CN112250381A - High-strength high-crack-resistance anti-abrasion concrete with basalt excavating material as aggregate and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-strength high-crack-resistance anti-abrasion concrete with basalt excavating material as aggregate and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112250381A CN112250381A CN202011085321.8A CN202011085321A CN112250381A CN 112250381 A CN112250381 A CN 112250381A CN 202011085321 A CN202011085321 A CN 202011085321A CN 112250381 A CN112250381 A CN 112250381A
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- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000011798 excavation material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000000979 retarding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010754 BS 2869 Class F Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003469 silicate cement Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010878 waste rock Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 31
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 6
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011863 silicon-based powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004746 geotextile Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009751 slip forming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002818 (Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxyethyl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCO WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZOIORXHNWRGPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;zinc Chemical compound [Zn].CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O ZOIORXHNWRGPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012615 aggregate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;potassium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[K+] DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);methylsulfanylmethane;bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu].CSC PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052629 lepidolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001495 poly(sodium acrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001467 poly(styrenesulfonates) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930000044 secondary metabolite Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium polyacrylate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C=C NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940006186 sodium polystyrene sulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004246 zinc acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/2038—Resistance against physical degradation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The high-strength high-crack-resistance abrasion-resistant concrete with the basalt excavation material as the aggregate comprises the following components in parts by weight: 246-294 parts by weight of low-heat portland cement; 43-83 parts of I-grade fly ash; 629 to 694 parts by weight of artificial sand produced from basalt excavation materials; 1346-1469 parts by weight of crushed stone produced from a basalt excavating material; 110-126 parts by weight of water; 2.026-2.936 parts by weight of a retarding polycarboxylic acid high-performance water reducing agent; 0.023 to 0.033 parts by weight of an air entraining agent. The invention provides high-strength high-crack-resistance and abrasion-resistance concrete using basalt excavating materials as aggregates and a preparation method thereof, which not only solve the problems that the excavating materials of a hydropower engineering cavern occupy a construction field and waste rock mineral resources, but also economically and effectively solve the contradiction between the high strength and the high crack resistance of hydraulic abrasion-resistance concrete in terms of mix proportion design.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of concrete engineering of hydraulic engineering, construction, traffic, energy and the like, in particular to high-strength high-crack-resistance abrasion-resistant concrete using a basalt excavating material as an aggregate and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The water conservancy and hydropower engineering water discharge structure relates to the important structure of the safe operation of hydropower station engineering, the water discharge structure comprises a flood discharge tunnel, a flood spillway, a plunge pool, a stilling pool and the like, the flood discharge flow rate of part of the water discharge structure can reach 40m/s to 50m/s, and the single-hole discharge amount can reach 4000m3And/s, because the discharge is large, the flow rate is high, the sand content is high, and the phenomena of erosion and abrasion and cavitation damage of concrete on the overflowing surface by high-speed water flow often occur, the high-strength erosion and abrasion resistant concrete is generally adopted. The high-strength anti-impact wear concrete has large temperature control and anti-cracking difficulty due to large consumption of cementing materials and high hydration heat release, and once the concrete on the flow surface is damaged due to cracking, a large amount of manpower and material resources are required to be invested for maintenance. How to balance the contradiction between high strength and high crack resistance of the anti-abrasion concrete of the overflow surface of the drainage building is always a difficult problem which troubles the water conservancy and hydropower engineering.
The adoption of high-grade cement, high-strength aggregate, silicon powder, fiber and the like is a common measure for improving the abrasion resistance and crack resistance of the concrete on the flow surface of the water release structure. The Chinese patent of application No. CN200310111328.2 provides an impact-resistant and wear-resistant concrete, which is mainly composed of 400kg/m3～500kg/m352.5-grade portland cement, aggregate with the crushing index lower than 2.4 percent, silica powder with the total weight of 5 to 12 percent of glue material and 60kg/m3～90kg/m3The water is stirred. The Chinese patent application No. CN201911161680.4 discloses an impact-resistant and wear-resistant concrete and a construction method thereof, the material composition comprises portland cement, silica powder, fly ash, pebbles, fine aggregate, a water reducing agent, an expanding agent and water, and the concrete is characterized in that silica powder with a large specific surface area is adopted to improve impact resistance and wear resistance and the fly ash is adopted to improve concrete workability. The Chinese patent application No. CN201010525095.0 discloses an anti-crack and anti-abrasion concrete and a preparation method thereof, wherein the materials comprise 42.5-grade ordinary portland cement, sand, stone, polypropylene fiber, silica powder, a water reducing agent, an air entraining agent, an internal curing agent and water. The method is characterized in that an internal curing agent is added to enhance the internal curing of the concrete so as to reduce shrinkage, and silicon powder is added to improve the anti-abrasion performance of the concrete, so that the anti-abrasion strength of the concrete is improved and the concrete is improvedThe crack resistance of the concrete is improved. The Chinese patent application No. CN201510954655.7 discloses an impact-resistant and wear-resistant concrete for hydraulic engineering and a preparation method thereof, and the concrete is composed of ordinary portland cement, potassium feldspar powder, fly ash, lepidolite, graphite powder, aluminum nitride, polyvinyl alcohol fiber, lignin fiber, sodium polystyrene sulfonate, sodium polyacrylate, zinc acetate, a polycarboxylic acid water reducer, hydroxyethyl methacrylate and water.
Therefore, in order to improve the anti-abrasion performance of the flow surface concrete of the outlet building and ensure the anti-cracking performance of the flow surface concrete, at present, modification or optimization is mostly carried out on the composition of concrete materials, and a technical route that silica powder is mainly used as an admixture to improve the strength and enhance the anti-abrasion performance and external agents such as an expanding agent, an internal curing agent and the like are used for reducing the dry shrinkage deformation and improving the anti-cracking performance is adopted. However, the addition of silica powder, an expanding agent and other additives increases the material cost of the high-strength anti-cracking anti-abrasion concrete, increases the construction difficulty, the maintenance requirement and the early cracking risk, and does not fundamentally solve the problem of contradiction between high strength and high crack resistance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing high-strength high-crack-resistance anti-abrasion concrete using basalt excavating materials as aggregates and a preparation method thereof.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the high-strength high-crack-resistance abrasion-resistant concrete comprises the following components in parts by weight:
246-294 parts by weight of low-heat portland cement
43-83 parts of I-grade fly ash
629-694 parts by weight of artificial sand produced from basalt excavation material
1346-1469 parts by weight of crushed stone produced from basalt excavating material
110 to 126 parts by weight of water
2.026-2.936 parts by weight of retarding polycarboxylic acid high-performance water reducing agent
0.023 to 0.033 parts by weight of an air entraining agent.
Preferably, the weight parts of the components are as follows:
294 portions of low-heat portland cement
73 parts by weight of I-grade fly ash
659 weight parts of artificial sand produced from basalt excavating material
1400 parts by weight of crushed stone produced from basalt cutting material
121 parts of water
2.936 parts of retarding polycarboxylic acid high-performance water reducing agent
0.033 part by weight of an air entraining agent.
Preferably, the low-heat portland cement is 42.5-grade low-heat portland cement meeting the technical requirements of GB/T200-2017 moderate-heat portland cement and low-heat portland cement, and the specific surface area of the low-heat portland cement is 250kg/m3～340kg/m2The 28d mortar has a compressive strength of more than or equal to 43.5MPa, an MgO content of 4.0-5.0% and a hydration heat of less than or equal to 250kJ/kg after 7 d.
Preferably, the class I fly ash is class F class I fly ash which meets the technical requirements of GB/T1596-2017 fly ash for cement and concrete, the fineness of the class F class I fly ash is-45 mu m, the screen residue is less than 10%, the water demand ratio is less than or equal to 95%, the ignition loss is less than 5%, and the 28d activity index is more than or equal to 80%.
Preferably, the artificial sand is produced from basalt excavating materials, meets the technical requirements of DL/T5144-2015 Hydraulic concrete construction Specification, and has the fineness modulus of 2.4-2.8, the stone powder content of 10-17 percent and the saturated surface dry water absorption rate of less than or equal to 2 percent.
Preferably, the macadam is produced from basalt excavating material and meets the requirements of DL/T5144-The technical requirement of the Industrial concrete construction Specification is that the apparent density is 2900kg/m3The crushing value is less than or equal to 5 percent, the needle sheet content is less than 5 percent, and the maximum grain size is 40mm or 80 mm.
Preferably, the water reducing agent is a retarding polycarboxylic acid high-performance water reducing agent meeting the technical requirements of GB/T8076-2008 concrete admixture, and the water reducing rate is more than or equal to 27 percent, and the 28d compressive strength ratio is more than or equal to 196 percent.
Preferably, the air entraining agent meets the technical requirements of GB/T8076-2008 concrete admixture, and the water reducing rate is more than or equal to 7 percent.
The concrete is low-slump normal concrete, the design age is more than or equal to 90 days, the slump is 50-110 mm, the air content is 3.0-4.0%, the fly ash mixing amount is 15-25% (the fly ash mixing amount is fly ash weight portion/(cement weight portion + fly ash weight portion) × 100%), and the aggregate grading is two-grade or three-grade.
The preparation method of the high-strength high-crack-resistance abrasion-resistant concrete comprises the following steps: sequentially adding the artificial sand, the low-heat portland cement, the I-grade fly ash and the crushed stone prepared from the basalt excavating material into a concrete stirring device according to the sequence of the sand, the cement, the fly ash and the crushed stone, firstly starting the stirring device to stir for 30-60 s, adding 1/4-1/2 parts by weight of mixing water in the stirring process, secondly starting the concrete stirring device to stir for 120-150 s, adding the rest 1/2-3/4 parts by weight of mixing water in which the water reducing agent and the air entraining agent are dissolved in the stirring process, discharging the concrete mixture out of a machine to detect the performance of the concrete mixture after stirring, and if the performance meets the design index requirement, transporting the concrete mixture to a construction site by using a dumper with a sunshade to pour concrete, completing vibration, pouring, and pouring, After plastering, covering with geotextile, spraying water and curing to the age of 90-180 d, thus finishing the preparation of the concrete.
The invention provides high-strength high-crack-resistance anti-abrasion concrete using basalt excavating material as aggregate and a preparation method thereof, and the concrete has the following beneficial effects:
1. the excavation material is utilized on site, and the economic and environmental-friendly benefits are high: the basalt excavation material of the hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering is used as the mother rock to produce the aggregate to prepare the anti-abrasion concrete, so that the local utilization and the on-site processing production of the aggregate mother rock are realized, the mining of mines is avoided, mineral resources are saved, a large amount of fields and high transportation cost required by slag material stacking are saved, and the high-strength basalt aggregate is favorable for ensuring the strength and the anti-abrasion performance of the concrete.
2. The material combination is excellent, the workability is good: the method breaks through the traditional combined scheme of materials of ordinary silicate or silicate cement, silicon powder and an expanding agent (curing agent) adopted for preparing the high-strength anti-cracking anti-abrasion concrete, provides a brand-new technical scheme of adopting low-heat silicate cement and high-doping-amount high-quality class I fly ash (the doping amount of the fly ash is up to 15-25 percent), improves the workability of concrete mixture by utilizing the characteristics of high later strength increase and micro expansion of the low-heat silicate cement and water reducing effect of the class I fly ash rich in glass microspheres, ensures the later strength and anti-abrasion performance of the concrete, and avoids the defects of large construction difficulty, high curing requirement and large shrinkage deformation reduction of the anti-cracking performance of the concrete after the silicon powder is doped.
3. Good economical efficiency and high crack resistance: the anti-abrasion concrete is prepared by adopting low-heat portland cement, 15-25% of I-grade fly ash mixing amount, aggregate gradation of 50-110 mm low design slump and 40mm or 80mm maximum grain diameter, and the long-age covering water spraying maintenance of 90-180 d is adopted, so that the characteristics of low water requirement, low early hydration heat, low hydration speed and later micro-expansion of the low-heat portland cement are exerted, the water consumption of the concrete and the use amount of a cementing material, the highest temperature and compensation shrinkage deformation are greatly reduced, the probability and risk of cracking of the concrete due to temperature cracks caused by internal and external temperature difference and shrinkage cracks caused by hydration of the cementing material are radically reduced, the crack resistance of the concrete is obviously improved, and the material cost of the concrete is reduced.
Detailed Description
Example one
The engineering situations involved are as follows:
the design label of concrete design of bottom plate of falling tail section of flood discharge tunnel of certain hydropower station is C9060F150W10 impact-resistant concrete, continuously feeding and warehousing by a spreader on site,determining the concrete design slump of 70-90 mm, the air content of 3.0-4.0% and secondary aggregate, selecting the mix proportion parameters of 0.33 water-cement ratio, 20% fly ash mix proportion and 32% sand ratio to carry out the performance test of concrete mixture, and determining the construction mix proportion as-water: cement: fly ash: sand: crushing stone: water reducing agent: air entraining agent 121:294:73:659:1400:2.936:0.033 (kg/m)3)。
According to the engineering design condition, the required high-strength high-crack-resistance abrasion-resistant concrete comprises the following components in parts by weight:
294 portions of low-heat portland cement
73 parts by weight of I-grade fly ash
659 weight parts of artificial sand produced from basalt excavating material
1400 parts by weight of crushed stone (630 parts by weight of small stones with the particle size range of 5-20 mm, 770 parts by weight of medium stones with the particle size range of 20-40 mm) produced from basalt excavating material;
121 parts of water
2.936 parts of retarding polycarboxylic acid high-performance water reducing agent
0.033 part by weight of an air entraining agent.
Example two
The engineering situations involved are as follows:
the design label of concrete on the bottom plate surface of the water cushion pond of a certain hydropower station is C9050F150W8 impact-resistant concrete, adopting a suspended tank warehousing slip-form construction on site, determining that the designed slump of the concrete is 90-110 mm, the air content is 3.5-4.0%, preparing secondary aggregate, selecting the mixing ratio parameters of 0.38 water-cement ratio, 25% fly ash mixing amount and 34% sand ratio to carry out a concrete mixture performance test, and determining that the construction mixing ratio is-water: cement: fly ash: sand: stone: water reducing agent: air entraining agent 126:249:83:694:1346:2.321:0.027 (kg/m)3)。
According to the engineering design condition, the required high-strength high-crack-resistance abrasion-resistant concrete comprises the following components in parts by weight:
249 weight portions of low heat portland cement
83 parts of I-grade fly ash
Artificial sand 694 parts by weight prepared from basalt excavation material
1346 parts by weight of crushed stone produced from basalt excavating material (606 parts by weight of small stone with a particle size range of 5-20 mm, 740 parts by weight of medium stone with a particle size range of 20-40 mm);
126 parts by weight of water
2.321 parts of retarding polycarboxylic acid high-performance water reducing agent
0.027 parts by weight of air entraining agent.
EXAMPLE III
The engineering situations involved are as follows:
the design label of the inner layer concrete of the bottom plate of the water cushion pond of a certain hydropower station is C9050F150W8 impact-resistant concrete is subjected to on-site tank-hoisting and slip-form construction, the concrete design slump of 50-70 mm, the air content of 3.0-3.5% and three-level aggregate are determined, a concrete mixture performance test is carried out by selecting the mixing ratio parameters of 0.38 water-cement ratio, 25% fly ash mixing amount and 30% sand ratio, and the construction mixing ratio is determined as-water: cement: fly ash: sand: stone: water reducing agent: air entraining agent 110:246:43:629:1469:2.026:0.023 (kg/m)3)。
According to the engineering design condition, the required high-strength high-crack-resistance abrasion-resistant concrete comprises the following components in parts by weight:
low heat portland cement 246 weight portions
43 parts of I-grade fly ash
629 parts by weight of artificial sand produced from basalt excavation material
1469 parts by weight of crushed stone (587 parts by weight of small stone having a particle size of 5 to 20mm, 441 parts by weight of medium stone having a particle size of 20 to 40mm, 441 parts by weight of large stone having a particle size of 40 to 80 mm) produced from basalt cutting material
110 parts by weight of water
2.026 parts of a retarding polycarboxylic acid high-performance water reducing agent;
0.023 parts of air entraining agent.
In the first to third embodiments described above,
the low-heat portland cement is 42.5-grade low-heat portland cement meeting the technical requirements of GB/T200-2017 moderate-heat portland cement and low-heat portland cement, and the specific surface area of the low-heat portland cement is 250kg/m3～340kg/m2The 28d mortar has a compressive strength of more than or equal to 43.5MPa, an MgO content of 4.0-5.0% and a hydration heat of less than or equal to 250kJ/kg after 7 d.
The class I fly ash is class F class I fly ash which meets the technical requirements of GB/T1596 & 2017 fly ash for cement and concrete, the fineness of the class F class I fly ash is-45 mu m, the screen residue is less than 10%, the water demand ratio is less than or equal to 95%, the ignition loss is less than 5%, and the 28d activity index is more than or equal to 80%.
The artificial sand is produced from basalt excavating materials, meets the technical requirements of DL/T5144-2015 Hydraulic concrete construction Specification, has a fineness modulus of 2.4-2.8, a stone powder content of 10-17 percent and a saturated surface dry water absorption rate of less than or equal to 2 percent.
The macadam is produced from basalt excavating materials, meets the technical requirements of DL/T5144-supplement 2015 Hydraulic concrete construction Specification, and has the apparent density of 2900kg/m3The crushing value is less than or equal to 5 percent, the needle sheet content is less than 5 percent, and the maximum grain size is 40mm or 80 mm.
The water reducing agent is a retarding polycarboxylic acid high-performance water reducing agent which meets the technical requirements of GB/T8076-2008 concrete admixture, and has the water reducing rate of more than or equal to 27 percent and the 28d compressive strength ratio of more than or equal to 196 percent.
The air entraining agent meets the technical requirements of GB/T8076-2008 concrete admixture, and the water reducing rate is more than or equal to 7 percent.
The concrete is low-slump normal concrete, the design age is more than or equal to 90 days, the slump is 50-110 mm, the air content is 3.0-4.0%, the blending amount of the fly ash is 15-25%, and the aggregate grading is secondary grading or tertiary grading.
Example four
The preparation method of the first embodiment to the third embodiment is as follows:
sequentially adding the artificial sand, the low-heat portland cement, the I-grade fly ash and the crushed stone prepared from the basalt excavating material into a concrete stirring device according to the sequence of the sand, the cement, the fly ash and the crushed stone, firstly starting the stirring device to stir for 30-60 s, adding 1/4-1/2 parts by weight of mixing water in the stirring process, secondly starting the concrete stirring device to stir for 120-150 s, adding the rest 1/2-3/4 parts by weight of mixing water in which the water reducing agent and the air entraining agent are dissolved in the stirring process, discharging the concrete mixture out of a machine to detect the performance of the concrete mixture after stirring, and if the performance meets the design index requirement, transporting the concrete mixture to a construction site by using a dumper with a sunshade to pour concrete, completing vibration, pouring, and pouring, After plastering, covering with geotextile, spraying water and curing to the age of 90-180 d, thus finishing the preparation of the concrete.
EXAMPLE five
Table 1 shows the mixing ratio of the anti-abrasion concrete in the examples and the comparative examples of the invention, the compression strength, the anti-abrasion performance (underwater steel ball method) and the deformation performance of the concrete are detected according to the Hydraulic concrete test Specification (DL/T5150-2017), and the crack resistance of the concrete is detected according to the concrete structure durability design and construction guide (CCES 01-2004).
TABLE 1 compounding ratio (kg/m) of high-strength, high-crack-resistance and abrasion-resistant concrete of the present invention3)
Table 2 shows the main parameters of the mixing ratio of the high-strength high-crack-resistance anti-abrasion concrete of the invention and the anti-abrasion concrete of the comparative example. It can be seen that when the anti-abrasion concrete with the same strength grade is prepared, the water consumption and the rubber material consumption of the high-strength high-crack-resistance anti-abrasion concrete are obviously lower than those of the comparative examples, and the rubber material consumption of the examples 1, 2 and 3 is reduced by 73kg/m compared with that of the comparative examples 1, 2 and 3 respectively3、63kg/m3And 79kg/m3And silicon powder and an expanding agent are not additionally added, so that the cost of the concrete raw material is greatly reduced. If the number of the hydropower station engineering water outlet structures is ten thousands of meters3And the economic benefit is obvious by calculating the consumption of the anti-abrasion concrete.
TABLE 2 Main parameters of the mix proportion of the high-strength, high-crack-resistance and abrasion-resistant concrete of the invention
Table 3 shows the comparison of the properties of the high-strength, high-crack-resistance and abrasion-resistant concrete of the invention with those of the comparative example. It can be seen that the compressive strength and the impact strength of the high-strength high-crack-resistance abrasion-resistant concrete of the invention at the design age are slightly higher than those of the comparative example, the 180d dry shrinkage value is lower than that of the comparative example to a different extent, but the 28d adiabatic temperature rise and the crack area are obviously lower than those of the comparative example. Taking example 1 as an example, the 28d adiabatic temperature rise and the cracking area of the material are reduced by 11.6 ℃ and 134mm compared with those of comparative example 12/m2The amplitude reduction reaches 24 percent and 20 percent. Therefore, under the same design strength, the crack resistance of the high-strength high-crack-resistance abrasion-resistant concrete is obviously superior to that of a comparative example, and the high-strength high-crack-resistance abrasion-resistant concrete plays an important role in improving the temperature control anti-cracking performance of large-volume abrasion-resistant concrete on the overflow surface of a drainage building.
At present, the invention is successfully applied to flood discharge tunnel engineering and plunge pool engineering of a certain extra-large hydropower station downstream of Jinshajiang, temperature cracks are not found so far, and the application effect is good.
TABLE 3 Performance test results for high strength, high crack resistance and abrasion resistance concrete of the present invention
Note: example 3 test results are wet sieve secondary compound concrete performance test results.
The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and features in the embodiments and examples in the present application may be arbitrarily combined with each other without conflict. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the claims, and includes equivalents of technical features of the claims. I.e., equivalent alterations and modifications within the scope hereof, are also intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The high-strength high-crack-resistance abrasion-resistant concrete with the basalt excavation material as the aggregate is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
246-294 parts by weight of low-heat silicate cement
43-83 parts of I-grade fly ash
629-694 parts by weight of artificial sand produced from basalt excavation material
1346-1469 parts by weight of crushed stone produced from basalt excavating material
110 to 126 parts by weight of water
2.026-2.936 parts by weight of retarding polycarboxylic acid high-performance water reducing agent
0.023 to 0.033 parts by weight of an air entraining agent.
2. The high-strength high-crack-resistance abrasion-resistant concrete using the basalt excavation material as the aggregate according to claim 1, wherein: the weight parts of the components are as follows:
294 portions of low-heat portland cement
73 parts by weight of I-grade fly ash
659 weight parts of artificial sand produced from basalt excavating material
1400 parts by weight of crushed stone produced from basalt cutting material
121 parts of water
2.936 parts of retarding polycarboxylic acid high-performance water reducing agent
0.033 part by weight of an air entraining agent.
3. The high-strength high-crack-resistance abrasion-resistant concrete using the basalt excavation material as the aggregate according to claim 1, wherein: low heat portland cement42.5-grade low-heat portland cement meeting the technical requirements of GB/T200-contained 2017 moderate-heat portland cement and low-heat portland cement, and the specific surface area of the low-heat portland cement is 250kg/m3～340kg/m2The 28d mortar has a compressive strength of more than or equal to 43.5MPa, an MgO content of 4.0-5.0% and a hydration heat of less than or equal to 250kJ/kg after 7 d.
4. The high-strength high-crack-resistance abrasion-resistant concrete using the basalt excavation material as the aggregate according to claim 1, wherein: the class I fly ash is class F class I fly ash which meets the technical requirements of GB/T1596 & 2017 fly ash for cement and concrete, the fineness of the class F class I fly ash is-45 mu m, the screen residue is less than 10%, the water demand ratio is less than or equal to 95%, the ignition loss is less than 5%, and the 28d activity index is more than or equal to 80%.
5. The high-strength high-crack-resistance abrasion-resistant concrete using the basalt excavation material as the aggregate according to claim 1, wherein: the artificial sand is produced from basalt excavating materials, meets the technical requirements of DL/T5144-2015 Hydraulic concrete construction Specification, has a fineness modulus of 2.4-2.8, a stone powder content of 10-17 percent and a saturated surface dry water absorption rate of less than or equal to 2 percent.
6. The high-strength high-crack-resistance abrasion-resistant concrete using the basalt excavation material as the aggregate according to claim 1, wherein: the macadam is produced from basalt excavating materials, meets the technical requirements of DL/T5144-supplement 2015 Hydraulic concrete construction Specification, and has the apparent density of 2900kg/m3The crushing value is less than or equal to 5 percent, the needle sheet content is less than 5 percent, and the maximum grain size is 40mm or 80 mm.
7. The high-strength high-crack-resistance abrasion-resistant concrete using the basalt excavation material as the aggregate according to claim 1, wherein: the water reducing agent is a retarding polycarboxylic acid high-performance water reducing agent which meets the technical requirements of GB/T8076-2008 concrete admixture, and has the water reducing rate of more than or equal to 27 percent and the 28d compressive strength ratio of more than or equal to 196 percent.
8. The high-strength high-crack-resistance abrasion-resistant concrete using the basalt excavation material as the aggregate according to claim 1, wherein: the air entraining agent meets the technical requirements of GB/T8076-2008 concrete admixture, and the water reducing rate is more than or equal to 7 percent.
9. The high-strength high-crack-resistance abrasion-resistant concrete using the basalt excavation material as the aggregate according to claim 1, wherein: the concrete is low-slump normal concrete, the design age is more than or equal to 90 days, the slump is 50-110 mm, the air content is 3.0-4.0%, the blending amount of the fly ash is 15-25%, and the aggregate grading is secondary grading or tertiary grading.
10. A method for the preparation of a concrete according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it comprises: sequentially adding the artificial sand, the low-heat portland cement, the I-grade fly ash and the crushed stone produced by the basalt excavating material into a concrete stirring device according to the sequence of the sand, the cement, the fly ash and the crushed stone, firstly starting the stirring device to stir for 30-60 s, adding 1/4-1/2 parts by weight of mixing water in the stirring process, secondly starting the concrete stirring device to stir for 120-150 s, adding the rest 1/2-3/4 parts by weight of mixing water in which the water reducing agent and the air entraining agent are dissolved in the stirring process, discharging the concrete mixture out of a machine to detect the performance of the concrete mixture after stirring, transporting the concrete mixture to a construction site for pouring if the performance meets the design index requirement, covering and spraying water to maintain for 90-180 d after vibrating and plastering are completed, thus completing the preparation of the concrete.
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