CN112161315A - Novel environment-friendly heating system and method - Google Patents

Novel environment-friendly heating system and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112161315A
CN112161315A CN202011083886.2A CN202011083886A CN112161315A CN 112161315 A CN112161315 A CN 112161315A CN 202011083886 A CN202011083886 A CN 202011083886A CN 112161315 A CN112161315 A CN 112161315A
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China
Prior art keywords
coal
turnover
cavity
storage tank
heat
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CN202011083886.2A
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CN112161315B (en
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刘春花
刘忠梅
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Shandong Huayu University of Technology
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Shandong Huayu University of Technology
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D12/00—Other central heating systems
    • F24D12/02—Other central heating systems having more than one heat source
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/0095—Devices for preventing damage by freezing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/06—Solid fuel fired boiler
    • F24D2200/062—Coal fired boilers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/14—Solar energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/32—Heat sources or energy sources involving multiple heat sources in combination or as alternative heat sources
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a novel environment-friendly heating system and a method, comprising the following steps: a solar heat collector; the outer wall of the water storage tank is provided with a heat insulation structure, the outlet of the solar heat collector is connected with the top of the water storage tank, and the outlet at the bottom of the water storage tank is connected with the inlet of the heating radiator through a pump; the outside of a combustion chamber of the coal-fired furnace is provided with a circulating water pipeline, the inlet of the circulating water pipeline is connected with the outlet at the bottom of the water storage tank, and the outlet of the circulating water pipeline is connected with the inlet of the heating radiator through a pump; the outlet of the heating radiator is connected with the inlet of a water channel of the heat exchanger, the flue gas outlet of the coal-fired furnace is connected with the inlet of a flue gas channel of the heat exchanger, and the water channel exchanges heat with the dividing wall of the flue gas channel; the outlet of the water channel of the heat exchanger is respectively communicated with the inlet of the solar heat collector and the top of the water storage tank through a tee joint; the connecting pipeline is provided with a valve, the top of the water storage tank is lower than the solar heat collector, and the height difference is greater than 1 m.

Description

Novel environment-friendly heating system and method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of heating, and particularly relates to a novel environment-friendly heating system and a method.
Background
The information in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and is not necessarily to be construed as an admission or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art that is already known to a person of ordinary skill in the art.
With the rapid development of national economy, the requirements of people on the quality of life are higher and higher, and the solar energy heat pump water heater is also more important for heating in winter in vast rural areas. At present, many rural areas do not supply heat, and in families with heat supply, the heat supply is dispersed, and the heat supply forms are different, such as air source heat pumps, heating furnaces, electric heaters, heated brick beds, hot walls and the like. Air source heat pump efficiency under the abominable condition of operating mode in winter is often lower, and the electric heater has the problem that power consumption is big, and heating stove, heated kang and hot wall etc. can cause great pollution to the room air, can cause certain adverse effect to user's healthy.
In recent years, a newly developed heating mode is that a coal-fired furnace is matched with a radiator, the coal-fired furnace heats circulating water, the heated circulating water flows to the radiator, and the radiator radiates heat outwards to heat. By adopting the mode, the coal-fired furnace can be arranged outdoors or in other rooms to be separated from the living rooms, and the living rooms are heated by hot water, so that the air quality of the living rooms can be improved to a certain degree. However, the existing coal-fired furnace has limited coal filled once, and the coal can be added at regular time when someone cares for the coal in the daytime, but at night, especially after people fall asleep, because no one cares for the coal, the furnace door of the coal-fired furnace needs to be closed, so that the coal is slowly combusted for heating. Under the condition, if the coal combustion speed is very low, the coal can be ensured to be combusted for one night, but the heating effect on circulating water is poor, and the indoor temperature is low; if the coal burning speed is high, the combustion is difficult to ensure for one night, the ignition is needed again in the next morning, which is troublesome, and the indoor temperature is low in the next morning, so that the normal activities of people are limited. In addition, the ash content in the flue gas of the existing coal-fired furnace is more, the flue gas is directly led to the outdoor through a chimney to be discharged generally, the waste of heat is caused, and the carried ash content easily pollutes the outdoor environment.
Solar heat collectors are commonly used in rural areas, but most of the solar heat collectors are limited in spring, summer and autumn, and water in the solar heat collectors is easy to freeze and difficult to use again in winter, so that the clean energy is difficult to obtain and utilize.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a novel environment-friendly heating system and a method.
To solve the above technical problem, one or more of the following embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides a novel environmental-friendly heating system, including:
a solar heat collector;
the outer wall of the water storage tank is provided with a heat insulation structure, the outlet of the solar heat collector is connected with the top of the water storage tank, and the outlet at the bottom of the water storage tank is connected with the inlet of the heating radiator through a pump;
the outside of a combustion chamber of the coal-fired furnace is provided with a circulating water pipeline, the inlet of the circulating water pipeline is connected with the outlet at the bottom of the water storage tank, and the outlet of the circulating water pipeline is connected with the inlet of the heating radiator through a pump;
the outlet of the heating radiator is connected with the inlet of a water channel of the heat exchanger, the flue gas outlet of the coal-fired furnace is connected with the inlet of a flue gas channel of the heat exchanger, and the water channel exchanges heat with the dividing wall of the flue gas channel;
the outlet of the water channel of the heat exchanger is respectively communicated with the inlet of the solar heat collector and the top of the water storage tank through a tee joint; the connecting pipeline is provided with a valve, the top of the water storage tank is lower than the solar heat collector, and the height difference is greater than 1 m.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a novel environment-friendly heating method, which comprises the following steps:
in the daytime, when the sunlight is strong, circulating water circularly flows through the solar thermal collector, hot water heated by the solar thermal collector is discharged into the water storage tank for temporary storage, and is continuously pumped into the heating plate through the pump for heating; meanwhile, the coal-fired furnace burns to heat the circulating water again so as to improve the temperature of the circulating water;
when the sunlight is weak or at night, the solar heat collector is in short circuit, water in the solar heat collector is discharged into the water storage tank, and circulating water directly flows into the water storage tank and is heated by the coal-fired furnace;
the circulating water which is externally supplied with heat by the heating radiator exchanges heat with the flue gas discharged by the coal-fired furnace in the heat exchanger, and the heat in the flue gas is recovered.
Compared with the prior art, one or more technical schemes of the invention have the following beneficial effects:
in addition, solar illumination is strong in daytime, and the solar heat collector can collect more heat to heat the circulating water, so that the temperature of the circulating water is higher. Set up the retaining jar, be convenient for supply with domestic water on the one hand, realize the continuous renewal of circulating water, on the other hand can save more circulating water, can save more heats during the daytime of this part circulating water to do benefit to the heat supply at night.
The temperature of the circulating water flowing out of the outlet of the heating radiator is low, the heat exchanger is used for exchanging heat between the smoke discharged by the coal-fired furnace and the part of the circulating water, the heat in the smoke can be effectively recovered, and the waste of heat is reduced.
The height that the retaining jar is less than solar collector, at night or when the sun illumination is weak, solar collector is by the short circuit, and water wherein can the evacuation to the retaining jar in, can prevent effectively that the circulating water from freezing in solar collector.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an overall structure of an eco-heating system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of a coal-fired furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a grate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat exchanger according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a baffling dust removal device according to an embodiment of the invention.
In the figure, 1-a solar heat collector, 2-a heat exchanger, 3-a radiator, 4-a coal-fired furnace, 5-a water storage tank, 6-a furnace body, 7-a cavity, 8-a turnover valve, 9-a connecting rod, 10-a top rod, 11-a sealing plate, 12-a spring, 13-an upper limiting block, 14-a lifting rod, 15-a lower limiting block, 16-a water inlet, 17-a furnace grate, 18-a lower turnover limiting block, 19-a turnover baffle, 20-an upper turnover limiting block, 21-a return spring, 22-a slope, 23-a smoke outlet, 24-a heat exchange pipe, 25-a filter screen, 26-a baffling dust removal device, 27-a dust removal plate, 28-a smoke inlet and 29-a swelling part.
Detailed Description
It is to be understood that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a novel environmental-friendly heating system, including:
a solar heat collector;
the outer wall of the water storage tank is provided with a heat insulation structure, the outlet of the solar heat collector is connected with the top of the water storage tank, and the outlet at the bottom of the water storage tank is connected with the inlet of the heating radiator through a pump;
the outside of a combustion chamber of the coal-fired furnace is provided with a circulating water pipeline, the inlet of the circulating water pipeline is connected with the outlet at the bottom of the water storage tank, and the outlet of the circulating water pipeline is connected with the inlet of the heating radiator through a pump;
the outlet of the heating radiator is connected with the inlet of a water channel of the heat exchanger, the flue gas outlet of the coal-fired furnace is connected with the inlet of a flue gas channel of the heat exchanger, and the water channel exchanges heat with the dividing wall of the flue gas channel;
the outlet of the water channel of the heat exchanger is respectively communicated with the inlet of the solar heat collector and the top of the water storage tank through a tee joint; the connecting pipeline is provided with a valve, the top of the water storage tank is lower than the solar heat collector, and the height difference is greater than 1 m.
In some embodiments, the furnace chamber of the coal-fired furnace is divided into three layers, namely a slag discharging chamber, a combustion chamber and a coal storage chamber from bottom to top, wherein the slag discharging chamber is separated from the combustion chamber by a grate; the combustion chamber and the coal storage chamber are separated by a turnover valve, and the three layers of chambers are provided with doors.
When the coal in the combustion chamber is combusted to a certain degree, the turnover valve is opened, so that the coal can be supplemented to the combustion chamber in time, the running time of the coal-fired furnace is improved, especially the running time at night, and the room temperature at night is further ensured. Meanwhile, the coal-fired furnace does not need to be manually ignited in the next morning, so that the method is more convenient and reliable.
Furthermore, a cavity is reserved between the furnace chamber shell and the outer shell of the coal-fired furnace, and a circulating water pipeline is arranged in the cavity.
In order to improve the heat exchange efficiency, the circulating water pipeline in the cavity is flat, spirally wound on the outer wall of the furnace chamber shell to improve the contact area, and meanwhile, the furnace chamber shell is made of heat conducting materials.
A cooking range may also be provided on the side above the combustion chamber for heating water.
Furthermore, a turnover valve control mechanism is arranged in the coal-fired furnace, and comprises: the furnace grate is arranged on the side wall of the hearth in a lifting way through a guide rail, the lifting rods are arranged at two ends of the furnace grate and are positioned in the cavity, and a through groove for the lifting rods to move is formed in the side wall of the combustion cavity;
a sealing plate is arranged at the position of the cavity close to the top of the combustion cavity to seal the cavity below;
the lower end of the ejector rod is connected with the lifting rod, the upper end of the ejector rod penetrates through the sealing plate to be hinged with one end of the connecting rod, and the other end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the hinged end of the turnover valve;
the spring assembly is connected between the sealing plate and the lifting rod.
During actual work, the coal blocks are filled on the furnace grate of the combustion cavity, the coal blocks press the furnace grate down, the lifting rod and the ejector rod are driven to descend, the ejector rod drives one end of the connecting rod to descend, the spring is stretched, and under the lever principle, the other end of the connecting rod drives the turnover valve to turn upwards, so that the turnover valve is closed. At this time, the coal can be charged into the coal storage chamber.
In the combustion chamber, along with the burning of coal, the cinder falls to the row's sediment chamber of below through the grate gradually, and the weight of grate top is lightened gradually, and when weight is less than the restoring force of spring, under the pulling force of spring, the grate rises, and lifter, ejector pin rise simultaneously, and the one end of drive connecting rod rises, drives the upset valve through lever principle and overturns downwards and open. The fire coal in the coal storage cavity can fall into the combustion cavity through the opened turnover valve to supplement the fire coal, and the running time of the coal-fired furnace can be effectively prolonged through continuous supplement of the coal.
As the coal in the coal storage chamber is continuously supplemented into the coal combustion chamber, the supplemented coal can cause certain disturbance to a coal pile in the coal combustion chamber, and can promote the coal slag on the grate to fall into the slag discharging cavity below.
According to the working principle, the maximum filling amount of the coal to be filled in the coal storage cavity at one time can be determined through tests, and the maximum volume of the coal to be filled is set, which is easy to realize.
Still further, the contact surface between ejector pin and the closing plate sets up smoothly. To reduce friction.
Because the lift of grate leans on the lifter to adjust, and the lifter runs through the lateral wall setting in burning chamber, so inevitably need set up logical groove on the lateral wall, and the flue gas in the burning chamber can reveal to the cavity in through groove, so set up the closing plate and seal the cavity, can avoid revealing of flue gas. Because be provided with circulating water pipeline in the cavity, can cool down the cavity, so do not have the potential safety hazard.
Still further, the periphery of the grate is provided with coamings, and the height of the coamings is greater than that of the through grooves.
The fire coal or cinder falling on the grate can possibly block the through groove on the side wall, and the coaming is arranged, so that the situation that small-particle fire coal or cinder falls in the through groove can be avoided, and the smooth work of the grate is ensured. The coaming is arranged close to the inner wall of the combustion cavity, so that the coaming can be arranged to be higher, and a space for the vertical movement of the furnace grate is reserved.
Furthermore, the combustion chamber is communicated with a smoke exhaust channel, and one end of the smoke exhaust channel extends out of the coal-fired furnace.
Furthermore, the installation position of the turnover valve is a reducing channel, a turnover baffle is installed below the turnover valve, one side of the turnover baffle is hinged with the inner wall of the reducing channel, and the upper end of the turnover baffle is connected with the inner wall of the reducing structure through a return spring; an upper overturning limiting block and a lower overturning limiting block are arranged in the reducing channel.
Install the rollover valve on the undergauge passageway, be for reducing the size of rollover valve, because the upset of rollover valve is through lever principle control, the rollover valve is for controlling the part, and there is the coal cinder of certain weight above the rollover valve, when the size of rollover valve is little, on the one hand, the coal-fired weight in the coal storage chamber is mostly born by the bottom of coal storage chamber, can reduce the atress size of rollover valve, on the other hand can reduce the size of resistance arm, and then can effectively improve the controllability of rollover valve.
Furthermore, the upper turning limit of the turning baffle is in a horizontal state, and the lower turning limit is in a vertical state.
The coal storage cavity is positioned above the combustion cavity, the flame temperature is higher during the combustion of the coal, if no shielding object is arranged, the flame is easy to directly burn to the turnover valve when the flame is larger, so that the temperature of the turnover valve is higher, and the fire coal above the turnover valve can be ignited. Set up the upset baffle, when supplementing the coal-fired to the combustion chamber from storing up the coal chamber, the coal whereabouts, the upset baffle is light under the pressure effect of coal and is opened, make the coal-fired whereabouts, after the replenishment, the upset baffle resets under reset spring's pulling force effect, block the undergauge passageway, and enclose into an air chamber between undergauge passageway and the upset valve, the upset baffle can block that flame directly burns the upset valve, the air chamber that forms simultaneously has certain thermal-insulated effect, and then can effectively reduce the temperature of upset valve, and then avoid reaching the coal-fired ignition point, thereby effectively avoid storing up the coal intracavity coal-fired burning.
Still further, the distance that sets for is separated between upset baffle and the rollover valve, and this distance makes the rollover valve can not touch the upset baffle when turning down the lower limit.
This is because the coal may be stuck to the roll-over valve due to the small opening of the roll-over valve during the dropping process from the roll-over valve, and if the distance between the roll-over damper and the roll-over valve is small, the roll-over damper that is turned over open may be pushed open by the roll-over valve, so that the coal may contact with the high-temperature environment, and even ignite the coal. Therefore, the distance between the turnover baffle and the turnover valve is set to be larger, the turnover baffle is opened under the action of the gravity of the falling coal briquette, and the turnover valve is not pushed open, so that the fire coal in the coal storage chamber is not ignited.
The turnover limiting block is arranged, so that the normal work of the turnover baffle is guaranteed.
Furthermore, the bottom of the coal storage cavity is obliquely arranged, and the reducing channel is positioned at the lowest position. The bottom of the coal storage cavity is obliquely arranged, so that the automatic discharge rate of the fire coal in the coal storage cavity can be improved, a certain supporting effect on the fire coal can be achieved, and the pressure of the fire coal on the turnover valve is reduced.
Furthermore, the turnover baffle is divided into two pieces, and the two turnover baffles are arranged in a side-by-side mode.
Further, the distance between the turnover baffle and the turnover valve is 5-10 cm. The thicker the air cavity formed, the better the insulation.
Furthermore, the solid connection part of the combustion chamber and the coal storage chamber is made of heat insulating materials, such as refractory bricks. To reduce heat transfer.
In some embodiments, a dust removal device is arranged in the heat exchanger, the dust removal device comprises a baffling dust removal device assembly and a filter screen, the baffling dust removal device comprises a baffling plate body and a plurality of dust removal plates arranged on the baffling plate body, and the dust removal plates are arranged perpendicular to the baffling plate body.
Furthermore, the baffling dust collector subassembly includes two at least baffling dust collector, and it sets up in the inlet flue of heat exchanger, and the filter screen sets up in the low reaches of baffling dust collector subassembly.
The side wall of the heat exchanger can be opened, so that the ash can be conveniently removed from the internal components.
Furthermore, the heat exchange pipe is arranged at the downstream of the filter screen, and the smoke outlet is arranged at the downstream of the heat exchange pipe.
Because the heat exchange device used in rural areas needs to have a simple structure as much as possible, the cost is reduced, and the acceptance of people is improved. The baffle plate is adopted for dust removal, which is a common flue gas dust removal mode, but the dust removal efficiency of the baffle plate for dust removal is low, and more baffle plates are generally needed to be arranged, so that the dust removal device is easy to cause large volume, high cost and low acceptance degree. In addition, the general dust removal device and the heat exchange device are separately arranged, the structure of a flue gas pipeline used in rural areas is simple, the flue gas quantity is small, and the heat of the flue gas is easily dissipated in the flowing process and is difficult to recycle.
In the invention, a plurality of dust removing plates are arranged on each baffle body, the dust removing plates and the baffle bodies are arranged approximately and vertically, flue gas can be directly blown to the baffle bodies in the flowing process, solid particles carried in the flue gas are intercepted by the baffle bodies, the flowing direction of the flue gas can be changed under the blocking action of the baffle bodies and the dust removing plates, and the solid particles can stay in a cavity surrounded by the baffle bodies and the dust removing plates under the further intercepting action of the dust removing plates, so that the solid particles are prevented from being further back mixed into the flue gas.
The setting of dust removal board can realize blockking the multistage of flue gas, and then has effectively reduced the flow velocity of flue gas in the heat exchanger, can further weaken its ability of carrying to solid particle on the one hand, and is comparatively favorable to improving dust removal effect, and on the other hand can prolong the contact time of flue gas and the circulating water in the heat-exchanger tube, is favorable to improving thermal recovery efficiency in the flue gas, reduces thermal waste.
Therefore, the baffling dust removal device with the structure can effectively reduce the number of the baffling plates, further reduce the volume and the cost of the dust removal component and enable the baffling dust removal device to be integrated with the heat exchange tube.
In addition, the baffling dust removal assembly and the heat exchange tube are integrated in a cavity, and flue gas subjected to dust removal directly contacts the heat exchange tube for heat exchange, so that waste of flue gas heat can be effectively avoided, and the recovery efficiency of the flue gas heat is improved.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a novel environment-friendly heating method, which comprises the following steps:
in the daytime, when the sunlight is strong, circulating water circularly flows through the solar thermal collector, hot water heated by the solar thermal collector is discharged into the water storage tank for temporary storage, and is continuously pumped into the heating plate through the pump for heating; meanwhile, the gas furnace is burnt to heat the circulating water again so as to improve the temperature of the circulating water;
when the sunlight is weak or at night, the solar heat collector is in short circuit, water in the solar heat collector is discharged into the water storage tank, and circulating water directly flows into the water storage tank and is heated by the coal-fired furnace;
the circulating water which is externally supplied with heat by the heating radiator exchanges heat with the flue gas discharged by the coal-fired furnace in the heat exchanger, and the heat in the flue gas is recovered.
In some embodiments, the method further comprises the step of automatically opening the rollover valve to replenish the combustion chamber with coal when there is less coal in the combustion chamber of the coal-fired furnace.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1, a novel environment-friendly heating system includes:
a solar heat collector 1;
the outer wall of the water storage tank 5 is provided with a heat insulation structure, the outlet of the solar heat collector 1 is connected with the top of the water storage tank 5, and the outlet at the bottom of the water storage tank 5 is connected with the inlet of the heating radiator through a pump;
a circulating water pipeline is arranged outside a combustion chamber of the coal-fired furnace 4, an inlet of the circulating water pipeline is connected with an outlet at the bottom of the water storage tank 5, and an outlet of the circulating water pipeline is connected with an inlet of the heating radiator 3 through a pump;
the outlet of the heating plate 3 is connected with the inlet of the water channel of the heat exchanger 2, the flue gas outlet of the coal-fired furnace 4 is connected with the inlet of the flue gas channel of the heat exchanger, and the water channel exchanges heat with the dividing wall of the flue gas channel;
the outlet of the water channel of the heat exchanger 2 is respectively communicated with the inlet of the solar heat collector 1 and the top of the water storage tank 5 through a tee joint; the connecting pipeline is provided with a valve, the top of the water storage tank 5 is lower than the solar heat collector, and the height difference is 1.5 m.
In the daytime, when the sunlight is strong, circulating water circularly flows through the solar thermal collector, hot water heated by the solar thermal collector is discharged into the water storage tank for temporary storage, and is continuously pumped into the heating plate through the pump for heating; meanwhile, the gas furnace is burnt to heat the circulating water again so as to improve the temperature of the circulating water;
when the sunlight is weak or at night, the solar heat collector is in short circuit, water in the solar heat collector is discharged into the water storage tank, and circulating water directly flows into the water storage tank and is heated by the coal-fired furnace;
the circulating water which is externally supplied with heat by the heating radiator exchanges heat with the flue gas discharged by the coal-fired furnace in the heat exchanger, and the heat in the flue gas is recovered.
As shown in fig. 2, the furnace chamber of the coal-fired furnace is divided into three layers, which are a slag discharging chamber, a combustion chamber and a coal storage chamber from bottom to top, and the slag discharging chamber is separated from the combustion chamber by a grate 17; the combustion chamber and the coal storage chamber are separated by a turnover valve 8, and the three layers of chambers are provided with doors. When the coal in the combustion chamber is combusted to a certain degree, the turnover valve 8 is opened, so that the coal can be supplemented to the combustion chamber in time, the running time of the coal-fired furnace is improved, especially the running time at night, and the room temperature at night is further ensured. Meanwhile, the coal-fired furnace does not need to be manually ignited in the next morning, so that the method is more convenient and reliable.
A cavity 7 is left between the furnace chamber shell and the outer shell of the coal-fired furnace 4, and a circulating water pipeline is arranged in the cavity 7. A turnover valve control mechanism is arranged in the coal-fired furnace 4, and comprises: the furnace grate 17 is arranged on the side wall of the hearth in a lifting manner through a guide rail, the lifting rods 14 are arranged at two ends of the furnace grate 17 and are positioned in the cavity 7, and a through groove for the lifting rods 14 to move is formed in the side wall of the combustion cavity; a sealing plate 11 is arranged at the position, close to the top of the combustion chamber, of the cavity 7, and seals the cavity below; the lower end of the ejector rod 10 is connected with a lifting rod 14, the upper end of the ejector rod penetrates through the sealing plate 11 and is hinged with one end of a connecting rod 9, and the other end of the connecting rod 9 is fixedly connected with the hinged end of the turnover valve 8; the spring assembly is connected between the sealing plate 11 and the lifting rod 12.
During actual work, the coal blocks are filled on the furnace grate 17 of the combustion chamber, the coal blocks press the furnace grate 17 downwards, the lifting rod and the ejector rod are driven to descend, the ejector rod drives one end of the connecting rod to descend, the spring is stretched, and under the lever principle, the other end of the connecting rod drives the turnover valve to turn upwards, so that the turnover valve is closed. At this time, the coal can be charged into the coal storage chamber.
In the combustion chamber, along with the burning of coal, the cinder falls to the row's sediment chamber of below through the grate gradually, and the weight of grate top is lightened gradually, and when weight is less than the restoring force of spring, under the pulling force of spring, the grate rises, and lifter, ejector pin rise simultaneously, and the one end of drive connecting rod rises, drives the upset valve through lever principle and overturns downwards and open. The fire coal in the coal storage cavity can fall into the combustion cavity through the opened turnover valve to supplement the fire coal, and the running time of the coal-fired furnace can be effectively prolonged through continuous supplement of the coal.
In order to limit the range of the up-and-down movement of the jack 10, an upper limit block 13 and a lower limit block 15 are provided.
The contact surface between the ejector rod and the sealing plate is smoothly arranged and is in close contact with the ejector rod and the sealing plate. To reduce friction. Because the lift of grate leans on the lifter to adjust, and the lifter runs through the lateral wall setting in burning chamber, so inevitably need set up logical groove on the lateral wall, and the flue gas in the burning chamber can reveal to the cavity in through groove, so set up the closing plate and seal the cavity, can avoid revealing of flue gas. Because be provided with circulating water pipeline in the cavity, can cool down the cavity, so do not have the potential safety hazard.
The periphery of the grate 17 is provided with a coaming, and the height of the coaming is greater than that of the through groove. The fire coal or the cinder can possibly block the through groove on the side wall, and the coaming is arranged, so that the situation that the small-particle fire coal or cinder falls into the through groove can be avoided, and the smooth work of the fire coal or cinder is ensured. The coaming is arranged close to the inner wall of the combustion cavity, so that the coaming can be arranged to be higher, and a space for the vertical movement of the furnace grate is reserved.
The combustion chamber is communicated with a smoke exhaust channel, and one end of the smoke exhaust channel extends out of the coal-fired furnace.
The installation position of the overturning valve 8 is a reducing channel, an overturning baffle plate 19 is installed below the overturning valve, one side of the overturning baffle plate 19 is hinged with the inner wall of the reducing channel, and the upper end of the overturning baffle plate is connected with the inner wall of the reducing structure through a return spring 21; an upper turning limiting block 20 and a lower turning limiting block 18 are arranged in the reducing channel. The upper limit of the turning shutter 19 is horizontal and the lower limit of the turning is vertical. The coal storage cavity is positioned above the combustion cavity, the flame temperature is higher during the combustion of the coal, if no shielding object is arranged, the flame is easy to directly burn to the turnover valve when the flame is larger, so that the temperature of the turnover valve is higher, and the fire coal above the turnover valve can be ignited. Set up the upset baffle, when supplementing the coal-fired to the combustion chamber from storing up the coal chamber, the coal whereabouts, the upset baffle is light under the pressure effect of coal and is opened, make the coal-fired whereabouts, after the replenishment, the upset baffle resets under reset spring's pulling force effect, block the undergauge passageway, and enclose into an air chamber between undergauge passageway and the upset valve, the upset baffle can block that flame directly burns the upset valve, the air chamber that forms simultaneously has certain thermal-insulated effect, and then can effectively reduce the temperature of upset valve, and then avoid reaching the coal-fired ignition point, thereby effectively avoid storing up the coal intracavity coal-fired burning.
The turnover limiting block is arranged, so that the normal work of the turnover baffle is guaranteed.
The bottom of the coal storage cavity is obliquely arranged, and the reducing channel is located at the lowest position. The bottom of the coal storage cavity is obliquely arranged, so that the automatic discharge rate of the fire coal in the coal storage cavity can be improved, a certain supporting effect on the fire coal can be achieved, and the pressure of the fire coal on the turnover valve is reduced. The turnover baffle is divided into two pieces, and the two turnover baffles are arranged in a side-by-side mode. The distance between the turnover baffle and the turnover valve is 10 cm. The solid connection part of the combustion chamber and the coal storage chamber is made of heat insulating materials, such as refractory bricks. To reduce heat transfer.
As shown in fig. 4, a dust removing device is arranged in the heat exchanger, the dust removing device comprises a baffling dust removing device 26 assembly and a filter screen 25, the baffling dust removing device comprises a baffling plate body and a plurality of dust removing plates 27 arranged on the baffling plate body, and the dust removing plates 27 are perpendicular to the baffling plate body. The baffling dust removal device component comprises three baffling dust removal devices which are arranged at the smoke inlet of the heat exchanger, and the filter screen 25 is arranged at the downstream of the baffling dust removal device component.
The side wall of the heat exchanger can be opened, so that ash removal can be conveniently carried out on internal components, the baffling dust removal device and the filter screen can be drawn out from the interior of the heat exchanger, if the structure as shown in figure 5 can be realized, the end parts of the baffling plate body and the reinforcing part thereof are provided with the expansion part 29, the inner wall of the shell of the heat exchanger is provided with the guide groove, and the expansion part 29 is matched with the guide groove, so that the baffling dust removal device can be drawn and pulled along the guide groove. The drawing structure of the filter 25 is the same.
The heat exchange pipe 24 is arranged at the downstream of the filter screen 25, and the smoke outlet 23 is arranged at the downstream of the heat exchange pipe 24.
The solar heat collector can work normally in sunny days in the first day, the indoor temperature at 9 o' clock at night is about 19 ℃, the temperature of hot water in the water storage tank is about 60 ℃, and the total volume of circulating hot water is 4m3Left and right.
Adopt this heating system to 100m2When the indoor heating is carried out, 12 kg of fire coal (a coal burning chamber and a coal storage chamber) is added from 9 pm to 7 pm, when the temperature is 7 pm, the fire coal in the coal burning furnace is not burnt out, a small amount of residual fire coal exists in the coal storage chamber, the indoor temperature is about 14 ℃, and the outdoor temperature is-5 ℃.
When the coal-fired furnace in the heating system is replaced by a common coal-fired furnace, because the coal storage chamber is not provided, about 7 kilograms of coal is added into the combustion chamber at most once, when the coal is at 7 o, the coal-fired furnace is completely combusted, the indoor temperature is lower than 6 ℃, and the outdoor temperature is-5 ℃.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a novel environmental protection heating system which characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
a solar heat collector;
the outer wall of the water storage tank is provided with a heat insulation structure, the outlet of the solar heat collector is connected with the top of the water storage tank, and the outlet at the bottom of the water storage tank is connected with the inlet of the heating radiator through a pump;
the outside of a combustion chamber of the coal-fired furnace is provided with a circulating water pipeline, the inlet of the circulating water pipeline is connected with the outlet at the bottom of the water storage tank, and the outlet of the circulating water pipeline is connected with the inlet of the heating radiator through a pump;
the outlet of the heating radiator is connected with the inlet of a water channel of the heat exchanger, the flue gas outlet of the coal-fired furnace is connected with the inlet of a flue gas channel of the heat exchanger, and the water channel exchanges heat with the dividing wall of the flue gas channel;
the outlet of the water channel of the heat exchanger is respectively communicated with the inlet of the solar heat collector and the top of the water storage tank through a tee joint; the connecting pipeline is provided with a valve, the top of the water storage tank is lower than the solar heat collector, and the height difference is greater than 1 m.
2. The novel environment-friendly heating system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the furnace chamber of the coal-fired furnace is divided into three layers, namely a slag discharging cavity, a combustion cavity and a coal storage cavity from bottom to top in sequence, and the slag discharging cavity is separated from the combustion cavity by a grate; the combustion chamber and the coal storage chamber are separated by a turnover valve, and the three layers of chambers are provided with doors.
3. The novel environment-friendly heating system according to claim 2, characterized in that: a cavity is reserved between the furnace chamber shell and the outer shell of the coal-fired furnace, and a circulating water pipeline is arranged in the cavity.
Furthermore, a turnover valve control mechanism is arranged in the coal-fired furnace, and comprises: the furnace grate is arranged on the side wall of the hearth in a lifting way through a guide rail, the lifting rods are arranged at two ends of the furnace grate and are positioned in the cavity, and a through groove for the lifting rods to move is formed in the side wall of the combustion cavity;
a sealing plate is arranged at the position of the cavity close to the top of the combustion cavity to seal the cavity below;
the lower end of the ejector rod is connected with the lifting rod, the upper end of the ejector rod penetrates through the sealing plate to be hinged with one end of the connecting rod, and the other end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the hinged end of the turnover valve;
the spring assembly is connected between the sealing plate and the lifting rod;
furthermore, the contact surface between the ejector rod and the sealing plate is smoothly arranged;
furthermore, surrounding plates are arranged on the periphery of the grate, and the height of the surrounding plates is greater than that of the through grooves;
furthermore, the combustion chamber is communicated with a smoke exhaust channel, and one end of the smoke exhaust channel extends out of the coal-fired furnace;
furthermore, the installation position of the turnover valve is a reducing channel, a turnover baffle is installed below the turnover valve, one side of the turnover baffle is hinged with the inner wall of the reducing channel, and the upper end of the turnover baffle is connected with the inner wall of the reducing structure through a return spring; an upper overturning limiting block and a lower overturning limiting block are arranged in the reducing channel.
4. The novel environment-friendly heating system according to claim 3, characterized in that: the upper turning limit of the turning baffle is in a horizontal state, and the lower turning limit is in a vertical state;
furthermore, a set distance is arranged between the turnover baffle and the turnover valve, and the distance ensures that the turnover valve does not touch the turnover baffle when the turnover valve is turned down and turned down;
furthermore, the bottom of the coal storage cavity is obliquely arranged, and the reducing channel is located at the lowest position.
5. The novel environment-friendly heating system according to claim 2, characterized in that: the turnover baffle is divided into two pieces, and the two turnover baffles are arranged in a side-by-side mode.
6. The novel environment-friendly heating system according to claim 5, wherein: the distance between the turnover baffle and the turnover valve is 5-10 cm.
7. The novel environment-friendly heating system according to claim 2, characterized in that: the solid connection part of the combustion chamber and the coal storage chamber is made of heat insulating materials.
8. The heat exchanger is internally provided with a dust removal device, the dust removal device comprises a baffling dust removal device assembly and a filter screen, the baffling dust removal device comprises a baffling plate body and a plurality of dust removal plates arranged on the baffling plate body, and the dust removal plates are perpendicular to the baffling plate body;
furthermore, the baffling dust removal device assembly comprises at least two baffling dust removal devices which are arranged at the smoke inlet of the heat exchanger, and a filter screen is arranged at the downstream of the baffling dust removal device assembly;
furthermore, the heat exchange pipe is arranged at the downstream of the filter screen, and the smoke outlet is arranged at the downstream of the heat exchange pipe.
9. A novel environment-friendly heating method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
in the daytime, when the sunlight is strong, circulating water circularly flows through the solar thermal collector, hot water heated by the solar thermal collector is discharged into the water storage tank for temporary storage, and is continuously pumped into the heating plate through the pump for heating; meanwhile, the coal-fired furnace burns to heat the circulating water again so as to improve the temperature of the circulating water;
when the sunlight is weak or at night, the solar heat collector is in short circuit, water in the solar heat collector is discharged into the water storage tank, and circulating water directly flows into the water storage tank and is heated by the coal-fired furnace;
the circulating water which is externally supplied with heat by the heating radiator exchanges heat with the flue gas discharged by the coal-fired furnace in the heat exchanger, and the heat in the flue gas is recovered.
10. The novel environment-friendly heating method according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the coal in the combustion chamber of the coal-fired furnace is less, the method also comprises the step of automatically opening the turnover valve to supplement the coal in the combustion chamber.
CN202011083886.2A 2020-10-12 2020-10-12 Novel environment-friendly heating system and method Active CN112161315B (en)

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Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101050877A (en) * 2006-04-06 2007-10-10 西安科弘厨房工程设备有限责任公司 Life comprehensive heat supply system
CN101498467A (en) * 2009-01-23 2009-08-05 曼瑞德自控***（乐清）有限公司 Double-heat source dwelling house comfortable integration system based on solar energy
CN102384516A (en) * 2011-10-08 2012-03-21 昆明理工大学 Heating system combining indoor solar energy and wind energy for complementing heat
CN103017239A (en) * 2012-12-27 2013-04-03 重庆大学 Solar phase change heat storage heating and hot water supply system
CN103175255A (en) * 2013-04-17 2013-06-26 肇庆金鹏酒店有限公司 Hot water supply system
CN104422013A (en) * 2013-09-06 2015-03-18 冉骏 Recovery system for hotel fume and integrated solar hot water
CN107328093A (en) * 2017-07-17 2017-11-07 浙江天翔环保设备有限公司 A kind of boiler of automatic upper coal
CN107525288A (en) * 2017-09-18 2017-12-29 上海理工大学 Solar water steam generator system

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101050877A (en) * 2006-04-06 2007-10-10 西安科弘厨房工程设备有限责任公司 Life comprehensive heat supply system
CN101498467A (en) * 2009-01-23 2009-08-05 曼瑞德自控***（乐清）有限公司 Double-heat source dwelling house comfortable integration system based on solar energy
CN102384516A (en) * 2011-10-08 2012-03-21 昆明理工大学 Heating system combining indoor solar energy and wind energy for complementing heat
CN103017239A (en) * 2012-12-27 2013-04-03 重庆大学 Solar phase change heat storage heating and hot water supply system
CN103175255A (en) * 2013-04-17 2013-06-26 肇庆金鹏酒店有限公司 Hot water supply system
CN104422013A (en) * 2013-09-06 2015-03-18 冉骏 Recovery system for hotel fume and integrated solar hot water
CN107328093A (en) * 2017-07-17 2017-11-07 浙江天翔环保设备有限公司 A kind of boiler of automatic upper coal
CN107525288A (en) * 2017-09-18 2017-12-29 上海理工大学 Solar water steam generator system

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