CN112130197A - Micro-vibration target detector - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a micro-vibration target detector, comprising: the detector is connected with the adaptive envelope detection circuit, and the adaptive envelope detection circuit is connected with the adaptive threshold adjusting circuit; the detector is used for collecting micro-vibration signals and transmitting the collected micro-vibration signals to the self-adaptive envelope detection circuit, the self-adaptive envelope detection circuit converts the high-frequency micro-vibration signals into low-frequency envelope signals, and the self-adaptive threshold value adjusting circuit is used for adjusting reference threshold values under different environments according to detection results so as to improve detection accuracy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sensors, in particular to a micro-vibration target detector.
Background
The inventor of the invention finds in research that in a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) node, a vibration sensor is mainly used for detecting ground microseismic signals around the WSN node, and in the prior art, the sampling frequency of a microprocessor system of the wireless sensor network is greater than 400Hz and the sampling time lasts for more than 3 seconds at the lowest, so that the method has the problems of large memory occupation of sampling data, large signal processing calculation amount and high energy consumption of the microprocessor system, and the WSN node needs to have stronger computing capability and battery endurance.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a micro-vibration target detector to at least solve the problem of large memory occupied by the sampled data.
Specifically, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a micro-vibration target detector, including: the detector is connected with the adaptive envelope detection circuit, and the adaptive envelope detection circuit is connected with the adaptive threshold adjusting circuit;
the detector is used for collecting micro-vibration signals and transmitting the collected micro-vibration signals to the self-adaptive envelope detection circuit, the self-adaptive envelope detection circuit converts the high-frequency micro-vibration signals into low-frequency envelope signals, and the self-adaptive threshold value adjusting circuit is used for adjusting reference threshold values under different environments according to detection results so as to improve detection accuracy.
Optionally, the detector comprises: the geophone comprises a geophone probe, a high-pass filter, a band-stop wave trap and a low-pass filter;
the geophone probe is arranged at the bottom of the WSN node shell and used for detecting a ground micro-vibration signal; the high-pass filter is used for filtering signals output by two ends of the geophone probe so as to isolate direct current and inhibit low-frequency interference signals; the band-stop wave trap is used for inhibiting mains supply interference, and the low-pass filter is used for inhibiting high-frequency signal interference.
Optionally, the adaptive envelope detection circuit comprises: the circuit comprises a blocking filter circuit, a first operational amplifier, a series resistor, two parallel resistors and a Schottky diode;
the blocking filter circuit is connected with an operational amplifier, the operational amplifier is connected with a series resistor in series, two parallel resistors are connected with a capacitor in parallel, and the Schottky diode is connected between the two parallel circuits.
Optionally, the detector comprises: the second operational amplifier, the equidirectional amplifying circuit, the first-order low-pass filter and the comparison circuit; the comparison circuit includes: the device comprises a comparator, a numerical control potentiometer and a resistor;
the input end of the equidirectional amplification circuit is connected with the input end of the second operational amplifier, the output end of the equidirectional amplification circuit is connected with the output end of the second operational amplifier, the output end of the second operational amplifier is connected with a first-order low-pass filter, and the first-order low-pass filter is connected with the comparison circuit.
The micro-vibration target detector provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises: the detector is connected with the adaptive envelope detection circuit, and the adaptive envelope detection circuit is connected with the adaptive threshold adjusting circuit; the detector is used for collecting micro-vibration signals and transmitting the collected micro-vibration signals to the self-adaptive envelope detection circuit, the self-adaptive envelope detection circuit converts the micro-vibration signals with higher frequency into low-frequency envelope signals, and the self-adaptive threshold value adjusting circuit is used for adjusting the comparison threshold value according to the detection environment so as to improve the accuracy of comparison. The application has the following positive effects: the adaptive envelope detector is adopted to convert the high-frequency micro-vibration signal into the low-frequency envelope signal, so that the sampling rate of a microprocessor system can be reduced, the memory of the microprocessor can be reduced, the micro-vibration target identification algorithm can be simplified, the target identification processing speed can be greatly increased, the power consumption of the microprocessor system can be reduced, and the accuracy of target identification cannot be influenced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a micro-seismic object detector according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a geophone probe according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the connection of a band-stop trap, low pass filter of a geophone probe in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an adaptive envelope detection circuit according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an adaptive threshold adjustment circuit according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a micro-vibration excitation source according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present invention. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the invention, as detailed in the appended claims.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
It is to be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe various information, these information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one type of information from another. For example, first information may also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information, without departing from the scope of the present invention. The word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "at … …" or "when … …" or "in response to a determination", depending on the context.
In a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) node, a vibration sensor is mainly used for detecting ground microseismic signals around the WSN node. The vibration frequency caused by the motion of people, animals, wheeled vehicles and tracked vehicles is usually within 200Hz, and in order to analyze, process and identify target signals by using an ARM microprocessor system, the sampling frequency of the microprocessor system is more than 400Hz, and the sampling time lasts for at least more than 3 seconds, so that the method has the problems of more occupied memory of sampling data, large signal processing calculation amount and high energy consumption of the microprocessor system, and is very unfavorable for a WSN node which adopts a lithium battery for power supply and has limited calculation capacity; and WSN nodes based on magnetoelectric geophones are all provided with caudal vertebra accessories, and the caudal vertebra is inserted into soil texture ground and is compressed tightly, makes geophone and ground realize the close coupling, perhaps utilizes the cementing mode to realize the close coupling with the bottom of geophone and stereoplasm ground, makes it to detect ground micro-vibration signal, and the carrying and the cloth of this kind of WSN node are inconvenient.
In order to solve the problems, firstly, the sensitivity of the magnetoelectric geophone must be improved, so that the ground micro-vibration signals caused by the movement of people and animals can be detected by directly placing a geophone node (WSN node) on the ground (except for marshland). Meanwhile, an envelope detection circuit is introduced into a node of the geophone, so that the microprocessor directly samples and processes the amplitude envelope of the micro-vibration signal to extract and identify target characteristics, rather than sampling and processing the original micro-vibration signal. Therefore, the sampling frequency of the microprocessor system can be reduced, and the signal processing algorithm program can be simplified, so that the rapid target identification is realized, and the power consumption of the microprocessor is reduced. In addition, in order to reduce the false alarm probability or the false detection probability of the micro-vibration target detector, an auxiliary device for adaptively adjusting the gain of the envelope detector and the alarm threshold value of the comparator should be added to compensate the adverse effect caused by the change of the environmental parameters. Therefore, the applicant of the present invention proposes a design scheme of a non-tail-cone micro-vibration target detector based on an adaptive envelope detection technology.
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a micro-vibration target detector, including: the detector 100, the adaptive envelope detection circuit 200 and the adaptive threshold adjusting circuit 300, wherein the detector 100 is connected with the adaptive envelope detection circuit 200, and the adaptive envelope detection circuit 200 is connected with the adaptive threshold adjusting circuit 300.
The detector 100 is configured to collect a micro-vibration signal and transmit the collected micro-vibration signal to the adaptive envelope detection circuit 200, the adaptive envelope detection circuit 200 converts the high-frequency micro-vibration signal into a low-frequency envelope signal, and the adaptive threshold adjustment circuit 300 is configured to adjust reference thresholds in different environments according to a detection result to improve detection accuracy.
In an embodiment of the present application, the detector includes: geophone probes, high pass filters, band stop traps, and low pass filters.
The geophone probe is arranged at the bottom of the WSN node shell and used for detecting a ground micro-vibration signal; the high-pass filter is used for filtering signals output by two ends of the geophone probe so as to isolate direct current and inhibit low-frequency interference signals; the band-stop wave trap is used for inhibiting mains supply interference, and the low-pass filter is used for inhibiting high-frequency signal interference.
Illustratively, FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a geophone probe according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the connection of a band-stop trap, low pass filter of a geophone probe in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; firstly, referring to fig. 2, a seismic detector probe adopts a PS-10R type ultrahigh-sensitivity magnetoelectric seismic detector probe, and the PS-10R type ultrahigh-sensitivity magnetoelectric seismic detector probe is arranged at the bottom of a WSN node shell and is used for detecting a ground micro-vibration signal; in order to avoid the damage of the lightning surge voltage possibly induced by the magnetoelectric geophone to the signal conditioning circuit, a bidirectional transient voltage suppression diode (SHK _ U1) is connected between two output ends of the geophone and the ground wire in parallel to protect a post-stage circuit. Two identical high-pass filters (the cut-off frequency is 10Hz) are formed by capacitors C1 and C2 and resistors R1 and R2, and signals output by two ends of the geophone are filtered to isolate direct current and inhibit low-frequency interference signals; the resistor R3 and the precision instrument amplifier (SHK _ U2) form a pre-amplification circuit of the geophone, and the gain of the geophone is determined by the resistance value of the resistor R3.
Referring to fig. 3, in fig. 3, the resistors R1, R2, R3 and the capacitors C1, C2, C3 form a double-T50 Hz band-stop trap for suppressing interference of commercial power (50Hz alternating current); the voltage follower formed by the low-power consumption operational amplifier (SHK _ U3-1/2) is used as an impedance isolation buffer of the band-stop trap and a post-stage low-pass filter; a second-order Butterworth low-pass filter (cut-off frequency 200Hz) composed of operational amplifiers (SHK _ U3-2/2), resistors R3 and R4, capacitors C3 and C4 and used for suppressing high-frequency signal interference
In an embodiment of the present application, the adaptive envelope detection circuit includes: the circuit comprises a blocking filter circuit, a first operational amplifier, a series resistor, two parallel resistors and a Schottky diode; the blocking filter circuit is connected with the operational amplifier, the operational amplifier is connected with the series resistor in series, the two parallel resistors are connected with a capacitor in parallel, and the Schottky diode is connected between the two parallel circuits.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an adaptive envelope detection circuit according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; illustratively, referring to fig. 4, the capacitor C1 and the resistor R1 form a dc blocking filter; the envelope detector is composed of a single-power-supply low-power-consumption operational amplifier (SHK _ U4-1/2, which is divided into a first operational amplifier for the convenience of distinguishing), a diode D, resistors R2, R3 and R4, a capacitor C2 and a Schottky diode SD. The charging time constant of the detector is tau 1 ═ R2 × C2, and the discharging time constant is tau 2 ≥ R3// R4 × C2, and has tau 2> > tau 1. Here, the main effect of introducing the schottky diode SD is to reduce the dc component of the amplitude envelope signal.
In an embodiment of the present application, the detector includes: the second operational amplifier, the equidirectional amplifying circuit, the first-order low-pass filter and the comparison circuit; the comparison circuit includes: the device comprises a comparator, a numerical control potentiometer and a resistor; the input end of the equidirectional amplifying circuit is connected with the input end of the second operational amplifier, the output end of the equidirectional amplifying circuit is connected with the output end of the second operational amplifier, the output end of the second operational amplifier is connected with a first-order low-pass filter, and the first-order low-pass filter is connected with the comparison circuit.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an adaptive threshold adjustment circuit according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; referring to fig. 5, a single-power-supply low-power operational amplifier (SHK _ U4-2/2, which may be referred to as a second operational amplifier for easy distinction), resistors R1, R2, R3 and an IIC digitally-controlled potentiometer (SHK _ U5-1/2) form a gain-controllable homodyne amplifier, and a resistor R4 and a capacitor C4 form a first-order low-pass filter (the cut-off frequency is less than 10 Hz); the single-power-supply low-power-consumption comparator (SHK _ U6, OTC output), the IIC numerical control potentiometer (SHK _ U5-2/2) and the resistor R5 form a comparator circuit with controllable threshold values, the capacitor C2 is used for filtering threshold level noise, and the resistor R6 and the LED lamp are used for displaying the output state of the comparator.
In one embodiment of the present application, a micro-vibration excitation source is further provided to ensure power supply of the detector.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a micro-vibration excitation source according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 6, the micro-vibration excitation source is specifically described as follows: a resistor R1 and an inverter (SHK _ U7) form a switching circuit (normally off, inverter output low level) of an LDO (low voltage drop) linear voltage-stabilized power supply (SHK _ U8), and the switching circuit is controlled by a microprocessor IO interface (MPU _ IO); capacitors C1 and C2 are used for power supply filtering; the typical output voltage of LDO linear voltage regulator (SHK _ U8) is 2.84V (output current 120mA) and is used for driving a flat button vibration motor (rated voltage/current: 3V/80 mA). The resistor R2 and the LED are used for displaying the working state of the micro-vibration excitation source.
The detector provided by the application adopts the ultra-high sensitivity magnetoelectric geophone probe, the amplifier for the dual power supply instrument, the double T-shaped 50Hz band elimination filter, the second order low pass filter and the self-adaptive envelope geophone to form the high sensitivity geophone, so that ground micro-vibration signals caused by human, animal or vehicle motion can be detected without a caudal vertebra accessory. The amplitude envelope characteristic of a ground micro-vibration signal (10-200Hz) caused by the motion of people, animals or vehicles is detected by using an envelope detection method and is used for judging whether the motion of people, animals or vehicles exists around a micro-vibration target detector.
An adaptive gain adjustment device for a high-sensitivity geophone and an adaptive threshold adjustment device for a comparator are constituted. The method comprises the steps of starting a micro-vibration excitation source at fixed time, starting a gain/threshold value adjusting program based on a fuzzy logic algorithm, wherein the algorithm is self-adaptive, and automatically adjusting the circuit gain of a micro-vibration target detector and the warning threshold value of a comparator under different detection environments (such as cement and sand detection environments) so as to improve the environmental adaptability and reduce the false alarm probability or the false alarm probability. Here, false alarm is represented by false inversion of the output state of the comparator; the output state of the comparator is insensitive to the micro-vibration signal, indicating a false alarm.
The micro-vibration target detector provided by the above embodiment of the application is composed of functional components such as a detector, an adaptive envelope detection circuit and an adaptive threshold adjusting circuit. Wherein, the geophone is formed by a magnetoelectric geophone probe with ultrahigh sensitivity and a signal conditioning circuit thereof; the self-adaptive envelope detection circuit and the self-adaptive threshold value adjusting circuit also comprise an ARM microprocessor system, a numerical control potentiometer, a flat button vibration motor and other electronic components. The concrete description is as follows:
the high-sensitivity geophone comprises functional components such as an ultrahigh-sensitivity magnetoelectric geophone probe, an instrument amplifier, a double-T type 50Hz band-stop wave trap, a second-order Butterworth low-pass filter and the like. The output signal S1 of the geophone passes through a high-pass filter, a peak detector, a low-pass filter and a direct-current voltage translation circuit to obtain a micro-vibration amplitude envelope signal S2. In order to increase the processing gain of the signal conditioning circuit, a multi-stage filter is used to filter the signal.
The micro-vibration amplitude envelope signal S2 is connected to the input end of a gain-controllable equidirectional operational amplifier, and the output end of the equidirectional operational amplifier is connected in series with a first-order low-pass filter. The output signal of the low-pass filter is divided into two paths: one path is connected to an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) of the ARM microprocessor, the other path is connected to the reverse input end of the comparator with controllable threshold, and the output state of the comparator is used as an interrupt signal (INT) of the ARM microprocessor. The IIC numerical control potentiometer is used as a feedback resistor of the equidirectional operational amplifier, and the ARM microprocessor is used for adjusting the resistance value of the numerical control potentiometer to realize gain control; similarly, the ARM microprocessor is used for adjusting the resistance value of another IIC numerical control potentiometer to realize threshold control of the comparator (the same-direction input end potential of the comparator). When the amplified filtered microvibration amplitude envelope signal (SHK AOUT) exceeds an alert threshold, the ARM microprocessor immediately initiates an interrupt service routine-sampling and processing the amplitude envelope signal to determine whether there is human, animal or vehicle motion around the detector.
A direct-current driving power supply and a flat button vibration motor (arranged at the bottom of a seismic detector node shell) are used for generating a micro-vibration signal which is used as a micro-vibration excitation source for adjusting the gain of an envelope detector and the threshold value of a comparator. Starting a micro-vibration excitation source, sampling a micro-vibration envelope signal by using an ADC port of an ARM microprocessor, if a sampling peak value does not reach the full-scale range of the ADC, adjusting a numerical control potentiometer through an IIC interface of the ARM microprocessor, gradually increasing the gain of the equidirectional operational amplifier until the sampling peak value reaches the full-scale range of the ADC, and taking the resistance value of the IIC numerical control potentiometer corresponding to the sampling peak value as the initial feedback resistance value of the equidirectional operational amplifier; and (3) closing the micro-vibration excitation source, sampling the output signal of the micro-vibration target detector by using an ADC (analog to digital converter) port of the ARM microprocessor, calculating the average value/peak value of the output signal, and taking 1.2 or 1.5 times of the average value/peak value as an initial threshold value.
In the actual detection process, the micro-vibration excitation source can be started at regular time, and the gain of the envelope detector and the threshold of the comparator are adjusted by using a fuzzy logic algorithm, so that the false alarm probability or the missing detection probability of the micro-vibration target detector is reduced.
Furthermore, the application has at least the following positive effects:
(1) the high-sensitivity geophone is formed by adopting an ultra-high-sensitivity magnetoelectric geophone probe and a high-signal processing gain dual-power signal conditioning circuit, so that ground micro-vibration signals caused by movement of people, animals or vehicles can be detected without a caudal vertebra accessory.
(2) An envelope detector is adopted to convert the high-frequency microseismic signal (fmax is 200Hz) into a low-frequency envelope signal (less than 10 Hz). The method can not only reduce the sampling rate of the microprocessor system, reduce the memory of the microprocessor and simplify the micro-vibration target identification algorithm, but also greatly improve the target identification speed and reduce the power consumption of the microprocessor system, and simultaneously can not influence the accuracy of target identification.
(3) The gain of the envelope detector and the threshold of the comparator are adjusted at regular time by utilizing an additional micro-vibration excitation source, a double-numerical control potentiometer, an ARM microprocessor system and other electronic components so as to inhibit adverse effects caused by environmental parameter changes and further reduce the false alarm probability or the missing detection probability of the micro-vibration target detector.
(4) In order to reduce the power consumption of the vibration target detector, all electronic components adopt micro-power consumption devices, and the power supply of each functional module is controllable, so that energy scheduling and time-sharing work are facilitated.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A micro-seismic object detector, comprising: the detector is connected with the adaptive envelope detection circuit, and the adaptive envelope detection circuit is connected with the adaptive threshold adjusting circuit;
the detector is used for collecting micro-vibration signals and transmitting the collected micro-vibration signals to the self-adaptive envelope detection circuit, the self-adaptive envelope detection circuit converts the high-frequency micro-vibration signals into low-frequency envelope signals, and the self-adaptive threshold value adjusting circuit is used for adjusting reference threshold values under different environments according to detection results so as to improve detection accuracy.
2. The micro-seismic object detector of claim 1, wherein the geophone comprises: the geophone comprises a geophone probe, a high-pass filter, a band-stop wave trap and a low-pass filter;
the geophone probe is arranged at the bottom of the WSN node shell and used for detecting a ground micro-vibration signal; the high-pass filter is used for filtering signals output by two ends of the geophone probe so as to isolate direct current and inhibit low-frequency interference signals; the band-stop wave trap is used for inhibiting mains supply interference, and the low-pass filter is used for inhibiting high-frequency signal interference.
3. The microseismic target detector of claim 1 or 2 wherein the adaptive envelope detection circuit comprises: the circuit comprises a blocking filter circuit, a first operational amplifier, a series resistor, two parallel resistors and a Schottky diode;
the blocking filter circuit is connected with an operational amplifier, the operational amplifier is connected with a series resistor in series, two parallel resistors are connected with a capacitor in parallel, and the Schottky diode is connected between the two parallel circuits.
4. The microseismic target probe of claim 1 or 2 wherein the adaptive threshold adjustment circuit comprises: the second operational amplifier, the equidirectional amplifying circuit, the first-order low-pass filter and the comparison circuit; the comparison circuit includes: the device comprises a comparator, a numerical control potentiometer and a resistor;
the input end of the equidirectional amplification circuit is connected with the input end of the second operational amplifier, the output end of the equidirectional amplification circuit is connected with the output end of the second operational amplifier, the output end of the second operational amplifier is connected with a first-order low-pass filter, and the first-order low-pass filter is connected with the comparison circuit.
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| CN202011067884.4A CN112130197A (en) | 2020-10-07 | 2020-10-07 | Micro-vibration target detector |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113225036A (en) * | 2021-05-12 | 2021-08-06 | 上海电气集团股份有限公司 | Preamplifier and medical piezoelectric film sensor |
| CN113611064A (en) * | 2021-08-10 | 2021-11-05 | 厦门市弘威崇安科技有限公司 | Unattended vibration-magnetism-sound sensor node |
-
2020
- 2020-10-07 CN CN202011067884.4A patent/CN112130197A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113225036A (en) * | 2021-05-12 | 2021-08-06 | 上海电气集团股份有限公司 | Preamplifier and medical piezoelectric film sensor |
| CN113611064A (en) * | 2021-08-10 | 2021-11-05 | 厦门市弘威崇安科技有限公司 | Unattended vibration-magnetism-sound sensor node |
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