CN112273306A - Dirt collecting type reef fish ecological breeding fish nest and annular fish nest used by same - Google Patents

Dirt collecting type reef fish ecological breeding fish nest and annular fish nest used by same Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112273306A
CN112273306A CN202011415395.3A CN202011415395A CN112273306A CN 112273306 A CN112273306 A CN 112273306A CN 202011415395 A CN202011415395 A CN 202011415395A CN 112273306 A CN112273306 A CN 112273306A
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Prior art keywords
fish
sewage
nest
fish nest
annular
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CN202011415395.3A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN112273306B (en
Inventor
贾超峰
祝斐
孟乾
高波
孙瑞建
张志勇
张志伟
陈淑吟
冯卫
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JIANGSU MARINE FISHERIES RESEARCH INSTITUTE
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JIANGSU MARINE FISHERIES RESEARCH INSTITUTE
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Priority to CN202011415395.3A priority Critical patent/CN112273306B/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/70Artificial fishing banks or reefs
    • A01K61/73Artificial fishing banks or reefs assembled of components
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/70Artificial fishing banks or reefs
    • A01K61/75Artificial fishing banks or reefs floating
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Artificial Fish Reefs (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a sewage collecting type reef fish ecological breeding fish nest which comprises a plurality of annular fish nests, a floating ball, a lifting rope, a floating valve, a rope, a sewage collecting funnel and a sewage discharge pipe, wherein the plurality of annular fish nests are sequentially stacked from top to bottom; the float valve is arranged in a funnel of the sewage collecting funnel, a plurality of ropes which are dispersedly arranged are connected between the lower end of the float valve and the inner wall of the funnel, the upper end of each rope is fixedly connected with the lower end of the float valve, and the lower end of each rope is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the funnel. The invention provides a good inhabitation environment for reefs by utilizing the bionics principle, reduces the self-residual phenomenon, reduces the stress effect of high density on the cultured objects, and improves the growth speed and the disease resistance of the cultured objects.

Description

Dirt collecting type reef fish ecological breeding fish nest and annular fish nest used by same
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, and particularly relates to an annular fish nest and a dirt collecting type reef fish ecological breeding fish nest using the same.
Background
Reefs of fishes such as black porgy, red-fin Lutjanus argentum, sebastes schlegeli and the like have high edible value, so that the reefs of fishes become hot varieties for mariculture in recent years. The reef fishes like hiding in reef caves and gaps, are mostly in field and aggressive, and are easy to generate self-mutilation under the condition of artificial culture, so that the survival rate is reduced. In addition, intensive high-density culture has become the development direction of aquaculture industry, but intensive high-density culture has a strong stress effect on cultured objects, which is particularly obvious in reef fish culture, so that the growth speed of the reef fish culture is reduced, and the disease resistance of the reef fish culture is reduced. Pond culture is still the main mode of present mariculture, and this mode cultivation output is lower and pollute seriously, and how to improve pond culture density, reduce the water pollution in the pond culture in-process, reduce the important problem that breed sewage discharge also becomes to solve urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing an annular fish nest and a dirt collecting type reef fish ecological culture fish nest using the same.
In order to solve the technical problems, the embodiment of the invention provides a sewage collecting type reef fish ecological breeding fish nest which comprises a plurality of annular fish nests, a floating ball, a lifting rope, a floating valve, a rope, a sewage collecting funnel and a sewage discharge pipe, wherein the plurality of annular fish nests are sequentially stacked from top to bottom, the upper part of the annular fish nest at the uppermost end is connected with the floating ball through the lifting rope, the upper end of the sewage collecting funnel is fixedly connected with the lower end of the annular fish nest at the lowermost end, the sewage collecting funnel is arranged around the lower part of the outer side of a sewage discharge area of the annular fish nests, and the lower end of the sewage collecting funnel is communicated with the sewage discharge pipe;
the utility model discloses a dirty funnel of collection, including float valve, the lower extreme of float valve and funnel inner wall are connected with the rope that many dispersions set up, the upper end of rope and the lower extreme fixed connection of float valve, the inner wall fixed connection of lower extreme and funnel.
Wherein, the annular fish nests of the upper and lower layers are connected and fixed through a buckle.
Wherein, the float valve is an inverted cone structure with a diamond-shaped section.
Wherein a clearance of 1-3cm is arranged between the lower end of the float valve and the inner wall of the funnel.
Preferably, the dirt collecting funnel comprises an inverted cone-shaped funnel and a straight pipe connected with a lower end opening of the funnel, and the lower end face of the float valve is an arc face internally tangent to the inner wall face of the funnel.
The invention also provides a sewage collecting type reef fish ecological culture system which comprises a plurality of sewage collecting type reef fish ecological culture fish nests, a fish pond, a fixed rope, a sewage discharge pump, a sewage discharge main pipe and a fish blocking net, wherein floating balls of the plurality of sewage collecting type reef fish ecological culture fish nests are connected in series on the fixed rope, and two ends of the fixed rope are fixedly connected with pond stems of the fish pond;
a plurality of the blow off pipe of the ecological fish nest of breeding of dirty formula rocky reef fish connects into the blowdown house steward, the tail end upwarp back port of blowdown house steward sets up blocks the fish net, the head end of blowdown house steward is upwards buckled and is stretched out and link to each other with the dredge pump after the pond.
Wherein, the sewage discharge pipes are connected through a steel wire hose.
The invention also provides an annular fish nest which is formed by connecting a plurality of fish nest units left and right, wherein an inner hole of the annular fish nest is a sewage discharge area;
the fish nest unit is a trapezoidal barrel shell structure with wide outside and narrow inside and an internal opening, the external opening of the fish nest unit is a fish inlet and outlet, and the internal opening is a sewage outlet.
Wherein, the fish nest unit is arranged upwards from inside to outside.
Preferably, the inclination angle of the fish nest unit is 15 degrees.
Wherein the lower edge of the outer opening of the fish nest unit is turned upwards by 0.5-1.5 cm.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. a large amount of fish feces generated in the culture process are the main pollutant sources for pond culture, reef fishes inhabit in a centralized fish nest quietly in a non-ingestion or disturbance state so as to be convenient for concentrated feces and then discharged for concentrated treatment, the water quality control pressure is reduced, and the culture sewage discharge is reduced.
2. The reef fish prefers to hide in the reef cave and the gap, the invention provides a good shielding hiding place for the reef fish by utilizing the bionics principle, better accords with the natural growth environment of the reef fish, reduces the stress effect of high-density culture on the fish, improves the growth speed and the disease resistance, simultaneously reduces the meeting probability of individuals, and reduces the occurrence of self-residual phenomenon.
3. The invention can realize three-dimensional culture, effectively utilizes pond culture space, and can improve culture density and unit yield by 3-7 times compared with the traditional mode.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the structure of a fish nest unit according to the first embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1. a circular fish nest; 101. a fish nest unit; 2. a floating ball; 3. a lifting rope; 4. a float valve; 5. a rope; 6. a sewage collecting funnel; 601. a funnel; 602. a straight pipe; 7. a blow-off pipe; 8. a fish pond; 9. fixing a rope; 10. a sewage pump; 11. a main sewer; 12. a fish blocking net.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a ring-shaped fish nest, which is formed by connecting a plurality of fish nest units 101 from left to right, wherein the fish nest units 101 are arranged obliquely from inside to outside. Preferably, the inclination angle of the fish nest unit 101 is 15 °. The inner hole of the annular fish nest 1 is a sewage draining area 102.
As shown in fig. 2, the fish nest unit 101 is a trapezoidal barrel shell structure with an outer width and an inner width, and an inner opening and an outer opening, the outer opening of the fish nest unit 101 is a fish inlet 103, and the inner opening is a sewage outlet 104. The lower edge of the outer opening of the fish nest unit 101 is turned upwards by 0.5-1.5 cm.
In the embodiment, the fish nest unit is a daily fish habitat, is in a trapezoidal barrel shell structure with wide outside and narrow inside and an opening inside and outside, and is connected with the left and the right to form the annular fish nest. The outer opening of the fish nest unit is a fish movable inlet and outlet, the inner opening is a sewage discharge opening, the outer opening is higher than the inner opening, so that the bottom of the outer opening forms an inclination angle of about 15 degrees, the fish excrement is convenient to discharge, and the lower edge of the outer opening is turned up by about 1cm to form a sewage blocking edge, so that the excrement is prevented from being discharged from the outer opening. The center of the annular fish nest is a sewage discharge area. The size of the fish nest unit and the size of the annular fish nest can be adjusted according to the size of the breeding objects and the requirement of breeding conditions.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 3, this embodiment provides an ecological breed fish nest of dirty formula reef nature fish of collection, including a plurality of cyclic annular fish nests 1, still includes floater 2, lifting rope 3, float valve 4, rope 5, dirty funnel 6 of collection and blow off pipe 7, and is a plurality of cyclic annular fish nest 1 is from last down folding in proper order and establishing, and it is fixed to connect through the buckle between the cyclic annular fish nest 1 of upper and lower floor. The top of the annular fish nest 1 at the top is connected with the floating ball 2 through the lifting rope 3, the upper end of the sewage collection funnel 6 is fixedly connected with the lower end of the annular fish nest 1 at the bottom, the funnel of the sewage collection funnel 6 is arranged below the outer side of a sewage discharge area of the annular fish nest 1 in a surrounding mode, and the lower end of the sewage collection funnel 6 is communicated with the sewage discharge pipe 7.
Dirty funnel 6 of collection includes the funnel 601 of back taper and the straight tube 602 of being connected with port under funnel 601, float valve 4 is located in the funnel 601 of dirty funnel 6 of collection, be connected with many ropes 5 between the lower extreme of float valve 4 and the funnel 601 inner wall, the upper end of rope 5 and the lower extreme fixed connection of float valve 4, the inner wall fixed connection of lower extreme and funnel 601. Preferably, a 1-3cm gap is formed between the lower end of the float valve 4 and the inner wall of the funnel 601, and the lower end surface of the float valve 4 is an arc surface internally tangent to the inner wall surface of the funnel 601.
In this embodiment, the float valve 4 is an inverted cone structure with a diamond-shaped cross section.
The working principle of the embodiment is as follows: the annular fish nests are vertically stacked in a buckling connection and fixing mode (the number of stacked layers can be adjusted according to water depth, habit of breeding objects and the like) to form a three-dimensional barrel-shaped fish nest, and the fish nest is suspended by floating balls above the fish nest to keep the vertical state of the fish nest. The center of the fish nest is a sewage discharge area, and a sewage collection funnel is connected below the sewage discharge area to collect fish feces to a sewage discharge pipe.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 4, this embodiment provides an ecological farming systems of dirty formula reef fish, includes a plurality of ecological farming fish nests of dirty formula reef fish of collection, still includes pond 8, fixed rope 9, dredge pump 10, blowdown house steward 11 and fish blocking net 12, and is a plurality of the floater 2 of the ecological farming fish nests of dirty formula reef fish of collection establishes ties on fixed rope 9 and the both ends of fixed rope 9 and the pond stalk fixed connection of pond 8.
A plurality of the blow off pipe of the ecological fish nest of breeding of collection dirty formula rocky reef nature fish connects into blowdown house steward 11 through steel wire hose, the tail end upwarp back port of blowdown house steward 11 sets up fish blocking net 12, the head end of blowdown house steward 11 upwards buckles and stretches out behind the pond 8 and links to each other with dredge pump 10.
The working principle of the embodiment is as follows: the fish nests are uniformly hung on the middle lower layer of the culture pond, the floating balls are connected in series through the ropes, and then the two ends of each rope are fixed at the pond ridge, so that the excessive displacement of the fish nests caused by wind waves is prevented. The sewage pipes at the lower end of each fish nest are connected by a steel wire hose to keep certain flexibility. One end of the main sewage drainage pipe is upwarped to prevent sewage from being discharged from the end, and the tail end of the main sewage drainage pipe is provided with a fish blocking net to prevent the cultured objects from entering the main sewage drainage pipe; the head end is connected with a sewage pump arranged beside the pond.
After ingestion, the fishes inhabit in the fish nest, and the discharged excrement (generally discharged within 3 hours after ingestion) is collected and deposited on a sewage discharge pipe at the lower end of the fish nest through a sewage discharge outlet, a sewage discharge area and a sewage collection funnel. Open the dredge pump during blowdown, at the effect of blow off pipe negative pressure, fish nest below back taper floating valve is adsorbed at dirty funnel inner wall of collection, plugs up the passageway that leads to the blow off pipe, prevents to go up the blow off pipe and concatenate the fish nest too much or the blowdown distance is far away the time far-end suction of pump weaken, the blowdown effect variation. The discharged sewage can be treated in a centralized way by sedimentation, filtration and the like. When the sewage discharge is stopped, the inverted cone-shaped float valve floats upwards again.
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by taking black porgy culture as an example.
The black porgy is typical reef-like fish, has strong collecting effect on the fish nests designed by the invention, and can live in the fish nest space in a non-ingestion or disturbance state. The black porgy is a carnivorous fish with more fierce habits, and has cannibalistic behavior, in a common pond culture mode, the fry in the year with the total length of about 5cm has stocking density of about 1500 tails/mu, and the stocking density is too high to aggravate the self-disabling behavior, and the fry can be under the high-density stress action for a long time, so the growth speed of the fry is seriously influenced, the immunity of the fish body is reduced, the culture benefit is reduced, and the culture risk is increased.
By taking a rectangular black porgy culture pond with the specification of 20 x 33m, the area of about 1 mu and the water depth of 2m as an example, a fish nest 10 with the diameter of 1.2m can be uniformly hung in a 2 x 5 mode, the external opening specification of the fish nest unit is 10cm (width) x 12cm (height), when the depth is 20cm, 75 fish nest units can be arranged on each layer, 10 layers are stacked up and down, 750 fish nest units can be provided for each fish nest, each fish occupies 1 fish nest unit, the hung fish nest of 1 mu can be used for 7500 black porgy inhabitation, and the stocking density can reach 5 times or more of that of a common culture mode. The gap between the lower side surface of the inverted cone-shaped floating valve and the inner wall of the sewage collection funnel is 1.5cm in width, the diameter of the sewage discharge pipe is 11cm, and the power of the sewage discharge pump is 3 kw.
During cultivation, micropores are arranged at intervals among fish nests for increasing oxygen, so that sufficient dissolved oxygen is ensured. Can feed expanded floating materials to reduce the water quality pollution caused by residual baits, and is fed for 2 times a day, and the feeding amount is preferably finished within 1 hour. And when the water temperature is 20-28 ℃, starting a sewage pump for 3 hours after each feeding, discharging sewage, when the water temperature is lower, properly delaying the sewage discharge time, and when the water temperature is high, discharging sewage for 5-10 min each time. The feeding can be regularly carried out, the sewage pump is set to start and stop regularly, and the management automation level is improved.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A sewage collecting type reef-like fish ecological breeding fish nest is characterized by comprising a plurality of annular fish nests, floating balls, lifting ropes, floating valves, ropes, a sewage collecting funnel and a sewage discharge pipe, wherein the plurality of annular fish nests are sequentially stacked from top to bottom, the upper part of the uppermost annular fish nest is connected with the floating balls through the lifting ropes, the upper end of the sewage collecting funnel is fixedly connected with the lower end of the annular fish nest at the lowest end, the sewage collecting funnel is arranged around the lower part outside a sewage discharge area of the annular fish nests, and the lower end of the sewage collecting funnel is communicated with the sewage discharge pipe;
the utility model discloses a dirty funnel of collection, including float valve, the lower extreme of float valve and funnel inner wall are connected with the rope that many dispersions set up, the upper end of rope and the lower extreme fixed connection of float valve, the inner wall fixed connection of lower extreme and funnel.
2. The sewage collecting reef type ecological fish culturing fish nest of claim 1, wherein the annular fish nests of the upper layer and the lower layer are fixedly connected through a buckle.
3. The dirt collecting type reef fish ecological culture fish nest according to claim 1, wherein the float valve is of an inverted cone-shaped structure with a diamond-shaped section.
4. The dirt collecting reef fish ecological culture fish nest of claim 1, wherein a gap of 1-3cm is formed between the lower end of the float valve and the inner wall of the funnel.
5. The sewage collecting reef-type ecological fish culture system is characterized by comprising a plurality of sewage collecting reef-type ecological fish culture fish nests as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, a fish pond, a fixed rope, a sewage pump, a sewage main pipe and a fish blocking net, wherein floating balls of the plurality of sewage collecting reef-type ecological fish culture fish nests are connected in series on the fixed rope, and two ends of the fixed rope are fixedly connected with pond stems of the fish pond;
a plurality of the blow off pipe of the ecological fish nest of breeding of dirty formula rocky reef fish connects into the blowdown house steward, the tail end upwarp back port of blowdown house steward sets up blocks the fish net, the head end of blowdown house steward is upwards buckled and is stretched out and link to each other with the dredge pump after the pond.
6. The ecological breeding system of the reef-like fish of claim 5, wherein the sewage pipes are connected with each other through a steel wire hose.
7. An annular fish nest is characterized by being formed by connecting a plurality of fish nest units left and right, wherein an inner hole area of the annular fish nest is a sewage discharge area;
the fish nest unit is a trapezoidal barrel shell structure with wide outside and narrow inside and two open ends, the outer opening of the fish nest unit is a fish inlet and outlet, and the inner opening is a sewage outlet.
8. The annular fish nest of claim 7, wherein the fish nest units are arranged obliquely upward from the inside to the outside.
9. The annular fish nest of claim 8, wherein the fish nest units are inclined at an angle of 15 °.
10. The annular fish nest of any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein the lower edges of the wide outer end openings of the fish nest units are folded upwards by 0.5 to 1.5 cm.
CN202011415395.3A 2020-12-07 2020-12-07 Dirt collecting type reef fish ecological breeding fish nest and annular fish nest used by same Expired - Fee Related CN112273306B (en)

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Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2112267U (en) * 1991-11-05 1992-08-12 中国石油化工总公司上海石油化工总厂 Artificial culture of fish, shrimp and crab
KR20070012892A (en) * 2005-07-25 2007-01-30 영진종합건설 주식회사 Honeycomb shape steel fishing reefs using scoria ceramic panels
CN104686427A (en) * 2015-03-30 2015-06-10 江苏中洋集团股份有限公司 Intensive ecological culture method for trachidermus fasciatus
CN206442936U (en) * 2017-02-08 2017-08-29 山东省海洋生物研究院 A kind of apostichopus japonicus culture attachment base
CN206472668U (en) * 2016-11-29 2017-09-08 天水市渔业工作站 Flowing water pond culture drainage
CN107912348A (en) * 2017-11-15 2018-04-17 浙江海洋大学 A kind of fixed float-ball type floating fish reef
CN209151980U (en) * 2018-11-23 2019-07-26 郭立洋 A kind of regular polygon sea cucumber reef
CN209407668U (en) * 2018-12-28 2019-09-20 安徽联合智能装备有限责任公司 A kind of laser cutting machine with subregion dust exhaust apparatus
CN211353560U (en) * 2019-12-24 2020-08-28 福建省洋泽海洋生物科技有限公司 Artificial fish reef
CN111758616A (en) * 2020-06-22 2020-10-13 盐城工业职业技术学院 Culture method utilizing grass carp culture circulating water ecosystem

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2112267U (en) * 1991-11-05 1992-08-12 中国石油化工总公司上海石油化工总厂 Artificial culture of fish, shrimp and crab
KR20070012892A (en) * 2005-07-25 2007-01-30 영진종합건설 주식회사 Honeycomb shape steel fishing reefs using scoria ceramic panels
CN104686427A (en) * 2015-03-30 2015-06-10 江苏中洋集团股份有限公司 Intensive ecological culture method for trachidermus fasciatus
CN206472668U (en) * 2016-11-29 2017-09-08 天水市渔业工作站 Flowing water pond culture drainage
CN206442936U (en) * 2017-02-08 2017-08-29 山东省海洋生物研究院 A kind of apostichopus japonicus culture attachment base
CN107912348A (en) * 2017-11-15 2018-04-17 浙江海洋大学 A kind of fixed float-ball type floating fish reef
CN209151980U (en) * 2018-11-23 2019-07-26 郭立洋 A kind of regular polygon sea cucumber reef
CN209407668U (en) * 2018-12-28 2019-09-20 安徽联合智能装备有限责任公司 A kind of laser cutting machine with subregion dust exhaust apparatus
CN211353560U (en) * 2019-12-24 2020-08-28 福建省洋泽海洋生物科技有限公司 Artificial fish reef
CN111758616A (en) * 2020-06-22 2020-10-13 盐城工业职业技术学院 Culture method utilizing grass carp culture circulating water ecosystem

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