CN107543976B - Device and method for detecting electromagnetic radiation weak signal - Google Patents
Device and method for detecting electromagnetic radiation weak signal Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for detecting weak electromagnetic radiation signals, wherein the device comprises an electromagnetic radiation detection module, a signal conditioning module and a processor, wherein the electromagnetic radiation detection module is used for acquiring electromagnetic radiation signals to be detected, converting the electromagnetic radiation signals into differential signals taking reference signals as reference, and transmitting the differential signals to the processor through the signal conditioning module; the switch selection module is used for switching between the calibration channel and the electromagnetic radiation detection channel, and the output end of the switch selection module is connected with the signal conditioning module; on the electromagnetic radiation detection channel, the input end of the switch selection module is connected with the electromagnetic radiation detection module; on the calibration channel, the input end of the switch selection module is connected with the reference signal generation module; the processor is configured to: and receiving the conditioned electromagnetic radiation signal to be detected and the reference signal, and detecting the electromagnetic radiation weak signal at each moment by using a digital mean filtering method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of weak signal detection, and particularly relates to a device and a method for detecting electromagnetic radiation weak signals.
Background
The rapid development of modern electronic technology and communication technology facilitates our lives, and meanwhile, electromagnetic waves continuously emitted by various electronic and communication devices constantly influence the electromagnetic field environment of our living places. With the increasing awareness of the harm of electromagnetic radiation, the concept of electromagnetic pollution has gradually come into the sight of people. In order to avoid and reduce the influence of electromagnetic radiation on human health and the safe operation of electronic instruments and equipment, attention is paid to electromagnetic radiation detection means and equipment.
In addition, electromagnetic radiation has not been known as a difficult to perceive "covert contamination". With the technical development of electronic testing and the deep research on the influence of electromagnetic radiation, the concept of electromagnetic pollution is more and more emphasized by people. With the rapid development of electronic and communication devices, the electromagnetic environment in which we live and work becomes more and more complex due to the constantly emitted electromagnetic waves. Researches show that electromagnetic radiation in a complex electromagnetic environment threatens personal safety of people, and strong interference can also prevent normal work of electronic equipment in the environment. Therefore, the electromagnetic radiation detection is carried out quickly and accurately, and the electromagnetic protection of personnel and the normal operation of equipment are significant.
The existing electromagnetic radiation measuring equipment generally adopts a traditional signal processing method, including signal filtering, signal amplification, AD acquisition and the like, and the equipment has a high noise floor and cannot detect weak electromagnetic radiation signals. For example, in CN200910308022.3, "electromagnetic radiation intensity detecting device and method", an electromagnetic radiation monitoring device with an over-value monitoring function is disclosed, which comprises an input unit, a microcontroller, an electromagnetic sensor, and an alarm unit, wherein the device alarms when the electromagnetic radiation intensity exceeds a certain limit value, so as to prompt a user to turn off an electrical device. The scheme is only applied to electromagnetic radiation monitoring of large-scale electrical equipment, has low sensitivity, can only realize overrun alarm and cannot realize large-dynamic-range signal detection; in the invention patent CN201010264317.8, "a method, an apparatus, and a system for monitoring electromagnetic radiation", a method and an apparatus for detecting electromagnetic radiation overrun near a base station are also disclosed, and the detection sensitivity is also low.
In summary, the existing scheme is mainly applied to electromagnetic radiation detection near electrical equipment, has low sensitivity, can only alarm for an over-limit value, and cannot detect weak electromagnetic radiation signals. Generally, similar to the scheme, the detection alarm function of the electromagnetic radiation signal with a larger value can only be met, the detection of a weaker electromagnetic radiation signal cannot be realized, and the detection requirement of high sensitivity and a large dynamic range cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects of the prior art, a first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides an apparatus for detecting a weak electromagnetic radiation signal, which can specifically solve the problem of low sensitivity of an electromagnetic radiation detection device, reduce a noise floor of the electromagnetic radiation detection device to 1V/m, and effectively achieve detection of the weak electromagnetic radiation signal in an environment.
A first aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides an apparatus for detecting a weak electromagnetic radiation signal, including:
the electromagnetic radiation detection module is used for acquiring an electromagnetic radiation signal to be detected, converting the electromagnetic radiation signal into a differential signal taking a reference signal as a reference, and transmitting the differential signal to the processor through the signal conditioning module; and
the switch selection module is used for switching between the calibration channel and the electromagnetic radiation detection channel, and the output end of the switch selection module is connected with the signal conditioning module; on the electromagnetic radiation detection channel, the input end of the switch selection module is connected with the electromagnetic radiation detection module; on the calibration channel, the input end of the switch selection module is connected with the reference signal generation module;
the processor is configured to: and receiving the conditioned electromagnetic radiation signal to be detected and the reference signal, and detecting the electromagnetic radiation weak signal at each moment by using a digital mean filtering method.
With reference to the first aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, in a first implementation manner of the first aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, before the weak electromagnetic radiation signal at each time is detected by using a digital mean filtering method, the processor is further configured to perform data compensation on the conditioned electromagnetic radiation signal to be detected and the reference signal.
Wherein the data compensation comprises calibration channel data compensation, calibration channel circuit noise data compensation, and signal electromagnetic radiation detection channel circuit noise data compensation.
According to the invention, the data compensation is carried out on the electromagnetic radiation signal to be detected and the reference signal, so that the detection precision of the final electromagnetic radiation weak signal is improved.
With reference to the first aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, in a second implementation manner of the first aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, a first low-pass filter circuit is further connected in series between the input end of the switch selection module and the electromagnetic radiation detection module, and the first low-pass filter circuit is configured to filter the acquired electromagnetic radiation signal to be detected.
According to the invention, the obtained electromagnetic radiation signal to be detected is subjected to filtering processing, so that interference signals in the obtained electromagnetic radiation signal to be detected are reduced, and the detection precision of the final electromagnetic radiation weak signal is improved.
With reference to the first aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, in a third implementation manner of the first aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, the signal conditioning module includes a second low-pass filter circuit, a signal amplification circuit, and an ADC conversion circuit, which are connected in series.
According to the invention, the signals are filtered again through the second low-pass filter circuits respectively; and the signal amplification circuit performs signal amplification matching processing, thereby laying a foundation for the detection precision of the electromagnetic radiation weak signal.
With reference to the first aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, in a fourth implementation manner of the first aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, the processor is further connected to the memory.
The memory is used for storing signals transmitted by the processor in real time, wherein the signals comprise detected weak electromagnetic radiation signals.
A second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a detection method for an apparatus for detecting a weak signal of electromagnetic radiation.
A second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a method for detecting a weak electromagnetic radiation signal, including:
step 1: the switch selection module is communicated with the calibration channel, and the reference signal generated by the reference signal generation module is transmitted to the processor through the switch selection module and the signal conditioning module in sequence;
step 2: the switch selection module is communicated with the electromagnetic radiation detection channel, and the electromagnetic radiation signal to be detected acquired by the electromagnetic radiation detection module is converted into a differential signal taking the reference signal as a reference and is transmitted to the processor through the signal conditioning module;
and step 3: and the processor receives the conditioned electromagnetic radiation signal to be detected and the reference signal, and detects the electromagnetic radiation weak signal at each moment by using a digital mean value filtering method.
With reference to the second aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, in the first implementation manner of the second aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, before the step 3, before detecting the weak electromagnetic radiation signal at each time by using a digital mean filtering method, the method further includes: and performing data compensation on the conditioned electromagnetic radiation signal to be detected and the conditioned reference signal.
In a first implementation form of the second aspect in combination with the embodiments of the present invention, the data compensation includes calibration channel data compensation, calibration channel circuit noise data compensation, and signal electromagnetic radiation detection channel circuit noise data compensation.
According to the invention, the data compensation is carried out on the electromagnetic radiation signal to be detected and the reference signal, so that the detection precision of the final electromagnetic radiation weak signal is improved.
With reference to the second aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, in a second implementation manner of the second aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, when the switch selection module is communicated with the electromagnetic radiation detection channel, the electromagnetic radiation signal to be detected acquired by the electromagnetic radiation detection module is further filtered by the first low-pass filter circuit.
According to the invention, the obtained electromagnetic radiation signal to be detected is subjected to filtering processing, so that interference signals in the obtained electromagnetic radiation signal to be detected are reduced, and the detection precision of the final electromagnetic radiation weak signal is improved.
In combination with the second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, in a third implementation of the second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, the method includes: and the processor transmits the detected electromagnetic radiation weak signals at each moment to the memory for real-time storage.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention adds a calibration channel to improve the detection sensitivity of the device. The calibration channel is added on the basis of the traditional signal electromagnetic radiation detection channel, the measurement channel is firstly punched into the calibration channel for calibration before measurement, then the measurement channel is punched into the electromagnetic radiation signal electromagnetic radiation detection channel for signal acquisition, and meanwhile, the calibration channel is used as the reference of the signal channel, so that the noise base of equipment is reduced, the detection sensitivity of the device is improved, the switching between the electromagnetic radiation detection channel and the calibration channel is realized, and the flexibility of the working mode of the device is improved.
(2) According to the invention, through data compensation and data processing technologies, the detection accuracy is improved, circuit noises under different environments of temperature, humidity and the like of a detection channel and a calibration channel can be detected by acquiring signals in advance, the acquired data is stored in a memory, and the data can be used for compensating a measurement result in actual use; during data processing, a digital mean filtering technology is used, measurement noise is reduced, and detection accuracy is improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and, together with the description, serve to explain the application and are not intended to limit the application.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for detecting weak signals of electromagnetic radiation according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flow chart of a detection method of the device for detecting weak signals of electromagnetic radiation of the invention.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for detecting a weak signal of electromagnetic radiation according to the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, an apparatus for detecting a weak signal of electromagnetic radiation according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
the electromagnetic radiation detection module is used for acquiring an electromagnetic radiation signal to be detected, converting the electromagnetic radiation signal into a differential signal taking a reference signal as a reference, and transmitting the differential signal to the processor through the signal conditioning module; and
the switch selection module is used for switching between the calibration channel and the electromagnetic radiation detection channel, and the output end of the switch selection module is connected with the signal conditioning module; on the electromagnetic radiation detection channel, the input end of the switch selection module is connected with the electromagnetic radiation detection module; on the calibration channel, the input end of the switch selection module is connected with the reference signal generation module;
the processor is configured to: and receiving the conditioned electromagnetic radiation signal to be detected and the reference signal, and detecting the electromagnetic radiation weak signal at each moment by using a digital mean filtering method.
Before the weak electromagnetic radiation signals at each moment are detected by using a digital mean value filtering method, the processor is further configured to perform data compensation on the conditioned electromagnetic radiation signals to be detected and the reference signals.
Wherein the data compensation comprises calibration channel data compensation, calibration channel circuit noise data compensation, and signal electromagnetic radiation detection channel circuit noise data compensation.
In order to reduce the influence of circuit noise, reference noise and external environment of the device, the invention also provides a data compensation and data processing method of the electromagnetic radiation signal. The data compensation mainly comprises data compensation of a calibration channel, circuit noise compensation of the calibration channel and circuit noise compensation of an electromagnetic radiation detection channel.
For the collected data of the calibration channel, the formula (1)
In the formula, xc(i) Data is collected for the calibration channel, and n is the number of collection points.
For the circuit noise of the calibration channel and the circuit noise of the electromagnetic radiation detection channel, there are formula (2) and formula (3)
In the formula, xcs(i) Collecting data for the calibration channel circuit noise, wherein m is the number of collected points; x is the number ofss(i) Data are collected for electromagnetic radiation detection channel circuit noise, and q is the number of collection points.
Obtaining data compensation formula (4) of electromagnetic radiation signal according to the above calibration data and circuit noise data
xb＝xi+E(xc)+E(xcs)+E(xSS) (4)
In the formula, xbAcquiring data, x, for the compensated electromagnetic radiation signaliAcquiring data for the pre-compensation electromagnetic radiation signal, E (x)c) To calibrate the mathematical expectation of the channel calibration data, E (x)cs) To calibrate the mathematical expectation of the circuit noise data for the channel, E (x)ss) Is a mathematical expectation of circuit noise data for the electromagnetic radiation detection channel.
Meanwhile, in order to reduce the influence of random noise during the detection of weak electromagnetic radiation signals and consider the real-time property of detection signals of the device, the invention adopts a digital mean value filtering technology, selects a proper filtering window N according to the real-time property requirement of the device, and takes the mean value in the window as a filtering result. And the detection of electromagnetic radiation signals at all times can be realized along with the movement of the window.
According to the invention, the data compensation is carried out on the electromagnetic radiation signal to be detected and the reference signal, so that the detection precision of the final electromagnetic radiation weak signal is improved.
In specific implementation, a first low-pass filter circuit is further connected in series between the input end of the switch selection module and the electromagnetic radiation detection module, and the first low-pass filter circuit is used for filtering the acquired electromagnetic radiation signal to be detected.
According to the invention, the obtained electromagnetic radiation signal to be detected is subjected to filtering processing, so that interference signals in the obtained electromagnetic radiation signal to be detected are reduced, and the detection precision of the final electromagnetic radiation weak signal is improved.
In a specific implementation, the signal conditioning module includes a second low-pass filter circuit, a signal amplification circuit and an ADC conversion circuit connected in series.
According to the invention, the signals are filtered again through the second low-pass filter circuits respectively; and the signal amplification circuit performs signal amplification matching processing, thereby laying a foundation for the detection precision of the electromagnetic radiation weak signal.
In a specific implementation, the processor is further coupled to a memory.
The memory is used for storing signals transmitted by the processor in real time, wherein the signals comprise detected weak electromagnetic radiation signals.
The invention adds a calibration channel to improve the detection sensitivity of the device. The calibration channel is added on the basis of the traditional signal electromagnetic radiation detection channel, the measurement channel is firstly punched into the calibration channel for calibration before measurement, then the measurement channel is punched into the electromagnetic radiation signal electromagnetic radiation detection channel for signal acquisition, and meanwhile, the calibration channel is used as the reference of the signal channel, so that the noise base of equipment is reduced, the detection sensitivity of the device is improved, the switching between the electromagnetic radiation detection channel and the calibration channel is realized, and the flexibility of the working mode of the device is improved.
According to the invention, through data compensation and data processing technologies, the detection accuracy is improved, circuit noises under different environments of temperature, humidity and the like of a detection channel and a calibration channel can be detected by acquiring signals in advance, the acquired data is stored in a memory, and the data can be used for compensating a measurement result in actual use; during data processing, a digital mean filtering technology is used, measurement noise is reduced, and detection accuracy is improved.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of a detection method of the device for detecting weak signals of electromagnetic radiation of the invention.
As shown in fig. 2, a detection method of an apparatus for detecting a weak signal of electromagnetic radiation according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
step 1: the switch selection module is communicated with the calibration channel, and the reference signal generated by the reference signal generation module is transmitted to the processor through the switch selection module and the signal conditioning module in sequence;
step 2: the switch selection module is communicated with the electromagnetic radiation detection channel, and the electromagnetic radiation signal to be detected acquired by the electromagnetic radiation detection module is converted into a differential signal taking the reference signal as a reference and is transmitted to the processor through the signal conditioning module;
in this step, if circuit noise collection of the calibration channel in different environments such as temperature and humidity is to be performed, the calibration channel can be continuously selected, and noise collection and data storage of the calibration channel in related environments are completed, so that subsequent data compensation is facilitated.
And step 3: and the processor receives the conditioned electromagnetic radiation signal to be detected and the reference signal, and detects the electromagnetic radiation weak signal at each moment by using a digital mean value filtering method.
The front end of the device for detecting the weak electromagnetic radiation signals is connected with the matched load, so that data acquisition and data storage of circuit noise of the electromagnetic radiation detection channel can be realized, and subsequent data compensation is facilitated.
In a specific implementation, before the step 3, detecting the weak electromagnetic radiation signal at each time by using a digital mean filtering method, the method further includes: and performing data compensation on the conditioned electromagnetic radiation signal to be detected and the conditioned reference signal.
In a particular implementation, the data compensation includes calibration channel data compensation, calibration channel circuit noise data compensation, and signal electromagnetic radiation detection channel circuit noise data compensation.
In order to reduce the influence of circuit noise, reference noise and external environment of the device, the invention also provides a data compensation and data processing method of the electromagnetic radiation signal. The data compensation mainly comprises data compensation of a calibration channel, circuit noise compensation of the calibration channel and circuit noise compensation of an electromagnetic radiation detection channel.
For the collected data of the calibration channel, the formula (1)
In the formula, xc(i) Data is collected for the calibration channel, and n is the number of collection points.
For the circuit noise of the calibration channel and the circuit noise of the electromagnetic radiation detection channel, there are formula (2) and formula (3)
In the formula, xcs(i) Collecting data for the calibration channel circuit noise, wherein m is the number of collected points; x is the number ofss(i) Data are collected for electromagnetic radiation detection channel circuit noise, and q is the number of collection points.
Obtaining data compensation formula (4) of electromagnetic radiation signal according to the above calibration data and circuit noise data
xb＝xi+E(xc)+E(xcs)+E(xSS) (4)
In the formula, xbAcquiring data, x, for the compensated electromagnetic radiation signaliAcquiring data for the pre-compensation electromagnetic radiation signal, E (x)c) To calibrate the mathematical expectation of the channel calibration data, E (x)cs) To calibrate the mathematical expectation of the circuit noise data for the channel, E (x)ss) Is a mathematical expectation of circuit noise data for the electromagnetic radiation detection channel.
Meanwhile, in order to reduce the influence of random noise during the detection of weak electromagnetic radiation signals and consider the real-time property of detection signals of the device, the invention adopts a digital mean value filtering technology, selects a proper filtering window N according to the real-time property requirement of the device, and takes the mean value in the window as a filtering result. And the detection of electromagnetic radiation signals at all times can be realized along with the movement of the window.
According to the invention, the data compensation is carried out on the electromagnetic radiation signal to be detected and the reference signal, so that the detection precision of the final electromagnetic radiation weak signal is improved.
In specific implementation, when the switch selection module is communicated with the electromagnetic radiation detection channel, the electromagnetic radiation signal to be detected acquired by the electromagnetic radiation detection module is further subjected to filtering processing through the first low-pass filter circuit.
According to the invention, the obtained electromagnetic radiation signal to be detected is subjected to filtering processing, so that interference signals in the obtained electromagnetic radiation signal to be detected are reduced, and the detection precision of the final electromagnetic radiation weak signal is improved.
In a specific implementation, the method comprises: and the processor transmits the detected electromagnetic radiation weak signals at each moment to the memory for real-time storage.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made without inventive efforts by those skilled in the art based on the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. An apparatus for detecting weak signals of electromagnetic radiation, comprising:
the electromagnetic radiation detection module is used for acquiring an electromagnetic radiation signal to be detected, converting the electromagnetic radiation signal into a differential signal taking a reference signal as a reference, and transmitting the differential signal to the processor through the signal conditioning module; and
the switch selection module is used for switching between the calibration channel and the electromagnetic radiation detection channel, and the output end of the switch selection module is connected with the signal conditioning module; on the electromagnetic radiation detection channel, the input end of the switch selection module is connected with the electromagnetic radiation detection module; on the calibration channel, the input end of the switch selection module is connected with the reference signal generation module; before measurement, firstly, a measurement channel is punched into a calibration channel for calibration, then, the measurement channel is punched into an electromagnetic radiation signal electromagnetic radiation detection channel for signal acquisition, and meanwhile, the calibration channel is used as a reference of the signal channel, so that the noise floor of equipment is reduced, and the detection sensitivity of the device is improved;
a first low-pass filter circuit is connected between the input end of the switch selection module and the electromagnetic radiation detection module in series, and is used for filtering the acquired electromagnetic radiation signal to be detected;
the processor is configured to: receiving the conditioned electromagnetic radiation signal to be detected and a reference signal, and detecting an electromagnetic radiation weak signal at each moment by using a digital mean filtering method; the method comprises the steps of collecting circuit noises of a signal electromagnetic radiation detection channel and a calibration channel in different temperature and humidity environments in advance, storing collected circuit noise data into a memory, and compensating a measurement result by using the circuit noise data, wherein the data compensation comprises calibration channel data compensation, calibration channel circuit noise data compensation and signal electromagnetic radiation detection channel circuit noise data compensation.
2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein before the weak electromagnetic radiation signal at each time is detected by using the digital mean filtering method, the processor is further configured to perform data compensation on the conditioned weak electromagnetic radiation signal to be detected and the reference signal.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the signal conditioning module comprises a second low pass filter circuit, a signal amplification circuit and an ADC conversion circuit connected in series.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said processor is further coupled to a memory.
5. A method for detecting a weak signal of electromagnetic radiation in an apparatus according to claim 1, comprising:
step 1: the switch selection module is communicated with the calibration channel, and the reference signal generated by the reference signal generation module is transmitted to the processor through the switch selection module and the signal conditioning module in sequence;
step 2: the switch selection module is communicated with the electromagnetic radiation detection channel, and the electromagnetic radiation signal to be detected acquired by the electromagnetic radiation detection module is converted into a differential signal taking the reference signal as a reference and is transmitted to the processor through the signal conditioning module;
and step 3: and the processor receives the conditioned electromagnetic radiation signal to be detected and the reference signal, and detects the electromagnetic radiation weak signal at each moment by using a digital mean value filtering method.
6. The method for detecting a weak electromagnetic radiation signal according to claim 5, wherein before detecting the weak electromagnetic radiation signal at each time in step 3 by using a digital mean filtering method, the method further comprises: and performing data compensation on the conditioned electromagnetic radiation signal to be detected and the conditioned reference signal.
7. The detecting method for the device of claim 5, wherein when the switch selecting module is connected to the electromagnetic radiation detecting channel, the electromagnetic radiation signal to be detected obtained by the electromagnetic radiation detecting module is further filtered by the first low-pass filter circuit.
8. A method for detecting a weak signal of electromagnetic radiation in an apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises: and the processor transmits the detected electromagnetic radiation weak signals at each moment to the memory for real-time storage.
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| CN103389126A (en) * | 2013-07-03 | 2013-11-13 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | Method and device for processing weak signals |
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| CN102122456B (en) * | 2011-02-24 | 2012-06-20 | 中山大学 | Digital phase-locked amplification experiment device for teaching experiment |
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| CN106405236A (en) * | 2016-10-27 | 2017-02-15 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Weak ripple and harmonic voltage detection device and method for direct-current voltage-stabilized power supply |
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| CN202110395U (en) * | 2011-01-28 | 2012-01-11 | 北京研华兴业电子科技有限公司 | Input device of analog signal |
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