CN112166925A - Interplanting cultivation method for Chinese honeylocust trees - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a gleditsia sinensis interplanting cultivation method, belongs to the technical field of agricultural planting, and comprises the following steps: step 1, soil selection: the soil is rich in sunlight, good in drainage and fertile and deep in soil; step 2, soil preparation: in winter, each mu of the soil is arranged into ridges, and the width of the ditch between adjacent ridges is 18-23 cm; step 3, transplanting the Chinese honeylocust tree seedlings: transplanting the self-cultivated gleditsia sinensis seedlings; step 4, interplanting of Chinese medicinal materials: in the second year of the transplantation of the Chinese honeylocust tree seedlings, selecting negative-resistant medicinal material seedlings for transplantation; step 5, fertilizing: after the medicinal material seedlings are transplanted, firstly spreading a layer of lime, and then uniformly spreading an organic fertilizer; the invention discloses a Chinese medicinal material interplanting cultivation method taking Chinese honeylocust tree and rhizoma polygonati, bighead atractylodes rhizome, white paeony root, fragrant solomonseal rhizome and the like as main negative resistance by utilizing the space of a Chinese honeylocust tree planting base and the characteristic that Chinese honeylocust tree secretion can effectively kill bacteria and microorganisms, so that the comprehensive utilization rate of land and the economic benefit of Chinese medicinal material planting are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural planting, and particularly relates to a gleditsia sinensis interplanting cultivation method.
Background
The standard Chinese name of Gleditsia sinensis (Gleditsia sinensis) is Gleditsia sinensis (Gleditsia sinensis), which belongs to the family Leguminosae and is a deciduous tree, and Gleditsia sinensis (Gleditsia sinensis) is in the form of bean, and can be used as medicine or soap. Is a special plant of China. The trees are distributed in Gansu, Guangdong, Zhejiang, Shandong, Shanxi, Jiangsu, Hebei, Guizhou, Hubei, Sichuan, Shaanxi, Jiangxi, Anhui, Yunnan, Fujian, Hunan, Guangxi, Henan and the like in continental China, grow in the regions with the elevation of 650 meters to 2,500 meters, generally grow in valley areas, hillside forests and roadside, and are tree species with extremely high economic and medicinal values. The Chinese honeylocust tree belongs to deep rooted tree species. The full-bearing period needs 6-8 years of vegetative growth, and the fruiting period of the Chinese honeylocust tree can be hundreds of years.
The action of the Chinese honeylocust tree is very much, and the whole body is good at the upper and lower parts. The Chinese honeylocust tree not only has economic value, but also has medicinal value. The medicinal value is one of the main values of the Chinese honeylocust tree, the Chinese honeylocust tree can be used as a medicine up and down, and the Chinese honeylocust fruit has the effects of dispelling wind and removing dampness, treating headache, killing insects and the like. Spina Gleditsiae has effects of removing toxic substance, dispelling pathogenic wind, expelling pus, and killing parasite. The seeds of the Chinese honeylocust tree have the effects of dispelling wind and dissipating heat, relaxing bowel, reducing phlegm and the like. Semen Gleditsiae has expectorant and diuretic effects. The Chinese honeylocust leaf, bark and root have the effects of reducing phlegm, killing insects and the like. The most famous economic value of the Chinese honeylocust tree can be used for washing, including hair washing, clothes washing and bath, and because the Chinese honeylocust contains abundant pancreatic soap, the Chinese honeylocust tree has strong cleaning capability, not only can be used for washing hair, but also can be used for manufacturing various washing products such as soap and the like. Therefore, its economic value is also considerably high.
Planting the honeylocust tree is an agricultural project which benefits for a long time, but the honeylocust tree begins to bear fruits in the third year, and only enters the full-term year in the seventh year, after the full-term production year, each plant can produce more than 5 kilograms of series products such as the Chinese honeylocust fruit, the Chinese honeylocust spine, the Chinese honeylocust kernel and the like every year, the annual income of each plant reaches more than 200 yuan according to the current price, the 40 plants are planted per mu, the annual income per mu is 8000 yuan, the income can be gained every year, which can be hundreds of years long, in the period, a longer growth cycle exists, and the investment return time is slower, and researches show that the space of a Chinese honeylocust tree planting base and Chinese honeylocust tree secretions have the characteristic of effectively killing bacteria and microorganisms.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a gleditsia sinensis lam interplanting cultivation method, which utilizes the space of a gleditsia sinensis lam planting base and the characteristic that gleditsia sinensis lam secretion has the effect of effectively killing bacteria and microorganisms, and invents a Chinese herbal medicine interplanting cultivation method mainly comprising the negative resistance of the gleditsia sinensis lam and rhizoma polygonati, bighead atractylodes rhizome, white paeony root, polygonatum odoratum and the like so as to improve the comprehensive utilization rate of land and the economic benefit of Chinese herbal medicine planting.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the interplanting cultivation method of the Chinese honeylocust trees comprises the following steps:
step 1, soil selection: the soil is rich in sunlight, good in drainage and fertile and deep in soil;
step 2, soil preparation: in winter, each mu of the green plants are arranged into ridges with the width of 100-;
step 3, transplanting the Chinese honeylocust tree seedlings: transplanting the self-cultivated gleditsia sinensis seedlings;
step 4, interplanting of Chinese medicinal materials: in the second year of the transplantation of the Chinese honeylocust tree seedlings, selecting negative-resistant medicinal material seedlings for transplantation;
step 5, fertilizing: within 3-5 days after the medicinal material seedlings are transplanted, a layer of lime is scattered first, and then the organic fertilizer is scattered uniformly.
Further, the cultivation method of the gleditsia sinensis seedling transplanted in the step 3 comprises the following steps: soaking the saponin seeds in concentrated sulfuric acid with the concentration of more than 90% for 1-1.5h, washing, soaking in water with the temperature of 80-85 ℃ for 1-1.5h, soaking in water with the temperature of 45-50 ℃ for 20-24h, performing ultrasonic treatment, then broadcasting the treated seeds in a sowing ditch, covering soil, and spraying a treatment solution to the roots when 5-6 true leaves grow out of the saponin seedlings; and finally transplanting the gleditsia sinensis seedlings after the gleditsia sinensis seedlings grow to 30-50 centimeters.
Further, before sowing, uniformly spreading base fertilizer in the sowing ditch, and then spraying 800 times of water solution of carbendazim.
Further, the treatment liquid is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.08 to 0.12 portion of wintergreen glycoside, 0.14 to 0.16 portion of bletilla striata polysaccharide, 0.05 to 0.10 portion of salt, 0.15 to 0.24 portion of cerotic acid and 800 portions of water 750-.
Further, the transplanting mode in the step 3 is to dig tree pits in ridges with the length of 1 meter, the distance between the tree pits and the ditch is 8-10cm, and transplant one gleditsia sinensis seedling.
Further, the negative-resistant medicinal material seedling variety is one of rhizoma polygonati, rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae, radix paeoniae alba and radix polygonati officinalis.
Further, the root system of the transplanted medicinal material seedling is not more than 5 cm.
Furthermore, the Chinese medicinal material seedling transplanting mode in the step 4 is to transplant two medicinal material seedlings on a ridge with the length of 1 meter, wherein the distance between the Chinese honeylocust tree seedling and the Chinese honeylocust tree seedling is 25-30cm, and the Chinese honeylocust tree seedling form a transverse and vertical distance of '1 meter three pockets'.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: (1) the invention creates a Chinese medicinal material interplanting cultivation method with Chinese honeylocust tree and rhizoma polygonati, bighead atractylodes rhizome, white paeony root, fragrant solomonseal rhizome and the like as main negative resistance by utilizing the space of a Chinese honeylocust tree planting base and the characteristic that Chinese honeylocust tree secretion can effectively kill bacteria and microorganisms, so that the comprehensive utilization rate of land and the economic benefit of Chinese medicinal material planting are improved;
(2) according to the invention, the gleditsia sinensis tree seedlings which are cultured autonomously are adopted, and the culture method can improve the emergence rate of gleditsia sinensis seeds, accelerate the growth speed, shorten the outplanting time, enhance the rooting capacity of the gleditsia sinensis trees, promote the effective propagation and popularization of the gleditsia sinensis trees, promote the development of the gleditsia sinensis tree industry and increase the economic benefits of gleditsia sinensis growers; the seeds of the Chinese honeylocust are treated by adopting sulfuric acid and soaked at the temperature of more than 80 ℃, so that the emergence rate of the Chinese honeylocust is promoted, pests like larvae of the Chinese honeylocust are attached to the seeds, and the pests can be killed by high temperature so as not to influence the germination of the seeds and be not beneficial to the emergence of the seedlings; spraying 800 times of water solution of carbendazim on the fertilizer before sowing, accelerating germination, killing germs, accelerating the absorption of nutrient components in soil by seeds, spraying treatment solution on gleditsia sinensis seedlings, and combining with ultrasonic treatment of seeds to supplement nutrition and energy for the growth of seedlings, effectively increasing the nutrition metabolic capacity of seedlings, enhancing the activity of polyphenol oxidase, catalyzing the metabolism of auxin, promoting the origin and development of roots, catalyzing indoleacetic acid and phenols to form rooting promoting substances, improving the rooting capacity of gleditsia sinensis seedlings, promoting the growth of seedlings, and accelerating the growth speed of seedlings; the growth capacity of the root system of the seedling is improved, the seedling can be interplanted and planted with traditional Chinese medicinal materials with a shallow root system, the space of a Chinese honeylocust tree planting base and Chinese honeylocust tree secretions have the characteristic of effectively killing bacteria and microorganisms, soil nutrient components can be better shared with the Chinese honeylocust tree planting base and are mutually promoted, and the advantage complementation between plants is realized;
(3) according to the method, the gleditsia sinensis trees are interplanted with the negative-resistant and shallow-root-resistant traditional Chinese medicine varieties, so that the deep-root characteristics of the gleditsia sinensis trees are utilized, the autonomously cultivated gleditsia sinensis saplings are high in rooting capacity, fertilizer sharing can be achieved, mutual disturbance is avoided, secretion of the gleditsia sinensis trees has the capacity of effectively killing bacteria and microorganisms, pesticides do not need to be applied, operation is cheap, a large amount of manpower and material resources are saved, proper interplanted varieties, configuration modes and reasonable field management technical means are researched, the advantage complementation between medicines is achieved, and the double harvest of the gleditsia sinensis trees and the interplanted varieties is achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a Chinese honeylocust tree interplanted with Polygonatum sibiricum;
FIG. 2 shows the spina Gleditsiae interplanted on grown Gleditsia sinensis.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to examples, but those skilled in the art will understand that the following examples are only for illustrating the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
The cultivation method of the seedling of the gleditsia sinensis adopted in the following examples and comparative examples is: soaking Chinese honeylocust seeds in 92% concentrated sulfuric acid for 1 hour, washing, soaking in 80 ℃ water for 1 hour, soaking in 50 ℃ water for 20 hours, performing ultrasonic treatment, sowing the treated seeds in a sowing groove, covering soil, uniformly spreading a base fertilizer in the sowing groove before sowing, spraying 800 times of aqueous solution of carbendazim, and spraying a treatment solution to roots when Chinese honeylocust seedlings grow to 5-6 true leaves; finally, transplanting the gleditsia sinensis seedlings after the gleditsia sinensis seedlings grow to 30-50 centimeters; the treatment liquid is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.08 part of wintergreen glycoside, 0.14 part of bletilla striata polysaccharide, 0.10 part of salt, 0.15 part of cerotic acid and 800 parts of water.
Example 1:
the interplanting cultivation method of the Chinese honeylocust trees comprises the following steps:
step 1, soil selection: the soil is rich in sunlight, good in drainage and fertile and deep in soil;
step 2, soil preparation: in winter, each mu of the green plants are arranged into ridges with the width of 100cm and the length of 200cm, and the width of a ditch between every two adjacent ridges is 18 cm;
step 3, transplanting the Chinese honeylocust tree seedlings: transplanting the autonomously cultivated Chinese honeylocust tree seedlings, wherein the transplanting mode is that tree pits are dug in ridges with the length of 1 meter, the distance between the tree pits and the width of a ditch is 8cm, and a Chinese honeylocust tree seedling is transplanted;
step 4, interplanting of Chinese medicinal materials: in the second year of the transplantation of the Chinese honeylocust tree seedlings, selecting negative-resistant medicinal material seedlings for transplantation, wherein the variety of the negative-resistant medicinal material seedlings is polygonatum, the root systems of the transplanted medicinal material seedlings are not more than 5cm, the transplanting mode of the medicinal material seedlings is that two medicinal material seedlings are transplanted on a ridge with the length of 1 meter, and the transverse and vertical distances of three pockets with the length of 1 meter are formed on one side of the Chinese honeylocust tree seedlings at the distance of 25 cm;
step 5, fertilizing: within 3 days after the medicinal material seedlings are transplanted, a layer of lime is scattered first, and then the organic fertilizer is scattered uniformly.
Example 2:
the interplanting cultivation method of the Chinese honeylocust trees comprises the following steps:
step 1, soil selection: the soil is rich in sunlight, good in drainage and fertile and deep in soil;
step 2, soil preparation: in winter, each mu of the green plants are arranged into ridges with the width of 105cm and the length of 220cm, and the width of a ditch between every two adjacent ridges is 23 cm;
step 3, transplanting the Chinese honeylocust tree seedlings: transplanting the autonomously cultivated Chinese honeylocust tree seedlings, wherein the transplanting mode is that tree pits are dug in ridges with the length of 1 meter, the distance between the tree pits and the width of a ditch is 10cm, and one Chinese honeylocust tree seedling is transplanted;
step 4, interplanting of Chinese medicinal materials: in the second year of the transplantation of the Chinese honeylocust tree seedlings, selecting negative-resistant medicinal material seedlings for transplantation, wherein the variety of the negative-resistant medicinal material seedlings is polygonatum, the root systems of the transplanted medicinal material seedlings are not more than 5cm, the transplanting mode of the medicinal material seedlings is that two medicinal material seedlings are transplanted on a ridge with the length of 1 meter, and the distance between the seedlings and the Chinese honeylocust tree seedling is 30cm at one side of the Chinese honeylocust tree seedling, so that the seedlings and the Chinese honeylocust tree seedling form a transverse and vertical distance of '1 meter three pockets';
step 5, fertilizing: within 5 days after the medicinal material seedlings are transplanted, a layer of lime is scattered first, and then the organic fertilizer is scattered uniformly.
Example 3:
the interplanting cultivation method of the Chinese honeylocust trees comprises the following steps:
step 1, soil selection: the soil is rich in sunlight, good in drainage and fertile and deep in soil;
step 2, soil preparation: in winter, each mu of the Chinese medicinal materials are arranged into ridges with the width of 102cm and the length of 210cm, and the width of a ditch between every two adjacent ridges is 20 cm;
step 3, transplanting the Chinese honeylocust tree seedlings: transplanting the autonomously cultivated Chinese honeylocust tree seedlings, wherein the transplanting mode is that tree pits are dug in ridges with the length of 1 meter, the distance between the tree pits and the width of a ditch is 9cm, and a Chinese honeylocust tree seedling is transplanted;
step 4, interplanting of Chinese medicinal materials: in the second year of the transplantation of the Chinese honeylocust tree seedlings, selecting negative-resistant medicinal material seedlings for transplantation, wherein the variety of the negative-resistant medicinal material seedlings is polygonatum, the root systems of the transplanted medicinal material seedlings are not more than 5cm, the transplanting mode of the medicinal material seedlings is that two medicinal material seedlings are transplanted on a ridge with the length of 1 meter, and the distance between the seedlings and the Chinese honeylocust tree seedling is 28cm, so that the seedlings and the Chinese honeylocust tree seedling form a horizontal-vertical interval of '1 meter three pockets';
step 5, fertilizing: within 4 days after the medicinal material seedlings are transplanted, a layer of lime is scattered first, and then the organic fertilizer is scattered uniformly.
Comparative example 1:
comparative example 1 is different from example 1 in that a sapling of gleditsia sinensis lam was planted alone without transplanting a seedling of polygonatum sibiricum, and the rest is the same as example 1.
Comparative example 2:
comparative example 2 is different from example 1 in that polygonatum was planted alone without transplanting a sapling of gleditsia sinensis lam, and the other contents are the same as example 1.
Comparative example 3:
the difference between the comparative example 3 and the example 1 is that the saplings of gleditsia sinensis lam transplanted in the step 3 are grown by the conventional method, not grown autonomously, and the other contents are the same as the example 1.
The yields of the above-mentioned plants were compared by the cultivation methods of examples and comparative examples, and the results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
Seedlings obtained by the method for autonomously cultivating gleditsia sinensis seedlings in the examples were observed and the emergence rate and the seedling rate thereof were calculated, and the results thereof are shown in table 2. The method for calculating the emergence rate comprises the following steps: the rate of emergence is 100% of the number of seedlings/the number of sown seeds; the method for calculating the seedling rate comprises the following steps: the seedling rate is 100% of the number of seedlings/the number of seeds sowed in the next year.
TABLE 2
| Examples | |
| The rate of emergence% | 82 |
| The seedling rate% | 74 |
| Time of emergence/day | 32 |
| Root number (root/plant) | 11.3 |
| Length of longest root cm | 9.47 |
As can be seen from the above tables 1 and 2, the method for interplanting Chinese honeylocust trees and Chinese medicinal herbs mainly having negative resistance, such as rhizoma polygonati, rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae, radix paeoniae alba and radix polygonati officinalis, is created by utilizing the space of the Chinese honeylocust tree planting base and the characteristic that the secretion of the Chinese honeylocust tree can effectively kill bacteria and microorganisms, so that the comprehensive utilization rate of land and the economic benefit of Chinese medicinal herb planting are improved, a suitable interplanting variety, a seedling raising method and a reasonable field management technical means are researched, the advantage complementation between medicines is realized, and the double harvest of the Chinese honeylocust trees and the interplanting variety is realized.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of the inventive faculty. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Those skilled in the art should appreciate that many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The interplanting cultivation method of the Chinese honeylocust trees is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, soil selection: the soil is rich in sunlight, good in drainage and fertile and deep in soil;
step 2, soil preparation: in winter, each mu of the green plants are arranged into ridges with the width of 100-;
step 3, transplanting the Chinese honeylocust tree seedlings: transplanting the self-cultivated gleditsia sinensis seedlings;
step 4, interplanting of Chinese medicinal materials: in the second year of the transplantation of the Chinese honeylocust tree seedlings, selecting negative-resistant medicinal material seedlings for transplantation;
step 5, fertilizing: within 3-5 days after the medicinal material seedlings are transplanted, a layer of lime is scattered first, and then the organic fertilizer is scattered uniformly.
2. The interplanting cultivation method for the Chinese honeylocust trees according to claim 1, wherein the cultivation method for the Chinese honeylocust tree seedlings transplanted in the step 3 is as follows: soaking the saponin seeds in concentrated sulfuric acid with the concentration of more than 90% for 1-1.5h, washing, soaking in water with the temperature of 80-85 ℃ for 1-1.5h, soaking in water with the temperature of 45-50 ℃ for 20-24h, performing ultrasonic treatment, then broadcasting the treated seeds in a sowing ditch, covering soil, and spraying a treatment solution to the roots when 5-6 true leaves grow out of the saponin seedlings; and finally transplanting the gleditsia sinensis seedlings after the gleditsia sinensis seedlings grow to 30-50 centimeters.
3. The interplanting cultivation method for the Chinese honeylocust trees according to claim 2, wherein before sowing, base fertilizer is uniformly spread in the sowing trenches, and then 800 times of water solution of carbendazim is sprayed.
4. The interplanting cultivation method for the Chinese honeylocust trees according to claim 2, wherein the treatment solution is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.08 to 0.12 portion of wintergreen glycoside, 0.14 to 0.16 portion of bletilla striata polysaccharide, 0.05 to 0.10 portion of salt, 0.15 to 0.24 portion of cerotic acid and 800 portions of water 750-.
5. The interplanting cultivation method for the Chinese honeylocust trees according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3, transplanting is performed by digging tree pits in ridges with the length of 1 meter, the distance between each tree pit and a ditch is 8-10cm, and transplanting a Chinese honeylocust tree seedling.
6. The interplanting cultivation method for the Chinese honeylocust trees according to claim 1, wherein the negative-resistant medicinal material seedling variety is one of rhizoma polygonati, rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae, radix paeoniae alba and rhizoma polygonati odorati.
7. The interplanting cultivation method for the Chinese honeylocust trees according to claim 1, wherein root systems of the transplanted medicinal material seedlings are not more than 5 cm.
8. The interplanting cultivation method for the Chinese honeylocust trees according to claim 1, wherein in the step 4, the Chinese medicinal material seedlings are transplanted in a mode that two Chinese medicinal material seedlings are transplanted on a ridge with the length of 1 meter, and the distance between the Chinese honeylocust tree seedlings and the Chinese honeylocust tree seedlings is 25-30cm, so that the Chinese honeylocust tree seedlings and the Chinese honeylocust tree seedlings form a transverse-vertical spacing of 'three pockets with the length of 1 meter'.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105830702A (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2016-08-10 | 山东省农业科学院农产品研究所 | Chinese honey locust intercropping pinellia ternate and corn stereo cultivation method |
| CN106717861A (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2017-05-31 | 安顺市西秀区钰霖种养殖农民专业合作社 | A kind of Cortex Phellodendri interplants the cultural method of tree peony |
| CN107223523A (en) * | 2017-08-15 | 2017-10-03 | 云南农业大学 | A kind of method that Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis based on niche complementarity interplants P. kingianum |
| CN109328834A (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2019-02-15 | 江苏安心养老服务股份有限公司 | A kind of method of the cultivation of honey locust |
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2020
- 2020-09-30 CN CN202011057417.3A patent/CN112166925A/en active Pending
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105830702A (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2016-08-10 | 山东省农业科学院农产品研究所 | Chinese honey locust intercropping pinellia ternate and corn stereo cultivation method |
| CN106717861A (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2017-05-31 | 安顺市西秀区钰霖种养殖农民专业合作社 | A kind of Cortex Phellodendri interplants the cultural method of tree peony |
| CN107223523A (en) * | 2017-08-15 | 2017-10-03 | 云南农业大学 | A kind of method that Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis based on niche complementarity interplants P. kingianum |
| CN109328834A (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2019-02-15 | 江苏安心养老服务股份有限公司 | A kind of method of the cultivation of honey locust |
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