CN112193048B - 一种混合动力车辆的多模式驱动*** - Google Patents

一种混合动力车辆的多模式驱动*** Download PDF

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CN112193048B
CN112193048B CN202011147494.8A CN202011147494A CN112193048B CN 112193048 B CN112193048 B CN 112193048B CN 202011147494 A CN202011147494 A CN 202011147494A CN 112193048 B CN112193048 B CN 112193048B
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gear
input shaft
shaft
output shaft
synchronizer
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CN112193048A (zh
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李超
严军
余秋石
袁龙
阮先鄂
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Dongfeng Motor Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
    • B60K6/445—Differential gearing distribution type
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
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    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles

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  • Transportation (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明提出一种混合动力车辆的多模式驱动***，包括发动机、发电机、驱动电机，行星齿轮机构、输入轴、发电机输入轴、中间轴、驱动电机输出轴、输出轴和差速器，发动机通过扭转减震器与输入轴相连，输入轴与发电机输入轴同轴布置，与驱动电机输出轴、中间轴及输出轴相互平行布置，行星齿轮机构安设于发电机输入轴上，输入轴端头与行星架相连，输入轴上安设第一齿轮和第二齿轮，中间轴上安设第三齿轮和第四齿轮，输出轴上依次安设第五、第六、第七齿轮，驱动电机输出轴上安设有第八齿轮，第六齿轮和第七齿轮分别与第一、第二齿轮及第三齿轮和第四齿轮相啮合，差速器上安设差速器齿轮，第五齿轮分别与差速器齿轮及第八齿轮相啮合，本发明结构紧凑，能够实现多种功能模式驱动。

Description

一种混合动力车辆的多模式驱动***
技术领域
本发明属于混合动力汽车的技术领域，尤其涉及一种混合动力车辆的多模式驱动***。
背景技术
随着当今社会人们对节能环保的意识日渐增强，新能源汽车技术开始迅猛发展。混合动力车辆驱动技术是新能源汽车发展过程的核心阶段。提高燃油经济性、降低排放是混合动力技术面临的重要课题。现有的变速箱中在输入轴和输出轴上均设置同步器，通过两个同步器、两对齿轮实现发动机4个档位的技术方案，但是中间轴两个齿轮固连安装在同一根轴上。若输入轴和输出轴上两个同步器同侧接合端接合，即发动机在1或4挡运行时，会在实现动力传递的同时带动四个齿轮和中间轴空转，且这四个齿轮和中间轴并非用于传递动力的齿轮，导致了能量的浪费。另外，车辆行车模式较少，没有行车发电等功能模式，导致整车控制策略选择较少，不利于降低车辆油耗和提高车辆经济性。现有技术往往在结构上存在效率损失过大、功能模式较简单的缺陷。因此，研发一种具有优异性价比的混合动力驱动***，很有价值。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于针对上述存在的问题，提供一种混合动力车辆的多模式驱动***，提供多模式驱动***并降低驱动***的能量损耗。
本发明解决上述技术问题所采用的技术方案是：一种混合动力车辆的多模式驱动***，其特征在于，包括发动机、发电机、驱动电机，行星齿轮机构、输入轴、发电机输入轴、中间轴、驱动电机输出轴、输出轴和差速器，所述发动机通过扭转减震器与所述输入轴相连，输入轴与所述发电机输入轴同轴布置，与所述驱动电机输出轴、中间轴及输出轴相互平行布置，所述行星齿轮机构包括太阳轮、外齿圈、行星架和行星轮，所述太阳轮安设于发电机输入轴上，输入轴端头与所述行星架相连，输入轴上安设第一齿轮和第二齿轮，中间轴上安设第三齿轮和第四齿轮，输出轴上依次安设第五、第六、第七齿轮，驱动电机输出轴上安设有第八齿轮，所述第六齿轮和第七齿轮分别与所述第一、第二齿轮及第三齿轮和第四齿轮相啮合，所述差速器上安设差速器齿轮，所述第五齿轮分别与所述差速器齿轮及第八齿轮相啮合。
按上述方案，所述输入轴上还设有第一同步器，所述第一同步器位于所述第一齿轮和第二齿轮之间，所述输出轴上还设有第二同步器，所述第二同步器位于所述第六齿轮和第七齿轮之间。
按上述方案，所述第一同步器与所述输入轴固连，所述第一、第二齿轮均空套于输入轴上。
按上述方案，所述第二同步器与所述输出轴固连，所述第六齿轮和第七齿轮均空套于输出轴上。
按上述方案，所述第五齿轮、第八齿轮及差速器齿轮均固定安设。
按上述方案，所述中间轴上还设有离合器，位于所述第三齿轮和第四齿轮之间。
本发明的有益效果是：提供一种混合动力车辆的多模式驱动***，在中间轴上设置一个离合器，通过控制离合器分离，避免过多齿轮空转，减少能量的浪费；在发动机与发电机之间增加一个行星齿轮机构，作为减速器，解决发电机的工作转速范围受限于发动机转速，或采用了二级齿轮减速，但是空间不够紧凑的问题，本驱动***可以让发电机的工作转速范围更宽，降低电机设计成本和能量损耗，而且结构紧凑，空间利用率高；能够提供4种发动机驱动模式、1种纯电驱动模式、8种并联混动模式、4种行车发电模式、4种并联纯电模式、1种停车发电和1种动力补偿模式的多种功能模式，极大丰富整车控制策略的选择，有助于降低车辆油耗，提高车辆经济型性。
附图说明
图1为本发明一个实施例的分布示意图。
具体实施方式
为更好地理解本发明，下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步的描述。
如图1所示，一种多档混合动力变速箱，一种混合动力车辆的多模式驱动***，包括发动机1、发电机9、驱动电机21，行星齿轮机构7、输入轴3、发电机输入轴8、中间轴15、驱动电机输出轴20、输出轴10和差速器23，发动机通过扭转减震器2与输入轴相连，输入轴与发电机输入轴同轴布置，与驱动电机输出轴、中间轴及输出轴相互平行布置，行星齿轮机构包括太阳轮7.1、外齿圈7.2、行星架7.3和行星轮7.4，太阳轮安设于发电机输入轴上，输入轴端头与行星架相连，输入轴上安设第一齿轮4和第二齿轮6，中间轴上安设第三齿轮16和第四齿轮17，输出轴上依次安设第五齿轮11、第六齿轮12、第七齿轮14，驱动电机输出轴上安设有第八齿轮19，第六齿轮和第七齿轮分别与第一、第二齿轮及第三齿轮和第四齿轮相啮合，差速器上安设差速器齿轮22，第五齿轮分别与差速器齿轮及第八齿轮相啮合。
第一同步器固连在输入轴5上，包含左侧接合端5.1和右侧接合端5.2。第一齿轮4和第二齿轮6空套在输入轴5上，可分别通过与第一同步器5的左侧接合端5.1和右侧接合端5.2接合，从而实现与输入轴3的连接。
第二同步器13固连在输出轴10上，包含左侧接合端13.1和右侧接合端13.2。第六齿轮12和第七齿轮14空套在输出轴10上，可分别通过与第二同步器13的左侧接合端13.1和右侧接合端13.2接合，从而实现与输出轴10的连接。第一、第二同步器的结构形式可以用湿式离合器或牙嵌式离合器替代。
第五齿轮、第八齿轮及差速器齿轮均固定安设。
中间轴上还设有离合器18，位于第三齿轮和第四齿轮之间。
本方案的结构能够实现多种功能模式驱动，下面具体描述多模式驱动的具体实现方式：
纯电驱动：
纯电驱动时，驱动电机21输出的动力依次经过驱动电机输出轴20、第八齿轮19、及第五齿轮11传递到差速器齿轮22，再经差速器22传递到车轮。
换挡调速与扭矩补偿：
发动机端进行任意换档时，都可以让驱动电机21进行扭矩填充，从而避免动力中断。
在发动机1动力端进行换档时，可以利用驱动电机21做扭矩补偿，接替发动机驱动车辆，同时等待发电机9调速做转速同步。
调速过程分两个步骤：
下面以步骤一接合的是第一同步器5的左侧接合端5.1为例进行详细说明。
步骤一、发电机9通过行星齿轮机构7、输入轴3，带动发动机1空转的同时，调节第一同步器5的转速，使第一同步器5的左侧接合端5.1的两侧转速接近，当速差减小到一定范围后，使左侧接合端5.1接合。
步骤二、在步骤一完成后，发电机9继续带动发动机1空转，并通过行星齿轮机构7、输入轴3，第一同步器5、第一齿轮4，调节第六齿轮12的转速，使第二同步器13的左侧接合端13.1的两侧的转速接近，当速差减小到一定范围后，使左侧接合端13.1接合。
或者，在步骤一完成后，发电机9通过行星齿轮机构7、输入轴3，第一同步器5、第一齿轮4，第六齿轮12，调节第三齿轮16的转速，使离合器18两端的转速差减小到一定范围后，接合离合器18；然后发电机9继续调速，又经过第四齿轮17，调节第七齿轮14的转速，使第二同步器13的右侧接合端13.2的两侧的转速接近，当速差减小到一定范围后，使右侧接合端13.2接合。
可以理解的是，以步骤一接合的是第一同步器5的右侧接合端5.2，则接合第二同步器13的右侧接合端13.2或左侧接合端13.1的原理与上面描述相同。
停车发动机起动：
发电机9产生的驱动力经过发电机输入轴8、行星齿轮机构7，传递到发动机输入轴3上，然后通过扭转减振器2反拖发动机1到合适转速以启动。
1种停车发电模式：
发动机1输出动力经过扭转减震器2后传递到输入轴3，行星齿轮机构7，通过发电机输入轴8传递给发电机9进行发电。
4种发动机驱动模式：
发动机具有4个前进档位，动力传递路径说明如下:
一档：
接合第一同步器5的左侧接合端5.1，接合第二同步器13的左侧接合端13.1，发动机1输出动力依次通过扭转减振器2、发动机输入轴3、第一同步器5、第一齿轮4、第六齿轮12、第二同步器13、输出轴10、第五齿轮11传递到差速器齿轮22上，经由差速器22把动力传递给车辆驱动轴。
二档：
接合第一同步器5的左侧接合端5.1，接合第二同步器13的右侧接合端13.2，发动机1输出动力依次通过扭转减振器2、发动机输入轴3、第一同步器5、第一齿轮4、第六齿轮12、第三齿轮16、中间轴15、离合器18、第四齿轮17、第七齿轮14、第二同步器13、输出轴10、第五齿轮11传递到差速器齿轮21上，经由差速器22把动力传递给车辆驱动轴。
三档：
接合第一同步器5的右侧接合端5.2，接合第二同步器13的左侧接合端13.1，发动机1输出动力依次通过扭转减振器2、发动机输入轴3、第一同步器5、第二齿轮6、第七齿轮14、第四齿轮17、中间轴15、离合器18、第三齿轮16、第六齿轮12、第二同步器13、输出轴10、第五齿轮11传递到差速器齿轮21上，经由差速器22把动力传递给车辆驱动轴。
四档：
接合第一同步器5的右侧接合端5.2，接合第二同步器13的右侧接合端13.2，发动机1输出动力依次通过扭转减振器2、发动机输入轴3、第一同步器5、第二齿轮6、第七齿轮14、第二同步器13、输出轴10、第五齿轮11传递到差速器齿轮21上，经由差速器22把动力传递给车辆驱动轴。
在中间轴上设置一个离合器18，当发动机挂1挡或4挡时，控制离合器分离，此时，作为从动齿轮的第七齿轮12或第八齿轮14只需要带动与之相啮合的一个齿轮(第三齿轮16或第四齿轮17)空转，而无需带动其余三个齿轮(第二齿轮6、第四齿轮17和第七齿轮14或第一齿轮4、第六齿轮12和第三齿轮16)及整个中间轴15空转，从而避免了能量的浪费；并且本方案在发动机与发电机之间增加一个行星齿轮机构7，作为减速器，解决发电机的工作转速范围受限于发动机转速，或采用了二级齿轮减速，但是空间不够紧凑的问题。
八种混动并联驱动模式：
当发动机1在第一档档位上进行驱动时，驱动电机21可以参与驱动，形成一种并联模式。当车辆在某些严苛工况下，有更大动力需求且车辆电池电量充足时，发电机9也可同时短时间的参与驱动，形成另一种并联模式。
当发动机1在第二档、三档和四档档位上进行驱动时，驱动电机20和发电机9参与驱动的并联模式与发动机1在一档类似。
本方案的驱动***可形成八种并联模式，可根据整车控制策略选取。
四种行车发电模式
当发动机在第一档位上进行驱动时，由于输入轴3与行星架7.3固连、发电机输入轴8与太阳轮7.1固连，发动机1可以驱动发电机9发电，形成一种行车发电模式。
当发动机1在第二档、三档和四档档位上进行驱动时，发电机9参与发电的行车发电模式与发动机1在一档类似。
本方案的驱动***可形成四种行车发电模式，可根据整车控制策略选取。
各模式下，换挡元件状态逻辑图如表一所示。
表一
Figure BDA0002740133460000051
Figure BDA0002740133460000061

Claims (1)

1.一种混合动力车辆的多模式驱动***，其特征在于，包括发动机、发电机、驱动电机，行星齿轮机构、输入轴、发电机输入轴、中间轴、驱动电机输出轴、输出轴和差速器，所述发动机通过扭转减震器与所述输入轴相连，输入轴与所述发电机输入轴同轴布置，与所述驱动电机输出轴、中间轴及输出轴相互平行布置，所述行星齿轮机构包括太阳轮、外齿圈、行星架和行星轮，所述太阳轮安设于发电机输入轴上，输入轴端头与所述行星架相连，输入轴上安设第一齿轮和第二齿轮，中间轴上安设第三齿轮和第四齿轮，输出轴上依次安设第五、第六、第七齿轮，驱动电机输出轴上安设有第八齿轮，所述第六齿轮和第七齿轮分别与所述第一、第二齿轮及第三齿轮和第四齿轮相啮合，所述差速器上安设差速器齿轮，所述第五齿轮分别与所述差速器齿轮及第八齿轮相啮合；所述输入轴上还设有第一同步器，所述第一同步器位于所述第一齿轮和第二齿轮之间，所述输出轴上还设有第二同步器，所述第二同步器位于所述第六齿轮和第七齿轮之间；所述中间轴上还设有离合器，位于所述第三齿轮和第四齿轮之间；所述第一同步器与所述输入轴固连，所述第一、第二齿轮均空套于输入轴上，所述第二同步器与所述输出轴固连，所述第六齿轮和第七齿轮均空套于输出轴上；所述第五齿轮、第八齿轮及差速器齿轮均固定安设。
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