CN112203922A - 基于检测双手在方向盘的位置探测造成驾驶风险的活动的*** - Google Patents
基于检测双手在方向盘的位置探测造成驾驶风险的活动的*** Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种基于电容式检测器和其他类型安装的***,旨在检测握住方向盘的手的位置。除了这些检测器之外,其他检测器还将放置在中控台的主控制器和变速杆上。该***将补充有“窗口参数”功能,该功能可以禁止设备的警告功能。如果车辆适合听觉有障碍的人使用,该***将通过蜂鸣或灯光来警告驾驶员,同时,它还会通过激活光学信号(例如危险警示灯闪烁)警告其他道路的使用者。如果有问题,请注意驾驶员。
Description
【技术领域】
在汽车工业中要实施的***,以避免驾驶员在驾驶时的危险活动。
该***的目的是防止驾驶员执行大多数导致驾驶时注意力不集中的活动,因为在驾驶时需要双手同时抓住方向盘。
【背景技术】
在最近几年,汽车行业已经发展了大量的发明和发展,使驾驶更安全的活动。
一些发展旨在改善车辆的静态安全性。更灵活的底盘,更好的车身设计,更好的减震器,更好的制动器等。
两家公司已经改善了汽车的动态安全性,使驾驶员更容易驾驶,这一部分可能包括防锁刹车***,超感知觉,加速滑差调节,斜坡辅助等。
驾驶过程中某些例行程序的处理也得到了改进,例如自动激活挡风玻璃刮水器,自动激活隧道和暮光中的灯光等。
汽车中已包含一些设备,以尝试执行有关某些强制性使用设备的规定。这可以包括在当驾驶员没有固定的警告声的安全带。蜂鸣声如此烦人,以至于乘员更喜欢系紧安全带,而不是开车聆听。
当前的技术挑战来自无人驾驶汽车,已经对其进行了清晰,逐步的改进,正在进行测试。在任何情况下,如果无知驾驶的汽车撞击自动驾驶汽车,都可能发生事故。
上述所有***以及许多其他***都有助于减少驾驶时的事故,但这是否足够?显然不是,每年有数百人死于交通事故。
一个交通事故的最大原因来自一个缺乏驾驶时注意力和分心。到目前为止,这个问题仍在寻找解决方案的过程中。
缺乏注意力和/或分心的部分原因是睡眠或疲劳。汽车制造商和主管部门已采取不同的举措来解决这一问题。
近年来,许多国家的政府都进行了大量的宣传活动,使驾驶者必须停下来休息,至少每两小时的车或每200公里,或之前,在情况下为驾驶员感到疲倦或昏昏欲睡。实际上,西班牙现行的交通法规认为在这种情况下驾驶应受到惩罚。
汽车企业也都投入了大量的精力在开发能够检测疲劳和/或嗜睡这些国家的技术,为了防止驾驶员在这种或那种方式与他就会停下来休息。
最近,如果***检测到驾驶员已经入睡,则一些设备已经到来,可以控制车辆几秒钟。
其中一些设备目前处于测试阶段。
这些发展也取得了不同程度的成功和适用性。让我们简要介绍一下旨在检测驾驶员疲劳的不同技术和设备。
一个所述第一***的开发,编组荷兰国际集团具有多个电极,能够监视脑活动,并检测驾驶员的疲劳或睡眠的头盔。该***运行良好,但是令人不安,以至于它不是一种可以在日常驾驶中定期使用的设备。
捷豹/路虎公司开发了一种能够通过位于方向盘上的专用传感器检测大脑活动的***。使用这些传感器并通过双手,该***能够检测驾驶员的疲劳和睡眠。根据已发布的内容,该***似乎将在批量生产汽车中应用。
霍夫曼和克里普纳开发了一种基于手在方向盘上的压力的疲劳检测***。他们设计了一个压力检测器***,该***连接到配电盘并遵循某些个性化样式,能够检测驾驶员的疲劳和/或睡眠。
其他一些措施试图控制驾驶员眼睛的位置和运动,以再次使用某些个性化模式,检测驾驶员的疲劳和/或睡眠。便携式***甚至已经使用该技术开发。
借助于人工视觉,个性化模式和某些算法,还采取了其他措施来检测手在乘客舱内的位置,并再次尝试由于驾驶员在驾驶中的行为而检测驾驶员的疲劳和/或睡眠。
总而言之,大多数开发都旨在控制分心,而驾驶则将注意力集中在驾驶员的疲劳和睡眠上。但这还不够,需要从这一点发展。
【发明内容】
该技术状态的审查后,有一些尚未支付应有的重视,或者至少,一直还没有找到合适的解决方案。
除疲劳和/或睡眠问题外,还有其他干扰因素,甚至更常见,可能不是疲劳和/或睡眠造成的。这些是由与驾驶无关的元件和/或装置引起的分心,而是在驾驶时在驾驶员周围。这些元素诱导驾驶员,在这样携带的方式进行“风险活动,同时驾驶”。以下清单未尽力而为,列出了部分“驾驶中的风险活动”:
-阅读手机上收到的短信/电子邮件。
-用手机发送短信/电子邮件。
-没有“免提”设备的电话。
-开车时喝酒。当需要打开瓶子时,甚至更加危险。
-全球定位***管理。
-给自己涂奶油。
-吃任何类型的食物。
-管理音乐设备,而不是可以通过方向盘操作的音乐设备。(苹果公司的)系列播放器,光盘等
-开车时阅读地图。
-鼻采。
-而且,如果在驾驶车辆时进行这些行为,很多行为会变得危险或非常危险。
在之前的项目列表中,有什么做的,尽管在某些情况下,它可能会在驾驶有关,与无意识的疲劳和/或睡眠上的驱动程序。
那么,问题出在哪里呢?
问题是有些驾驶员在驾驶时会进行过多的活动。这些活动是在长途旅行和短途旅行中进行的。众所周知,短途旅行中会发生大量交通事故。
在短途旅行中,原因可能是缺少集中的司机,也有在此路由有出色的驾驶员已知的常规游等事实是,这些事故的一个重要部分发生的因为缺乏在执行这些“驾驶时的风险活动”时,请驾驶员注意。因为这些行为已经一点进行了一点,但习惯性地,司机做它几乎自动和无意识的。
在长途旅行中,可能会因为无聊而进行这些“风险驾驶活动”。长时间驾驶后,驾驶员可能没有适当注意驾驶。无论如何,说的原因并不是考虑其他原因的障碍。
是否可以最大程度地减少这些行为,并避免进行这些“风险驾驶活动”?
在大多数行为中,有一个共同的因素导致驾驶员进行“驾驶时的风险活动”。车辆的大多数“驾驶时的风险活动”至少需要我们的一只手参与。如果驾驶员在驾驶过程中不能将手从方向盘上移开,他将无法执行此类“驾驶时的危险活动”。如果我们可以通过握住方向盘来控制手的位置,则行驶将变得更加安全。
有了答案,就需要一种能够为此目的工作的设备。这是水晶清楚,它不可能在方向盘,以配合驾驶者的双手。
记录的消息和提醒在驾驶过程中引起驾驶员的注意不是很可靠。一段时间听这些消息后,他们成为沒有效率,因为他驾驶,不知不觉无人值守的他们。
所需要的是使双手的控制同时抓住方向盘。
让我们继续解释“驾驶时风险活动的检测***”,它基于对两只手握住方向盘的位置的控制。
该***基于一系列电容传感器,不排除任何其他类型的电容传感器,它们位于方向盘周围和背面,目的是检查两只手都围绕方向盘放置,这些传感器将确保通过抓住方向盘周围的方向来检测驾驶员的手指。变速杆或控制台的中央控制装置也可以配备这些传感器。这可以帮助与手动以灭活一些方向盘信号的情况下驾驶员需要改变齿轮,在车辆变速箱与,或驾驶风格,车辆中的自动变速箱。例如,它将与中央控制台上的按钮相同,以使驱动程序能够操作“免提”设备或其他设备。
在所述初始设计中,包括电容探测器,其使驾驶员能够控制在方向盘周围手中的正确位置,而不需要执行任何类型的压力或加入的动作。不需要具有复杂算法的复杂人工视觉设备。这些是廉价且可适应任何所需形状的元件,并且在安装过程中不提供复杂性。
这些传感器将使用车辆的通讯总线(能够总线)将信号发送到控制单元。所述控制单元考虑“窗口参数”,将处理数据并决定是否激活已安装的警报信号。
这些警报信号将是:
-对于提醒司机再次放置在方向盘周围双手,***将使用著名的哔哔声,警告如果座椅安全带没有系司机或任何其他声音警告能达到同样的效果。
-为了提醒道路的其余部分的用户,并在必要时报警,闪烁的警示灯将同时发出警告声启动,这将提醒道路其余的用户。因此,可以提前警告其他驾驶员不当和/或意外的操作。
-根据不同的需求或要求,可以结合使用任何其他类型的警告(包括声音和声音)来执行此功能。
如图所示,检测***将具有一组“窗口参数”,这将允许在某些情况下禁止警告。这些是***将包括的一些“窗口参数”:
-车速。***将以一定的速度(例如15公里/小时)开始工作。在汽车通行时,它也可以一直处于激活状态。
-如果驾驶员正在执行一些调整辅助元件以进行驾驶的任务,则***将留出时间来禁止警告,例如3秒。
-该***将控制转向的旋转位置轮,与上述某些度的旋转也将抑制***,用于在一定的时间周期。在或多或少复杂的情况下驾驶时,***不会对驾驶员产生干扰。例如,通过加/减方向盘的中心位置的15°,在这种情况下,***将在设定的操作扇区是禁止编一定时间。例如10秒。
-对于在中央控制台上具有控件的车辆,还将在所述控制台上启用检测器,从而允许在最长时间内操作这些控件。例如5秒。
-为了避免破坏***,驾驶员必须不时修改指针的位置。这是类似的控件,用于液压机等具有高夹带风险的机器中。
每隔一定的时间(例如,每45秒)将激活一个软声警告,从而激活“死人”控件。该***的工作方式与火车上的工作方式类似。这种控制将要求手以一定顺序和顺序释放并放回到方向盘上。在一段时间内(例如300毫秒),稍微张开左手,将左手放在方向盘上,稍微张开右手,将右手放在方向盘上。通过按要求的顺序进行操作,“死人”将在另一个时间段内再次停用。
-除上述内容外,***还可考虑激活警告的等待时间,例如2秒,以执行本文中未考虑的任何活动。
在任何情况下,所有这些“窗口参数”以及将来可能包括的一些新参数,都可以通过使用车辆和/或设备制造商的软件进行参数化。我n阶能适应新的要求,可能出现和能适应在不同的国家不同的法规小号和可能的变化,这些变化包括在在今后的立法。
对于本文中列出的所有声音警告,将有一组替代的灯光,以使设备适应有听觉问题的人。
让我们看一些应用此设备后如何驾驶的示例:
-更换广播电台。来自集成在方向盘上的控件。
-电话。来自集成在方向盘上的控件。
-调节后视镜。在开始行驶之前必须对后视镜进行调节。
-开车时喝酒。酒后驾车是高风险行为。如果口渴,必须将车辆停在安全区域然后喝酒。
-开车时吃饭。同时进食和开车是高风险行为。如果饿了,必须将车辆停在安全区域然后进餐。
-长时间保持手臂在同一位置的疲劳。在这种情况下,驾驶员应在安全区域短暂停留并休息。实际上,目前建议每行驶2小时或行驶200公里就停下来。甚至在此之前,在被疲倦或昏昏欲睡的情况。
-开车时发送短信。这是一种冒险活动,如果有必要发送短信,则驾驶员必须将车辆停在安全区域,然后发送短信。
该设备可以与能够协作检测可能的疲劳或注意力不集中的任何其他设备结合使用。利用所说明的设备,驾驶将更加安全,并且任何其他***或技术的添加都可以有助于提高所述安全性。
【附图说明】
如可在附图中可以看出,检测器,在这种情况下电容式,将被定位在方向盘的背面上,在齿轮换挡杆,适应它可以具有的形状和在控制台上的中央轮车辆那包括此设备。
图1:从背面的方向盘,其中,所述电容性或其它类型的检测电极的可能的位置被显示在鲱示意图像其将位于下方的塑料,皮革或其它材料的保护和他们可以隐藏在用户的视线之外。还可以看到电容控制芯片和能够总线连接芯片的位置。
图2:换档杆和车辆的中央控制台,其中,所述电容性或其它类型的检测电极的可能的位置被显示在遮光,将位于的主控制的示意图像下方制成的保护塑料,皮革或其他材料,它们可能会从用户的视线中隐藏起来。也可以看到电容控制芯片和能够总线连接芯片的位置。
【具体实施方式】
上面指示的所有检测器均会将其状态传输到汽车的控制总线。这些信号将由控制单元处理,该控制单元将激活警报设备,以根据实现的窗口参数来控制手在方向盘上的定位。
为了检测方向盘周围的手,将安装形状适合方向盘设计的电极,在与用户直接接触方面可以方便地进行保护。这些电极将连接到特定的集成电路。将使用电机保护继电器121或类似类型的芯片,该芯片将连接到微处理器,该微处理器将处理从每个传感器接收的信号,并将它们传输到控制单元(无论是否专用)到负责控制的单元双手围绕方向盘的位置。通讯将使用控制点2551芯片或类似产品通过能够总线进行。该***将至少具有如上所述的两个单元,一个位于方向盘本身并连接到方向盘的能够总线的螺旋线,第二个将安装在车辆的仪表板上以检测手的位置在变速杆和车辆控制台的中央控制轮上。
如先前章节所述,控制单元将负责处理从上述两个单元接收的信号并作用于警告信号。
如上所述,***的应用和与能够总线的集成将通过连接控制点2551芯片或类似芯片的输出并将具有特定标识符的消息传输到能够总线来执行。该***将使用能够总线提供的灵活性来在数据总线上通信不同的参与者。这两个辅助控制单元将通过特定的调度标识符将数据导入能够总线,该数据将被接收到方向盘上手部探测***的控制单元(专用与否)中。除这些数据外,***还将处理诸如车速,方向盘旋转以及任何其他能够为***提供必要数据的数据。在此之后,控制单元将启动所必需的信号,提醒驾驶员和道路的其余部分的风险情况的用户在车辆检测。
该***可以结合到具有特定设计的新模型中,也可以结合到现有的汽车中,通过便携式设备将其简单地安装在便携式元件(包括电极)上,并得到适当保护并附在方向盘的背面。
权利要求书(按照条约第19条的修改)
1.驾驶中的危险活动的检测***,其特征在于,通过使用来自电容式检测器的经过电子处理的单个二进制信号,两只手抓住方向盘的检测***,用于检测“在驾驶的风险活动”。
2.根据权利要求1所述的检测***,其特征在于使用双手抓住方向盘的检测***,该***通过对来自任何类型检测器的经过电子处理的单个二进制信号进行电子处理,以检测“行驶中的危险活动”。
3.根据权利要求1所述的检测***,其特征在于,光学和/或可听信号,以警告他缺乏注意力驾驶员在驾驶时的排放。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任意一项所述的检测***,其特征在于,使用通常安装或专用于此的光和/或听觉信号,例如闪烁的危险信号灯,信号灯,喇叭等。任何其他未来的设备,这将进入操作时,车辆的驾驶员正在开展的“风险活动,同时驾驶”,警示道路其余的在用户注意上述车辆的情况下不恰当的和/或意外的驾驶员进行的操纵。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任意一项所述的检测***,其特征在于,使用通常安装的或专用于此的光和/或听觉信号,例如闪烁的危险信号灯,信号灯,喇叭等。任何其他未来设备,这将进入操作时,车辆的驾驶员正在开展的“风险活动,同时驾驶”,警示负责部队的路上,警察等,缺少这种车辆的驾驶者的注意力,有助于针对所述用户和行为采取适当的措施。
6.根据权利要求1至5中任意一项所述的检测***,其特征在于,使用“死人”序列,该序列迫使驾驶员使手同步运动,以确保在方向盘上没有安装破坏装置。
7.根据权利要求1所述的检测***,其特征在于,使用“死人”序列来迫使驾驶员每隔一定时间执行一系列预定运动,以控制疲劳和/或睡意和/或疲劳。驾驶员的注意力不足。
8.根据权利要求1所述的检测***,其特征在于,在与有听觉问题的人进行互动的情况下,使用视觉元素。
9.根据权利要求1所述的检测***,其特征在于,禁止光和/或声信号进入操作,所述光和/或声信号使用窗口参数来配置所述禁止,所述方法是在驶出一些可编程参数的同时控制方向盘的转向。
10.根据权利要求1所述的检测***,其特征在于,所述安全***是适应性强的便携式设备,其将被安装在未安装成一体的车辆中,其中包括由适当保护并附接到所述转向装置后部的电极。轮,控制单元,微处理器,照明和/或声音元素等,具有与权利要求1和9相同的反射功能。
11.基于驾驶员手部位置的任何控制***的安全***,其特征在于使用通常安装或专用于此的光和/或声音信号,例如故障指示器,灯,喇叭等,目前已安装以及任何其他未来设备,将进入操作时,车辆的驾驶员正在开展的“风险活动,同时驾驶”,警示负责部队的路上,警察等,驾驶员的注意力不集中这样的车辆,有利于针对所述用户和行为采取适当的行动。
12.根据权利要求11所述的安全***,其特征在于,使用“死人”序列,该序列迫使驾驶员执行同步的手部运动,以确保在方向盘上没有安装任何破坏装置。
13.根据权利要求11所述的安全***,其特征在于,使用“死人”序列来迫使驾驶员每隔一定时间执行一系列预定动作,以控制疲劳和/或嗜睡和/或注意力不集中。的驱动程序。
14.根据权利要求11所述的安全***,其特征在于,禁止光和/或听觉信号进入操作,所述光和/或听觉信号使用窗口参数通过在退出一些可编程参数的同时控制方向盘旋转来配置所述禁止。
15.根据权利要求11所述的安全***,其特征在于,与其他设备一起使用或专用于当前安装或使用的光和/或听觉信号,例如闪烁的危险灯,故障闪光灯,信号灯,喇叭等。任何其他未来的设备,针对这一任务的性能,这将进入操作时,车辆的驾驶员正在开展的“风险活动,同时驾驶”,让其他道路的在的情况下,用户要注意所述车辆驾驶员的不当操作和/或意外操作。
16.根据权利要求11所述的安全***,其特征在于,使用目前已安装或为此目的而通常使用或专用于此的光和/或声音信号,例如闪烁的危险信号灯,信号灯,喇叭等。旨在执行上述工作的设备,该设备将在车辆驾驶员进行“驾驶时的危险活动”时投入使用,从而使警察能够控制上述活动并针对该使用者和行为采取适当行动。
17.根据权利要求11所述的安全***,其特征在于,所述安全***是适应性强的便携式设备,将被安装在没有安装在批量生产的汽车中的车辆中,所述批量生产的汽车尤其由照明和/或听觉元件等组成。,其功能与权利要求11和16相同。
Claims (4)
1.任何基于方向盘上的探测器来检测驾驶员注意力不集中的***,通过控制位于方向盘周围的双手来避免"驾驶时发生危险活动"。
2.任何设备致力于提醒司机时,他们的手没有放在方向盘上,总是指望"窗口参数",总是在"检测***"的风险活动,而驾驶"基于控制双手抓住方向盘的位置"的理念。
3.任何用于检测操纵杆和控制台中央控制轮上的双手的设备,由"检测***"风险活动,而驾驶"基于控制双手握方向盘的位置"被控制,由控制单元视为警报的抑制剂。
4."窗口参数"注定要由"检测***"风险活动,而驾驶"基于控制双手抓住方向盘的位置。
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PCT/ES2019/070195 WO2019185959A1 (es) | 2018-03-28 | 2019-03-26 | Sistema de detección de actividades de riesgo durante la conducción basado en el control de la posición de ambas manos agarrando el volante |
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WO2019185959A4 (es) | 2019-12-05 |
ES2726001A1 (es) | 2019-10-01 |
WO2019185959A1 (es) | 2019-10-03 |
US11203293B2 (en) | 2021-12-21 |
US20210053488A1 (en) | 2021-02-25 |
EP3778351A1 (en) | 2021-02-17 |
EP3778351A4 (en) | 2022-01-19 |
MX2020009173A (es) | 2021-01-08 |
JP2021518302A (ja) | 2021-08-02 |
KR20200136000A (ko) | 2020-12-04 |
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