CN112248791A - 一种混合动力式无级变速器起步控制装置及控制方法 - Google Patents

一种混合动力式无级变速器起步控制装置及控制方法 Download PDF

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CN112248791A
CN112248791A CN202011169999.4A CN202011169999A CN112248791A CN 112248791 A CN112248791 A CN 112248791A CN 202011169999 A CN202011169999 A CN 202011169999A CN 112248791 A CN112248791 A CN 112248791A
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CN112248791B (zh
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刘金刚
郑剑云
傅兵
许杨
朱泰平
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Xiangtan University
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种混合动力式无级变速器起步控制装置及控制方法，装置包括前进倒档机构、齿轮起步机构、减速机构及车轮；前进倒档机构包括行星轮系；太阳轮连接变速机构的输入轴，行星架与发动机连接，齿圈与车体之间设有倒挡制动器，太阳轮与行星架之间设有前进挡离合器；齿轮起步机构包括依次啮合的齿轮Ⅰ、齿轮Ⅱ及齿轮Ⅲ；齿轮Ⅰ与行星架之间设有离合器Ⅰ；齿轮Ⅱ的转轴和电机的输出轴之间设有离合器Ⅱ；齿轮Ⅲ的转轴和发电机的转轴设有离合器Ⅲ，齿轮Ⅲ的转轴和减速机构的输入轴之间设有离合器Ⅳ；发电机通过逆变器连接电机和蓄电池；减速机构的输出轴连接车轮。本发明能为车辆提供较大扭矩，提高无级变速器起步性能，使得车辆换挡平稳。

Description

一种混合动力式无级变速器起步控制装置及控制方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种混合动力式无级变速器起步控制装置及控制方法。
背景技术
传统车辆中，无极变速器往往只是通过燃油发动机提供驱动动力，虽然能为传动***提供足够的动力，但却不够环保。电动化、智能化是当今汽车发展的主要趋势，预计到2024 年，中国市场新能源汽车产销量达1000万辆，智能汽车产销量达1600万辆。伴随 电动化、网联化、智能化、共享化等概念逐步产生和发展，新能源汽车产业正经历着巨大的变革，如何打造更加节能、高效、安全的出行，成为了汽车行业变革的终极目标。然而新能源电动汽车虽然具有突出的环保优势，但是其产业发展的研究总体上处于起步阶段，受限于燃料电池等关键技术，其动力差、行驶路程短以及成本高等问题没有得到解决，因此，目前纯电动汽车的局限性特点造成其很难市场化。
无级变速器（CVT）舍去了传统的齿轮组，依靠钢带在锥形轮上滑动来实现动力传输和传动比变化，能连续改变速比从而使发动机运转始终保持在最佳状态，并且在更换速比过程中无需中断动力传递，动力传输无顿挫感，平顺性非常好，且可将发动机转速控制在低油耗区间，降低发动机油耗，因此，在燃油经济性、操纵方便性和乘坐舒适性方面具有得天独厚的优势，被认为是最理想的传动方式。但是，无级变速起步加速性能略差，承受的最大扭矩偏小，稳定性也相对较差，尤其是车辆在起步工况、上坡工况等其他复杂工况需要较大扭矩时，无级变速器钢带传递的扭矩却相对有限。
发明内容
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明提供一种能满足起步上坡等工况下的大扭矩需求，为车辆提供较大扭矩，能较大提高无级变速器起步性能，同时使得车辆中高转速工况下换挡平稳，具有良好的动力传输性能的混合动力式无级变速器起步控制装置及控制方法，它还能降低燃油消耗，减少车辆尾气排放，更加环保。
本发明采用的技术方案是：一种混合动力式无级变速器起步控制装置，包括发动机、液力变矩器、前进倒档机构、变速机构、齿轮起步机构、减速机构及车轮；
所述的前进倒档机构包括齿圈、行星架、行星轮及太阳轮；所述的太阳轮连接变速机构的输入轴，所述齿圈、行星轮及太阳轮构成行星轮系；行星轮安装在行星架上；行星架与液力变矩器的输出轴连接，液力变矩器的输入轴与发动机连接，所述的齿圈与车体之间设有倒挡制动器，太阳轮与行星架之间设有前进挡离合器；
所述的齿轮起步机构包括离合器Ⅰ、离合器Ⅱ、离合器Ⅲ、、离合器Ⅳ、齿轮Ⅰ、齿轮Ⅱ、齿轮Ⅲ；齿轮Ⅰ与行星架之间设有离合器Ⅰ；齿轮Ⅰ与齿轮Ⅱ啮合，齿轮Ⅱ的转轴和电机的输出轴之间设有离合器Ⅱ；齿轮Ⅱ与齿轮Ⅲ啮合，齿轮Ⅲ的转轴和发电机的转轴设有离合器Ⅲ，齿轮Ⅲ的转轴和减速机构的输入轴之间设有离合器Ⅳ；发电机连接逆变器，逆变器连接电机和蓄电池；减速机构的输入轴连接变速机构的输出轴，减速机构的输出轴连接车轮。
上述的混合动力式无级变速器起步控制装置中，所述的变速机构为金属带式无级变速器。
上述的混合动力式无级变速器起步控制装置中，所述的减速机构的输出轴连接差速器输入轴，差速器的输出轴连接车轮。
上述的混合动力式无级变速器起步控制装置中，所述的减速机构包括齿轮Ⅳ、齿轮Ⅴ、齿轮Ⅵ及齿轮Ⅶ，齿轮Ⅳ安装在减速机构输入轴上，齿轮Ⅴ和齿轮Ⅵ安装在传动轴上，齿轮Ⅶ安装在减速机构输出轴上；齿轮Ⅳ与齿轮Ⅴ啮合，齿轮Ⅵ与齿轮Ⅶ啮合。
一种利用上述的混合动力式无级变速器起步控制装置的混合动力式无级变速器起步控制方法，具体操作如下：
状态1：完全由发动机提供***动力控制无级变速器起步
控制前进挡离合器、离合器Ⅰ、离合器Ⅲ、离合器Ⅳ闭合，发动机动力传递至前进倒档机构中的行星架，然后通过前进倒档机构传递给变速机构的输入轴，同时经过离合器Ⅰ传递至齿轮I，齿轮I通过齿轮Ⅱ带动齿轮Ⅲ转动，齿轮Ⅲ通过离合器Ⅲ带动发电机发电并存在蓄电池中，当蓄电池电量满时，离合器Ⅲ分离；变速机构的输出轴动力经过减速机构传递至车轮，齿轮Ⅲ的动力通过离合器Ⅳ、减速机构传递至车轮，驱动车轮转动；等到车辆平稳起步后，离合器Ⅰ和离合器Ⅳ分离，由变速机构单独进行动力传递；
状态:2：完全由电机提供***动力控制无级变速器起步
控制前进挡离合器、离合器Ⅰ、离合器Ⅱ和离合器Ⅳ闭合，电机的动力经过离合器Ⅱ传递至齿轮Ⅱ，齿轮Ⅱ带动齿轮Ⅲ转动，齿轮Ⅲ通过离合器Ⅳ、减速机构传递至车轮，驱动车轮转动；同时，齿轮Ⅱ通过与齿轮Ⅰ啮合进行动力传递，齿轮Ⅰ通过离合器Ⅰ传递至行星架，行星架通过前进挡离合器、太阳轮带动变速机构的输入轴转动，变速机构的输出轴将动力经减速机构传递至车轮；等到车辆平稳起步后，离合器Ⅳ分离，由变速机构单独进行动力传递；
状态3：发动机和电机混合提供***动力控制无级变速器起步
控制前进挡离合器、离合器Ⅰ、离合器Ⅱ和离合器Ⅳ闭合，发动机动力经行星架、前进挡离合器、太阳轮传递至变速机构的输入轴，再经变速机构的输出轴传递至减速机构；同时，电机的动力一路经过离合器Ⅱ、齿轮Ⅱ、齿轮Ⅲ、离合器Ⅳ传递至减速结构，另一路经离合器Ⅱ、齿轮Ⅱ、齿轮I、行星架、前进挡离合器、太阳轮传递至变速机构的输入轴，再经变速机构的输出轴传递着减速机构；减速机构驱动车轮转动；等到车辆平稳起步后，离合器Ⅳ分离，由变速机构单独进行动力传递。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
本发明通过无极变速器和齿轮起步机构的混合传动机构，可满足起步上坡等工况下的大扭矩需求，为车辆提供较大扭矩，能较大提高无级变速器起步性能，同时使得车辆中高转速工况下换挡平稳，具有良好的动力传输性能；本发明通过发动机与电机的动力源混合方式，可以降低燃油消耗，减少车辆尾气排放，更加环保。
附图说明
图1为本发明混合动力式无级变速器起步控制装置的结构图。
图中：1.齿轮Ⅰ，2.离合器Ⅰ，3.行星架，4 .前进挡离合器，5 .倒挡制动器，6 .齿圈，7.行星轮，8.太阳轮，9.无级变速器，10.齿轮Ⅱ，11.离合器Ⅱ，12.离合器Ⅲ，13.齿轮Ⅲ，14 .离合器Ⅳ，15.齿轮Ⅳ，16.齿轮Ⅴ，17.齿轮Ⅵ，18.齿轮Ⅶ，19.差速器，A.轴承，B.轴承，C.轴承，D.轴承，E. 轴承，F.轴承，G. 轴承，H.轴承，I.轴承，J.轴承，K.轴承。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明做进一步的说明。
如图1所示，本发明的混合动力式无级变速器起步控制装置，包括发动机、液力变矩器、前进倒档机构、变速机构、齿轮起步机构、减速机构及车轮；
所述的变速机构9采用的是金属带式无级变速器。所述的前进倒档机构包括齿圈6、行星架3、行星轮7及太阳轮8；所述的太阳轮8连接变速机构9的输入轴，所述齿圈6、行星轮7及太阳轮8构成行星轮系。行星轮7安装在行星架3上；行星架3与液力变矩器的输出轴连接，液力变矩器的输入轴与发动机连接。所述的齿圈6与车体之间设有倒挡制动器5，太阳轮8与行星架3之间设有前进挡离合器4。
所述的齿轮起步机构包括离合器Ⅰ2、离合器Ⅱ11、离合器Ⅲ12、离合器Ⅳ14、齿轮Ⅰ1、齿轮Ⅱ10、齿轮Ⅲ13。齿轮Ⅰ1与行星架3之间设有离合器Ⅰ2；齿轮Ⅰ1与齿轮Ⅱ10啮合，齿轮Ⅱ10的转轴和电机的输出轴之间设有离合器Ⅱ11。齿轮Ⅱ10与齿轮Ⅲ13啮合，齿轮Ⅲ13的转轴和发电机的转轴设有离合器Ⅲ12，齿轮Ⅲ13的转轴和减速机构的输入轴之间设有离合器离合器Ⅳ14；发电机连接逆变器，逆变器连接电机和蓄电池。减速机构的输入轴连接变速机构9的输出轴，减速机构的输出轴连接差速器19的输入轴，差速器19的输出轴连接车轮。
所述的减速机构包括齿轮Ⅳ15、齿轮Ⅴ16、齿轮Ⅵ17及齿轮Ⅶ18，齿轮Ⅳ15安装在减速机构输入轴上，齿轮Ⅴ16和齿轮Ⅵ17安装在传动轴上，齿轮Ⅶ18安装在减速机构输出轴上；齿轮Ⅳ15与齿轮Ⅴ16啮合，齿轮Ⅵ17与齿轮Ⅶ18啮合。
本发明的混合动力式无级变速器起步控制方法，具体操作如下：
状态1：完全由发动机提供***动力控制无级变速器起步
控制前进挡离合器4、离合器Ⅰ2、离合器Ⅲ12、离合器Ⅳ14闭合，发动机动力传递至前进倒档机构中的行星架3，然后通过前进倒档机构传递给变速机构9的输入轴，同时经过离合器Ⅰ2传递至齿轮I1，齿轮I1通过齿轮Ⅱ10带动齿轮Ⅲ13转动，齿轮Ⅲ13通过离合器Ⅲ12带动发电机发电并存在蓄电池中，当蓄电池电量满时，离合器Ⅲ12分离；变速机构9的输出轴动力经过减速机构传递至车轮，齿轮Ⅲ13的动力通过离合器Ⅳ14、减速机构传递至车轮，驱动车轮转动；等到车辆平稳起步后，离合器Ⅰ2和离合器Ⅳ14分离，由变速机构9单独进行动力传递；
状态:2：完全由电机提供***动力控制无级变速器起步
控制前进挡离合器4、离合器Ⅰ2、离合器Ⅱ11和离合器Ⅳ14闭合，电机的动力经过离合器Ⅱ11传递至齿轮Ⅱ10，齿轮Ⅱ10带动齿轮Ⅲ13转动，齿轮Ⅲ13通过离合器Ⅳ14、减速机构传递至车轮，驱动车轮转动；同时，齿轮Ⅱ10通过与齿轮Ⅰ1啮合进行动力传递，齿轮Ⅰ1通过离合器Ⅰ2传递至行星架3，行星架3通过前进挡离合器4、太阳轮8带动变速机构9的输入轴转动，变速机构9的输出轴将动力经减速机构传递至车轮；等到车辆平稳起步后，离合器Ⅳ14分离，由变速机构9单独进行动力传递；
状态3：发动机和电机混合提供***动力控制无级变速器起步
控制前进挡离合器4、离合器Ⅰ2、离合器Ⅱ11和离合器Ⅳ14闭合，发动机动力经行星架3、前进挡离合器4、太阳轮8传递至变速机构9的输入轴，再经变速机构9的输出轴传递至减速机构；同时，电机的动力一路经过离合器Ⅱ11、齿轮Ⅱ10、齿轮Ⅲ13、离合器Ⅳ14传递至减速结构，另一路经离合器Ⅱ11、齿轮Ⅱ10、齿轮I1、行星架3、前进挡离合器4、太阳轮8传递至变速机构9的输入轴，再经变速机构9的输出轴传递着减速机构；减速机构驱动车轮转动；等到车辆平稳起步后，离合器Ⅳ14分离，由变速机构单独进行动力传递。

Claims (5)

1.一种混合动力式无级变速器起步控制装置，其特征在于：包括发动机、液力变矩器、前进倒档机构、变速机构、齿轮起步机构、减速机构及车轮；
所述的前进倒档机构包括齿圈、行星架、行星轮及太阳轮；所述的太阳轮连接变速机构的输入轴，所述齿圈、行星轮及太阳轮构成行星轮系；行星轮安装在行星架上；行星架与液力变矩器的输出轴连接，液力变矩器的输入轴与发动机连接，所述的齿圈与车体之间设有倒挡制动器，太阳轮与行星架之间设有前进挡离合器；
所述的齿轮起步机构包括离合器Ⅰ、离合器Ⅱ、离合器Ⅲ、离合器Ⅳ、齿轮Ⅰ、齿轮Ⅱ、齿轮Ⅲ；齿轮Ⅰ与行星架之间设有离合器Ⅰ；齿轮Ⅰ与齿轮Ⅱ啮合，齿轮Ⅱ的转轴和电机的输出轴之间设有离合器Ⅱ；齿轮Ⅱ与齿轮Ⅲ啮合，齿轮Ⅲ的转轴和发电机的转轴设有离合器Ⅲ，齿轮Ⅲ的转轴和减速机构的输入轴之间设有离合器Ⅳ；发电机连接逆变器，逆变器连接电机和蓄电池；减速机构的输入轴连接变速机构的输出轴，减速机构的输出轴连接车轮。
2.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力式无级变速器起步控制装置，其特征在于：所述的变速机构为金属带式无级变速器。
3.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力式无级变速器起步控制装置，其特征在于：所述的减速机构的输出轴连接差速器输入轴，差速器的输出轴连接车轮。
4.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力式无级变速器起步控制装置，其特征在于：所述的减速机构包括齿轮Ⅳ、齿轮Ⅴ、齿轮Ⅵ及齿轮Ⅶ，齿轮Ⅳ安装在减速机构输入轴上，齿轮Ⅴ和齿轮Ⅵ安装在传动轴上，齿轮Ⅶ安装在减速机构输出轴上；齿轮Ⅳ与齿轮Ⅴ啮合，齿轮Ⅵ与齿轮Ⅶ啮合。
5.一种利用权利要求1-4中任一权利要求所述的混合动力式无级变速器起步控制装置的混合动力式无级变速器起步控制方法，具体操作如下：
状态1：完全由发动机提供***动力控制无级变速器起步
控制前进挡离合器、离合器Ⅰ、离合器Ⅲ、离合器Ⅳ闭合，发动机动力传递至前进倒档机构中的行星架，然后通过前进倒档机构传递给变速机构的输入轴，同时经过离合器Ⅰ传递至齿轮I，齿轮I通过齿轮Ⅱ带动齿轮Ⅲ转动，齿轮Ⅲ通过离合器Ⅲ带动发电机发电并存在蓄电池中，当蓄电池电量满时，离合器Ⅲ分离；变速机构的输出轴动力经过减速机构传递至车轮，齿轮Ⅲ的动力通过离合器Ⅳ、减速机构传递至车轮，驱动车轮转动；等到车辆平稳起步后，离合器Ⅰ和离合器Ⅳ分离，由变速机构单独进行动力传递；
状态:2：完全由电机提供***动力控制无级变速器起步
控制前进挡离合器、离合器Ⅰ、离合器Ⅱ和离合器Ⅳ闭合，电机的动力经过离合器Ⅱ传递至齿轮Ⅱ，齿轮Ⅱ带动齿轮Ⅲ转动，齿轮Ⅲ通过离合器Ⅳ、减速机构传递至车轮，驱动车轮转动；同时，齿轮Ⅱ通过与齿轮Ⅰ啮合进行动力传递，齿轮Ⅰ通过离合器Ⅰ传递至行星架，行星架通过前进挡离合器、太阳轮带动变速机构的输入轴转动，变速机构的输出轴将动力经减速机构传递至车轮；等到车辆平稳起步后，离合器Ⅳ分离，由变速机构单独进行动力传递；
状态3：发动机和电机混合提供***动力控制无级变速器起步
控制前进挡离合器、离合器Ⅰ、离合器Ⅱ和离合器Ⅳ闭合，发动机动力经行星架、前进挡离合器、太阳轮传递至变速机构的输入轴，再经变速机构的输出轴传递至减速机构；同时，电机的动力一路经过离合器Ⅱ、齿轮Ⅱ、齿轮Ⅲ、离合器Ⅳ传递至减速结构，另一路经离合器Ⅱ、齿轮Ⅱ、齿轮I、行星架、前进挡离合器、太阳轮传递至变速机构的输入轴，再经变速机构的输出轴传递着减速机构；减速机构驱动车轮转动；等到车辆平稳起步后，离合器Ⅳ分离，由变速机构单独进行动力传递。
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