time; the dryness of the fixed waste is not strong enough, and some devices are used for spraying sterilization liquid after being crushed, so that the crushed solid is bonded and cleaned poorly, and the sterilization effect is poor due to the incomplete crushing that the antibacterial liquid cannot reach the middle of the fragments.

When the stirring device is used, the motor is started to drive the driving shaft 64 to rotate, solid wastes are put into the stirring kettle 13, the driving shaft 64 rotates to drive the second belt wheel 65, the fourth gear 62 and the fifth gear 63 which are fixed on the driving shaft to rotate, the second belt wheel 65 drives the first belt wheel 23 to rotate in the same direction through the first belt 61, at the moment, the first belt wheel 23 drives the stirring shaft 25 to rotate, and the stirring shaft 25 drives the stirring blades 26 to rotate (as shown in figure 6); meanwhile, the fourth gear 62 drives the first gear 24 to rotate in the opposite direction, the first gear 24 drives the high-speed shaft 21 to rotate, and at this time, the high-speed shaft 21 drives the blades 22 to rotate (as shown in fig. 2); meanwhile, the rotation direction of the blades 22 is opposite to that of the stirring blades 26 (as shown in fig. 2), so that the stirring efficiency can be improved; meanwhile, the fifth gear 63 drives the second gear 38 engaged with the outside to rotate, meanwhile, the second gear 38 drives the disturbing plate 35 to rotate around the base 12, because the upper end of the disturbing plate 35 is fixed with the buckles 37 (as shown in fig. 5) with different lengths and gradually changed in sequence, because the poking plate 31 is sleeved on the outer wall of the base 12 through the vertical groove 32 on the middle baffle and the vertical key 33 on the base 12, the vertical groove 32 is limited by the upper end and the lower end of the vertical key 33, the lower end of the poking plate 31 is provided with the annular clamping groove 34, meanwhile, the buckles 37 start to slide in the annular clamping groove 34, and meanwhile, the poking plate 31 starts to do wave up-and-down vibration motion around the axis of the base 12 (as shown in fig. 2 and 3, through up-and-down vibration of the poking plate 31, crushed solid particles cannot be adhered to the surface of the poking plate 31 under the high-temperature condition after crushing, a certain heat dissipation effect is also achieved, and the discharging process is smoother); after the solid waste is crushed by the blades 22, the crushed waste flies out from the material returning holes 16 on the side wall of the crushing kettle 13 (as shown in fig. 6), the edge and the middle of the poking plate 31 (i.e. the inner diameter profile close to the base 12) are provided with baffles (as shown in fig. 6) and just fall onto the poking plate 31 below, and at the moment, waste powder is driven by the wave motion of the poking plate 31 to slide into the discharge opening 36 (as shown in fig. 5) so as to fall into the discharge hopper 41 below the discharge opening 36 (as shown in fig. 5); meanwhile, the uncrushed solid falls into a pit (positioned at the lower side of the material returning hole 16) of the crushing kettle 13 due to gravity, meanwhile, the stirring blade 26 scrapes small uncrushed waste solids again, and the small waste solids are cut by the blade 22 rotating in the opposite direction to the stirring blade 26 so as to be crushed again; at the same time, the top cover 15 is in the unfolded state, and the release plate 50 is in the closed state (this is the initial state of the normal crushing stage); in addition, the feeding process comprises the following steps: when the weight carried by the discharge hopper 41 below the discharge opening 36 exceeds a critical value, the discharge hopper 41 begins to sink under the action of gravity, the other end of the rocker arm 42 rises (as shown in fig. 7), the top plate 43 rises, the top plate 43 pushes the displacement plate 44 to slide upwards, because the gear hole 48 formed in the middle of the displacement plate is not full-tooth, the third gear 47 cannot be driven to rotate in the initial motion stage, the release plate 50 is in a closed state (as shown in fig. 2 and 4) under the pulling force of the tension spring 51, but the displacement plate 44 drives the sliding plate 49 to move upwards, when the sliding plate 49 moves upwards, the top cover 15 begins to rotate and close around the shaft fixed on the side wall of the crushing kettle 13 under the action of gravity (when the outer straight section of the sliding plate 49 slides rightwards relative to the upper chute body 44 to compensate the transverse displacement generated when the top cover 15 turns), and the sliding plate 49 pulls the sliding plate 49 to slide inwards, when the top cover 15 covers the pulverizing still 13, the teeth in the gear holes start to drive the third gear 47 to rotate (the advantage of the top cover 15 covering first and then driving the releasing plate 50 to expand can prevent the wastes rotating at high speed from flying out and hurting people during stirring) along with the descending of the discharging hopper 41, meanwhile, the third gear 47 drives the shift lever 46 engaged at two sides to start moving outwards against the pulling force of the tension spring 51, the shift lever 46 pulls the releasing plate 50 fixedly connected with the shift lever 46 to expand, so that the solid wastes which start to be placed fall into the pulverizing still 13, when the discharging hopper 41 descends to the lowest position, the whole gravity center of the wastes in the discharging hopper 41 always moves towards the discharging opening along the bottom plate of the discharging hopper 41, and simultaneously, the discharging hopper 41 instantaneously rotates around the hinge hinged with the rocker arm 42 to discharge for one time (as shown in fig. 7, the thorough degree of unloading of discharge hopper 41 and the ascending inclination of level that discharge hopper 41 connects the material in-process are relevant, the ascending inclination of discharge hopper 41 is the bigger in theory, the angle of deflection can be bigger, the time that its discharge opening is down can be longer, it can be more thorough to unload, general knowledge, do not describe repeatedly), discharge hopper 41 receives the gravity of rocking arm 42 rear end structure to rise again this moment, the in-process that rises, discharge hopper 41 reconversion again, the mechanism downstream of the rocking arm 42 other end, the direction of motion is opposite with rising this moment, release plate 50 can receive extension spring 51 pulling force earlier this moment, thereby close, and top cap 15 opens again, form complete circulation system this moment, carry out the material loading again.

The invention uses the mutual cooperation of the crushing kettle 13 and the blades 22 to crush the solid waste, and selectively filters through the material returning holes 16 on the crushing kettle 13, so that the solid crushed material which meets the requirements can be unloaded only after being crushed, thereby effectively solving the problems of different crushing sizes and troubles to the treatment and processing of the next procedure; secondly, the blades 22 and the stirring blades 26 move oppositely through the matching of the first gear 24 and the fourth gear 62, the second belt wheel 65 and the first belt wheel 23, so that small waste solids which are not crushed to meet the requirements are crushed for 2 times, and the problem that small-particle solid waste is not easy to be secondarily treated is solved; then, the annular clamping grooves 34 on the poking plate 31 and the disturbing plate 35 are matched with the buckles 37 with different lengths which are changed in sequence, so that the poking plate 31 can move in a wave mode around the base 12, and the problem that the solid waste cannot be effectively collected after being smashed by hanging on a wall is solved; the discharging hopper 41 acts between the release plate 50 and the top cover 15 at the upper end of the crushing kettle through the rocker arm, so that discharging and feeding are in certain relation, and the crushing kettle 13 is always in a closed state in the feeding process through the repulsion relation between the release plate 50 and the top cover 15, so that the problem that excessive one-time crushing is caused, the equipment is blocked and the equipment load is increased due to incomplete discharging is effectively solved, the crushing kettle 13 cannot be in an open state in the feeding process, and the danger problem that the solid waste is broken out and increases constructors is never solved.

As a further scheme of the invention, the driving shaft 64 is coaxially fixed with a motor, so that the equipment has multiple driving sources and wider practicability.

As a further scheme of the invention, the high-speed shaft 21 and the driving shaft 64 are connected by the first belt 61, so that the phenomenon that the equipment is locked due to misoperation is effectively avoided, and the belt drive can release crushing pressure through slipping at the moment, and the damage to the equipment is effectively avoided.

As a further scheme of the invention, the annular clamping groove 34 and the buckle 37 are made of antifriction materials, so that the abrasion is reduced, and the energy consumption is also reduced.

As a further aspect of the present invention, the release plate 50 is a friction reducing material, reducing the energy consumption of the device.

As a further scheme of the invention, a reinforcing block is fixed at the sliding connection part of the displacement plate 44 and the sliding plate 49, so that the local stress point is firmer and is not easy to damage, and the working progress is increased.

One specific application of this embodiment is: when the stirring device is used, the motor is started to drive the driving shaft 64 to rotate, solid wastes are put into the stirring kettle 13, the driving shaft 64 rotates to drive the second belt wheel 65, the fourth gear 62 and the fifth gear 63 which are fixed on the driving shaft to rotate, the second belt wheel 65 drives the first belt wheel 23 to rotate in the same direction through the first belt 61, at the moment, the first belt wheel 23 drives the stirring shaft 25 to rotate, and the stirring shaft 25 drives the stirring blades 26 to rotate (as shown in figure 6); meanwhile, the fourth gear 62 drives the first gear 24 to rotate in the opposite direction, the first gear 24 drives the high-speed shaft 21 to rotate, and at this time, the high-speed shaft 21 drives the blades 22 to rotate (as shown in fig. 2); meanwhile, the rotation direction of the blades 22 is opposite to that of the stirring blades 26 (as shown in fig. 2), so that the stirring efficiency can be improved; meanwhile, the fifth gear 63 drives the second gear 38 engaged with the outside to rotate, meanwhile, the second gear 38 drives the disturbance plate 35 to rotate around the base 12, because the upper end of the disturbance plate 35 is fixed with the buckles 37 (as shown in fig. 5) with different and gradually-changed lengths, because the toggle plate 31 is sleeved on the outer wall of the base 12 through the vertical groove 32 on the middle baffle and the vertical key 33 on the base 12, the vertical groove 32 is limited by the upper end and the lower end of the vertical key 33, the lower end of the toggle plate 31 is provided with the annular clamping groove 34, meanwhile, the buckles 37 start to slide in the annular clamping groove 34, and simultaneously, the toggle plate 31 starts to do wave up-and-down vibration motion around the axis of the base 12 (as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the smashed solid particles cannot be adhered to the surface of the toggle plate 31 under the high-temperature condition after smashing, and a certain heat dissipation effect is also played, so that the unloading process is smoother); after the solid waste is crushed by the blades 22, the crushed waste flies out from the material returning holes 16 on the side wall of the crushing kettle 13 (as shown in fig. 6), the edge and the middle of the poking plate 31 (i.e. the inner diameter profile close to the base 12) are provided with baffles (as shown in fig. 6) and just fall onto the poking plate 31 below, and at the moment, waste powder is driven by the wave motion of the poking plate 31 to slide into the discharge opening 36 (as shown in fig. 5) so as to fall into the discharge hopper 41 below the discharge opening 36 (as shown in fig. 5); meanwhile, the uncrushed solids fall into a pit (positioned at the lower side of the material returning hole 16) of the crushing kettle 13 due to gravity, the stirring blade 26 scrapes up the small uncrushed waste solids again, and the small uncrushed waste solids are cut by the blade 22 rotating in the direction opposite to that of the stirring blade 26 so as to be crushed again; at the same time, the top cover 15 is in the unfolded state, and the release plate 50 is in the closed state (this is the initial state of the normal crushing stage); in addition, the feeding process comprises the following steps: when the weight carried by the discharge hopper 41 below the discharge opening 36 exceeds a critical value, the discharge hopper 41 begins to sink under the action of gravity, the other end of the rocker arm 42 rises (as shown in fig. 7), the top plate 43 rises, the top plate 43 pushes the displacement plate 44 to slide upwards, because the gear hole 48 formed in the middle of the displacement plate is not full-tooth, the third gear 47 cannot be driven to rotate in the initial motion stage, the release plate 50 is in a closed state (as shown in fig. 2 and 4) under the pulling force of the tension spring 51, but the displacement plate 44 drives the sliding plate 49 to move upwards, when the sliding plate 49 moves upwards, the top cover 15 begins to rotate and close around the shaft fixed on the side wall of the crushing kettle 13 under the action of gravity (when the outer straight section of the sliding plate 49 slides rightwards relative to the upper chute body 44 to compensate the transverse displacement generated when the top cover 15 turns), and the sliding plate 49 pulls the sliding plate 49 to slide inwards, when the top cover 15 covers the pulverizing still 13, the teeth in the gear holes start to drive the third gear 47 to rotate (the advantage of the top cover 15 covering first and then driving the releasing plate 50 to expand can prevent the wastes rotating at high speed from flying out and hurting people during stirring) along with the descending of the discharging hopper 41, meanwhile, the third gear 47 drives the shift lever 46 engaged at two sides to start moving outwards against the pulling force of the tension spring 51, the shift lever 46 pulls the releasing plate 50 fixedly connected with the shift lever 46 to expand, so that the solid wastes which start to be placed fall into the pulverizing still 13, when the discharging hopper 41 descends to the lowest position, the whole gravity center of the wastes in the discharging hopper 41 always moves towards the discharging opening along the bottom plate of the discharging hopper 41, and simultaneously, the discharging hopper 41 instantaneously rotates around the hinge hinged with the rocker arm 42 to discharge for one time (as shown in fig. 7, the thorough degree of unloading of discharge hopper 41 and the ascending inclination of level that discharge hopper 41 connects the material in-process are relevant, the ascending inclination of discharge hopper 41 is the bigger in theory, the angle of deflection can be bigger, the time that its discharge opening is down can be longer, it can be more thorough to unload, general knowledge, do not describe repeatedly), discharge hopper 41 receives the gravity of rocking arm 42 rear end structure to rise again this moment, the in-process that rises, discharge hopper 41 reconversion again, the mechanism downstream of the rocking arm 42 other end, the direction of motion is opposite with rising this moment, release plate 50 can receive extension spring 51 pulling force earlier this moment, thereby close, and top cap 15 opens again, form complete circulation system this moment, carry out the material loading again.

In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended to be illustrative only. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an organic solid waste processing apparatus, includes motor (10), base (11), base (12), crushing cauldron (13), mounting panel (14), top cap (15) and material returned hole (16), base (12) fixed connection is in base (11) upper end, and crushing cauldron (13) fixed connection is in base (12) upper end, it is circular arc bottom surface undercut to smash cauldron (13), mounting panel (14) horizontal fixed connection is at crushing cauldron (13) outer wall, crushing cauldron (13) have seted up a plurality of irregular material returned holes (16) at mounting panel (14) lower extreme lateral wall, and top cap (15) rotate through the round pin axle and connect at crushing cauldron (13) outer wall, its characterized in that: the crushing device comprises a crushing mechanism (2), a discharging mechanism (3), a releasing mechanism (4) and a transmission mechanism (6), wherein the crushing mechanism (2) is coaxially and rotatably connected to the center of a crushing kettle (13) through a high-speed shaft (21), the discharging mechanism (3) is sleeved on the outer wall of a base (12), the releasing mechanism (4) is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the base (12) through a pin, and the transmission mechanism (6) is fixedly installed at the upper end of the base (11);

the crushing mechanism (2) comprises a plurality of blades (22), the blades (22) are uniformly and fixedly connected to the upper end of a high-speed shaft (21) in a staggered and equiangular manner from top to bottom, the high-speed shaft (21) penetrates through a crushing kettle (13) and is coaxially and rotatably connected to the inner wall of a stirring shaft (25), the bottom end of the high-speed shaft (21) is rotatably connected to the upper end of a base (11), the high-speed shaft (21) is close to the upper end of the base (11) and is fixedly connected with a first gear (24), the stirring shaft (25) penetrates through the crushing kettle (13) and is coaxially and rotatably connected to the center of the crushing kettle (13), the stirring shaft (25) penetrates through the upper end of the crushing kettle (13) and is fixedly connected with two stirring blades (26) which are uniformly arranged in an equiangular manner, and one end, close to the first gear (24), of the stirring shaft (25) is coaxially and is fixedly connected with a first belt pulley (23);

the discharging mechanism (3) comprises a poking plate (31), baffles are arranged on the outer edge and the inner diameter edge of the poking plate (31), a discharging opening (36) is formed in the position, close to the edge baffles, of the poking plate (31), the poking plate (31) is connected to the outer wall of the base (12) in a sleeved mode through a vertical groove (32) in the middle baffle and a vertical key (33) in the base (12), the vertical groove (32) is limited at the upper end and the lower end of the vertical key (33), an annular clamping groove (34) is formed in the lower end of the poking plate (31), a disturbing plate (35) is rotatably arranged on the outer wall of the base (12) and is arranged below the poking plate (31), a plurality of buckles (37) which are uniform in height and different in length are fixedly connected to the upper end face of the disturbing plate (35) at equal angles uniformly around an axis, the buckles (37) are correspondingly connected with the annular clamping groove (34) in a sliding mode, and a second gear (38) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the disturbing plate (35) in a coaxial mode;

the release mechanism (4) comprises a discharge hopper (41), the discharge hopper (41) is positioned at the lower end of a discharge port (36) and is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the base (12) through a rocker arm (42), one end of the rocker arm (42) is hinged to the lower end of the discharge hopper (41), the other end of the rocker arm is rotatably connected with one end of a top plate (43) through a pin and a long circular hole on the rocker arm (42), the middle of the rocker arm (42) is rotatably connected to the side wall of the base (12) through a pin fixed to the outer wall of the base (12), the other end of the top plate (43) is hinged to one end of a displacement plate (44), the displacement plate (44) is slidably connected to the side walls of two groups of symmetrically arranged supports (45) through long circular holes and circular rods, the two groups of symmetrically arranged supports (45) are fixedly connected to the upper end of a mounting plate (14), one end of each support (45) close to the mounting plate (14) is provided with two deflector rods (46) which transversely penetrate through the axis of the crushing kettle (13) and are slidably connected to the side walls of the support (45), the deflector rods (46) are provided with teeth on opposite to each other, the deflector rods (46), the deflector rod (46) are semicircular plates, the two deflector rods (51) are connected to two springs symmetrically arranged between the middle of the two springs (46) fixed to the two springs (50), the two release plates (50) are horizontally and slidably connected into holes in the side wall of the crushing kettle (13), two third gears (47) are meshed between the two shift levers (46), the two third gears (47) are symmetrically and rotatably connected to the outer wall of the crushing kettle (13), one of the third gears (47) penetrates through the displacement plate (44) and is meshed into a gear hole (48) in the displacement plate (44), the upper end of the gear hole (48) is of a toothless half-rack structure, a sliding plate (49) is sleeved in a long through hole in the middle of the upper end of the displacement plate (44), a compression spring (52) is fixedly arranged between the lower part of the sliding plate (49) and the long through hole, and the sliding plate (49) is rotatably connected to one end of the top cover (15) through a bolt;

drive mechanism (6) include first belt (61), fourth gear (62), fifth gear (63), drive shaft (64) and second band pulley (65), drive shaft (64) rotate to be connected in base (11) upper end, drive shaft (64) are in proper order by lower to upper coaxial fixedly connected with fourth gear (62), second band pulley (65) and fifth gear (63), first belt (61) cover is established in first band pulley (23) and second band pulley (65) outside, fourth gear (62) and first gear (24) meshing, fifth gear (63) and second gear (38) meshing, motor (10) output shaft fixed connection is in drive shaft (64) one end.

2. The organic solid waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the driving shaft (64) is coaxially fixed with a motor.

3. The organic solid waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the high-speed shaft (21) and the drive shaft (64) are connected by a first belt (61).

4. The organic solid waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the annular clamping groove (34) and the buckle (37) are made of antifriction materials.

5. The organic solid waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the release plate (50) is a friction reducing material.

6. The organic solid waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: and a reinforcing block is fixed at the sliding connection part of the displacement plate (44) and the sliding plate (49).