CN112228032B - Visual intelligent proppant pulse injection sand paving experimental device and method - Google Patents
Visual intelligent proppant pulse injection sand paving experimental device and method Download PDFInfo
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- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 104
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 244000035744 Hura crepitans Species 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Guanidine Chemical compound NC(N)=N ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- CHJJGSNFBQVOTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methyl-guanidine Natural products CNC(N)=N CHJJGSNFBQVOTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- SWSQBOPZIKWTGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylaminoamidine Natural products CN(C)C(N)=N SWSQBOPZIKWTGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000237858 Gastropoda Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a visual intelligent proppant pulse injection sanding experimental device and a method, wherein the device comprises a screw pump, a liquid distribution tank, a liquid storage tank, a sand box, a sand mixing tank, a shaft simulation device, a visual crack simulation device, an intelligent electric change-over switch and a filtering device, wherein the sand box is arranged on the sand mixing tank; the visual crack simulation device is connected to the shaft simulation device, the intelligent electric change-over switch is respectively communicated with the liquid storage tank, the sand mixing tank and the shaft simulation device through pipelines, the liquid distribution tank is respectively communicated with the screw pump, the liquid storage tank, the sand mixing tank and the filtering device through pipelines, and the filtering device is communicated with the crack simulation device through pipelines. The device can intelligently add sand, control key parameters such as sand ratio and the like, accurately control pulse time and simulate the influence of natural cracks on pulse sand adding; the sedimentation and sand-laying shape of the proppant in the crack can be visually observed, repeated experiments can be carried out for many times, and the cleaning efficiency of the device is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of development and research of oil and gas fields, and particularly relates to a visual intelligent proppant pulse injection sand laying experimental device and method.
Background
The pulse sand adding fracturing is that fracturing fluid and propping agent (and fibers are added) are uniformly mixed by adopting a sand mixing device to form sand mixing fluid and fracturing fluid, and the sand mixing fluid and the fracturing fluid are alternately injected into a fracturing target layer at a certain pulse interval, namely, a section of sand mixing fluid is pumped in a pulse mode, a section of pure fluid is pumped in, and repeated alternate circulation injection is carried out. The pulse sand adding mode enables pure liquid and sand mixing liquid containing the propping agent to alternately exist, the pure liquid effectively isolates the propping agent of the sand mixing liquid, a certain space is reserved between propping agent clusters, the propping agent is discontinuously paved, stable circulation channels are generated among the propping agent clusters, and the traditional yield increase concept that the propping agent is continuously and uniformly paved and the flow conductivity is generated by means of the accumulation of particles of the propping agent is broken. Therefore, compared with the conventional fracturing process, the pulse sand adding fracturing enables the propping agent to be wrapped by the fibers to form larger cluster support filling, fluid flows through the cluster filling columns, and the channel width is larger, so that the fracturing propping agent has higher fracture extension performance and flow conductivity, the pressure drop in the fracture is greatly reduced, the possibility of flowback of the fracturing propping agent is reduced, and the yield increasing effect is obvious compared with the conventional fracturing process.
At present, a proppant sand adding device, a sand paving device, a pulse pumping fracturing fluid and the like are researched, but a device for quickly, economically and effectively intelligently controlling pulse sand adding parameters is not developed, a method for efficiently cleaning an experimental device when repeated experiments are carried out for a plurality of times is not researched, and the influence of natural micro-cracks existing in an actual stratum on artificial cracks generated by hydraulic fracturing during pulse sand adding is not discussed. The patent "fluid alternately continuous pump in device for hydraulic fracturing simulation experiment" (CN203515536U) invented a fluid alternately continuous pump in experimental apparatus for hydraulic fracturing simulation experiment, the apparatus uses two high pressure container tanks to inject alternately, can study crack initiation and expansion under at least two different fracturing liquid alternately continuous pump injection processes, but can not intelligent control experiment parameter, in addition the apparatus has only designed experiment wellhead assembly, can not visual observation proppant lays the form, does not design the visual device of proppant slug. The invention discloses a pumping device for pulse sand fracturing intermediate displacement fluid, which is invented in the patent of pumping device and working method for pulse sand fracturing intermediate displacement fluid (CN 105239986A). The device realizes the pulse type alternate pumping of the sand-carrying fluid and the intermediate displacement fluid, and can observe the formation and distribution of proppant slugs through a visual device, but the device uses two pump units to alternately pump the fluid to realize the formation of the proppant slugs, and does not consider the influence of the hysteresis phenomenon caused by the switching of the fluid pulse of a pump in the pulse process on the pulse time. The invention provides a fracturing pulse sand adding system for realizing ultrahigh flow conductivity and a working method thereof (CN103321627A), and the fracturing pulse sand adding system for realizing ultrahigh flow conductivity can realize pulse injection of a fiber proppant slug, but the device does not explore the shape distribution condition of the slug formed by the proppant after pulse sand adding.
Therefore, new requirements are put forward to the sanding experimental apparatus that visual intelligent proppant pulse was injected, include: 1) the intelligent sand feeding and sand ratio control can be realized; 2) the pulse time parameter can be accurately controlled; 3) the method can simulate the influence of pulse sand addition on the proppant placement of the artificial fracture when a natural fracture exists; 4) the experimental device is efficiently cleaned when repeated experiments are carried out for a plurality of times; at present, no sand laying experimental device capable of realizing visual intelligent proppant pulse injection exists.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a visual intelligent proppant pulse injection sand laying experimental device and a visual intelligent proppant pulse injection sand laying experimental method. The computer control system can quickly adjust the pulse parameters by controlling the intelligent electric change-over switch without hysteresis. The double-layer structure of the visual crack simulation system can change the width of the crack, and valves on the upper part and the lower part of the simulated crack are beneficial to quick and effective cleaning after the experiment is finished. The intelligent device is utilized to simulate the pulse injection of the proppant into the fracture so as to observe the sedimentation and sand laying shape of the proppant in the fracture.
The technical scheme provided by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a visual intelligent proppant pulse injection sanding experimental device comprises a screw pump, a liquid distribution tank, a liquid storage tank, a sand box, a sand mixing tank, a shaft simulation device, a visual crack simulation device, an intelligent electric change-over switch and a filtering device, wherein the sand box is arranged on the sand mixing tank;
the visual crack simulation device is connected to the shaft simulation device, the intelligent electric change-over switch is respectively communicated with the liquid storage tank, the sand mixing tank and the shaft simulation device through pipelines, the liquid distribution tank is respectively communicated with the screw pump, the liquid storage tank, the sand mixing tank and the filtering device through pipelines, and the filtering device is communicated with the crack simulation device through pipelines.
The shaft simulation device comprises an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder arranged in the outer cylinder, wherein the inner cylinder is provided with a plurality of perforations.
The visual crack simulation device comprises two pieces of outer glass and inner double-layer glass arranged between the two pieces of outer glass, wherein an alloy material layer is arranged on the inner surface of the outer glass, and the two pieces of outer glass are fixed together through screws; one side of the inner layer double-layer glass is communicated with the outer barrel, and the other three sides are connected through rubber; the filtering device is communicated with the inner layer double-layer glass through a pipeline; the visual crack simulation device is rotatably connected with a visual branch crack simulation device.
The visual crack simulation device is characterized in that a plurality of upper valves, lower valves and water inlet and outlet valves are arranged on the visual crack simulation device, the upper valves are communicated with the inner layer double-layer glass, and the water inlet and outlet valves are communicated with gaps between the outer layer glass and the inner layer double-layer glass.
The further technical scheme is that the filtering device comprises a filtering box and a perforated baffle arranged in the filtering box, wherein a primary filter screen and a secondary filter screen are respectively arranged on two sides of the perforated baffle; and a sand storage tank with a sand unloading valve is arranged at the bottom of the filter box.
The further technical scheme is that a stirring device and a liquid level sensor are arranged on the sand mixing tank.
The technical scheme is that a return pipeline communicated with the liquid preparation tank is arranged between the liquid preparation tank and the sand mixing tank, and a return pipeline communicated with the liquid preparation tank is arranged on the liquid preparation tank.
The further technical proposal is that a first valve and a second valve are respectively arranged between the liquid preparation tank and the liquid storage tank as well as between the liquid preparation tank and the sand mixing tank; a third valve is arranged between the filtering device and the visual crack simulation device; a fourth valve is arranged on the return pipeline; safety valves are arranged on the liquid storage tank and the sand mixing tank; a first flowmeter and a second flowmeter are respectively arranged between the intelligent electric change-over switch and the liquid storage tank and between the intelligent electric change-over switch and the sand mixing tank; and the sand box is provided with an intelligent valve.
The further technical scheme is that the sand paving experimental device further comprises a computer, and the computer is respectively and electrically connected with the intelligent electric change-over switch, the screw pump, the intelligent valve, the stirring device and the liquid level sensor.
An experimental method of a visual intelligent proppant pulse injection sand paving experimental device comprises the following steps:
(1) checking whether the pipeline in the device is connected without errors, and checking the state of a filter screen in the filter device and the air tightness of the device;
(2) calculating the mass of the guanidine gum required for preparing the guanidine gum solution and the volume of the required water, and preparing the guanidine gum solution in a liquid preparation tank;
(3) the water inlet and outlet valves are communicated with the water pipes to inject water into the gap between the outer layer glass and the inner layer double-layer glass, and the width of the required crack is adjusted by the compressibility of rubber;
(4) adjusting the width and angle of the simulated natural fracture;
(5) opening the first valve, the second valve, closing the intelligent electric change-over switch, the upper valve, the lower valve and the water inlet and outlet valves, adding sand into the sand mixing tank through the sand box, and opening the third valve;
(6) setting the displacement of the screw pump and the conversion time of the intelligent electric change-over switch in a computer;
(7) opening the screw pump, and carrying out pulse sanding on the liquid in the liquid storage tank and the sand mixing liquid in the sand mixing tank alternately in the visual crack simulation device;
(8) the high frame rate camera records the video of the visual crack simulation device and stores the video in a computer memory;
(9) after a group of simulation experiments are finished, the first valve and the second valve are closed, the intelligent electric change-over switch is adjusted to be communicated with the liquid storage tank, and the sand-carrying liquid pipeline is closed; discharging water between the outer layer glass and the inner layer double-layer glass through a water inlet and outlet valve, increasing the distance between the inner layer double-layer glass and cleaning cracks;
(10) positively flushing the crack, opening a lower valve, connecting an upper valve to a water pipe to clean sand in the crack, and closing a third valve;
(11) reversely flushing the crack, opening an upper valve, cleaning sand in the crack by only one access water pipe of a lower valve, and closing a third valve;
(12) the upper valve and the lower valve are closed, the third valve is opened, and pure liquid is injected through the screw pump to clean the visual crack simulation device;
(13) after the visual crack simulation device is cleaned, parameters are changed through a computer, and a next group of simulation experiments are carried out.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the device can intelligently add sand, control key parameters such as sand ratio and the like, accurately control pulse time and simulate the influence of natural cracks on pulse sand adding; the sedimentation and sand-laying shape of the proppant in the crack can be visually observed, repeated experiments can be carried out for many times, and the cleaning efficiency of the device is high.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a sanding experimental setup for pulse injection of a visual intelligent proppant of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a wellbore simulation apparatus in an embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a filter device in an embodiment.
Shown in the figure: 1-a computer; 2-a screw pump; 3-liquid preparation tank; 4-a liquid storage tank; 5-a sand box; 6-a smart valve; 7-sand mixing tank; 8-a return line; 9-a liquid level sensor; 10-a stirring device; 11-an intelligent electric change-over switch; 12-an outer barrel; 13-inner cylinder; 14-perforating; 15-visual crack simulation device; 16-an upper valve; 17-a lower valve; 18-a filtration device; a1 — first valve; a2 — second valve; a3-third valve; a4-fourth valve; a5-fifth valve; q1 — first flow meter; q2-second flow meter.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the visual intelligent proppant pulse injection sanding experiment device comprises a computer 1, a screw pump 2, a liquid preparation tank 3, a liquid storage tank 4, a sand box 5 with an intelligent valve 6, a sand mixing tank 7, a shaft simulation device, a visual crack simulation device, an intelligent electric change-over switch 11 and a filtering device 18, wherein the sand box 5 is arranged on the sand mixing tank 7;
the shaft simulation device comprises an outer cylinder 12 and an inner cylinder 13 arranged in the outer cylinder 12, three perforation holes 14 which are vertically distributed are arranged on the inner cylinder 13, the inner cylinder 13 can rotate to simulate the possible perforation shapes of the actual perforation holes 14, and a crack is formed in the outer cylinder 12;
as shown in fig. 2, the visual crack simulator 15 comprises two outer layers of glass and an inner layer of double-layer glass arranged between the two outer layers of glass, wherein the inner surface of the outer layer of glass is provided with an alloy material layer, and the two outer layers of glass are fixed together by screws for clamping the inner layer of double-layer glass; one side of the inner layer double-layer glass is communicated with the crack of the outer barrel 12 to form a model shaft crack, the other three sides are connected through rubber, and the self gap of the inner layer double-layer glass is used for simulating a main crack; the filter device 18 is communicated with the gap of the inner double-layer glass through a pipeline; the visual crack simulation device 15 is rotatably connected with a visual branch crack simulation device and is used for simulating a branch crack; the visual crack simulation device 15 is provided with a plurality of upper valves 16, lower valves 17 and water inlet and outlet valves A5 which are communicated with the inner layer double-layer glass, and the water inlet and outlet valves A5 are communicated with gaps between the outer layer glass and the inner layer double-layer glass; the water injection and drainage are carried out on a gap between the inner double-layer glass and the outer glass through the water inlet and outlet valve A5, the distance between the two pieces of organic glass at the inner layer can be changed, scales are carved on the organic glass at the outer layer, and the distance between the organic glass at the inner layer, namely the crack width of the crack simulation system, can be adjusted;
as shown in fig. 3, the filtering device 18 includes a filtering box and a perforated baffle installed in the filtering box, and a primary filter screen 19 and a secondary filter screen 20 are respectively arranged on two sides of the perforated baffle; the bottom of the filter box is provided with a sand storage tank 22 with a sand discharge valve 21, a filter screen is arranged in the filter device 18, and liquid at the outlet of the simulated crack system can be filtered and then flows into the liquid distribution tank 3, so that the phenomenon that the pump is blocked when sand enters the screw pump 2 is avoided;
the intelligent electric change-over switch 11 is respectively communicated with the liquid storage tank 4, the sand mixing tank 7 and the shaft simulation device through pipelines, the liquid preparation tank 3 is respectively communicated with the screw pump 2, the liquid storage tank 4, the sand mixing tank 7 and the filtering device 18 through pipelines, and the filtering device 18 is communicated with the crack simulation device through a pipeline.
For more accurate control sand ratio, its be equipped with agitating unit 10, level sensor 9 on the muddy sand jar 7, liquid level height is 1cm below level sensor 9 in the muddy sand jar 7, can calculate the liquid volume, and the computer is according to setting for sand ratio and opening intelligent valve 6 and advance sand, and agitating unit 10 stirring is even, and when liquid level height reached preset position in the muddy sand jar 7, 6 apertures of intelligent valve reduced gradually.
When the device simulates pulse, the intelligent electric change-over switch 11 intelligently controls the opening direction, namely the sand mixing tank 7 is communicated with the intelligent electric change-over switch 11 for a period of time, and the liquid storage tank 4 is communicated with the intelligent electric change-over switch 11 for a period of time, therefore, a backflow pipeline 8 communicated with the liquid mixing tank 3 is arranged between the liquid mixing tank 3 and the sand mixing tank 7, and a backflow pipeline communicated with the liquid mixing tank 3 is arranged on the liquid storage tank 4.
A first valve A1 and a second valve A2 are respectively arranged between the liquid preparation tank 3 and the liquid storage tank 4 as well as between the liquid preparation tank and the sand mixing tank 7; a fourth valve A3 is arranged between the filtering device 18 and the visual crack simulation device; a fourth valve A4 is arranged on the return pipeline 8; the liquid storage tank 4 and the sand mixing tank 7 are both provided with a safety valve A6; a first flowmeter Q1 and a second flowmeter Q2 are respectively arranged between the intelligent electric change-over switch 11 and the liquid storage tank 4 and the sand mixing tank 7; the computer 1 is respectively and electrically connected with an intelligent electric change-over switch 11, a screw pump 2, an intelligent valve 6, a stirring device 10 and a liquid level sensor 9.
The experimental discharge capacity controlled by the screw pump is used for really reflecting the flowing behavior of a reaction propping agent in a fracture and ensuring the same dynamic behavior of a fracturing fluid in a simulated fracture and an artificial fracture, the field construction discharge capacity is converted into the experimental discharge capacity by adopting a speed similarity principle, and the formula is as follows:
in the formula: qEThe discharge capacity of the indoor experiment is L/min; qFFor site construction displacement, m3/min；HEIs the crack simulator height, m; wEThe width of the crack simulation device is mm; hFIs the artificial crack height, m; wFIs the width of an artificial crack, mm;
cleaning the visual crack simulation device comprises a forward flushing mode and a backward flushing mode, sand bodies or fibers adsorbed on the glass wall are cleaned, firstly, pure liquid is pumped into the visual crack simulation device for cleaning, and then a water pipe is connected with an upper valve or a lower valve for simulating cracks; positively flushing the crack, opening a valve at the lower end of the crack simulation system, and connecting a valve at the upper end into a water pipe to clean sand in the crack; and (3) reversely flushing the crack, opening an upper end valve of the crack simulation system, cleaning sand bodies in the crack by only one access water pipe of a lower end valve, closing other valves, and opening a simulated natural crack outlet in the cleaning process.
The experimental device comprises the following specific experimental steps:
(1) checking whether the pipeline in the device is connected without errors, the state of a filter screen in the filtering device 18 and the air tightness of the device;
(2) calculating the mass of the guanidine gum required for preparing the guanidine gum solution and the volume of the required water, and preparing the guanidine gum solution in a liquid preparation tank;
(3) the water inlet and outlet valve A5 is communicated with a water pipe to inject water into the gap between the outer layer glass and the inner layer double-layer glass, and the required crack width is adjusted by the compressibility of rubber;
(4) adjusting the width and angle of the simulated natural fracture;
(5) opening a first valve A1 and a second valve A2, closing an intelligent electric change-over switch 11, an upper valve 16, a lower valve 17 and a water inlet and outlet valve A5, adding sand into the sand mixing tank 7 through the sand box 5, and opening a third valve A3;
(6) setting the displacement of the screw pump 2 in the computer 1, and setting the conversion time of the intelligent electric change-over switch 11;
(7) opening the screw pump 2, and performing pulse sanding alternately on the liquid in the liquid storage tank 4 and the sand mixing liquid in the sand mixing tank 7 into the visual crack simulation device;
(8) the high frame rate camera records the video of the visual crack simulation device and stores the video in a computer memory;
(9) after a group of simulation experiments are finished, the first valve A1 and the second valve A2 are closed, the intelligent electric change-over switch 11 is adjusted to be communicated with the liquid storage tank 4, and the sand-carrying liquid pipeline is closed; discharging water between the outer layer glass and the inner layer double-layer glass through a water inlet and outlet valve A5, increasing the distance between the inner layer double-layer glass and cleaning cracks;
(10) positively flushing the crack, opening a lower valve 17, connecting an upper valve 16 into a water pipe to clean sand in the crack, and closing a third valve A3;
(11) reversely flushing the crack, opening the upper valve 16, cleaning sand in the crack by only one access water pipe of the lower valve 17, and closing the third valve A3;
(12) the upper valve 16 and the lower valve 17 are both closed, the third valve A3 is opened, and the visual crack simulation device is cleaned by injecting pure liquid through the screw pump 2;
(13) after the visual crack simulation device is cleaned, parameters are changed through a computer, and a next group of simulation experiments are carried out.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. An experimental method of a visual intelligent proppant pulse injection sanding experimental device is characterized in that the visual intelligent proppant pulse injection sanding experimental device used in the method comprises a screw pump (2), a liquid preparation tank (3), a liquid storage tank (4), a sand box (5), a sand mixing tank (7), a shaft simulation device, a visual crack simulation device (15), an intelligent electric switch (11) and a filtering device (18), wherein the sand box (5) is arranged on the sand mixing tank (7);
the visual crack simulation device is connected to the shaft simulation device, the intelligent electric change-over switch (11) is respectively communicated with the liquid storage tank (4), the sand mixing tank (7) and the shaft simulation device through pipelines, the liquid preparation tank (3) is respectively communicated with the screw pump (2), the liquid storage tank (4), the sand mixing tank (7) and the filtering device (18) through pipelines, and the filtering device (18) is communicated with the crack simulation device through pipelines;
the shaft simulation device comprises an outer cylinder (12) and an inner cylinder (13) arranged in the outer cylinder (12), wherein a plurality of perforations (14) are arranged on the inner cylinder (13);
the visual crack simulation device (15) comprises two pieces of outer-layer glass and inner-layer double-layer glass arranged between the two pieces of outer-layer glass, wherein an alloy material layer is arranged on the inner surface of the outer-layer glass, and the two pieces of outer-layer glass are fixed together through screws; one side of the inner layer double-layer glass is communicated with the outer cylinder (12), and the other three sides are connected through rubber; the filtering device (18) is communicated with the inner double-layer glass through a pipeline;
the visual crack simulation device (15) is rotatably connected with a visual branch crack simulation device;
the visual crack simulation device (15) is provided with a plurality of upper valves (16), lower valves (17) and water inlet and outlet valves (A5) which are communicated with the inner layer double-layer glass, the water inlet and outlet valves (A5) are communicated with a gap, and the gap exists between the outer layer glass and the inner layer double-layer glass;
a return pipeline (8) communicated with the liquid preparation tank (3) is arranged between the liquid preparation tank (3) and the sand mixing tank (7), and a return pipeline communicated with the liquid preparation tank (3) is arranged on the liquid storage tank (4);
a first valve (A1) and a second valve (A2) are respectively arranged between the liquid preparation tank (3) and the liquid storage tank (4) and between the liquid preparation tank and the sand mixing tank (7); a third valve (A3) is arranged between the filtering device (18) and the visual crack simulation device; a fourth valve (A4) is arranged on the return pipeline (8); safety valves (A6) are arranged on the liquid storage tank (4) and the sand mixing tank (7); a first flowmeter (Q1) and a second flowmeter (Q2) are respectively arranged between the intelligent electric change-over switch (11) and the liquid storage tank (4) and between the intelligent electric change-over switch and the sand mixing tank (7); an intelligent valve (6) is arranged on the sand box (5);
the sand paving experimental device also comprises a computer (1), wherein the computer (1) is respectively and electrically connected with the intelligent electric change-over switch (11), the screw pump (2), the intelligent valve (6), the stirring device (10) and the liquid level sensor (9);
the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) checking whether the pipeline in the device is connected without errors, the state of a filter screen in the filter device (18) and the air tightness of the device;
(2) calculating the mass of the guanidine gum required for preparing the guanidine gum solution and the volume of the required water, and preparing the guanidine gum solution in a liquid preparation tank;
(3) the water inlet and outlet valve (A5) is communicated with a water pipe to inject water into a gap, the gap exists between the outer layer glass and the inner layer double-layer glass, and the required crack width is adjusted by the compressibility of rubber;
(4) adjusting the width and angle of the simulated natural fracture;
(5) opening a first valve (A1), a second valve (A2), closing an intelligent electric change-over switch (11), an upper valve (16), a lower valve (17) and a water inlet and outlet valve (A5), adding sand into a sand mixing tank (7) through a sand box (5), and opening a third valve (A3);
(6) setting the displacement of a screw pump (2) in a computer (1) and setting the switching time of an intelligent electric change-over switch (11);
(7) opening the screw pump (2), and performing pulse sand paving alternately on the liquid in the liquid storage tank (4) and the sand mixing liquid in the sand mixing tank (7) into the visual crack simulation device;
(8) the high frame rate camera records the video of the visual crack simulation device and stores the video in a computer memory;
(9) after a group of simulation experiments are finished, the first valve (A1) and the second valve (A2) are closed, the intelligent electric change-over switch (11) is adjusted to be communicated with the liquid storage tank (4), and the sand-carrying liquid pipeline is closed; discharging water in a gap through a water inlet and outlet valve (A5), wherein the gap exists between the outer layer glass and the inner layer double-layer glass, the distance between the inner layer double-layer glass is increased, and cracks are cleaned;
(10) positively flushing the crack, opening a lower valve (17), connecting an upper valve (16) into a water pipe to clean sand in the crack, and closing a third valve (A3);
(11) reversely flushing the crack, opening an upper valve (16), cleaning sand in the crack by only one access water pipe of a lower valve (17), and closing a third valve (A3);
(12) the upper valve (16) and the lower valve (17) are closed, the third valve (A3) is opened, and pure liquid is injected through the screw pump (2) to clean the visual crack simulation device;
(13) after the visual crack simulation device is cleaned, parameters are changed through a computer, and a next group of simulation experiments are carried out.
2. The experimental method of the visual intelligent proppant pulse injection sanding experimental device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the filtering device (18) comprises a filtering box and an opening baffle installed in the filtering box, and a primary filter screen and a secondary filter screen are respectively arranged on two sides of the opening baffle; and a sand storage tank with a sand unloading valve is arranged at the bottom of the filter box.
3. The experimental method of the visual intelligent proppant pulse injection sanding experimental device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a stirring device (10) and a liquid level sensor (9) are arranged on the sand mixing tank (7).
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| CN116201518B (en) * | 2023-03-16 | 2024-05-17 | 西南石油大学 | Experimental device and method for simulating proppant injection-flowback process |
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