CN112167433A - High-protein distiller's grain feed and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-protein distiller's grain feed and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
- A23K10/38—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material from distillers' or brewers' waste
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/14—Pretreatment of feeding-stuffs with enzymes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
- A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/189—Enzymes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
- C12M21/18—Apparatus specially designed for the use of free, immobilized or carrier-bound enzymes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M23/00—Constructional details, e.g. recesses, hinges
- C12M23/38—Caps; Covers; Plugs; Pouring means
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- C12M27/00—Means for mixing, agitating or circulating fluids in the vessel
- C12M27/02—Stirrer or mobile mixing elements
- C12M27/06—Stirrer or mobile mixing elements with horizontal or inclined stirrer shaft or axis
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- C12M33/00—Means for introduction, transport, positioning, extraction, harvesting, peeling or sampling of biological material in or from the apparatus
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-protein distillers 'grains feed and a preparation method thereof, wherein the high-protein distillers' grains feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of vinasse raw materials, 6-8 parts of bran, 4-6 parts of cellulase, 1 part of alcohol dehydrogenase and 3-6 parts of mixed strains; the preparation method comprises the following steps: step one, carrying out high-temperature sterilization pretreatment on the vinasse raw material, step two, carrying out enzymolysis reaction by using cellulase and alcohol dehydrogenase, step three, inoculating a mixed strain of aspergillus oryzae, aspergillus niger and candida tropicalis for fermentation, and step four, drying, puffing and crushing to finally prepare the high-protein vinasse feed; the invention belongs to the technical field of livestock feed preparation; the invention solves the problems of high crude fiber content and large protein molecular weight in the vinasse, which are not beneficial to digestion and absorption and cause low nutritive value of the vinasse feed in the prior art, simultaneously reduces the separation steps of rice hulls in the vinasse and solves the problem of high cost of rice hull separation treatment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of livestock feed preparation, and particularly relates to a high-protein distiller's grain feed and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The vinasse is residue left by extracting alcohol after fermenting and distilling grain raw materials such as sorghum, corn, wheat, barley and the like, wherein a plurality of nutrient substances which cannot be fully utilized, such as fat, protein, cellulose, vitamins, trace elements and the like, are remained, and the vinasse also contains abundant fermentation byproducts, so the method has very high development and utilization values. The distiller's grains can be generally divided into three types of distiller's grains, brewer's grains and alcohol distiller's grains, wherein the distiller's grains mainly use sorghum, sweet potatoes and rice as raw materials, the brewer's grains mainly use wheat bran, barley, rice bran and the like as raw materials, and the alcohol distiller's grains mainly use corn distiller's grains. The distiller's grains have wide source and low cost, and can be used as plant protein feed after rough processing. However, due to the large amount of rice hulls contained therein, the content of crude fiber in the distiller's grains is high, the palatability is poor, and the digestion energy and the metabolism energy are low; meanwhile, the protein has large relative molecular weight and compact structure, is not beneficial to the digestion and absorption of organisms, and seriously influences the nutritive value of the vinasse as the feed. In order to improve the feeding value of the vinasse, the prior art generally centrifugally screens off the rice hulls in the vinasse to remove most of crude fibers, but the process of separating the rice hulls from the vinasse is complicated, the treatment mode of the separated rice hulls needs to be considered, the recycling cost of the vinasse is increased, and the method is not suitable for large-scale industrial production.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-protein distillers ' grains feed and a preparation method thereof, which solve the problems of low nutritional value of the distillers ' grains feed caused by high crude fiber content and high protein molecular weight which are not beneficial to digestion and absorption in the prior art, reduce the separation steps of rice hulls in distillers ' grains and solve the problem of high cost of rice hull separation treatment.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a high-protein distiller's grain feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of vinasse raw materials, 6-8 parts of bran, 4-6 parts of cellulase, 1 part of alcohol dehydrogenase and 3-6 parts of mixed strains;
the high-protein distiller's grain feed is prepared by the following steps:
step one, raw material pretreatment: heating the lees raw material at the temperature of 150-;
step two, fiber enzymolysis: feeding the sterilized fermentation medium into an enzymolysis fermentation device, adding cellulase and alcohol dehydrogenase into the fermentation medium, and stirring for enzymolysis for 3-4h at 28-34 deg.C and 120r/min to obtain enzymolysis mixture;
step three, inoculating and fermenting: inoculating mixed strains into the enzymolysis mixture, controlling the temperature to be 26-30 ℃, and performing fermentation culture for 3-5 days to obtain a fermentation mixture;
step four, puffing treatment: fermenting the fermentation mixture by enzymolysisDischarging, inactivating, drying to make the water content of the fermented mixture lower than 10 wt% to obtain dried mixture, placing the dried mixture into a bulking machine at 85-90 deg.C and under 220-one-step pressure of 240kg/cm2Puffing under the condition of (1) to obtain a puffed mixture, and crushing the puffed mixture to 40-50 meshes to obtain the high-protein distiller's grain feed.
Further, the vinasse raw material is one or two of white spirit vinasse and brewer's grain which are mixed according to any proportion.
Further, the mixed strain is a mixture of aspergillus oryzae, aspergillus niger and candida tropicalis, wherein the mass ratio of the aspergillus oryzae to the aspergillus niger to the candida tropicalis is 1:1: 1.
The enzymolysis fermentation equipment used in the preparation process comprises a lifting mechanism, a lifting hopper assembly, a lifting motor, a reaction mechanism, a stirring motor and a bottom plate, wherein the lifting mechanism is positioned on one side of the upper surface of the bottom plate;
the lifting mechanism comprises a guide rail support, the bottom end of the guide rail support is fixedly connected with the upper surface of a bottom plate, two oppositely arranged first guide rails are arranged on the guide rail support, the bottom end of each first guide rail is fixedly connected with the bottom plate, the lower part of the middle part of each first guide rail is fixedly connected with the guide rail support, two oppositely arranged second guide rails are arranged above the first guide rails, the bottom end of each second guide rail is fixedly connected with the bottom plate, the two second guide rails are respectively and fixedly connected with the two first guide rails, a driving shaft is arranged between the two second guide rails and is positioned at the bottom end of each second guide rail, the driving shaft penetrates through the second guide rails and is rotatably connected with the second guide rails, two oppositely arranged driving sprockets are installed and fixed on the driving shaft, the two driving sprockets are respectively positioned inside the two second guide rails, one end of the driving shaft is fixedly connected with the output end of a lifting motor, the two driven sprockets are respectively arranged inside the two second guide rails, the driven sprockets are rotationally connected with the second guide rails, a chain is arranged between the driven sprockets and the driving sprocket, and the driven sprockets are in transmission connection with the driving sprocket through the chain;
the material lifting hopper assembly comprises a hopper body, a second guide rod is fixed to the bottom end of one side of the hopper body, the two ends of the second guide rod are fixedly connected with a chain respectively, the second guide rod is connected with a second guide rail in a sliding mode, a first guide rod is arranged above the second guide rod, the first guide rod is parallel to the second guide rod, the first guide rod is fixedly connected with the hopper body, guide wheels are installed at the two ends of the first guide rod respectively, the guide wheels are located inside the first guide rail, the guide wheels are connected with the first guide rail in a rolling mode, and the first guide rod is connected with the first guide rail in a sliding mode.
Further, the reaction mechanism comprises a fermentation chamber, supporting seats are oppositely arranged on two sides of the fermentation chamber, the supporting seats are fixedly connected with the side wall of the fermentation chamber, the bottom ends of the supporting seats are fixedly connected with the upper surface of the bottom plate, bearing seats are oppositely arranged in the centers of two sides of the fermentation chamber, the bottom ends of the bearing seats are fixedly connected with the top end of the supporting seats, a feeding port is formed in one side of the top end of the fermentation chamber, a sealing cover is arranged above the feeding port and is in sliding connection with the top end of the fermentation chamber, a discharging port is arranged at the bottom end of one side, away from the feeding port, of the fermentation chamber, a stirring shaft is arranged in the fermentation chamber, two ends of the stirring shaft penetrate through the side wall of the fermentation chamber, the stirring shaft is rotatably connected with the fermentation chamber, one end, the fermentation storehouse is inside to be equipped with the spiral stirring rake, spiral stirring rake and (mixing) shaft fixed connection.
Furthermore, the first guide rail is of a hollow structure, the cross section of the first guide rail is C-shaped, the second guide rail is also of a hollow structure, a sliding groove is formed below one side wall of the second guide rail, and the second guide rod is matched with the sliding groove.
A preparation method of a high-protein distiller's grain feed specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, raw material pretreatment: heating the lees raw material at the temperature of 150-;
step two, fiber enzymolysis: feeding the sterilized fermentation medium into a hopper body of an enzymolysis fermentation device, starting a lifting motor, lifting a hopper lifting assembly upwards through a lifting mechanism, pouring the fermentation medium in the hopper body into a fermentation bin, adding cellulase and alcohol dehydrogenase into the fermentation medium, closing a sealing cover, controlling the temperature in the fermentation bin to be 28-34 ℃, starting a stirring motor, rotating a spiral stirring paddle, and stirring for enzymolysis for 3-4 hours at the rotating speed of 120r/min to obtain an enzymolysis mixture;
step three, inoculating and fermenting: closing the stirring motor, opening the sealing cover, inoculating mixed strains into the enzymolysis mixture, closing the sealing cover, controlling the temperature in the fermentation bin to be 26-30 ℃, and performing fermentation culture for 3-5 days to obtain a fermentation mixture;
step four, puffing treatment: discharging the fermentation mixture from a discharge port of the fermentation bin, inactivating, drying to make the water content of the fermentation mixture lower than 10 wt% to obtain a dried mixture, placing the dried mixture into a bulking machine, and adding 240kg/cm of organic solvent at 85-90 deg.C and 220-2Puffing under the condition of (1) to obtain a puffed mixture, and crushing the puffed mixture to 40-50 meshes to obtain the high-protein distiller's grain feed.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention recycles the lees which are taken as wastes in the winery and accumulated in large quantity as feed raw materials, thereby playing the roles of recycling the wastes and reducing the environmental pollution; by using the vinasse as a raw material carrier and adopting multi-strain mixed solid state fermentation, the method has the advantages of small occupied area, low production cost and high fermentation efficiency; inorganic nitrogen and plant crude protein can be converted into mycoprotein through multi-strain microbial fermentation, the protein content is improved, the protein structure and the amino acid proportion in the vinasse feed can be changed, the thalli not only contains a large amount of mycoprotein, but also contains abundant vitamins and bioactive substances, such as thiamine, pantothenic acid, folic acid, choline, biotin, inositol, nicotinic acid, ergot catalpol, coenzyme, lecithin, cytochrome C, glutathione, various microbial enzymes, growth regulators and the like, and the substances cannot be lacked in the physiological metabolism of animals, so that the fermented feed has balanced nutrition and higher animal absorption rate;
the method comprises the steps of heating the vinasse raw material at the temperature of 150-180 ℃, so that cellulose is degraded under the high-temperature condition, the polymerization degree is reduced, and the degradation rate of crude fiber in the vinasse is improved; then, cellulose, hemicellulose and soluble sugars in the vinasse are converted into organic acids such as lactic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid and the like by adding cellulase and alcohol dehydrogenase for stirring and enzymolysis, so that the digestion of livestock and poultry is facilitated; the fermentation mixture is dried, puffed and crushed, so that the rice hull fiber tissue is in a fluffy state, the dissolution rate of nutrients in the rice hulls can be improved, and the puffed vinasse has good dissolubility and palatability and is easy to digest by livestock;
according to the invention, the enzymolysis fermentation equipment is utilized, the lifting hopper component is lifted through the lifting mechanism, the fermentation culture medium in the hopper body is fed into the fermentation bin, and automatically falls back to the lowest point after pouring, and then the fermentation culture medium is fed again, the design of the mechanism is beneficial to large-scale industrial production of the vinasse feed, and the open hopper body is more convenient to clean, so that the breeding of mixed bacteria caused by material residue is avoided; the fermentation culture medium finishes enzymolysis and fermentation processes in the fermentation bin in sequence, so that the material transfer process is reduced, and the production efficiency is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an enzymatic fermentation apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the enzymatic fermentation apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the lifting mechanism and the elevating hopper assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of the lift mechanism and lift hopper assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of the invention at A in FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a reaction mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a first guide rail of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a second rail of the present invention.
In the drawings, the components represented by the respective reference numerals are listed below:
1. a lifting mechanism; 101. a rail bracket; 102. a second guide rail; 103. a first guide rail; 104. a drive shaft; 105. a drive sprocket; 106. a driven sprocket; 107. a chain; 2. a hopper lifting assembly; 201. a hopper body; 202. a second guide bar; 203. a first guide bar; 204. a guide wheel; 3. a hoisting motor; 4. a reaction mechanism; 401. a fermentation bin; 402. a feed inlet; 403. a sealing cover; 404. a stirring shaft; 405. a helical stirring paddle; 406. a driven pulley; 407. a discharge port; 5. a stirring motor; 501. a driving pulley; 6. a supporting seat; 7. a bearing seat; 8. a base plate.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
a high-protein distiller's grain feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of a vinasse raw material, 6 parts of bran, 4 parts of cellulase, 1 part of alcohol dehydrogenase and 3 parts of a mixed strain;
the high-protein distiller's grain feed is prepared by the following steps:
step one, raw material pretreatment: heating the lees raw material at 150 deg.C to make water content in lees raw material 36 wt%, adding bran into dried lees raw material to obtain fermentation culture medium, adjusting pH of the fermentation culture medium to 6, and sterilizing the fermentation culture medium with high pressure steam at 120 deg.C and 0.1MPa for 15 min;
step two, fiber enzymolysis: feeding the sterilized fermentation medium into an enzymolysis fermentation device, adding cellulase and alcohol dehydrogenase into the fermentation medium, and stirring for enzymolysis for 3h at 28 ℃ and 120r/min to obtain an enzymolysis mixture;
step three, inoculating and fermenting: inoculating mixed strains into the enzymolysis mixture, controlling the temperature to be 26 ℃, and performing fermentation culture for 3 days to obtain a fermentation mixture;
step four, puffing treatment: discharging the fermentation mixture from the enzymolysis fermentation equipment, inactivating, drying to make the water content of the fermentation mixture 10 wt% to obtain dried mixture, placing the dried mixture into a bulking machine, and puffing at 85 deg.C and 220kg/cm under pressure2Puffing under the condition of (1) to obtain a puffed mixture, and crushing the puffed mixture to 40 meshes to obtain the high-protein distiller's grain feed.
The vinasse raw material is white spirit vinasse.
The mixed strain is a mixture of aspergillus oryzae, aspergillus niger and candida tropicalis, wherein the mass ratio of the aspergillus oryzae to the aspergillus niger to the candida tropicalis is 1:1: 1.
Example 2:
a high-protein distiller's grain feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of a vinasse raw material, 7 parts of bran, 5 parts of cellulase, 1 part of alcohol dehydrogenase and 4 parts of a mixed strain;
the high-protein distiller's grain feed is prepared by the following steps:
step one, raw material pretreatment: heating the lees raw material at 170 ℃ to ensure that the water content in the lees raw material is 38 wt%, adding bran into the dried lees raw material to obtain a fermentation culture medium, adjusting the pH value of the fermentation culture medium to 6.5, and sterilizing the fermentation culture medium for 18min by high-pressure steam under the conditions of temperature of 120 ℃ and pressure of 0.1 MPa;
step two, fiber enzymolysis: feeding the sterilized fermentation medium into an enzymolysis fermentation device, adding cellulase and alcohol dehydrogenase into the fermentation medium, and stirring for enzymolysis for 3h at 30 ℃ and 120r/min to obtain an enzymolysis mixture;
step three, inoculating and fermenting: inoculating mixed strains into the enzymolysis mixture, controlling the temperature to be 28 ℃, and fermenting and culturing for 4 days to obtain a fermentation mixture;
step four, puffing treatment: discharging the fermentation mixture from the enzymolysis fermentation equipment, inactivating, drying to make the water content of the fermentation mixture 9.5 wt% to obtain dried mixture, placing the dried mixture into a bulking machine, and puffing at 87 deg.C and 230kg/cm2Puffing under the condition of (1) to obtain a puffed mixture, and crushing the puffed mixture to 40 meshes to obtain the high-protein distiller's grain feed.
The lees raw material is brewer's grains.
The mixed strain is a mixture of aspergillus oryzae, aspergillus niger and candida tropicalis, wherein the mass ratio of the aspergillus oryzae to the aspergillus niger to the candida tropicalis is 1:1: 1.
Example 3:
a high-protein distiller's grain feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of a vinasse raw material, 8 parts of bran, 6 parts of cellulase, 1 part of alcohol dehydrogenase and 6 parts of mixed strain;
the high-protein distiller's grain feed is prepared by the following steps:
step one, raw material pretreatment: heating the lees raw material at 180 deg.C to make water content in lees raw material 40 wt%, adding bran into dried lees raw material to obtain fermentation culture medium, adjusting pH of the fermentation culture medium to 7, and sterilizing the fermentation culture medium with high pressure steam at 120 deg.C and 0.1MPa for 20 min;
step two, fiber enzymolysis: feeding the sterilized fermentation medium into an enzymolysis fermentation device, adding cellulase and alcohol dehydrogenase into the fermentation medium, and stirring for enzymolysis for 4h at 34 ℃ and 120r/min to obtain an enzymolysis mixture;
step three, inoculating and fermenting: inoculating mixed strains into the enzymolysis mixture, controlling the temperature to be 30 ℃, and fermenting and culturing for 5 days to obtain a fermentation mixture;
step four, puffing treatment: discharging the fermentation mixture from the enzymolysis fermentation equipment, inactivating, drying to make the water content of the fermentation mixture 9 wt% to obtain dried mixture, placing the dried mixture into a bulking machine, and puffing at 90 deg.C and 240kg/cm under pressure2Puffing under the condition of (1) to obtain a puffed mixture, and crushing the puffed mixture to 50 meshes to obtain the high-protein distiller's grain feed.
The vinasse raw material is formed by mixing white spirit vinasse and beer vinasse in a ratio of 1: 1.
The mixed strain is a mixture of aspergillus oryzae, aspergillus niger and candida tropicalis, wherein the mass ratio of the aspergillus oryzae to the aspergillus niger to the candida tropicalis is 1:1: 1.
Referring to fig. 1-8, the enzymolysis fermentation apparatus in the above embodiment includes a lifting mechanism 1, a lifting hopper assembly 2, a lifting motor 3, a reaction mechanism 4, a stirring motor 5, and a bottom plate 8, where the lifting mechanism 1 is located on one side of the upper surface of the bottom plate 8, the lifting hopper assembly 2 is mounted on the lifting mechanism 1, the lifting motor 3 is fixed on the upper surface of the bottom plate 8, the lifting motor 3 is located on one side below the lifting mechanism 1, the reaction mechanism 4 is located on one side of the upper surface of the bottom plate 8 away from the lifting mechanism 1, the stirring motor 5 is located below the reaction mechanism 4, the stirring motor 5 is fixed on the upper surface of the bottom plate 8, and a driving pulley 501 is mounted and fixed on an output end of the stirring;
the lifting mechanism 1 comprises a guide rail support 101, the bottom end of the guide rail support 101 is fixedly connected with the upper surface of a bottom plate 8, two oppositely arranged first guide rails 103 are arranged on the guide rail support 101, the bottom end of each first guide rail 103 is fixedly connected with the bottom plate 8, the lower part of the middle part of each first guide rail 103 is fixedly connected with the guide rail support 101, two oppositely arranged second guide rails 102 are arranged above the first guide rails 103, the bottom end of each second guide rail 102 is fixedly connected with the bottom plate 8, the two second guide rails 102 are respectively fixedly connected with the two first guide rails 103, a driving shaft 104 is arranged between the two second guide rails 102, the driving shaft 104 is positioned at the bottom end of the second guide rail 102 and penetrates through the second guide rails 102, the driving shaft 104 is rotatably connected with the second guide rails 102, two oppositely arranged driving sprockets 105 are installed and fixed on the driving shaft 104, and the two driving sprockets 105 are respectively positioned inside, one end of the driving shaft 104 is fixedly connected with the output end of the lifting motor 3, two driven chain wheels 106 which are oppositely arranged are arranged at the top end of the second guide rail 102, the two driven chain wheels 106 are respectively arranged inside the two second guide rails 102, the driven chain wheels 106 are rotationally connected with the second guide rail 102, a chain 107 is arranged between the driven chain wheels 106 and the driving chain wheel 105, and the driven chain wheels 106 and the driving chain wheel 105 are in transmission connection through the chain 107;
the material lifting hopper assembly 2 comprises a hopper body 201, a second guide rod 202 is fixed at the bottom end of one side of the hopper body 201, two ends of the second guide rod 202 are respectively fixedly connected with the chain 107, the second guide rod 202 is slidably connected with a second guide rail 102, a first guide rod 203 is arranged above the second guide rod 202, the first guide rod 203 is parallel to the second guide rod 202, the first guide rod 203 is fixedly connected with the hopper body 201, guide wheels 204 are respectively installed at two ends of the first guide rod 203, the guide wheels 204 are located inside the first guide rail 103, the guide wheels 204 are in rolling connection with the first guide rail 103, and the first guide rod 203 is slidably connected with the first guide rail 103.
The reaction mechanism 4 comprises a fermentation chamber 401, wherein two sides of the fermentation chamber 401 are oppositely provided with supporting seats 6, the supporting seats 6 are fixedly connected with the side wall of the fermentation chamber 401, the bottom end of the supporting seat 6 is fixedly connected with the upper surface of a bottom plate 8, the centers of two sides of the fermentation chamber 401 are oppositely provided with bearing seats 7, the bottom end of the bearing seat 7 is fixedly connected with the top end of the supporting seat 6, one side of the top end of the fermentation chamber 401 is provided with a feeding hole 402, a sealing cover 403 is arranged above the feeding hole 402, the sealing cover 403 is slidably connected with the top end of the fermentation chamber 401, the bottom end of one side of the fermentation chamber 401, which is far away from the feeding hole 402, is provided with a discharge hole 407, the discharge hole 407 is communicated with the interior of the fermentation chamber 401, a stirring shaft 404 is arranged in the fermentation chamber 401, two ends of the stirring shaft, driven pulley 406 is connected through belt transmission with driving pulley 501, and fermentation storehouse 401 is inside to be equipped with spiral stirring rake 405, spiral stirring rake 405 and (mixing) shaft 404 fixed connection.
The first guide rail 103 is of a hollow structure, the cross section of the first guide rail is C-shaped, the second guide rail 102 is also of a hollow structure, a sliding groove is formed below one side wall of the second guide rail 102, and the second guide rod 202 is matched with the sliding groove.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
when the fermentation medium automatic filling device is used, the sealing cover 403 of the reaction mechanism 4 is opened, the fermentation medium is firstly transferred into the hopper body 201, after the hopper body 201 is full, the lifting motor 3 is started, the output end of the lifting motor 3 drives the driving shaft 104 to rotate, the driving shaft 104 drives the driving chain wheel 105 to rotate, the driving chain wheel 105 drives the driven chain wheel 106 to rotate through the chain 107, the first guide rod 203 fixed on the chain 107 slides along the first guide rail 103 to lift the hopper body 201 upwards, the rollers at the two ends of the second guide rod 202 slide upwards along the second guide rail 102, when the second guide rod 202 slides to the horizontal section of the second guide rail 102, the first guide rod 203 continues to slide upwards along the first guide rail 103, the second guide rod 202 slides in the horizontal section of the second guide rail 102 until the first guide rod 203 rises to the top end of the first guide rail 103, so that the fermentation medium in the hopper body 201 is automatically filled into the, after the materials are poured, the lifting motor 3 is controlled to rotate reversely, so that the material lifting hopper assembly 2 is lowered to the bottom end of the lifting mechanism 1, the feeding efficiency of the fermentation medium is improved through the matching of the lifting mechanism 1 and the material lifting hopper assembly 2, meanwhile, the open type hopper body 201 is more convenient to clean, and the materials are prevented from being left and breeding bacteria;
after the fermentation medium enters the fermentation bin 401, the stirring motor 5 is started, the output end of the stirring motor 5 drives the driving belt wheel 501 to rotate, the driving belt wheel 501 drives the driven belt wheel 406 to rotate through a belt, the driven belt wheel 406 drives the stirring shaft 404 to rotate, the spiral stirring paddle 405 fixed on the stirring shaft 404 is made to rotate, the fermentation medium in the fermentation bin 401 is stirred and mixed, cellulase and alcohol dehydrogenase are added from the feeding hole 402, the sealing cover 403 is closed in a sliding mode to perform stirring enzymolysis reaction, after the enzymolysis reaction is completed, the stirring motor 5 is closed, the sealing cover 403 is opened in a sliding mode, mixed strains are inoculated into the fermentation bin 401, then the sealing cover 403 is closed, the temperature in the fermentation bin 401 is adjusted to perform fermentation, after the fermentation is completed, the prepared fermentation mixture can be discharged from the discharging hole 407, and a subsequent drying.
The foregoing is merely exemplary and illustrative of the principles of the present invention and various modifications, additions and substitutions of the specific embodiments described herein may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present invention or exceeding the scope of the claims set forth herein.
Claims (7)
1. A high protein distillers' grains feed is characterized in that: the feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of vinasse raw materials, 6-8 parts of bran, 4-6 parts of cellulase, 1 part of alcohol dehydrogenase and 3-6 parts of mixed strains;
the high-protein distiller's grain feed is prepared by the following steps:
step one, raw material pretreatment: heating the lees raw material at the temperature of 150-;
step two, fiber enzymolysis: feeding the sterilized fermentation medium into a hopper body (201) of an enzymolysis fermentation device, starting a lifting motor (3), lifting a lifting hopper component (2) upwards through a lifting mechanism (1), pouring the fermentation medium in the hopper body (201) into a fermentation bin (401), adding cellulase and alcohol dehydrogenase into the fermentation medium, closing a sealing cover (403), controlling the temperature in the fermentation bin (401) to be 28-34 ℃, starting a stirring motor (5), rotating a spiral stirring paddle (405), and stirring for enzymolysis for 3-4 hours at the rotating speed of 120r/min to obtain an enzymolysis mixture;
step three, inoculating and fermenting: closing the stirring motor (5), opening the sealing cover (403), inoculating mixed strains into the enzymolysis mixture, then closing the sealing cover (403), controlling the temperature in the fermentation bin (401) to be 26-30 ℃, and performing fermentation culture for 3-5 days to obtain a fermentation mixture;
step four, puffing treatment: discharging the fermentation mixture from a discharge hole (407) of the fermentation bin (401), inactivating, drying to make the water content of the fermentation mixture lower than 10 wt% to obtain a dried mixture, placing the dried mixture into a bulking machine, and bulking at 85-90 deg.C under a pressure of 220kg/cm and 240kg/cm2Puffing under the condition of (1) to obtain a puffed mixture, and crushing the puffed mixture to 40-50 meshes to obtain the high-protein distiller's grain feed.
2. A high protein distillers' grains feed as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the vinasse raw material is formed by mixing one or two of white spirit vinasse and brewer's grain in any proportion.
3. A high protein distillers' grains feed as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the mixed strain is a mixture of aspergillus oryzae, aspergillus niger and candida tropicalis, wherein the mass ratio of the aspergillus oryzae to the aspergillus niger to the candida tropicalis is 1:1: 1.
4. A high protein distillers' grains feed as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the enzymolysis fermentation equipment used in the preparation process comprises a lifting mechanism (1), a lifting hopper component (2), a lifting motor (3), a reaction mechanism (4), a stirring motor (5) and a bottom plate (8), wherein the lifting mechanism (1) is positioned on one side of the upper surface of the bottom plate (8), the lifting hopper component (2) is installed on the lifting mechanism (1), the lifting motor (3) is fixed on the upper surface of the bottom plate (8), the lifting motor (3) is positioned on one side below the lifting mechanism (1), the reaction mechanism (4) is positioned on one side, far away from the lifting mechanism (1), of the upper surface of the bottom plate (8), the stirring motor (5) is arranged below the reaction mechanism (4), the stirring motor (5) is fixed on the upper surface of the bottom plate (8), and a driving belt wheel (501) is installed and fixed at the output end of the stirring motor (5);
the lifting mechanism (1) comprises a guide rail support (101), the bottom end of the guide rail support (101) is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the bottom plate (8), two opposite first guide rails (103) are arranged on the guide rail support (101), the bottom end of each first guide rail (103) is fixedly connected with the bottom plate (8), the lower part of the middle part of each first guide rail (103) is fixedly connected with the guide rail support (101), two opposite second guide rails (102) are arranged above the first guide rails (103), the bottom ends of the second guide rails (102) are fixedly connected with the bottom plate (8), the two second guide rails (102) are respectively fixedly connected with the two first guide rails (103), a driving shaft (104) is arranged between the two second guide rails (102), the driving shaft (104) is positioned at the bottom ends of the second guide rails (102), the driving shaft (104) penetrates through the second guide rails (102), and the driving shaft (104) is rotatably connected with the second guide rails (102), two driving chain wheels (105) which are oppositely arranged are fixedly installed on the driving shaft (104), the two driving chain wheels (105) are respectively positioned in the two second guide rails (102), one end of the driving shaft (104) is fixedly connected with the output end of the lifting motor (3), two driven chain wheels (106) which are oppositely arranged are arranged at the top end of the second guide rails (102), the two driven chain wheels (106) are respectively installed in the two second guide rails (102), the driven chain wheels (106) are rotatably connected with the second guide rails (102), a chain (107) is arranged between the driven chain wheels (106) and the driving chain wheels (105), and the driven chain wheels (106) are in transmission connection with the driving chain wheels (105) through the chain (107);
the hopper lifting assembly (2) comprises a hopper body (201), a second guide rod (202) is fixed to the bottom end of one side of the hopper body (201), two ends of the second guide rod (202) are fixedly connected with a chain (107) respectively, the second guide rod (202) is connected with a second guide rail (102) in a sliding mode, a first guide rod (203) is arranged above the second guide rod (202), the first guide rod (203) is parallel to the second guide rod (202), the first guide rod (203) is fixedly connected with the hopper body (201), guide wheels (204) are installed at two ends of the first guide rod (203) respectively, the guide wheels (204) are located inside the first guide rail (103), the guide wheels (204) are connected with the first guide rail (103) in a rolling mode, and the first guide rod (203) is connected with the first guide rail (103) in a sliding mode.
5. The high protein distillers' grains feed as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the reaction mechanism (4) comprises a fermentation bin (401), two sides of the fermentation bin (401) are oppositely provided with supporting seats (6), the supporting seats (6) are fixedly connected with the side wall of the fermentation bin (401), the bottom end of each supporting seat (6) is fixedly connected with the upper surface of a bottom plate (8), two sides of the fermentation bin (401) are oppositely provided with bearing seats (7), the bottom end of each bearing seat (7) is fixedly connected with the top end of each supporting seat (6), a feeding hole (402) is formed in one side of the top end of the fermentation bin (401), a sealing cover (403) is arranged above the feeding hole (402), the sealing cover (403) is slidably connected with the top end of the fermentation bin (401), a discharging hole (407) is formed in the bottom end of one side, far away from the feeding hole (402), of the fermentation bin (401) is communicated with the inside of the fermentation bin (401), a stirring shaft (404) is arranged inside the fermentation bin, stirring shaft (404) and fermentation storehouse (401) rotate to be connected, (mixing) shaft (404) one end is installed on bearing frame (7), and (mixing) shaft (404) other end runs through bearing frame (7) installation and is fixed with from driving pulley (406), from driving pulley (406) are connected through belt transmission with driving pulley (501), and fermentation storehouse (401) inside is equipped with spiral stirring rake (405), spiral stirring rake (405) and stirring shaft (404) fixed connection.
6. The high protein distillers' grains feed as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the first guide rail (103) is of a hollow structure, the cross section of the first guide rail is C-shaped, the second guide rail (102) is also of a hollow structure, a sliding groove is formed below one side wall of the second guide rail (102), and the second guide rod (202) is matched with the sliding groove.
7. The method of preparing a high protein distillers' grains feed as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, raw material pretreatment: heating the lees raw material at the temperature of 150-;
step two, fiber enzymolysis: feeding the sterilized fermentation medium into a hopper body (201) of an enzymolysis fermentation device, starting a lifting motor (3), lifting a lifting hopper component (2) upwards through a lifting mechanism (1), pouring the fermentation medium in the hopper body (201) into a fermentation bin (401), adding cellulase and alcohol dehydrogenase into the fermentation medium, closing a sealing cover (403), controlling the temperature in the fermentation bin (401) to be 28-34 ℃, starting a stirring motor (5), rotating a spiral stirring paddle (405), and stirring for enzymolysis for 3-4 hours at the rotating speed of 120r/min to obtain an enzymolysis mixture;
step three, inoculating and fermenting: closing the stirring motor (5), opening the sealing cover (403), inoculating mixed strains into the enzymolysis mixture, then closing the sealing cover (403), controlling the temperature in the fermentation bin (401) to be 26-30 ℃, and performing fermentation culture for 3-5 days to obtain a fermentation mixture;
step four, puffing treatment: discharging the fermentation mixture from a discharge hole (407) of the fermentation bin (401), inactivating, drying to make the water content of the fermentation mixture lower than 10 wt% to obtain a dried mixture, placing the dried mixture into a bulking machine, and bulking at 85-90 deg.C under a pressure of 220kg/cm and 240kg/cm2Puffing under the condition of (1) to obtain a puffed mixture, and crushing the puffed mixture to 40-50 meshes to obtain the high-protein distiller's grain feed.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011074152.8A CN112167433A (en) | 2020-10-09 | 2020-10-09 | High-protein distiller's grain feed and preparation method thereof |
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| CN202011074152.8A CN112167433A (en) | 2020-10-09 | 2020-10-09 | High-protein distiller's grain feed and preparation method thereof |
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| CN112167433A true CN112167433A (en) | 2021-01-05 |
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