CN112174473A - Sludge pyrolysis gasification system - Google Patents
Sludge pyrolysis gasification system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112174473A CN112174473A CN202011227281.6A CN202011227281A CN112174473A CN 112174473 A CN112174473 A CN 112174473A CN 202011227281 A CN202011227281 A CN 202011227281A CN 112174473 A CN112174473 A CN 112174473A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/10—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by pyrolysis
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/13—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by heating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
- C10J3/50—Fuel charging devices
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
- C10J3/84—Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/0916—Biomass
- C10J2300/0923—Sludge, e.g. from water treatment plant
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0983—Additives
- C10J2300/0986—Catalysts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
- C10J2300/1625—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with solids treatment
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/40—Valorisation of by-products of wastewater, sewage or sludge processing
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a sludge pyrolysis gasification system, which comprises a screw feeder, a nozzle, a sludge heat drying chamber, a stirrer, a sludge pyrolysis gasification chamber, a catalytic upgrading tower, a synthetic gas storage tank, a coke combustion chamber, a steam pocket, a first cyclone separator, a second cyclone separator, a synthetic gas preheater, a superheater, an air preheater, a blower and a water treatment workshop, wherein the screw feeder sends sludge into the nozzle rotating at a high speed for granulation, then sprays the sludge into the sludge heat drying chamber, and directly contacts with superheated steam and thermal cycle ash for heat exchange under the action of the stirrer; the dried sludge enters a sludge pyrolysis gasification chamber to generate synthesis gas and coke; the coke and part of the synthesis gas enter a coke combustion chamber to be combusted, and water is heated into saturated steam. The invention takes superheated steam and thermal cycle ash as drying media, adopts a multi-stage coupling heat exchange mode to carry out heat drying on sludge, improves the drying effect, and simultaneously adopts a sludge gasification-coke roasting cascade utilization technology to carry out resource utilization on the sludge.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sludge treatment, and relates to a sludge pyrolysis gasification system.
Background
The sludge is a precipitate generated in the sewage treatment processes of chemical industry, oil refining, paper making, municipal administration and the like, and is a solid-liquid mixture which is an aggregate consisting of zoogloea formed by various microorganisms and organic matters and inorganic matters adsorbed by the zoogloea. The water content of the sludge after mechanical dehydration is about 80 percent, and the sludge also contains organic matters, heavy metals and salts which are difficult to degrade, a small amount of pathogenic microorganisms, parasitic ova and the like. If the treatment is not carried out, the environment can be seriously damaged.
At present, the method generally adopted in China is to carry out heat drying pretreatment on sludge with the water content of about 80 percent after mechanical dehydration, reduce the water content of the sludge to about 50 percent and then carry out direct incineration treatment. Usually, the sludge with the water content higher than 50% can be combusted by adding auxiliary fuel, and the sludge with the water content lower than 50% can be combusted without the auxiliary fuel, so the quality of the drying effect directly influences the subsequent treatment cost of the sludge. In addition, the sludge contains a large amount of nitrogen elements, so that high-concentration nitrogen oxides are easily generated by direct incineration treatment, and organic matter components in the sludge cannot be effectively recovered. The traditional drier, such as the sludge fluidized bed drying device in CN201410437609.5, adopts a grinding bed, a return bed and a drying bed to dry sludge, and an abrasive needs to be added to prevent sludge from drying and caking; the integrated sludge incineration system of the circulating fluidized bed in CN 110748894A adopts an incinerator and a drier to carry out drying and incineration on sludge, the drier mostly adopts a fluidized bed drier, and wet sludge has higher viscosity, so that the generation of a defluidization phenomenon is easily caused, and the drying effect is influenced. The paddle type dryer has poor sludge drying effect due to indirect contact with sludge.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a sludge pyrolysis gasification system, superheated steam and hot circulating ash are taken as drying media, the sludge is thermally dried by adopting a heat exchange mode of indirect contact and direct contact coupling, the drying effect is improved, and the resource utilization of the sludge is realized by adopting a fluidized bed cascade utilization technology of sludge gasification-coke roasting.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows:
a sludge pyrolysis gasification system comprises a sludge heat drying chamber, is used for carrying out heat drying on sludge, a steam pipeline is arranged on the inner wall surface of the sludge heat drying chamber, superheated steam in the pipeline is used for carrying out drying on indirect contact heat release of the sludge through heat radiation, a screw feeder is arranged above the sludge heat drying chamber, a nozzle is further arranged at the top of the sludge heat drying chamber and is connected with the bottom of the screw feeder, a plurality of small holes are formed in the nozzle and are used for forming small particles of the sludge input by the screw feeder through high-speed rotation and jetting the small particles into the sludge heat drying chamber, so that the sludge and the steam are in reverse direct contact heat exchange, a stirrer is arranged at the bottom of the sludge heat drying chamber, adopts a hollow structure, the superheated steam is introduced into the stirrer, a plurality of small holes are formed in blades, the stirrer is driven to rotate by a motor, the sludge is directly contacted with superheated steam and thermal cycle ash residues for heat exchange, an upper header is also arranged above the sludge heat drying chamber, and a lower header is arranged below the sludge heat drying chamber and is respectively communicated with a steam pipeline;
the sludge pyrolysis gasification chamber is arranged on one side of the sludge heat drying chamber, is communicated with the sludge heat drying chamber and is used for carrying out pyrolysis gasification reaction on the sludge dried in the sludge heat drying chamber to generate synthesis gas and coke, the upper part of the sludge pyrolysis gasification chamber is also connected with a catalytic reforming tower which is used for inputting the synthesis gas of the sludge pyrolysis gasification chamber and carrying out catalytic treatment on the synthesis gas, and the treated synthesis gas is output to a synthesis gas storage tank for storage;
the coke combustion chamber is arranged on the other side of the sludge heat drying chamber and is communicated with the lower part of the sludge pyrolysis gasification chamber, coke generated in the sludge pyrolysis gasification chamber is input into the coke combustion chamber to be combusted, a water-cooled wall is arranged on the inner wall surface of the coke combustion chamber, water is heated by heat released by combustion of the coke combustion chamber to form a steam-water mixture, a steam drum is arranged above the coke combustion chamber and is communicated with the water-cooled wall, the steam-water mixture enters the steam drum to be subjected to steam-water separation, unsaturated water continuously enters the water-cooled wall along a pipeline to absorb heat, saturated steam is discharged from the steam drum, the input end of the steam drum is connected with an upper header, the output end of the steam drum is connected with a superheater arranged at the tail flue of the coke combustion chamber and is used for inputting the saturated steam;
the first cyclone separator is arranged between the sludge heat drying chamber and the coke combustion chamber, a first inlet is formed in the side wall of the first cyclone separator, a first gas outlet is formed in the top of the first cyclone separator, a first solid outlet is formed in the bottom of the first cyclone separator, the first inlet is communicated with the upper portion of the sludge heat drying chamber, steam carrying partial sludge particles after heat exchange in the sludge heat drying chamber is input into the first cyclone separator for gas-solid separation, the separated sludge particles are returned to the sludge heat drying chamber through the first solid outlet, the separated steam flows out from the first gas outlet, the first gas outlet is connected with the air preheater, the outside of the air preheater is further connected with the air blower and the water treatment workshop, the steam flows out from the first gas outlet and then enters the air preheater to perform indirect contact heat exchange with normal temperature air input by the air blower, and the steam is condensed into the water treatment workshop after releasing latent heat, the air after absorbing heat enters a coke combustion chamber to be used as fluidized air and a combustion improver;
the second cyclone separator is arranged between the sludge heat drying chamber and the coke combustion chamber, a second inlet is formed in the side wall of the second cyclone separator, a second gas outlet is formed in the top of the second cyclone separator, a second solid outlet is formed in the bottom of the second cyclone separator, the second inlet is communicated with the upper portion of the coke combustion chamber, high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion of the coke combustion chamber carries part of fine particle ash and slag to be input into the second cyclone separator for gas-solid separation, the separated high-temperature ash and slag enter the sludge heat drying chamber as a heat source part and enter the sludge pyrolysis gasification chamber partially, the separated flue gas flows out from the second gas outlet, the second gas outlet end is communicated with a tail flue, and a superheater and a synthesis gas preheater are sequentially arranged in the flue and used for recovering the waste heat of the high;
the synthesis gas preheater is arranged beside the coke combustion chamber, is arranged at the downstream of the superheater and is communicated with the synthesis gas storage tank through a pipeline, after the synthesis gas is input into the synthesis gas preheater for preheating, part of the synthesis gas enters the sludge pyrolysis gasifier chamber, and part of the synthesis gas enters the coke combustion chamber for afterburning;
and after the saturated steam flowing out of the steam pocket further absorbs heat in the superheater, one part of the saturated steam enters the lower header, flows to the upper header along a steam pipeline of the sludge heat drying chamber, then returns to the steam pocket, and the other part of the saturated steam enters the stirrer and flows out along the small blade holes to provide heat for sludge drying.
Preferably, the agitator is hollow structure, including coupling assembling, first stirring subassembly and second stirring subassembly, coupling assembling includes the connecting axle and sets up in the gear an of connecting axle one end, connecting axle and motor fixed connection drive gear a through the motor and rotate and transmit power, first stirring subassembly is including being echelonment big cylinder portion and small circle section of thick bamboo portion, and big cylinder portion is hollow structure, cup joints the one end at small circle section of thick bamboo portion, and the both ends of big cylinder portion all are equipped with big ring and small circle ring, are equipped with a plurality of long blades along circumference between big ring and the small circle ring, the other end of small circle section of thick bamboo portion is provided with gear b, second stirring subassembly cover is established in first stirring subassembly, includes (mixing) shaft and sets up the gear c in (mixing) shaft one end, cup joint a plurality of short blades on the (mixing) shaft, arrange along (mixing) shaft circumference, gear a and gear b, Gear c meshing is driven by gear a and is realized first stirring subassembly and second stirring subassembly antiport, long blade and short blade self revolve to opposite, and both all are provided with a plurality of apertures for steam circulation carries out the direct contact heat transfer with the indoor mud of mud heat drying, and the antiport through long blade and short blade realizes that mud promotes forward.
Preferably, the catalytic reforming tower comprises a first reaction chamber and a second reaction chamber, a mesoporous catalyst is arranged in the first reaction chamber, a microporous catalyst is arranged in the second reaction chamber, the bottom parts of the first reaction chamber and the second reaction chamber are respectively provided with a discharger, and after the synthesis gas generated after the pyrolysis gasification reaction reacts with the mesoporous catalyst and the microporous catalyst, the catalyst is discharged through the discharger for regeneration treatment.
Preferably, a stop valve is arranged on a pipeline connecting a second solid outlet of the second cyclone separator and the sludge pyrolysis gasification chamber and used for adjusting the quality of high-temperature ash entering the sludge pyrolysis gasification chamber.
Preferably, rigid blades are connected between the long blades at the same sides of the two ends and between the large circular rings, and are used for increasing the strength of the long blades at the two ends and the large circular rings and assisting in stirring sludge.
Preferably, the diameter of the small holes on the long blade and the short blade is 3mm-5 mm.
Preferably, the side surface and the bottom of the nozzle are both provided with a plurality of small holes, and the diameters of the small holes are 8-10 mm.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the sludge heat drying chamber, the sludge pyrolysis gasification chamber and the coke combustion chamber are adopted, the sludge is dried and then enters the sludge pyrolysis gasification chamber for pyrolysis gasification to generate synthesis gas (carrying part of tar) and coke, superheated steam and high-temperature ash slag are generated in the coke combustion chamber, the superheated steam and thermal cycle ash are used as drying media and are input into the sludge heat drying chamber, and the sludge drying effect is improved by adopting a coupling heat exchange mode of direct contact and indirect contact of the steam and the thermal cycle ash and the sludge.
2. The stirrer adopts a hollow form, superheated steam is introduced into the stirrer, direct contact between the superheated steam and wet sludge is realized by arranging the multistage long blades, the multistage short blades and the air holes, and meanwhile, the structure that the long blades and the multistage short blades rotate in the opposite direction is adopted, so that the mixing strength of the sludge and the superheated steam is improved, and the function of conveying the sludge into the pyrolysis gasification chamber is achieved.
3. The system converts wet sludge particles into small particles through high-speed rotation of the nozzle to perform reverse heat exchange with superheated steam, then exchanges heat between the superheated steam and cold air, recycles waste heat of the superheated steam (the superheated steam flowing out after contacting with the sludge through the stirrer) as far as possible, and recovers latent heat of vaporization.
4. The sludge is subjected to gradient resource utilization (synthesis gas and coke are burned out), and macromolecular gaseous organic matters generated in the pyrolysis gasification process are sequentially subjected to catalytic modification by a mesoporous catalyst and a microporous catalyst, so that the service efficiency of the catalyst is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the stirrer in the present invention.
Reference numerals
1 is a screw feeder, 2 is a nozzle, 3 is a sludge heat drying chamber, 4 is a lower header, 5 is an upper header, 6 is a first cyclone separator, 7 is a motor, 8 is a stirrer, 9 is a coke combustion chamber, 10 is a second cyclone separator, 11 is a stop valve, 12 is a steam drum, 13 is a superheater, 14 is a synthesis gas preheater, 15 is a sludge pyrolysis gasification chamber, 16 is a catalytic reforming tower, 17 is a synthesis gas storage tank, 18 is a blower, 19 is an air preheater, 20 is a water treatment plant, 61 is a first inlet, 62 is a first solid outlet, 63 is a first gas outlet, 801 is a connecting shaft, 802 is a gear a, 803 is a large cylinder portion, 804 is a small cylinder portion, 805 is a large cylinder portion, 806 is a small cylinder portion, 807 is a long blade, 808 is a gear b, 809 is a stirring shaft, 810 is a gear c, 811 is a short blade, 812 is a rigid blade, 101 is a second inlet, and 102 is a second solid outlet, 103 is a second gas outlet, 161 is a first reaction chamber, 162 is a second reaction chamber, and 163 is a discharger.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, a sludge pyrolysis gasification system comprises a sludge heat drying chamber 3 for heat drying sludge, a steam pipeline is arranged on the inner wall surface of the sludge heat drying chamber 3, the heat radiation of superheated steam in the steam pipeline dries the sludge by indirect contact, a screw feeder 1 is arranged above the sludge heat drying chamber 3, a nozzle 2 is further arranged on the top of the sludge heat drying chamber 3 and connected with the bottom of the screw feeder 1, raw sludge enters the nozzle 2 through the screw feeder 1, a plurality of small holes with the diameter of 8-10mm are arranged on the side surface and the bottom of the nozzle 2, the sludge input by the screw feeder 1 is granulated into small particles and sprayed into the sludge heat drying chamber 3 through high-speed rotation, so that the sludge and the steam are reversely contacted for heat exchange, a stirrer 8 is arranged at the bottom of the sludge heat drying chamber, and the stirrer 8 is of a hollow structure, superheated steam is introduced into the sludge heat drying chamber 3, a plurality of small holes are formed in the blades, the blades are driven to rotate by a motor 7, sludge in the sludge heat drying chamber 3 is stirred, the sludge is directly contacted with the superheated steam and thermal circulation ash residues for heat exchange, an upper header 5 is arranged above the sludge heat drying chamber 3, and a lower header 4 is arranged below the sludge heat drying chamber and is respectively communicated with a steam pipeline;
in this embodiment, the stirrer includes a connection component, a first stirring component and a second stirring component, the connection component includes a connection shaft 801 and a gear a802 disposed at one end of the connection shaft, the connection shaft 801 is fixedly connected with a motor 7, the gear a802 is driven to rotate and transmit power by the motor 7, the first stirring component includes a large cylindrical portion 803 and a small cylindrical portion 804 in a step shape, the large cylindrical portion 803 is a hollow structure and is sleeved at one end of the small cylindrical portion 804, both ends of the large cylindrical portion 803 are both provided with a large circular ring 805 and a small circular ring 806, a plurality of long blades 807 are disposed between the large circular ring 805 and the small circular ring 806 along the circumferential direction, the other end of the small cylindrical portion 804 is provided with a gear b808, the second stirring component is sleeved in the first stirring component and includes a stirring shaft 809 and a gear c810 disposed at one end of the stirring shaft, the stirring shaft 809 is sleeved with a plurality of short blades 811, the stirring shaft 809 is circumferentially arranged, the gear a802 is meshed with the gear b808 and the gear c810, the first stirring component and the second stirring component rotate reversely under the driving of the gear a802, the self rotation directions of the long blade 807 and the short blade 811 are opposite, the long blade 807 and the short blade 811 are provided with a plurality of small holes, the diameters of the small holes are 3mm-5mm, the small holes are used for steam circulation, superheated steam flows out of the small holes and then directly contacts with sludge in the sludge heat drying chamber 3 for heat exchange, the sludge is pushed forwards through the reverse rotation of the long blade and the short blade, in order to increase the strength of the long blade 807 and the large circular ring, rigid blades 812 are further connected between the long blades 807 and the large circular ring 805 at the same side of two ends, and the sludge is stirred to a certain extent.
Comprises a sludge pyrolysis gasification chamber 15 which is arranged at one side of a sludge heat drying chamber 3 and is communicated with the sludge heat drying chamber 3, the sludge dried in the sludge heat drying chamber 3 is subjected to pyrolysis gasification reaction to generate synthesis gas (carrying part of tar) and coke, the upper part of the sludge pyrolysis gasification chamber 15 is also connected with a catalytic reforming tower 16 which is used for inputting the synthesis gas of the sludge pyrolysis gasification chamber 15 and carrying out catalytic treatment on the synthesis gas, the catalytic reforming tower 16 comprises a first reaction chamber 161 and a second reaction chamber 162, an MCM-41 mesoporous catalyst is arranged in the first reaction chamber 161, a ZSM-5 microporous catalyst is arranged in the second reaction chamber 162, the bottoms of the first reaction chamber 161 and the second reaction chamber 162 are respectively provided with a discharger 163, the synthesis gas generated after the pyrolysis gasification reaction reacts with the mesoporous catalyst and the microporous catalyst, the treated synthesis gas is output to a synthesis gas storage tank 17 for storage, the catalyst is discharged through the discharger 163 to be subjected to regeneration treatment;
the device comprises a coke combustion chamber 9, a sludge thermal drying chamber 3 and a lower part of a sludge thermal decomposition gasification chamber 15, wherein coke generated in the sludge thermal decomposition gasification chamber 15 is input into the coke combustion chamber 9 to be combusted, a water-cooling wall is arranged on the inner wall surface of the coke combustion chamber 9, water is heated by heat released by combustion of the coke combustion chamber 9 to form a steam-water mixture, a steam drum 12 is arranged above the coke combustion chamber 9 and is communicated with the water-cooling wall, the steam-water mixture enters the steam drum 12 to be subjected to steam-water separation, unsaturated water continuously enters the water-cooling wall along a pipeline to absorb heat, saturated steam is discharged from the steam drum 12, the input end of the steam drum 12 is connected with an upper header 5, the output end of the steam drum 12 is connected with a superheater 13 arranged at the tail flue of the coke combustion chamber, the saturated steam is input into the superheater 13 to further; one part of the superheated steam enters the lower header 4 and flows to the upper header 5 along a steam pipeline of the sludge heat drying chamber 3, then returns to the steam drum 12, and the other part of the superheated steam enters the stirrer 8 and flows out along the small holes of the blades to provide heat for sludge drying.
The device comprises a first cyclone separator 6 arranged between a sludge heat drying chamber 3 and a coke combustion chamber 9, wherein a first inlet 61 is arranged on the side wall of the first cyclone separator 6, a first gas outlet 63 is arranged at the top, a first solid outlet 62 is arranged at the bottom, the first inlet 61 is communicated with the upper part of the sludge heat drying chamber 3, steam carrying partial sludge particles after heat exchange in the sludge heat drying chamber is input into the first cyclone separator 6 for gas-solid separation, the separated sludge particles are returned to the sludge heat drying chamber 3 through the first solid outlet 62, the separated steam flows out from the first gas outlet 63, the end of the first gas outlet 63 is connected with an air preheater 19, the air blower 18 and a water treatment workshop 20 are also connected to the outside of the air preheater 19, and the steam enters the air preheater 19 after flowing out from the first gas outlet 63 to indirectly contact and exchange heat with normal temperature air input by the air blower 18, the steam releases latent heat of vaporization and then is condensed into water to enter a water treatment workshop 20, and the air after absorbing heat enters a coke combustion chamber 9 to be used as fluidized air and a combustion improver;
the device comprises a second cyclone separator 10 which is arranged between a sludge heat drying chamber 3 and a coke combustion chamber 9, wherein a second inlet 101 is arranged on the side wall of the second cyclone separator 10, a second gas outlet 103 is arranged at the top, a second solid outlet 102 is arranged at the bottom, the second inlet 101 is communicated with the upper part of the coke combustion chamber 9, high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion in the coke combustion chamber 9 carries part of fine particle ash slag to be input into the second cyclone separator 10 for gas-solid separation, the separated high-temperature ash slag enters the sludge heat drying chamber 3 as a heat source part and enters a sludge pyrolysis gasification chamber 15, the separated flue gas flows out from the second gas outlet 103, the end of the second gas outlet 103 is communicated with a tail flue, and a superheater 13 and a synthesis gas preheater 14 are sequentially arranged in the flue and used for recovering the waste heat of the high-temperature flue gas;
the fluidized medium pyrolyzed and gasified in the sludge pyrolysis and gasification chamber 15 is synthesis gas after absorbing heat, and meanwhile, the other part of high-temperature ash and slag flowing out from the second solid outlet 102 of the second cyclone separator 10 also serve as a heat source to enter the sludge pyrolysis and gasification chamber 15 to perform pyrolysis and gasification reaction on sludge.
The device comprises a synthesis gas preheater 14, a sludge pyrolysis gasifier chamber 15 and a coke combustion chamber 9, wherein the synthesis gas preheater 14 is arranged beside the coke combustion chamber 9, is arranged at the downstream of a superheater 13, is communicated with a synthesis gas storage tank 17 through a pipeline, inputs the synthesis gas into the synthesis gas preheater 14 for preheating, and then partially enters the coke combustion chamber 9 for afterburning;
in this embodiment, a stop valve 11 is arranged on a pipeline connecting the second solid outlet 102 of the second cyclone separator and the sludge pyrolysis gasification chamber 15, and is used for adjusting the quality of high-temperature ash entering the sludge pyrolysis gasification chamber 15.
According to the invention, superheated steam and thermal circulation ash are taken as drying media in the sludge heat drying chamber, a heat exchange mode of indirect contact and direct contact coupling with sludge is adopted, the sludge drying effect is improved, the dried sludge is subjected to pyrolysis gasification reaction in the pyrolysis gasification chamber to generate synthesis gas and coke, the synthesis gas and the coke are returned to the sludge pyrolysis gasification chamber and the coke combustion chamber to serve as fluidized media and supplementary fuel, a fluidized bed cascade utilization technology of sludge gasification-coke roasting is formed, saturated steam generated by the coke combustion chamber passes through a heater, a lower header, a steam pipeline and an upper header to form a circulation loop of heat required by sludge drying, self-supply energy is realized, the waste heat of the superheated steam is fully recycled, and latent heat of vaporization is recovered.
Finally, it is noted that the above-mentioned preferred embodiments illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that, although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A sludge pyrolysis gasification system is characterized in that: the sludge heat drying device comprises a sludge heat drying chamber, is used for carrying out heat drying on sludge, a steam pipeline is arranged on the inner wall surface of the sludge heat drying chamber, superheated steam in the pipeline carries out drying on indirect contact heat release of the sludge through heat radiation, a screw feeder is arranged above the sludge heat drying chamber, a nozzle is further arranged at the top of the sludge heat drying chamber and is connected with the bottom of the screw feeder, a plurality of small holes are formed in the nozzle and are used for granulating the sludge input by the screw feeder into small particles through high-speed rotation and spraying the small particles into the sludge heat drying chamber, so that the sludge and the steam are in reverse direct contact heat exchange, a stirrer is arranged at the bottom of the sludge heat drying chamber, adopts a hollow structure, is internally introduced with the superheated steam, a plurality of small holes are formed in blades, and is driven to rotate by a motor, so as to stir the sludge in the sludge heat drying, an upper header is also arranged above the sludge heat drying chamber, and a lower header is arranged below the sludge heat drying chamber and is respectively communicated with the steam pipeline;
the sludge pyrolysis gasification chamber is arranged on one side of the sludge heat drying chamber, is communicated with the sludge heat drying chamber and is used for carrying out pyrolysis gasification reaction on the sludge dried in the sludge heat drying chamber to generate synthesis gas and coke, the upper part of the sludge pyrolysis gasification chamber is also connected with a catalytic reforming tower which is used for inputting the synthesis gas of the sludge pyrolysis gasification chamber and carrying out catalytic treatment on the synthesis gas, and the treated synthesis gas is output to a synthesis gas storage tank for storage;
the coke combustion chamber is arranged on the other side of the sludge heat drying chamber and is communicated with the lower part of the sludge pyrolysis gasification chamber, coke generated in the sludge pyrolysis gasification chamber is input into the coke combustion chamber to be combusted, a water-cooled wall is arranged on the inner wall surface of the coke combustion chamber, water is heated by heat released by combustion of the coke combustion chamber to form a steam-water mixture, a steam drum is arranged above the coke combustion chamber and is communicated with the water-cooled wall, the steam-water mixture enters the steam drum to be subjected to steam-water separation, unsaturated water continuously enters the water-cooled wall along a pipeline to absorb heat, saturated steam is discharged from the steam drum, the input end of the steam drum is connected with an upper header, the output end of the steam drum is connected with a superheater arranged at the tail flue of the coke combustion chamber and is used for inputting the saturated steam;
the first cyclone separator is arranged between the sludge heat drying chamber and the coke combustion chamber, a first inlet is formed in the side wall of the first cyclone separator, a first gas outlet is formed in the top of the first cyclone separator, a first solid outlet is formed in the bottom of the first cyclone separator, the first inlet is communicated with the upper portion of the sludge heat drying chamber, steam carrying partial sludge particles after heat exchange in the sludge heat drying chamber is input into the first cyclone separator for gas-solid separation, the separated sludge particles are returned to the sludge heat drying chamber through the first solid outlet, the separated steam flows out from the first gas outlet, the first gas outlet is connected with the air preheater, the outside of the air preheater is further connected with the air blower and the water treatment workshop, the steam flows out from the first gas outlet and then enters the air preheater to perform indirect contact heat exchange with normal temperature air input by the air blower, and the steam is condensed into the water treatment workshop after releasing latent heat, the air after absorbing heat enters a coke combustion chamber to be used as fluidized air and a combustion improver;
the second cyclone separator is arranged between the sludge heat drying chamber and the coke combustion chamber, a second inlet is formed in the side wall of the second cyclone separator, a second gas outlet is formed in the top of the second cyclone separator, a second solid outlet is formed in the bottom of the second cyclone separator, the second inlet is communicated with the upper portion of the coke combustion chamber, high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion of the coke combustion chamber carries part of fine particle ash and slag to be input into the second cyclone separator for gas-solid separation, the separated high-temperature ash and slag enter the sludge heat drying chamber as a heat source part and enter the sludge pyrolysis gasification chamber partially, the separated flue gas flows out from the second gas outlet, the second gas outlet end is communicated with a tail flue, and a superheater and a synthesis gas preheater are sequentially arranged in the flue and used for recovering the waste heat of the high;
the synthesis gas preheater is arranged beside the coke combustion chamber, is arranged at the downstream of the superheater and is communicated with the synthesis gas storage tank through a pipeline, after the synthesis gas is input into the synthesis gas preheater for preheating, part of the synthesis gas enters the sludge pyrolysis gasifier chamber, and part of the synthesis gas enters the coke combustion chamber for afterburning;
and after the saturated steam flowing out of the steam pocket further absorbs heat in the superheater, one part of the saturated steam enters the lower header, flows to the upper header along a steam pipeline of the sludge heat drying chamber, then returns to the steam pocket, and the other part of the saturated steam enters the stirrer and flows out along the small blade holes to provide heat for sludge drying.
2. The sludge pyrolysis gasification system according to claim 1, wherein: the stirrer comprises a connecting assembly, a first stirring assembly and a second stirring assembly, wherein the connecting assembly comprises a connecting shaft and a gear a arranged at one end of the connecting shaft, the connecting shaft is fixedly connected with a motor, the gear a is driven to rotate and transmit power through the motor, the first stirring assembly comprises a large cylindrical part and a small cylindrical part which are in a step shape, the large cylindrical part is of a hollow structure and is sleeved at one end of the small cylindrical part, both ends of the large cylindrical part are provided with a large circular ring and a small circular ring, a plurality of long blades are arranged between the large circular ring and the small circular ring along the circumferential direction, the other end of the small cylindrical part is provided with a gear b, the second stirring assembly is sleeved in the first stirring assembly and comprises a stirring shaft and a gear c arranged at one end of the stirring shaft, the stirring shaft is sleeved with a plurality of short blades and is arranged along the circumferential direction, and the gear a is meshed with the gear, drive by gear a and realize first stirring subassembly and second stirring subassembly antiport, long blade and short blade self revolve to opposite, and both all are provided with a plurality of apertures for steam circulation carries out the direct contact heat transfer with the indoor mud of mud heat drying, through the antiport of long blade and short blade, realizes that mud promotes forward.
3. The sludge pyrolysis gasification system according to claim 1, wherein: the catalytic reforming tower comprises a first reaction chamber and a second reaction chamber, wherein a mesoporous catalyst is arranged in the first reaction chamber, a microporous catalyst is arranged in the second reaction chamber, the bottoms of the first reaction chamber and the second reaction chamber are respectively provided with a discharger, and after synthetic gas generated after pyrolysis gasification reaction reacts with the mesoporous catalyst and the microporous catalyst, the catalyst is discharged through the discharger to be subjected to regeneration treatment.
4. The sludge pyrolysis gasification system according to claim 1, wherein: and a stop valve is arranged on a pipeline connecting a second solid outlet of the second cyclone separator and the sludge pyrolysis gasification chamber and used for adjusting the quality of high-temperature ash entering the sludge pyrolysis gasification chamber.
5. The sludge pyrolysis gasification system according to claim 2, wherein: rigid blades are connected between the long blades at the same sides of the two ends and between the large circular rings and are used for increasing the strength of the long blades at the two ends and the large circular rings and assisting in stirring sludge.
6. The sludge pyrolysis gasification system according to claim 2, wherein: the diameter of the small holes on the long blade and the short blade is 3mm-5 mm.
7. The sludge pyrolysis gasification system according to claim 1, wherein: the side surface and the bottom of the nozzle are both provided with a plurality of small holes, and the diameters of the small holes are 8-10 mm.
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| CN115029147A (en) * | 2022-07-04 | 2022-09-09 | 重庆科技学院 | Low-energy-consumption biomass pyrolysis device capable of recycling sensible heat of synthesis gas |
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