CN112195029A - Method and device for preparing soil conditioner by using coal ash synthetic zeolite to treat wastewater - Google Patents
Method and device for preparing soil conditioner by using coal ash synthetic zeolite to treat wastewater Download PDFInfo
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- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method and a device for preparing a soil conditioner by treating wastewater by using fly ash synthetic zeolite, wherein fly ash is pretreated, and synthetic fly ash zeolite is treated by adopting an alkali fusion hydrothermal mixing method; respectively putting the wastewater to be treated and the fly ash zeolite into a reactor, fully and uniformly stirring, adding an aqueous solution containing divalent magnesium ions and phosphate ions into the reactor, uniformly mixing to form new powder slag, drying the new powder slag, and grinding the new powder slag into fine particles; and respectively and uniformly mixing the fine particles with farmyard manure, agricultural chemical fertilizer rich in nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium or agricultural potassium fertilizer to form the novel soil conditioner. Can be used for promoting crop growth. The method and the device of the invention change the fly ash into valuable in response to the national call, not only treat the accumulated solid waste fly ash, but also purify the waste water by using the fly ash, reduce the cost for purifying the ammonia nitrogen waste water, and reduce the cost for preparing the fertilizer in agriculture after preparing the soil conditioner, thereby bringing remarkable economic benefit and environmental benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method and a device for preparing a soil conditioner by using fly ash synthetic zeolite to treat wastewater.
Background
Through statistics, the yield of general industrial solid wastes in large and medium cities reaches 15.5 hundred million tons per year, wherein the yield of the fly ash is nearly 5.3 hundred million tons. The main components of the fly ash are as follows: silicon dioxide (45% -65%), aluminum oxide (20% -35%), ferric oxide (5% -10%), calcium oxide (5%), and the like. Along with the increasingly strict requirements on environmental protection and the comprehensive upgrading of the energy-saving and emission-reducing standard taking near zero emission as a requirement, the comprehensive utilization of the fly ash is more and more emphasized by people, and the fly ash is related to the fields of building materials, metallurgy, chemical industry, agriculture and the like.
At present, in the aspect of water treatment by using fly ash, a filtering layer structure is generally established, and wastewater is treated by directly utilizing the adsorbability of the fly ash, or the wastewater is treated after the fly ash is modified, or the fly ash is mixed with certain substances with the same adsorbability to treat the wastewater. The treatment of the soil is only to remove harmful heavy metal substances in the soil by utilizing the adsorbability of the fly ash.
The method has the disadvantages that the fly ash is simply utilized once, namely common treatment, and residues after wastewater filtration are not reasonably utilized, so that not only can resources be wasted, but also secondary pollution can be seriously caused, and the ecological environment is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method and a device for preparing a soil conditioner by treating wastewater by using fly ash synthetic zeolite.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the main technical scheme that:
a method for preparing a soil conditioner by using fly ash synthetic zeolite to treat wastewater comprises the following steps:
s1, pretreating the fly ash, and synthesizing the fly ash zeolite by adopting an alkali fusion hydrothermal mixing method;
s2, respectively putting the wastewater to be treated and the fly ash zeolite into a reactor, fully and uniformly stirring, adding an aqueous solution containing divalent magnesium ions and phosphate ions into the reactor, uniformly mixing to form new powder slag, drying the new powder slag, and grinding into fine particles;
s3, uniformly mixing the fine particles with farmyard manure, agricultural chemical fertilizer rich in nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium or agricultural potassium fertilizer according to the proportion respectively to form the novel soil conditioner.
The formed three novel soil conditioners can be respectively added into the soil with different requirements, so as to achieve the effects of improving or increasing the nutrient content of the soil and promoting the growth of crops.
According to the method, preferably, in step S1, the alkali fusion hydrothermal mixing method is to mix the pulverized fuel ash subjected to ball milling and sieving with sodium hydroxide uniformly according to a mass ratio of 1: 1.5-10, to calcine at a high temperature of 500-600 ℃ for 1.5-2 hours, and then to cool to room temperature to obtain a precursor of the synthetic pulverized fuel ash zeolite; grinding the mixture into powder, adding water according to the liquid-solid ratio of 6:1, stirring and aging the mixture, aging the mixture for 8 hours, crystallizing the mixture under the hydrothermal condition, and finally filtering, washing and drying the obtained reactant to obtain the fly ash zeolite.
In the method as described above, preferably, the hydrothermal conditions are: the hydrothermal temperature is 110 ℃, and the hydrothermal time is 12 h.
In the method, in step S2, the wastewater to be treated preferably has a pH of 6.0 to 9.5 and an ammonia nitrogen concentration of 400mg/L to 800 mg/L.
In the method, preferably, in step S2, the wastewater to be treated and the fly ash zeolite are added at a ratio of 40-60 g/L, and the addition amount of the aqueous solution of divalent magnesium ions and phosphate ions is determined according to the ratio of ammonium ions in the mixed solution: magnesium ion: the molar ratio of phosphate ions is 1: 1.2: 1.1, after the addition, the pH value of the solution in the reactor needs to be ensured to be 9.5-10.5, and if the pH value is lower than the pH value, a proper amount of 1-2 mol/L NaOH solution needs to be added for adjustment. And then stirring and reacting for 30-40 min.
In the method as described above, preferably, in step S2, the reactor includes an electric liftable stirrer, a liquid conveying channel, a solid conveying channel, a sphere reaction vessel, and a fixed platform, wherein a sphere reaction vessel is disposed above the fixed platform, the sphere reaction vessel can rotate on the fixed platform automatically, a discharge port is disposed at a lower end of the sphere reaction vessel, an electric liftable stirrer is disposed at an upper end of the sphere reaction vessel, stirring blades of the stirrer are disposed inside the sphere reaction vessel, the liquid conveying channel is disposed at one side of an upper end of the sphere reaction vessel, a channel port of the liquid conveying channel enters the sphere reaction vessel, the solid conveying channel is disposed at the other side of the sphere reaction vessel, the channel port of the solid conveying channel enters the sphere reaction vessel, and a filter screen is disposed on the discharge port.
In the method, preferably, a connecting rod is fixedly arranged on a rotating shaft of the electric liftable stirrer, stirring blades are fixedly arranged on the connecting rod, the stirring blades are in a 'pine tree shape' and are symmetrically distributed, a circular surface is determined by the center lines of six edges of the stirring blades, so that the volume of a sphere formed by the circular surface does not exceed 3/4 of the sphere reaction container to the maximum, and the final descending position of the electric liftable stirrer is as follows: the sphere determined by the round surface formed by the stirring blades is superposed with the sphere center of the sphere reaction container, the angle range between the stirring blades in a pine tree shape and the connecting rod is 35-60 degrees, and the stirring blades are sequentially distributed on the connecting rod in parallel;
when stirring is started, the stirrer rotates from left to right, and the spherical reactor rotates from right to left, so that the mixing effect in the reactor is optimal.
The method as described above, preferably, in step S3, the ratio of the fine particles to the farmyard manure is 1: 4-7, mixing fine particles and the agricultural fertilizer rich in nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium according to a volume ratio of 1: 3-5, mixing the fine particles and the agricultural potassium fertilizer according to the volume ratio of 3: 1-2 mixing.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a device for preparing the soil conditioner by using the coal ash synthesized zeolite to treat the wastewater, and the device can be used for treating the wastewater by using the coal ash synthesized zeolite to prepare the soil conditioner, and has low cost and simple operation.
The utility model provides an utilize device of fly ash synthetic zeolite treatment waste water preparation soil amendment, it includes electronic liftable agitator, liquid delivery channel, transport solid passageway, spheroid reaction vessel, fixed station, wherein, the fixed station top is equipped with spheroid reaction vessel, and spheroid reaction vessel can be at the fixed station autogiration, and spheroid reaction vessel's lower extreme is equipped with the discharge port, and the upper end is equipped with electronic liftable agitator, and inside the stirring vane of its agitator located spheroid reaction vessel, and upper end one side of spheroid reaction vessel is equipped with liquid delivery channel, and inside liquid delivery channel's passway got into spheroid reaction vessel, the opposite side was equipped with solid delivery channel, and inside solid delivery channel's passway got into spheroid reaction vessel, was equipped with the filter screen on the discharge port.
In the above apparatus, preferably, a connecting rod is fixedly provided on the rotating shaft of the electric liftable stirrer, stirring blades are fixedly provided on the connecting rod, the stirring blades are symmetrically distributed in a "pine tree shape", the central line of six edges of the stirring blades defines a circular surface, the volume of a sphere formed by the circular surface does not exceed 3/4 of the sphere reaction vessel to the maximum, and the final descending position of the electric liftable stirrer is: the sphere defined by the round surface formed by the stirring blades coincides with the sphere center of the sphere reaction container, and the angle range formed by the stirring blades in a pine tree shape and the connecting rod is 35-60 degrees and is sequentially distributed on the connecting rod in parallel.
In the apparatus, the rotation or stop of the sphere reaction vessel is preferably electrically controlled on the fixed table, and when the stirring is started, the stirrer rotates from left to right, and the sphere reactor rotates from right to left.
(III) advantageous effects
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method for preparing the soil conditioner by using the fly ash synthesized zeolite to treat the wastewater has the advantages that the fly ash is fully combined in the two aspects of sewage treatment and soil improvement, the wastewater containing a large amount of ammonia nitrogen is treated, the generated powder slag is fully utilized, after the fly ash is aired and ground into particles, the particles can be fully and uniformly mixed with farmyard manure, agricultural chemical fertilizer (rich in nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) and agricultural potassium fertilizer according to different proportions to form three novel soil conditioners, and then the novel soil conditioners can be respectively put into different soils to improve or increase nutrients contained in the soils and promote the growth of crops. Really realizes the purpose of changing waste into valuable and realizes the high-efficiency utilization of the fly ash.
Compared with the prior art, the fly ash is not used for treating the waste water or the soil simply, but the powder slag after the waste water treatment is treated and mixed with farmyard manure or agricultural chemical fertilizer according to a certain proportion to be used as a novel soil conditioner to be thrown into the soil. The preparation method of the conditioner not only solves the problem of ammonia nitrogen wastewater, but also can promote the growth of crops and remove harmful substances in soil.
From the aspect of treating the wastewater containing ammonia nitrogen, common enterprises make the wastewater reach the normal discharge standard by manufacturing expensive and complicated water purification equipment, for example, the selling price of a set of ammonia nitrogen wastewater treatment equipment of Dongguan Weisi environmental protection technology limited company reaches 30 ten thousand yuan, the selling price of ammonia nitrogen wastewater treatment integrated equipment of Shandong Runchuan environmental protection equipment limited company is 4.2 ten thousand yuan, the cost required by purchasing equipment, the additives used in the treatment process, the maintenance of the machine and the like are not taken into consideration, the raw material used in the invention is fly ash, the market price of the high-quality fly ash is 100 plus 200 yuan/t at present, the technology provided by the invention has obvious advantages in the aspect of treating the cost of ammonia nitrogen wastewater, the used treatment equipment is simple, compared with a method for treating sewage by constructing a multi-layer filter layer, the operation is simpler and more convenient, and the construction and operation cost is saved by 50-70%; in view of soil fertilizer, the common fertilizer for agriculture is nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, the market price is 3000-.
When the conditioner is put into soil, the growth effect of crops is found to reach or even exceed the effect of single farmyard manure or agricultural chemical fertilizer, and the conditioner has good practical value and prospect particularly for the soil which is polluted by heavy metal and extremely lacks nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.
The method for preparing the soil conditioner by using the fly ash synthetic zeolite to treat the wastewater fully realizes the purposes of treating the waste by the waste, comprehensively treating and efficiently utilizing the fly ash, not only treats the accumulated solid waste fly ash, but also purifies the wastewater by using the fly ash, reduces the cost for purifying the ammonia nitrogen wastewater, and reduces the cost for preparing the chemical fertilizer in agriculture after preparing the soil conditioner, so that the economic benefit and the environmental benefit brought by the method are very obvious.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a reaction apparatus;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an electric stirring device and a pine tree-shaped stirring blade structure.
[ description of reference ]
1: an electric liftable stirrer;
2: a transport liquid channel;
3: a transport solids channel;
4: a sphere reaction vessel;
5: a fixed table;
6: an outlet port;
7: a stirring blade;
8: a connecting rod.
Detailed Description
The invention principle of the invention is as follows: the method is also called a chemical precipitation method, but is different from the prior art method, and the invention is characterized in that an adsorption method and a chemical precipitation method are combined, so that the obtained final product is mainly magnesium ammonium phosphate and part of fly ash zeolite. The prepared product is used as one of raw materials and is respectively and uniformly mixed with farmyard manure, agricultural chemical fertilizer rich in nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium or agricultural potassium fertilizer according to a proportion to form the novel soil conditioner. The addition of part of the fly ash zeolite avoids soil agglomeration to a great extent, increases the water retention of soil and the like, and improves the performances of the soil conditioner in all aspects. Compared with the common industrial water treatment equipment, the equipment used in the invention has simple structure and easy operation, and belongs to innovation in the field. The whole process flow improves the high-value utilization rate of the industrial waste fly ash, simultaneously treats high-concentration ammonia nitrogen wastewater, and finally prepares the obtained powder slag into the soil conditioner.
Through a large number of experiments, NaOH is selected for synthesizing the zeolite, and is mainly used for activating the fly ash in the alkali fusion stage, so that the zeolite is more favorable for synthesizing the zeolite. The preferable calcining temperature range of the invention is 500-600 ℃, the solid-liquid ratio is selected, the hydrothermal temperature is 110 ℃, the hydrothermal time is 12h and the like are the optimal ranges or optimal values for achieving the final purpose of the invention. For example: the calcining temperature range is 500-600 ℃, and the activity of the calcined fly ash can not be fully excited when the calcining temperature is lower than 500 ℃, so that the purity of the synthetic zeolite is reduced; above 600 ℃, the internal pore channels of the fly ash are destroyed, and the internal active substances are inactivated, which can directly cause the failure of zeolite synthesis. The following steps are repeated: adding magnesium ions and phosphate ions into the ammonia nitrogen wastewater, and only ensuring ammonium ions in the mixed solution at the moment: magnesium ion: the molar ratio of phosphate ions is 1: 1.2: 1.1, and under the alkaline condition that the pH value of the solution is 9.5-10.5, the mixed solution is contacted with fly ash zeolite to form magnesium ammonium phosphate precipitate.
For the purpose of better explaining the present invention and to facilitate understanding, the present invention will be described in detail by way of specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
The method for preparing the soil conditioner by utilizing the fly ash to firstly synthesize the zeolite, then treating wastewater containing ammonia nitrogen and preparing powder slag after wastewater treatment comprises the following specific operations:
firstly, treating fly ash, uniformly mixing the fly ash subjected to ball milling and sieving with sodium hydroxide according to the mass ratio of 1:1.5, loading the mixture into a nickel crucible, calcining and roasting the mixture for 2 hours at the high temperature of 550 ℃ in a box-type electric furnace, and cooling the mixture to the room temperature along with the furnace to obtain a precursor for synthesizing fly ash zeolite; grinding the mixture into powder, adding distilled water according to the liquid-solid ratio of 6:1, stirring and aging for 8 hours, then carrying out hydrothermal treatment for 12 hours at the hydrothermal temperature of 110 ℃, wherein the hydrothermal treatment is a fly ash zeolite crystallization stage, and finally filtering, washing and drying the obtained reactant to obtain the fly ash zeolite.
Secondly, the obtained fly ash zeolite is put into a reaction device, and the reaction device is shown in figure 1 and comprises an electric liftable stirrer 1, a liquid conveying channel 2, a solid conveying channel 3, a spherical reaction container 4 and a fixed platform 5. A sphere reaction vessel 4 is arranged above the fixed table 5, the sphere reaction vessel 4 can be controlled to rotate on the fixed table 5 by electricity to realize automatic rotation or stop rotation, a discharge port 6 is arranged at the lower end of the sphere reaction vessel 4, an electric liftable stirrer 1 is arranged at the upper end, a stirring blade of the stirrer is arranged in the sphere reaction vessel 4, a liquid conveying channel 2 is arranged at one side of the upper end of the sphere reaction vessel 4, a channel port of the liquid conveying channel 2 enters the sphere reaction vessel 4, a solid conveying channel 3 is arranged at the other side of the upper end of the sphere reaction vessel 4, a channel port of the solid conveying channel 3 enters the sphere reaction vessel 4, the discharge port 6 is used for discharging water or reaction materials, a filter screen is arranged on the discharge port 6, a connecting rod is fixedly arranged on a rotating shaft of the electric liftable stirrer 1, stirring blades are arranged on the connecting rod, and, as shown in fig. 2, the center line of the six ribs of the stirring blade defines a circular surface, that is, the connecting rod is provided with ribs symmetrically arranged in the direction from the end of the connecting rod to the rotating shaft in the upward and downward directions, and the six ribs can be set, so that the volume of a sphere formed by the circular surface is 3/4 of the volume of the sphere reaction vessel, and the final descending position of the electric lifting stirrer is: a sphere defined by a round surface formed by the stirring blades 7 is superposed with the sphere center of the sphere reaction vessel; the angle between the pine-tree-shaped stirring blades 7 and the connecting rod 8 ranges from 35 degrees to 60 degrees, the stirring blades are sequentially distributed on the connecting rod 8 in parallel, and the angle between the stirring blades and the connecting rod 8 is 45 degrees in the embodiment. The method comprises the following steps of slowly pouring waste water (the pH value is 8.2 and the ammonia nitrogen concentration is 720mg/L) to be treated and fly ash zeolite into a spherical reaction container 4 through a liquid conveying channel 2 and a solid conveying channel 3 on two sides of reaction equipment according to the proportion of 50g/L, pressing a switch of an electric stirring device 1 and the spherical reaction container 4 to enable the stirring device to rotate from left to right and the spherical reactor to rotate from right to left, and discharging the waste water residual liquid after treatment through a drainage (material) port 6 with a filter screen after the fly ash zeolite in the container fully absorbs substances in the waste water for other purposes; then, continuously adding the aqueous solution containing the divalent magnesium ions and the phosphate ions into the sphere reactor 4 respectively to ensure that the ammonium ions in the mixed solution are: magnesium ion: the molar ratio of phosphate ions is 1: 1.2: 1.1. and starting the device again to stir for 40min, wherein the solution and the powder slag in the container are fully fused, discharged through the discharge port 6, aired in a clear place, and then ground into fine particles.
The fine particles finally ground contain a large amount of nitrogen and phosphorus components, and the nitrogen and phosphorus components are mixed with farmyard manure or agricultural chemical fertilizer according to a certain volume ratio for use. The recommended proportion of the mixture of the particles and the farmyard manure is 1 (4-7); if the fertilizer is mixed with an agricultural fertilizer rich in nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, the recommended proportion is 1 (3-5); if the fertilizer is mixed with the agricultural potassium fertilizer, the recommended proportion is 3 (1-2). The soil conditioner is prepared and can be put into soil for use. After application, the novel soil conditioner is safe and convenient, has zero pollution to the environment, improves the crop yield, well improves the nutritional structure of the soil, and enables the soil to be loose and the fertility to be improved.
Compared with the effects of farmyard manure and agricultural chemical fertilizer prepared by the prior art, the modifier prepared by the invention has the following obvious advantages: the single long-term use of farmyard manure and agricultural chemical fertilizer can cause soil acidification, soil caking, water retention reduction, serious water loss and other adverse effects, but the novel soil conditioner prepared by the invention can completely overcome the defects, and because the novel soil conditioner contains a fly ash zeolite raw material in the novel soil conditioner, the soil looseness is increased after the fertilizer is put into the soil, and the soil caking is effectively avoided; the fly ash zeolite has fine and various internal pore canals. Under the condition of artificial irrigation or rainy weather, the water can not be evaporated and lost quickly in the soil and can be maintained in the pore canal for a period of time, so that the influence on normal growth of crops due to long-term water shortage is avoided, the manpower is saved, and the times of artificial irrigation are reduced; the novel soil conditioner is also greatly improved in nutrient content compared with farmyard manure, and particularly has obvious advantages in the content of available phosphorus and available nitrogen.
Example 2
Selecting a certain area of Jilin province, respectively designing the fine particles prepared according to the embodiment 1 to be combined with the fertilizers mentioned in the following control groups 1-3 to prepare the soil conditioner with three proportioning schemes (the preparation proportions are shown in Table 1), and performing tests on the fertilizers used in the control groups 1-3, selecting 6 pieces of soil with basically consistent soil conditions, wherein 50m of each field is used2Applying corn seeds of the same brand, and applying other cultivation modes such as soil turning, weeding and the like, manually irrigating once in the period, measuring the water retention of each soil sample after 7 days, and counting the yield and the disease rate of each group when harvesting the corn, wherein the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
Control group 1
Xuxingyang et al, in the study of the basic characteristics and the current safety situation of farmyard manure in Kunming tobacco zone, point out: the pH value of the farmyard manure used in Kunming tobacco area is 8.27, the quick-acting nitrogen content is 0.08%, the quick-acting potassium content is 1.91%, and the quick-acting phosphorus content is 0.30%, and the overall characteristics are that the quick-acting nitrogen and the quick-acting phosphorus are low, and the quick-acting potassium content is high. Although the farmyard manure in the area can be used as a base fertilizer, the farmyard manure has the effects of improving soil and inhibiting diseases. After fertilization, the harmony of chemical components of the tobacco leaves is improved, the aroma quality and the aroma quantity of the tobacco leaves are improved, but compared with the novel soil conditioner in the embodiment 1, the novel soil conditioner has the following defects: the quality stability of the farmyard manure in the Kunming tobacco area needs to be improved, and the detection result shows that the content of 3 heavy metals including total lead, total cadmium and total mercury in the farmyard manure exceeds the standard, so that certain safety risk exists in use.
Control group 2
Patent application publication No. CN 109206268A: an agricultural chemical fertilizer is prepared from 7 raw materials including corn stalk, plant ash, leaven and animal excrement. The agricultural fertilizer produced by the technology has the effects that: disease resistance, growth promotion, short fermentation time (7-12 days in summer and 15-20 days in winter), less volatilization of beneficial components, and abundant nitrogen, potassium, silicon and other elements. Although the manufacturing cost is low, compared with the embodiment 1, the following defects still exist: the time for manufacturing the fertilizer is long; the variety of the required raw materials is more; is easy to cause slight pollution to the environment.
Control group 3
Regarding the effect of potassium fertilizer (mostly potassium chloride) applied alone, royal jen et al, in "potassium fertilizer usage and market research and study analysis in southern areas of our country" shows: because the potassium element distribution of soil in China is unbalanced, at present, the two most representative provinces using agricultural potassium fertilizers in China are Hunan and Guangdong, and through the research and on-site investigation, the proper amount of potassium nutrition can improve the quality of rice and the yield per unit of rice for potassium-like crops such as rice, cotton, sugarcane and the like; the cotton yield is increased and the quality is improved; the sugar cane brix, the yield and the sugar content are improved. Moreover, the potassium fertilizer can enhance the disease resistance, insect resistance and resistance to adverse soil environment of crops. Price survey shows that in five years of 2006 + 2011, the highest value of the potash fertilizer is 4850 yuan/t (2008), and the lowest value is 2600 + 2700 yuan/t (2010), which far exceeds the cost of the novel soil conditioner prepared in example 1, and nutrient components contained in the potash fertilizer are single compared with example 1, so that the specific requirements of various soil structures cannot be met by using the potash fertilizer alone.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in other forms, and any person skilled in the art can change or modify the technical content disclosed above into an equivalent embodiment with equivalent changes. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for preparing a soil conditioner by using coal ash synthetic zeolite to treat wastewater is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, pretreating the fly ash, and synthesizing the fly ash zeolite by adopting an alkali fusion hydrothermal mixing method;
s2, respectively putting the wastewater to be treated and the fly ash zeolite into a reactor, fully and uniformly stirring, adding an aqueous solution containing divalent magnesium ions and phosphate ions into the reactor, uniformly mixing to form new powder slag, drying the new powder slag, and grinding into fine particles;
s3, uniformly mixing the fine particles with farmyard manure, agricultural chemical fertilizer rich in nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium or agricultural potassium fertilizer according to the proportion respectively to form the novel soil conditioner.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the alkali fusion hydrothermal mixing method comprises uniformly mixing the pulverized fuel ash subjected to ball milling and sieving with sodium hydroxide in a mass ratio of 1: 1.5-10, calcining at 500-600 ℃ for 1.5-2 h, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a precursor of the synthetic pulverized fuel ash zeolite; grinding the mixture into powder, adding distilled water according to the liquid-solid ratio of 6:1, stirring and aging the mixture, aging the mixture for 8 hours, crystallizing the mixture under the hydrothermal condition, and finally filtering, washing and drying the obtained reactant to obtain fly ash zeolite; the hydrothermal conditions are as follows: the hydrothermal temperature is 110 ℃, and the hydrothermal time is 12 h.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the wastewater to be treated is wastewater with a pH of 6.0 to 9.5 and an ammonia nitrogen concentration of 400mg/L to 800 mg/L.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the ratio of the wastewater to be treated to the fly ash zeolite is 40-60 g/L, the addition amount of the aqueous solution of divalent magnesium ions and phosphate ions is determined by the following conditions: magnesium ion: the molar ratio of phosphate ions is 1: 1.2: 1.1, ensuring the pH value of the solution in the reactor to be 9.5-10.5, adding a proper amount of 1-2 mol/L NaOH solution for regulation if the pH value is lower than the pH value, and then stirring for reaction for 30-40 min.
5. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S2, the reactor comprises an electric liftable stirrer, a liquid conveying passage, a solid conveying passage, a sphere reaction vessel and a fixed platform, wherein the sphere reaction vessel is arranged above the fixed platform and can automatically rotate on the fixed platform, the lower end of the sphere reaction vessel is provided with a discharge port, the upper end of the sphere reaction vessel is provided with the electric liftable stirrer, stirring blades of the stirrer are arranged in the sphere reaction vessel, one side of the upper end of the sphere reaction vessel is provided with the liquid conveying passage, a passage port of the liquid conveying passage enters the sphere reaction vessel, the other side of the upper end of the sphere reaction vessel is provided with the solid conveying passage, a passage port of the solid conveying passage enters the sphere reaction vessel, and the discharge port is provided with a filter screen.
6. The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein a connecting rod is fixed on the rotating shaft of the electric lifting stirrer, stirring blades are fixed on the connecting rod, the stirring blades are symmetrically distributed in a 'pine tree shape', the central line of six edges of the stirring blades defines a circular surface, the volume of a sphere formed by the circular surface does not exceed 3/4 of the sphere reaction vessel to the maximum, and the final descending position of the electric lifting stirrer is as follows: the sphere determined by the round surface formed by the stirring blades is superposed with the sphere center of the sphere reaction container, the angle range between the stirring blades in a pine tree shape and the connecting rod is 35-60 degrees, and the stirring blades are sequentially distributed on the connecting rod in parallel;
when stirring is started, the stirrer rotates from left to right, and the sphere reactor rotates from right to left.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein in step S3, the fine particles are mixed with the farmyard manure in a volume ratio of 1: 4-7, mixing fine particles and the agricultural fertilizer rich in nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium according to a volume ratio of 1: 3-5, mixing the fine particles and the agricultural potassium fertilizer according to the volume ratio of 3: 1-2 mixing.
8. The utility model provides an utilize fly ash synthetic zeolite to handle device of waste water preparation soil amendment, its characterized in that, it includes electronic liftable agitator, transport liquid channel, transport solid passageway, spheroid reaction vessel, fixed station, wherein, the fixed station top is equipped with spheroid reaction vessel, and spheroid reaction vessel can be at the automatic revolution of fixed station, and spheroid reaction vessel's lower extreme is equipped with the discharge port, and inside the stirring rake that its agitator of electronic liftable agitator was equipped with to the upper end was located spheroid reaction vessel, and upper end one side of spheroid reaction vessel is equipped with transport liquid channel, and inside transport liquid channel's passway got into spheroid reaction vessel, the opposite side was equipped with transport solid passageway, and inside transport solid channel's passway got into spheroid reaction vessel, was equipped with the filter screen on the discharge port.
9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein a connecting rod is fixed on the rotating shaft of the electric lifting stirrer, stirring blades are fixed on the connecting rod, the stirring blades are symmetrically distributed in a shape of a pine tree, the center line of six edges of each stirring blade defines a circular surface, the volume of a sphere formed by the circular surface does not exceed 3/4 of the sphere reaction vessel to the maximum, and the final descending position of the electric lifting stirrer is as follows: the sphere defined by the round surface formed by the stirring blades coincides with the sphere center of the sphere reaction container, and the angle range formed by the stirring blades in a pine tree shape and the connecting rod is 35-60 degrees and is sequentially distributed on the connecting rod in parallel.
10. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the sphere reaction vessel is electrically controlled to rotate or stop on the fixed platform, and when stirring is started, the stirrer rotates from left to right, and the sphere reactor rotates from right to left.
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