CN112196629A - Sealing structure and sealing method for moving blade of steam turbine - Google Patents
Sealing structure and sealing method for moving blade of steam turbine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112196629A CN112196629A CN202011262434.0A CN202011262434A CN112196629A CN 112196629 A CN112196629 A CN 112196629A CN 202011262434 A CN202011262434 A CN 202011262434A CN 112196629 A CN112196629 A CN 112196629A
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- shroud
- moving blade
- hole
- steam
- boss
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
- F01D5/12—Blades
- F01D5/14—Form or construction
- F01D5/20—Specially-shaped blade tips to seal space between tips and stator
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
- F01D11/08—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages for sealing space between rotor blade tips and stator
- F01D11/10—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages for sealing space between rotor blade tips and stator using sealing fluid, e.g. steam
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a sealing structure of a moving blade of a steam turbine, wherein the top of the moving blade is provided with a shroud, the outer side surface of the shroud is contacted with a working medium of a steam seal leakage channel, and the steam seal leakage channel is formed by the outer side surface of the shroud and a steam seal structure; the inner side surface of the shroud is in contact with a main channel working medium; at least one through hole is formed in the surrounding belt and communicated with the steam seal leakage channel and the main flow channel, the through hole is arranged between the two bosses, and only one through hole is formed between the two bosses. By adopting the sealing structure and the sealing method, the leakage amount entering the steam seal inlet at the top of the moving blade can be effectively reduced, and low-efficiency steam flow close to the end surface of the top of the blade (namely the inner side surface of the shroud) can be discharged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention is applied to the through-flow design of a steam turbine unit, belongs to the technical field of through-flow sealing, and particularly relates to a sealing structure and a sealing method for a moving blade of a steam turbine.
Background
A turbine flow stage typically includes a set of stationary blades and a set of moving blades. In order to avoid the collision and abrasion of the static and dynamic components to affect the safety of the unit, a steam channel is usually arranged between the top of the moving blade shroud and the static component. A vapor seal structure is usually arranged in the passage, and the gap of the vapor seal structure cannot be made small enough to avoid collision and abrasion. Under the action of the pressure difference of the blade top, a considerable amount of leakage exists in a steam seal leakage channel formed between the steam seal structure and a shroud band of the moving blade top, and obvious adverse effects are brought to the efficiency of a through-flow stage.
Meanwhile, in the main flow passage of the through-flow stage, the area close to the inner side surface of the top shroud of the moving blade has large steam flow secondary flow loss due to the action of viscosity, obvious end loss exists, and the steam flow is low-efficiency flow.
Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, the present application provides a sealing method, which introduces an inefficient fluid on the inner side surface of the bucket shroud into the gland leakage channel, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the steam flow entering the gland leakage channel from the inlet.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem solved by the invention is as follows: the method can effectively reduce the leakage amount entering the steam seal inlet at the top of the moving blade, and can simultaneously discharge the low-efficiency steam flow close to the top end surface of the blade (namely the inner side surface of the shroud).
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a moving blade sealing structure of a steam turbine is characterized in that a shroud is arranged at the top of the moving blade, the outer side surface of the shroud is in contact with a working medium of a steam seal leakage channel, the steam seal leakage channel is composed of the outer side surface of the shroud and a steam seal structure, a plurality of bosses are arranged on the outer side surface of the shroud, a plurality of sealing teeth are arranged on the steam seal structure, and any boss is correspondingly matched with 1-3 sealing teeth; the inner side surface of the shroud is in contact with a main channel working medium; at least one through hole is arranged on the surrounding belt and communicated with the steam seal leakage channel and the main flow passage, the through hole is arranged between the two bosses, and only one through hole is arranged between the two bosses.
Preferably, the steam seal structure is provided with a first sealing tooth and a second sealing tooth, the outer side face of the shroud ring is provided with a first boss and a second boss, the first boss is correspondingly matched with the first sealing tooth, and the second boss is correspondingly matched with the second sealing tooth.
Preferably, the horizontal distance from the first boss to the through hole shaft is a, and a is more than 2 mm; the horizontal distance from the second boss to the through hole shaft is b, and b is larger than 2 mm.
Preferably, the distance from the tangent line of the outer edge of the through hole to the intrados of the moving blade is c, c >3 mm.
Preferably, the radius of the through-hole is R, 0< R <0.125 × (a + b).
Preferably, the shortest distance between the through hole and the outer edge of the shroud ring is d, and d is more than 3 mm. (with proper construction, pressure differential build-up.)
A steam seal structure and a sealing method for a moving blade of a steam turbine are disclosed, wherein a steam seal leakage channel is formed by a steam seal structure and the outer side surface of a shroud band, and at least three pressure areas are established in the steam seal leakage channel and comprise an inlet pressure area, an outlet pressure area and a plurality of middle pressure areas; at least one of the middle pressure regions is communicated with a main flow channel positioned on the inner side surface of the shroud, so that the pressure of the middle pressure region communicated with the main flow channel is increased.
Preferably, the central pressure region immediately adjacent the inlet pressure region communicates with the main flow channel of the inner side of the shroud.
Preferably, the shroud is provided with a through hole to communicate the middle pressure region with the main flow channel on the inner side of the shroud.
Preferably, there are 1-3 of said intermediate pressure zones.
The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) the fluid loss in the passageway of the inner side of the shroud at the top of the moving blade is large, and the fluid is introduced into the steam seal leakage passageway on the outer side of the shroud through the action of the pressure difference on two sides of the radial hole on the shroud, so that the steam quantity entering the inlet of the steam seal leakage passageway can be effectively reduced, and the sealing effect is achieved.
(2) The low-efficiency fluid near the top end part in the inner side channel of the shroud of the blade tip of the moving blade is guided away through the through hole on the shroud, and the main flow circulation efficiency can be improved.
Therefore, the sealing structure of the moving blade of the steam turbine can reduce the leakage amount entering the leakage passage of the steam seal on one hand and is beneficial to improving the through-flow efficiency of the main passage on the other hand. The through-flow economy can be effectively improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a bucket seal configuration front view;
FIG. 2 is a bucket sealing structure top view.
Wherein, the names corresponding to the reference numbers are:
1-shroud, 11-shroud outer side, 12-shroud inner side, 2-steam seal structure, 3-moving blade, 4-through hole, 51-boss I, 52-boss II, 61-seal tooth I and 62-seal tooth II.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following description and examples, which include but are not limited to the following examples.
Example 1:
a steam turbine moving blade sealing structure is disclosed, as shown in FIG. 1, a shroud 1 is arranged on the top of a moving blade 3, the outer side 11 of the shroud contacts with a working medium of a steam seal leakage channel, the steam seal leakage channel is composed of the outer side 11 of the shroud and a steam seal structure 2, the outer side 11 of the shroud is provided with a plurality of bosses, the steam seal structure 2 is provided with a plurality of seal teeth, and any boss is correspondingly matched with 1-3 seal teeth; the inner side surface 12 of the shroud is in contact with a main runner working medium; at least one through hole 4 is formed in the shroud ring 1 and is communicated with the steam seal leakage channel and the main flow channel, the through hole 4 is arranged between any two bosses, and only one through hole 4 is arranged between the two bosses.
At present, the through-flow stage of a steam turbine generally has two effects on reducing the efficiency of the through-flow stage, on one hand, because a steam channel exists between the top of a moving blade shroud and a static component, although a steam seal structure is arranged in the channel, in order to avoid collision and abrasion, the gap of the steam seal structure cannot be small enough. Under the action of the pressure difference of the blade top, a considerable amount of leakage exists in a steam seal leakage channel formed between the steam seal structure 2 and the shroud band 1 of the blade top of the moving blade 3, and the efficiency of a through-flow stage is obviously adversely affected. On the other hand, in the main flow passage of the flow-through stage, in the region close to the shroud inner surface 12 of the tip of the rotor blade 3, the steam flow in the region has a large secondary flow loss due to the viscosity, and a low-efficiency flow exists in the shroud inner surface 12 of the tip of the rotor blade 3. According to the sealing result of the invention, as shown in fig. 1, a plurality of bosses are arranged on the outer side surface 11 of the shroud ring, any boss corresponds to 1-3 sealing teeth of the steam seal structure 2, so that a plurality of pressure areas consisting of the bosses and the sealing teeth exist in the steam seal leakage channel, the pressure of the pressure areas in the steam seal leakage channel is reduced from the inlet of the steam seal leakage channel to the outlet of the steam seal leakage channel in sequence due to the throttling effect of the sealing teeth, so that pressure difference is formed between two adjacent pressure areas, and as steam enters from left to right, the pressure level of the left side pressure area is greater than that of the right side pressure area; meanwhile, the inner side surface 12 of the shroud of the invention is contacted with the main channel working medium, the shroud 1 is provided with a through hole 4 for communicating the steam seal leakage channel and the main channel, the through hole 4 is arranged between two bosses, only one through hole 4 is arranged between the two bosses, therefore, the steam in the low-efficiency flow area of the main channel of the inner side surface 12 of the shroud flows to the steam seal leakage channel through the through hole 4, the pressure in the low-efficiency flow area of the main channel of the inner side surface of the shroud is larger than that in the steam seal leakage channel because of large viscous action and no throttling, the pressure in the pressure area with the through hole 4 is increased, thereby reducing the pressure difference between the area and the left pressure area, and as can be seen from figure 1, the leaked working medium steam flows from left to right, thereby reducing the steam amount entering from the inlet of the steam seal leakage channel, thereby reducing the leakage amount, the main flow passage efficiency is improved, and the main flow passage efficiency is also improved after the low-efficiency fluid near the tip end portion of the shroud inner side passage 12 is led away.
Example 2
Based on the embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 1, the steam seal structure 2 is provided with the first seal tooth 61 and the second seal tooth 62, the outer side surface 11 of the shroud is provided with the first boss 51 and the second boss 52, the first boss 51 is correspondingly matched with the first seal tooth 61, and the second boss 52 is correspondingly matched with the second seal tooth 62. In this embodiment, by providing the first seal tooth 61 and the second seal tooth 62 on the steam seal structure 2, the outer side surface 11 of the shroud is provided with the first boss 51 and the second boss 52, the first boss 51 corresponds to the first seal tooth 61, the second boss 52 corresponds to the second seal tooth 62, and three pressure regions are provided, which are respectively a steam seal leakage channel inlet region, a steam seal leakage channel middle region and a steam seal leakage channel outlet region between the first boss 51 and the second boss 52, wherein the pressure in the steam seal leakage channel inlet region is P0The outlet area pressure of the gland leakage passage is P2The pressure of the middle area of the steam seal leakage passage is P1The pressure of the low velocity fluid near the inner side 12 of the shroud is P3. Due to the throttling effect of the first seal tooth 61 and the second seal tooth 62, p is present0>P1>P2. Due to the absence of a throttling effect on the inner side 12 of the shroud, and due to the viscous effect, P is present3>P1. Thus, a through-hole 4 is provided in the shroud 1, due to P3-P1Due to the effect of the pressure difference, the low-speed fluid near the inner side 12 of the shroud enters the outer side 11 of the shroud through the through hole 4, so that the pressure in the middle area of the gland leakage channel between the first boss 51 and the second boss 52 in the figure 1 is from P1Up to P1'. Thus, the pressure differential across seal one 61 is from P0-P1Decrease to P0-P1'. The pressure difference is reduced, so that the flow entering the inlet of the steam leakage channel is reduced, the steam working medium leakage quantity of the steam seal leakage channel is reduced, and the through-flow efficiency of the main channel is improved.
Example 3
Based on the embodiment 2, as shown in fig. 1-2, the horizontal distance from the first boss 51 to the axis of the through hole 4 is a, and a is more than 2 mm; the horizontal distance from the second boss 52 to the axis of the through hole 4 is b, and b is larger than 2 mm. In this embodiment, the distance from the shaft of the through hole 4 to the first boss 51 and the second boss 52 is set to establish a reasonable pressure difference, so that the sealing effect is better, and the circulation level efficiency of the main flow passage is higher.
Example 4
In the above embodiment 3, as shown in fig. 2, the distance from the tangent of the outer edge of the through hole 4 to the intrados surface of the rotor blade 3 is c, c >3 mm. In this embodiment, a reasonable distance from the outer edge tangent line of the through hole 4 to the inner arc surface of the moving blade 3 is set, so that a reasonable pressure difference can be established, the sealing effect is better, and the circulation level efficiency of the main flow passage is higher.
Example 5
Based on the above embodiment 4, as shown in fig. 2, the radius of the through-hole 4 is R, 0< R <0.125 (a + b). In this embodiment, set up reasonable radius of through-hole 4, can establish reasonable pressure differential for sealed effect is better, and the circulation level efficiency of sprue is higher.
Example 6
Based on the above embodiment 5, as shown in fig. 2, the shortest distance between the through hole 4 and the outer edge of the shroud 1 is d, and d >3 mm. In this embodiment, set up reasonable through-hole 4 and the outward flange shortest distance of shroud 1, can establish reasonable pressure differential for sealed effect is better, and the circulation level efficiency of sprue is higher.
Example 7
Based on the sealing method adopted by the steam turbine moving blade according to any one of embodiments 1 to 6, as shown in fig. 1, a steam seal structure 2 and an outer side surface 11 of a shroud form a steam seal leakage passage, and at least three pressure regions are established in the steam seal leakage passage, wherein the three pressure regions comprise an inlet pressure region, an outlet pressure region and a plurality of middle pressure regions; at least one of said intermediate pressure regions communicates with the main flow channel at the inner side 12 of the shroud, increasing the pressure in the intermediate pressure region communicating with the main flow channel. In this embodiment, a method for sealing a moving blade of a steam turbine is specifically described, that is, a plurality of pressure regions are established in a leakage passage of a steam seal, including an inlet pressure region, an outlet pressure region and a plurality of middle pressure regions, and a main flow passage communicating the middle pressure regions with an inner side surface 12 of a shroud, because the inner side surface 12 of the shroud has a large viscosity, the main flow passage has no throttling effect, and the middle pressure region has a throttling effect when flowing through the inlet pressure region, the pressure of the middle pressure region is increased when the main flow passage communicating the middle pressure regions with the inner side surface 12 of the shroud, so that the pressure difference between the middle region and the inlet pressure region is reduced, and therefore, the amount of steam entering the inlet of the leakage passage of the steam seal is reduced, and a sealing effect is achieved. In addition, the main flow channel of the inner side surface 12 of the shroud has low-efficiency fluid, and after the low-efficiency fluid is led away by the middle pressure area after the low-efficiency fluid is communicated, the main flow efficiency can be improved.
Example 8
Based on the above-described embodiment 7, as shown in fig. 1, the middle pressure region next to the inlet pressure region communicates with the main flow channel of the shroud inner side 12. In this embodiment, the sealing effect is best by connecting the middle pressure area, which is next to the inlet pressure area, to the main flow channel of the inner side 12 of the shroud.
Example 9
Based on the above-mentioned embodiments 7 or 8, the shroud 1 is provided with the through-hole 4 to communicate one of the middle pressure regions with the main flow channel of the shroud inner side 12. In the present exemplary embodiment, a through-opening 4 is provided in the shroud 1 to connect one of the central pressure regions to the main flow channel of the shroud inner side 12.
Example 10
Based on example 9 above, there were 1-3 middle pressure zones. In the present embodiment, the number of the middle pressure regions to be provided is preferably 1 to 3.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. The invention extends to any novel feature or any novel combination of features disclosed in this specification and any novel method or process steps or any novel combination of features disclosed.
Claims (10)
1. A moving blade sealing structure of a steam turbine is characterized in that a plurality of bosses are arranged on the outer side surface of the shroud, a plurality of sealing teeth are arranged on the steam sealing structure, and any boss is correspondingly matched with 1-3 sealing teeth; the inner side surface of the shroud is in contact with a main channel working medium; at least one through hole is formed in the surrounding belt and communicated with the steam seal leakage channel and the main flow channel, the through hole is arranged between the two bosses, and only one through hole is formed between the two bosses.
2. The seal structure for the moving blade of the steam turbine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the seal structure is provided with a first seal tooth and a second seal tooth, the outer side surface of the shroud is provided with a first boss and a second boss, the first boss is correspondingly matched with the first seal tooth, and the second boss is correspondingly matched with the second seal tooth.
3. The seal structure of a moving blade for a steam turbine according to claim 2, wherein a horizontal distance from the boss to the through-hole axis is a, a > 2 mm; the horizontal distance from the second boss to the through hole shaft is b, and b is larger than 2 mm.
4. A turbine moving blade seal structure according to claim 3, wherein a distance from a tangent of an outer edge of said through hole to an intrados surface of said moving blade is c, c >3 mm.
5. The seal structure of a moving blade for a steam turbine according to claim 4, wherein said through-hole has a radius of R, 0< R <0.125 (a + b).
6. The seal structure of a moving blade for a steam turbine according to claim 5, wherein said through hole has a shortest distance d >3mm from an outer edge of the shroud.
7. The sealing method for a moving blade seal structure of a steam turbine according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a gland seal structure forms a gland seal leakage path with the outer side of the shroud, and at least three pressure regions are established in the gland seal leakage path, including an inlet pressure region, an outlet pressure region and a plurality of intermediate pressure regions; at least one of the middle pressure regions is communicated with a main flow channel positioned on the inner side surface of the shroud, so that the pressure of the middle pressure region communicated with the main flow channel is increased.
8. The steam turbine moving blade sealing method according to claim 7, wherein a middle pressure region adjacent to the inlet pressure region communicates with the main flow passage on the inner side of the shroud.
9. The steam turbine moving blade sealing method according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the shroud is provided with a through hole for communicating the middle pressure region with the main flow passage on the inner side of the shroud.
10. The steam turbine moving blade sealing method according to claim 9, wherein the number of the intermediate pressure regions is 1 to 3.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011262434.0A CN112196629B (en) | 2020-11-12 | 2020-11-12 | Sealing structure and sealing method for moving blade of steam turbine |
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| CN202011262434.0A CN112196629B (en) | 2020-11-12 | 2020-11-12 | Sealing structure and sealing method for moving blade of steam turbine |
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| CN112196629B CN112196629B (en) | 2022-06-24 |
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