CN112273256B - Feeding device for experimental pigs - Google Patents
Feeding device for experimental pigs Download PDFInfo
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- CN112273256B CN112273256B CN202011171333.2A CN202011171333A CN112273256B CN 112273256 B CN112273256 B CN 112273256B CN 202011171333 A CN202011171333 A CN 202011171333A CN 112273256 B CN112273256 B CN 112273256B
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- 241000282887 Suidae Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 116
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 241000282898 Sus scrofa Species 0.000 description 68
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 235000021050 feed intake Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000000474 nursing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003722 vitamin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002354 daily effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K5/00—Feeding devices for stock or game ; Feeding wagons; Feeding stacks
- A01K5/02—Automatic devices
- A01K5/0275—Automatic devices with mechanisms for delivery of measured doses
- A01K5/0283—Automatic devices with mechanisms for delivery of measured doses by weight
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K1/00—Housing animals; Equipment therefor
- A01K1/0005—Stable partitions
- A01K1/0017—Gates, doors
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K29/00—Other apparatus for animal husbandry
- A01K29/005—Monitoring or measuring activity, e.g. detecting heat or mating
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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Abstract
The invention provides a feeding device for experimental pigs, which comprises a quantitative feeder and a trough, wherein a movable trough cover is arranged above the trough and connected with a driving mechanism, and when the driving mechanism drives the movable trough cover to be positioned at a left limit position, the movable trough cover just can cover a first trough, and at the moment, a second trough is opened; when the driving mechanism drives the movable trough cover to be positioned at the right limit position, the movable trough cover just can cover the second trough, and the first trough is opened at the moment; a weighing device is arranged outside the trough; the invention not only solves the technical problems of time and labor waste caused by the piggery division and the division feeding, but also can reduce the stress of the piggery caused by manual division, reduce the fighting damage of the mixed piggery for many times, is beneficial to distinguishing and reducing the special variant with large individual difference, can realize the accurate feeding of the experimental piggery under the condition of not influencing the growth of the piggery, and is beneficial to the individualized fine feeding, in particular to the staged fine nutrition research.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of pig experiment equipment, and particularly relates to a feeding device for experimental pigs.
Background
The precise feeding of pigs is the main direction of future development in the pig raising field, and the essential factors in the precise feeding process comprise the precise control of the feeding amount. Research shows that the existing precise feeding mainly comprises a staged feeding mode, wherein the feeding mode comprises feeding in four stages in a pig raising stage (the weight is 4-21Kg), and feeding in five stages in a pig fattening stage (the weight is more than 21Kg), and the feed amount is respectively fed in each stage according to the nutrition requirement. However, most of the existing feeding devices have the following problems: the feed in the same groove can not be separately filled with different materials; in the same batch of pigs, individual differences exist, so that the pigs cannot eat corresponding feed according to own weight when eating every time, if the pigs are weighed and classified according to different weights every day, manual classification is needed, time and labor are wasted, and the other type of pigs are classified by automatic classification equipment (mainly imported equipment), but the cost is high and the classification effect is not ideal; particularly, in scientific research or detection tests, the nutrition levels at the boundary are different, and if the pigs are weighed in batches and are separated, the disadvantages of high stress on the pigs, large experimental data deviation and the like exist, and the data can be processed only by later statistical analysis.
Among the prior art, document CN204762694U discloses a cage utensil for experiments, including main body frame, door grating, rear side activity fender grating, left side guardrail, right side guardrail, back activity clamp plate, bottom plate, collection urine basin, collection excrement basin and feed bunk, the bottom plate comprises urine leaking end net and excrement leaking bottom plate, 1/3 part is urine leaking end net before the bottom plate, back 2/3 part is the excrement leaking bottom plate, the preceding mouth edge of collection urine basin is equipped with the baffle, the right side guardrail is provided with the smooth plate. Although the special cage is convenient for carrying out experiments on pigs, the special cage is particularly easy to influence the activities and the growth of the pigs, so that the experimental result is greatly different from the growth condition of normal pigs.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a feeding device for experimental pigs, which can realize accurate feeding of the experimental pigs under the condition of not influencing the growth of the pigs; the experimental pigs refer to nursery pigs and mixed groups of nursery pigs and fattening pigs to be fed in different columns, and the fattening pigs are generally pigs just transited from the nursery period to the fattening period, such as pigs with the weight of about 21-23 kg.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.
The utility model provides a feeding device for experiment pig, includes ration glassware and trough down, its characterized in that: the quantitative feeder comprises a first quantitative feeder and a second quantitative feeder which are arranged side by side, the trough comprises a first trough and a second trough which are arranged side by side, the first trough is arranged at the discharge port of the first quantitative feeder, and the second trough is arranged at the discharge port of the second quantitative feeder; a movable trough cover is arranged above the trough and connected with a driving mechanism, and when the driving mechanism drives the movable trough cover to be positioned at a left limit position, the movable trough cover just can cover the first trough, and at the moment, the second trough is opened; when the driving mechanism drives the movable trough cover to be positioned at the right limit position, the movable trough cover just can cover the second trough, and the first trough is opened at the moment; a weighing device is arranged at the outer side of the trough and is used for weighing the pigs standing on a panel of the weighing device;
the feeding device also comprises a controller, wherein the controller is respectively connected with the quantitative feeder, the driving mechanism and the weighing device and controls the quantitative feeder, the driving mechanism and the weighing device to operate; the memory of the controller is stored with a program which can run on the processor, and the processor executes the program to realize the following steps:
step 1, reading weight information X fed back by a weighing device, comparing the weight information X with a preset critical value K in a database, and putting feed according to a comparison result;
for a mixed group of nursery pigs and fattening pigs to be fed in different columns, presetting a critical value K as a weight boundary value from the nursery period to the fattening period of the pigs; for a nursery pig group, presetting critical values K for weight cut-off values of different weight stages of the nursery pigs;
step 2, if X is less than or equal to critical value K and X is greater than initial value X0Then the movable trough cover is moved to the right limit position, and the feed is put in according to the standard feeding amount of the pig in the nursery period; in the present invention, the standard feeding is performedThe feed intake of each pig is G, and if the feed intake of a certain pig on the same day is G, the standard feed intake is G/Y according to the daily feeding of Y tons;
step 3, if X is larger than a critical value K, the movable trough cover is moved to the left limit position, and the feed is put in according to the standard feeding amount of the fattening period of the pigs;
step 4, when the weight information fed back by the weigher is equal to the initial value X0When the quantitative feeder and the driving mechanism are closed.
For further realizing accurate feeding to avoid the fodder extravagant, in step 2, be the intermittent type formula mode of puting in to the mode of puting in the fodder, the step includes:
step 2-1, feeding half of the feed with the standard feeding amount for the first time;
step 2-2, feeding the feed with one fourth of the standard feeding amount for the second time;
step 2-3, feeding the feed with one eighth of standard feeding amount for the third time;
step 2-4, feeding the feed with one sixteenth standard feeding amount for the fourth time;
and 2-5, feeding the feed with one sixteenth standard feeding amount for the fifth time.
For further realizing accurate feeding to avoid the fodder extravagant, in step 3, be the intermittent type formula mode of puting in to the mode of puting in the fodder, the step includes:
step 2-1, feeding half of the feed with the standard feeding amount for the first time;
step 2-2, feeding the feed with one fourth of the standard feeding amount for the second time;
step 2-3, feeding the feed with one eighth of standard feeding amount for the third time;
and 2-4, feeding the feed with one eighth of the standard feeding amount for the fourth time.
In order to further realize accurate feeding and avoid feed waste, a monitoring terminal for monitoring pigs is also arranged on the feeding device, and the monitoring range of the monitoring terminal just covers the panel of the weighing device; in the step 1, when the monitoring terminal monitors that the pig only enters the weighing device panel, the weighing device is started; in the step 4, the process is carried out,when the monitoring terminal monitors that no pig exists in the visual field range, and the weight information fed back by the weighing device is equal to the initial value X0When the quantitative feeder and the driving mechanism are closed.
In order to better realize accurate feeding and facilitate the separation of pigs, the periphery of the weighing device is provided with a fence, the front side of the weighing device is provided with a one-way door I for the pigs to enter the panel of the weighing device, and the side of the weighing device is provided with a one-way door II for the pigs to leave the panel of the weighing device.
Preferably, an inner concave part is arranged between the first quantitative feeder and the second quantitative feeder, the inner concave part is formed by enclosing the right side wall of the first quantitative feeder, the left side wall of the second quantitative feeder and the slope surface together, and the monitoring terminal is arranged at the inner concave part.
As a preferred scheme, the driving mechanism comprises a fixedly arranged motor, the output end of the motor is connected with a telescopic mechanism, the telescopic mechanism is connected with a movable trough cover, a sliding rod of the movable trough cover is arranged on the side wall of the trough in a penetrating manner, when the motor drives the telescopic mechanism to extend, the movable trough cover moves leftwards, and when the motor drives the telescopic mechanism to retract, the movable trough cover moves rightwards; or the driving mechanism comprises a fixedly arranged motor, the output end of the motor is connected with the gear rack mechanism, the movable slot cover is fixed on a rack of the gear rack mechanism, when the motor drives the gear of the gear rack mechanism to rotate clockwise, the rack of the gear rack mechanism moves leftwards, the movable slot cover moves leftwards, when the motor drives the gear of the gear rack mechanism to rotate anticlockwise, the rack of the gear rack mechanism moves rightwards, and the movable slot cover moves rightwards; or the driving mechanism comprises a telescopic cylinder, a telescopic rod of the telescopic cylinder is connected with the movable slot cover, when the telescopic rod extends, the movable slot cover moves to the left, and when the telescopic rod retracts, the movable slot cover moves to the right.
In order to facilitate the feeding of pigs, the movable trough cover adopts a grid fence type structure.
In order to better guide the pigs to eat, the one-way door comprises two rows of guardrails which are arranged at intervals, a rotating door plate is arranged between the two rows of guardrails, the upper end of the rotating door plate is fixedly connected to the cross beam, the lower end of the rotating door plate is a free end, the two ends of the cross beam are respectively and rotatably connected to the stand columns of the two rows of guardrails, and the height of the cross beam from the ground is not less than that of the pigs; the rotating interval of the rotating door panel is controlled within the range of 30-70 degrees between the horizontal right direction and the vertical downward direction by taking the cross beam as a reference; a gap is arranged at the middle lower part of the rotating door plate, and the width of the gap is larger than the width of the head of the pig but smaller than the width of the shoulder of the pig; (ii) a Holes at the same level are respectively arranged at the upper parts of the upright posts of the two rows of guardrails, bearings are respectively arranged at the two end parts of the cross beam, and two sets of bearings are respectively arranged in the two holes; the vertical column below the hole is provided with a first limiting rod, the first limiting rod is positioned between the two rows of guardrails and is parallel to the cross beam, and when the rotating door plate rotates to the lower limit position, the wall surface of the rotating door plate is abutted against the first limiting rod.
Furthermore, the rotating door plate is made of transparent plates.
Has the advantages that: by adopting the scheme provided by the invention, the technical problem that the pigs are time-consuming and labor-consuming due to the fact that the pigs are only parted and are fed in the parted mode is solved, stress of the pigs caused by manual parted mode can be reduced, fighting damage caused by multiple times of mixed feeding is reduced, distinguishing and reducing of special variant bodies with large individual differences are facilitated, grouping according to weight is facilitated, the feeding cost per unit area is reduced, accurate feeding can be realized, the method is suitable for realizing accurate feeding of the pigs in the transition stage of the nursery period and the fattening period, accurate feeding of the experimental pigs can be realized under the condition that the growth of the pigs is not influenced, and individual fine feeding, particularly staged fine nutrition research is facilitated. By adopting the scheme provided by the invention, the optimum nutrition level of the pigs fed in each stage can be met, the optimum production level is reached, the production substances such as grains and vitamin elements are saved, the pig feed is particularly suitable for large-group feeding, the construction and operation of a pig farm and the production cost are reduced, and the morbidity is reduced. The feeding equipment provided by the invention is simple, easy to install and maintain and convenient to use.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a first schematic view of the feeding device for experimental pigs in example 1 (with the movable trough cover in the right extreme position);
FIG. 2 is a second schematic view of the feeding device for experimental pigs in example 1 (with the movable trough cover in the left extreme position);
FIG. 3 is a first schematic view of the feeding device for experimental pigs in example 1, which is bent downwards;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a one-way door of the feeding device for experimental pigs in the example;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the rotating door panel of the one-way door of FIG. 4, after rotating clockwise to a limit position, the one-way door is closed, and after rotating counterclockwise, the one-way door is opened;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of a pillar of the one-way door of fig. 4.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, which are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of them. It is pointed out that the following examples are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, and that those skilled in the art will be able to make numerous insubstantial modifications and adaptations in view of the teachings of the present invention.
Example 1
A feeding device for experimental pigs comprises a quantitative feeder and a feed trough, wherein the quantitative feeder adopts a commercially available automatic feeder which can feed materials according to weight, and the precision of the feeding device is accurate to 1-5 g. As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the quantitative feeder comprises a first quantitative feeder 7 and a second quantitative feeder 4 which are arranged side by side, the food trough comprises a first food trough 8 and a second food trough 3 which are arranged side by side, the first food trough 8 is arranged at the discharge port of the first quantitative feeder 7, and the second food trough 3 is arranged at the discharge port of the second quantitative feeder 3; be provided with movable capping 2 above the trough, movable capping 2 adopts grid fence formula structure (the structure of railing is similar to, has crack or fretwork portion, and the pig can only observe whether have fodder/food in the trough through crack or fretwork portion), and driving mechanism is connected to movable capping 2. In this embodiment, actuating mechanism includes the fixed motor 5 that sets up, and telescopic machanism 6 is connected to the motor 5 output, and movable capping 2 is connected to telescopic machanism 6, and the slide bar 15 of movable capping 2 wears to establish on the trough lateral wall, and when motor 5 drive telescopic machanism 6 extended, movable capping 2 moved to the left, when motor 5 drive telescopic machanism 6 retracted, movable capping 2 moved to the right. When the driving mechanism drives the movable trough cover 2 to be positioned at the left limit position, the movable trough cover 2 just can cover the first trough 8, and the second trough 3 is open at the moment; when the driving mechanism drives the movable trough cover 2 to be positioned at the right limit position, the movable trough cover 2 just can cover the second trough 3, and at the moment, the first trough 8 is opened; the weighing device 1 is arranged on the outer side of the trough, the weighing device 1 can adopt a small weighbridge or an electronic scale placed in a pit, the surface of the weighing device is flush with the ground surface, and the weighing device 1 is used for weighing the pigs standing on the panel of the weighing device.
The feeding device is also provided with a monitoring terminal 13 for monitoring pigs, the monitoring terminal 13 can also identify the coded information of the pigs, and the monitoring range of the monitoring terminal 13 just covers the panel of the weighing device; an inward concave part is arranged between the first quantitative feeder 7 and the second quantitative feeder 4, the inward concave part is formed by enclosing the right side wall of the first quantitative feeder 7, the left side wall of the second quantitative feeder 4 and a slope surface together, and the monitoring terminal 13 is arranged at the inward concave part.
A fence 11 is arranged on the periphery of the weighing device 1, a one-way door I10 for a pig to enter a panel of the weighing device is arranged on the front side of the weighing device 1, and a one-way door II 9 for the pig to leave the panel of the weighing device is arranged beside the weighing device 1; the structure of the one-way door is shown in fig. 4 to 6, the one-way door comprises two rows of guardrails 21 arranged at intervals, a rotary door plate 23 is arranged between the two rows of guardrails 21, and the rotary door plate 23 is made of transparent plates (acrylic plates can be adopted, and other transparent plastic door plates which can not be damaged by pigs can also be adopted); the upper end of the rotary door plate 23 is fixedly connected to the cross beam 22, the lower end of the rotary door plate 23 is a free end, two ends of the cross beam 22 are respectively and rotatably connected to the upright posts 25 of the two rows of guardrails 21, and the height of the cross beam 22 from the ground is not less than that of a pig; the rotating interval of the rotating door panel 23 is controlled within the range of 30-70 degrees between the horizontal right direction and the vertical downward direction by taking the cross beam 22 as a reference; a notch 24 is arranged at the middle lower part of the rotating door plate 23, and the width of the notch 24 is larger than the width of the head of the pig but smaller than the width of the shoulder of the pig; holes 28 positioned at the same height are respectively arranged at the upper parts of the upright posts 25 of the two rows of guardrails 21, bearings 29 are respectively arranged at the two end parts of the cross beam 22, and two sets of bearings 29 are respectively arranged in the two holes 28; a first limiting rod 26 is arranged on the upright post 25 below the hole 28, the first limiting rod 26 is positioned between the two rows of guardrails 21 and is parallel to the cross beam 22, and when the rotating door panel 23 rotates to the lower limit position, the wall surface of the rotating door panel 23 abuts against the first limiting rod 26.
According to the one-way door provided by the embodiment, the notch 24 formed in the rotating door plate 23 can guide the head of a pig to pass through, the rotating door plate 23 is matched with anticlockwise rotation of the rotating door plate 23 to facilitate the pig to pass through quickly, once the pig passes through, the rotating door plate 23 can reset automatically, and the rotating door plate 23 is limited by the limiting rod, so that the pig is prevented from moving backwards, and even if the pig rotates and faces the rotating door plate 23, the rotating door plate 23 is inclined and limited, and the pig cannot move backwards; the one-way door can enable the pigs to move forwards in one way without moving backwards, so that pigsty division is realized without manual watching, not only is convenient and accurate feeding realized, but also stress to the pigs can be reduced, and the subsequent division of the pigs is also convenient.
The feeding device also comprises a controller, wherein the controller is respectively connected with the quantitative feeder, the driving mechanism and the weighing device 1 and controls the quantitative feeder, the driving mechanism and the weighing device 1 to operate; the memory of the controller is stored with a program which can run on the processor, and the processor executes the program to realize the following steps:
step 1, reading weight information X fed back by a weighing device 1, comparing the weight information X with a preset critical value K in a database, and putting feed according to a comparison result; the preset critical value K is a weight boundary value from the nursery period to the fattening period of the pigs;
step 2, if X is less than or equal to critical value K and X is more than initial value X0Then forerunner's movable groove lid 2 is located right extreme position to put in fodder according to the standard amount of feeding of pig nursery stage, the mode of putting in fodder is the intermittent type formula mode of putting in, and the step includes:
step 2-1, feeding half of the feed with the standard feeding amount for the first time;
step 2-2, feeding the feed with quarter of the standard feeding amount for the second time;
step 2-3, feeding the feed with one eighth of standard feeding amount for the third time;
step 2-4, fourth feeding the feed with one sixteenth standard feeding amount;
2-5, feeding the feed with a standard feeding amount of one sixteenth for the fifth time;
and 3, if X is larger than a critical value K, the movable trough cover 2 is located at the left limit position, and the feed is put according to the standard feeding amount of the fattening period of the pigs in an intermittent feeding mode, wherein the feeding mode comprises the following steps:
step 3-1, feeding half of the feed with the standard feeding amount for the first time;
step 3-2, feeding the feed with one fourth of the standard feeding amount for the second time;
3-3, feeding the feed with one eighth of standard feeding amount for the third time;
3-4, feeding the feed with one eighth of the standard feeding amount for the fourth time;
step 4, when the monitoring terminal 13 monitors that no pig exists in the visual field range and the weight information fed back by the weigher 1 is equal to the initial value X0When the quantitative feeder and the driving mechanism are closed.
In a specific application scheme, as shown in fig. 3, two sets of feeding devices in this embodiment are disposed in a laboratory feeding room 16, the back sides of the feeding devices are disposed near the wall, ten pigs at the later stage of the nursing stage are fed into the laboratory feeding room 16 after the experiment begins, each pig is provided with an electronic ear tag or number, and the pigs are weighed and classified during feeding, as shown in table 1,
TABLE 1 initial weight information of pigs
| Pig | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J |
| Initial body weight | 18Kg | 18Kg | 18.5Kg | 18Kg | 18.1Kg | 18.6Kg | 18.3Kg | 18.8Kg | 19.3Kg | 18.4Kg |
The feeding information of the pigs is selected according to a nutrition recommendation table of nursery pigs and fattening pigs, and the weight of the type A feed which is 18Kg to 21Kg of weight and is to be fed to the pigs is 1.2 Kg/day, the pigs are fed three times a day (the pigs are fed once in the morning, at noon and at night, the corresponding standard feeding amount is 0.4Kg), the pigs with the weight of 21Kg to 23Kg of weight are fed with the type A feed with the weight of 1.4 Kg/day, the pigs are fed three times a day (the pigs are fed once in the morning, at noon and at night, the corresponding standard feeding amount is 0.47Kg each time), and the weight cut-off value K from the nursery period to the fattening period of the corresponding pigs is 21 Kg.
During the feeding process, the pigs only move in the area outside the feeding device in the feeding chamber 16, when a certain pig only needs to eat, the pig only enters the weighing device panel in the fence 11 from the one-way door I10,
subsequently, the monitoring terminal 13 recognizes the pig code/number and transmits the information data to the controller, the processor of the controller reads the weight information X of 18.5Kg and the pig code/number fed back by the weigher 1, and compares the weight information X of 18.5Kg with a preset critical value K of 21Kg in the database, and the comparison result shows that: x is less than or equal to K and X is more than X0，X0After being corrected, the value is set as 0;
then, the controller drives the movable trough cover 2 to move to the right limit position, at the moment, the movable trough cover 2 just covers the second trough 3, and the first trough 8 is opened/opened;
then, the controller controls a first quantitative feeder 7 to feed the feed according to the standard feeding amount (0.4Kg) of the pig in the nursing period, the feed feeding mode is an intermittent feeding mode, and the method comprises the following steps:
step S1, feeding feed with a standard feeding amount of 0.2Kg for the first time;
step S2, feeding 0.1Kg of feed with one fourth of standard feeding amount for the second time;
step S3, feeding 0.05Kg of feed with one eighth of standard feeding amount for the third time;
step S4, feeding feed with a standard feeding amount of one sixteenth to 0.025Kg for the fourth time;
step S5, feeding feed with a standard feeding amount of one sixteenth of 0.025Kg for the fifth time;
after the pigs finish feeding, the pigs usually leave from the second one-way door 9; when the monitoring terminal 13 monitors that no pig exists in the visual field range and the weight information fed back by the weighing device 1 is equal to the initial value X0When the quantitative material feeder is started, the quantitative material feeder and the driving mechanism are closed;
when pigs with the same code/number enter the weighing device panel again within a preset time (such as within 4.5 hours), the quantitative feeder and the driving mechanism are always closed, wherein the preset time refers to the interval time after the pigs eat the feed (if the pigs are fed according to 8:00, 12.30 and 17:00 in sequence every day, the preset time is 4.5 hours);
in-process that this paragraph relates to, if the pig just got into the weigher panel and when being located trough two 3 sides, the fodder was put in and is still gone on according to aforementioned step, and the fodder after putting in, the pig can only see the fodder in trough one 8 through movable capping 2's fretwork portion, and then moves and eat before trough one 8.
In the feeding process, when a certain pig only needs to eat, the pig only enters the weighing device panel in the fence 11 from the one-way door I10,
subsequently, the monitoring terminal 13 recognizes the pig code/number and transmits the information data to the controller, the processor of the controller reads the weight information X which is 21.2Kg and the pig code/number fed back by the weigher 1, and compares the weight information X which is 21.2Kg with a preset critical value K which is 21Kg in the database, and the comparison result shows that: x > Critical value K, X0After being corrected, the value is set as 0;
then, the controller drives the movable trough cover 2 to move to a left limit position, at the moment, the movable trough cover 2 just covers the first trough 8, and the second trough 3 is opened/opened;
then, the controller controls the feeder II 3 to feed the feed according to the standard feeding amount (0.47Kg) of the pig in the nursing period, the feed feeding mode is an intermittent feeding mode, and the method comprises the following steps:
step S1, feeding feed with a standard feeding amount of 0.23Kg for the first time;
step S2, feeding 0.12Kg of feed with quarter of standard feeding amount for the second time;
step S3, feeding 0.06Kg of feed with one eighth of standard feeding amount for the third time;
step S4, feeding 0.06Kg of feed with one eighth of standard feeding amount for the third time;
after the pigs finish feeding, the pigs usually leave from the second one-way door 9; when the monitoring terminal 13 monitors that no pig exists in the visual field range and the weight fed back by the weighing device 1Information equal to initial value X0When the quantitative material feeder is started, the quantitative material feeder and the driving mechanism are closed;
when the pigs with the same code/number enter the weighing device panel again within a preset time (such as within 4.5 hours), the quantitative feeder and the driving mechanism are always closed, wherein the preset time refers to the interval time after the pigs eat the feed;
in-process that this paragraph relates to, if the pig just got into the weigher panel and when being located trough one 8 sides, the fodder was put in and is still gone on according to aforementioned step, and the fodder after putting in, the pig can only see the fodder in trough two 3 through movable capping 2's fretwork portion, and then moves and eat before trough two 3.
And when another pig enters the panel of the weighing device, feeding the fodder according to the steps.
Example 2
A feeding device for experimental pigs, which is different from example 1 in that: the driving mechanism comprises a motor 5 which is fixedly arranged, the output end of the motor 5 is connected with a gear rack mechanism, a movable slot cover 2 is fixed on a rack of the gear rack mechanism, when the motor 5 drives the gear rack mechanism to rotate clockwise, the rack of the gear rack mechanism moves leftwards, the movable slot cover 2 moves leftwards along with the rack, when the motor 5 drives the gear rack mechanism to rotate anticlockwise, the rack of the gear rack mechanism moves rightwards, and the movable slot cover 2 moves rightwards along with the rack.
Example 3
A feeding device for experimental pigs, which is different from example 1 in that: actuating mechanism includes telescopic cylinder, and movable capping 2 is connected to telescopic cylinder's telescopic link, and when the telescopic link extended, movable capping 2 moved to the left, when the telescopic link retracted, movable capping 2 moved to the right.
Example 4
A feeding device for experimental pigs, which is different from example 1 in that: the pig to the child care stage only carries out accurate raising, accurately puts in the fodder according to weight stage by stage, can divide a plurality of stages according to actual demand and feed, for example: selecting according to nutrition recommendation table of nursery pigTaking the feeding information of the pigs, knowing that the weight of the A-type feed which is to be fed to the pigs with the weight of 10Kg-12Kg should be 1 Kg/day, the weight of the A-type feed which is to be fed to the pigs with the weight of 12Kg-13.5Kg should be 1.1 Kg/day, and the weight of the A-type feed which is to be fed to the pigs with the weight of 13.5Kg-15Kg should be 1.15 Kg/day, so that the weight threshold value K of the corresponding pigs in the conservation period is the same1Is 12Kg, K213.5Kg, and if the weight of the pig entering the panel of the weighing machine is 13Kg during the raising process, K is added1X is not less than 12Kg and not more than critical value K213.5Kg and X > initial value X0Then the movable trough cover is moved to the right limit position, and the feed is put according to the standard feeding amount of the pig in the nursery period, wherein the total amount of the put feed is 1.1 Kg/day; similarly, if the weight of the pig entering the panel of the weighing machine is 14kg, X is more than the critical value K2And then the movable trough cover is moved at the left limit position, and the feed is put according to the standard feeding amount of the pigs in the fattening period, wherein the total amount of the put feed is 1.15 Kg/day.
It should be noted that the feeding amount in the foregoing embodiments is only a value selected according to the amount of a specific type of feed, and in the actual operation process, a person skilled in the art should re-select the feeding amount according to the type of feed and set a reasonable boundary value.
In the feeding process of a pig farm, once the situation that the fed pigs are larger than the upper limit value is monitored, the pigs can be transferred to a fattening house/fattening feeding room by means of manual work.
By adopting the scheme provided by the invention, the technical problem that the pigs are time-consuming and labor-consuming due to the fact that the pigs are only parted and are fed in the parted mode is solved, stress of the pigs caused by manual parted mode can be reduced, fighting damage caused by multiple times of mixed feeding is reduced, distinguishing and reducing of special variant bodies with large individual differences are facilitated, grouping according to weight is facilitated, the feeding cost per unit area is reduced, accurate feeding can be realized, the method is suitable for realizing accurate feeding of the pigs in the transition stage of the nursery period and the fattening period, accurate feeding of the experimental pigs can be realized under the condition that the growth of the pigs is not influenced, and individual fine feeding, particularly staged fine nutrition research is facilitated. By adopting the scheme provided by the invention, the optimum nutrition level of the pigs fed in each stage can be met, the optimum production level is reached, the production substances such as grains and vitamin elements are saved, the pig feed is particularly suitable for large-group feeding, the construction and operation of a pig farm and the production cost are reduced, and the morbidity is reduced. The feeding equipment provided by the invention is simple, easy to install and maintain and convenient to use.
Example 5
A feeding device for experimental pigs, as shown in example 1, which is different from example 1 in that a program capable of running on a processor is stored in a memory of a controller, and the processor executes the program to realize the following steps:
step 1, reading weight information X fed back by a weighing device 1, comparing the weight information X with a preset critical value K in a database, and putting feed according to a comparison result; the preset critical value K is a weight boundary value from the nursery period to the fattening period of the pigs;
step 2, if X is less than or equal to critical value K and X is greater than initial value X0Then forerunner's movable groove lid 2 is located right extreme position to put in fodder according to the standard amount of feeding of pig nursery stage, the mode of putting in fodder is the intermittent type formula mode of putting in, and the step includes:
step 2-1, feeding half of the feed with the standard feeding amount for the first time;
step 2-2, feeding the feed with one fourth of the standard feeding amount for the second time;
step 2-3, feeding the feed with one eighth of standard feeding amount for the third time;
step 2-4, feeding the feed with one sixteenth standard feeding amount for the fourth time;
step 2-5, feeding the feed with one sixteenth standard feeding amount for the fifth time;
and 3, if X is larger than a critical value K, the movable trough cover 2 is located at the left limit position, and the feed is put according to the standard feeding amount of the fattening period of the pigs in an intermittent feeding mode, wherein the feeding mode comprises the following steps:
step 3-1, feeding half of the feed with the standard feeding amount for the first time;
step 3-2, feeding the feed with one fourth of the standard feeding amount for the second time;
3-3, feeding the feed with one eighth of standard feeding amount for the third time;
3-4, feeding the feed with one eighth of the standard feeding amount for the fourth time;
step 4, when the monitoring terminal 13 monitors that no pig exists in the visual field range and the weight information fed back by the weigher 1 is equal to the initial value X0When the quantitative feeder is started, the quantitative feeder and the driving mechanism are closed;
in the step 2, if the pig leaves the weighing device 1 before the pig starts to be fed in the steps 2-5, the amount of the feed to be fed for the fifth time is counted into the next feeding process of the pig, and the feed is fed when the pig is fed for the next time;
in the step 3, if the pig leaves the weighing device 1 before the pig starts to be fed in the step 3-4, the feed amount to be fed in the next feeding process of the pig is counted for the fourth time, and the feed is fed when the pig is fed in the next time;
in the step 2 and the step 3, if the pig leaves the weighing device 1 only before the step 2-4 starts, or if the pig leaves the weighing device 1 only before the step 3-4 starts, an alarm device is started (the controller is connected with the alarm device) so as to prompt a technician to mainly observe the physical condition of the pig.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a feeding device for experiment pig, includes ration glassware and trough down, its characterized in that: the quantitative feeder comprises a first quantitative feeder (7) and a second quantitative feeder (4) which are arranged side by side, the food trough comprises a first food trough (8) and a second food trough (3) which are arranged side by side, the first food trough (8) is arranged at the discharge port of the first quantitative feeder (7), and the second food trough (3) is arranged at the discharge port of the second quantitative feeder (4); a movable trough cover (2) is arranged above the trough, the movable trough cover (2) is connected with a driving mechanism, when the driving mechanism drives the movable trough cover (2) to be positioned at a left limit position, the movable trough cover (2) can just cover the first trough (8), and the second trough (3) is open at the moment; when the driving mechanism drives the movable trough cover (2) to be positioned at the right limit position, the movable trough cover (2) can just cover the second trough (3), and the first trough (8) is open at the moment; a weighing device (1) is arranged at the outer side of the trough, and the weighing device (1) is used for weighing the pigs standing on a panel of the weighing device; the movable trough cover (2) adopts a grid type structure;
the feeding device also comprises a controller, wherein the controller is respectively connected with the quantitative feeder, the driving mechanism and the weighing device (1) and controls the quantitative feeder, the driving mechanism and the weighing device (1) to operate; the memory of the controller is stored with a program which can run on the processor, and the processor executes the program to realize the following steps:
step 1, reading weight information X fed back by a weighing device (1), comparing the weight information X with a preset critical value K in a database, and putting feed according to a comparison result; the preset critical value K is a weight boundary value from the nursery period to the fattening period of the pigs;
step 2, if X is less than or equal to critical value K and X is greater than initial value X0Then the movable trough cover (2) is moved to the right limit position, and the feed is put according to the standard feeding amount of the pig in the nursery period;
step 3, if X is larger than a critical value K, the movable trough cover (2) is moved at the left limit position, and the feed is put in according to the standard feeding amount of the fattening period of the pigs;
step 4, when the weight information fed back by the weigher (1) is equal to the initial value X0When the quantitative feeder is started, the quantitative feeder and the driving mechanism are closed;
a monitoring terminal (13) for monitoring pigs is also arranged on the feeding device, and the monitoring range of the monitoring terminal (13) just covers the weighing device panel; in the step 1, when the monitoring terminal (13) monitors that the pig only enters the weighing device panel, the weighing device (1) is started; in step 4, when the monitoring terminal (13) monitors that no pig exists in the visual field range and the weight information fed back by the weigher (1) is equal to the initial value X0And when the quantitative feeder is closed, the driving mechanism is closed.
2. The feeding device for experimental pigs of claim 1, wherein in the step 2, the mode for feeding the feed is an intermittent feeding mode, and the step comprises the following steps:
step 2-1, feeding half of the feed with the standard feeding amount for the first time;
step 2-2, feeding the feed with one fourth of the standard feeding amount for the second time;
step 2-3, feeding the feed with one eighth of standard feeding amount for the third time;
step 2-4, feeding the feed with one sixteenth standard feeding amount for the fourth time;
and 2-5, feeding the feed with one sixteenth standard feeding amount for the fifth time.
3. The feeding device for experimental pigs of claim 2, wherein in the step 3, the feeding mode is an intermittent feeding mode, and the steps comprise:
step 2-1, feeding half of the feed with the standard feeding amount for the first time;
step 2-2, feeding the feed with one fourth of the standard feeding amount for the second time;
step 2-3, feeding the feed with one eighth of standard feeding amount for the third time;
and 2-4, feeding the feed with one eighth of the standard feeding amount for the fourth time.
4. The feeding device for experimental pigs according to claim 3, characterized in that a fence (11) is arranged at the periphery of the weighing device (1), a one-way door I (10) for pigs to enter the panel of the weighing device is arranged at the front side of the weighing device (1), and a one-way door II (9) for pigs to leave the panel of the weighing device is arranged at the side of the weighing device (1).
5. The feeding device for laboratory pigs according to claim 4, characterized in that an inner recess is arranged between the first quantitative feeder (7) and the second quantitative feeder (4), the inner recess is formed by the right side wall of the first quantitative feeder (7), the left side wall of the second quantitative feeder (4) and a slope surface, and the monitoring terminal (13) is arranged at the inner recess.
6. The feeding device for experimental pigs according to claim 5, wherein the driving mechanism comprises a fixedly arranged motor (5), the output end of the motor (5) is connected with a telescopic mechanism (6), the telescopic mechanism (6) is connected with the movable trough cover (2), a sliding rod (15) of the movable trough cover (2) is arranged on the side wall of the trough in a penetrating manner, when the motor (5) drives the telescopic mechanism (6) to extend, the movable trough cover (2) moves to the left, and when the motor (5) drives the telescopic mechanism (6) to retract, the movable trough cover (2) moves to the right; or the driving mechanism comprises a fixedly arranged motor (5), the output end of the motor (5) is connected with the gear rack mechanism, the movable slot cover (2) is fixed on a rack of the gear rack mechanism, when the motor (5) drives a gear of the gear rack mechanism to rotate clockwise, the rack of the gear rack mechanism moves left, the movable slot cover (2) moves left along with the rack, when the motor (5) drives the gear of the gear rack mechanism to rotate anticlockwise, the rack of the gear rack mechanism moves right, and the movable slot cover (2) moves right along with the rack; or the driving mechanism comprises a telescopic cylinder, a telescopic rod of the telescopic cylinder is connected with the movable slot cover (2), when the telescopic rod extends, the movable slot cover (2) moves to the left, and when the telescopic rod retracts, the movable slot cover (2) moves to the right.
7. The feeding device for experimental pigs according to claim 6, wherein the one-way door comprises two rows of guardrails (21) arranged at intervals, a rotating door plate (23) is arranged between the two rows of guardrails (21), the upper end of the rotating door plate (23) is fixedly connected to the cross beam (22), the lower end of the rotating door plate (23) is a free end, two ends of the cross beam (22) are respectively and rotatably connected to the upright posts (25) of the two rows of guardrails (21), and the height of the cross beam (22) from the ground is not less than the height of the pigs; the rotating interval of the rotating door panel (23) is controlled within the range of 30-70 degrees between the horizontal right direction and the vertical downward direction by taking the cross beam (22) as a reference; a notch (24) is arranged at the middle lower part of the rotating door plate (23), and the width of the notch (24) is larger than the width of the head of the pig but smaller than the width of the shoulder of the pig; holes (28) positioned at the same height are respectively arranged at the upper parts of the upright posts (25) of the two rows of guardrails (21), bearings (29) are respectively arranged at the two ends of the cross beam (22), and the two sets of bearings (29) are respectively arranged in the two holes (28); a first limiting rod (26) is arranged on the upright post (25) below the hole (28), the first limiting rod (26) is located between the two rows of guardrails (21) and is parallel to the cross beam (22), and when the rotary door plate (23) rotates to the lower limit position, the wall surface of the rotary door plate (23) abuts against the first limiting rod (26).
8. The feeding device for laboratory pigs according to claim 7, characterized in that the revolving door panel (23) is made of transparent plate.
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