CN112127993A

CN112127993A - Liquid hydrogen liquid oxygen direct injection piston type internal combustion power system

Info

Publication number: CN112127993A
Application number: CN202010819766.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 贾鹏
Original assignee: Shanghai Covapor Energy Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Shanghai Covapor Energy Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-08-14
Filing date: 2020-08-14
Publication date: 2020-12-25

Abstract

The application is applicable to new forms of energy engine technical field, provides a liquid hydrogen liquid oxygen direct injection piston type internal combustion power system, includes: the system comprises a hydrogen fuel engine, a magnesium hydride storage tank, a Kohlep unit, a circulating water tank, a liquid oxygen booster pump, a liquid hydrogen booster pump, a water delivery pump and a low-pressure hydrogen buffer tank. The liquid hydrogen liquid oxygen direct injection piston type internal combustion power system provided by the embodiment of the application is combined with a Kohlepu unit, the waste heat of the tail gas of an engine is fully utilized, the problem of the exhaust emission of the tail gas of the engine is thoroughly solved, the heat efficiency of the engine is improved, and the tail gas of the engine reaches zero emission. The liquid oxygen and the liquid hydrogen are used for combustion, the temperature is high, the pressure is high, the energy density is high, the power is high, but the volume is small, and the liquid hydrogen fuel is mainly used for flight equipment, ground mobile equipment and various vehicles. The device can be used for power generation and power output.

Description

Liquid hydrogen liquid oxygen direct injection piston type internal combustion power system

Technical Field

The application belongs to the technical field of new energy engines, and particularly relates to a liquid hydrogen, liquid oxygen and direct injection piston type internal combustion power system.

Background

Energy shortage, environmental pollution, global climate change, make it urgent to develop clean, efficient, safe and sustainable energy, in which hydrogen energy is being valued by more and more countries. The engine industry has developed rapidly into the twenty-first century, however, gasoline and diesel engines are still the major engine types for vehicles. Gasoline and diesel oil are non-renewable resources, in order to alleviate a series of negative effects caused by shortage of petroleum resources and reduce atmospheric pollution and exhaust emission of engines, alternative fuels of engines need to be found, and hydrogen energy is the most ideal clean fuel at present. With the stricter environmental protection measures in various countries in the world, hydrogen energy vehicles have become a key point in engine research and development due to the characteristics of energy conservation, low emission and the like, and have already begun to be commercialized.

The hydrogen is used as the fuel, and has the advantages that water is used as the raw material, so that the resource is rich; the heat emitted during combustion is large; the combustion product is water, is non-toxic and pollution-free, can be recycled, and is called as green energy. The hydrogen can be prepared in large quantity from the gasification of the electrolyzed water and the coal, and the engine does not need to be greatly modified, so the hydrogen energy power has wide application prospect. Three technical problems need to be solved for the promotion of hydrogen energy power: firstly, a large amount of cheap hydrogen is prepared, the traditional electrolysis method is expensive, consumes other resources and cannot be popularized; secondly, the problem of safe storage and transportation of hydrogen; and thirdly, a high-performance and inexpensive hydrogen supply system required for the engine. Meanwhile, the hydrogen energy is directly used on a power system to generate a series of problems of knocking, instability and the like which affect utilization, the high-pressure gas source which is used for pressurizing after mixing hydrogen with other gases including inert gases is a trend that the hydrogen energy is used as a substitute fuel of a new power system. Compared with a hydrogen fuel cell, the hydrogen internal combustion engine has high fuel cell cost, and the hydrogen internal combustion engine can be further perfected and improved on the basis of the traditional gasoline internal combustion engine to facilitate rapid popularization and industrialization.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a liquid hydrogen, liquid oxygen and direct injection piston type internal combustion power system, which fully utilizes the waste heat of the tail gas of an engine, solves the problem of tail emission of the engine, improves the thermal efficiency of the engine and ensures that the tail gas of the engine achieves zero emission.

The embodiment of the application provides a liquid hydrogen liquid oxygen direct injection piston type internal combustion power system, includes: the system comprises a hydrogen fuel engine, a magnesium hydride storage tank, a Kohlep unit, a circulating water tank, a liquid oxygen booster pump, a liquid hydrogen booster pump, a water delivery pump and a low-pressure hydrogen buffer tank. The hydrogen outlet of the magnesium hydride storage tank is provided with a hydrogen filtering membrane, and the circulating water tank and the water bottom shell of the hydrogen fuel engine are both provided with water outlets.

The hydrogen outlet of the magnesium hydride storage tank is connected with a low-pressure hydrogen buffer tank, and the outlet of the low-pressure hydrogen buffer tank is connected with the Kohler unit. The Kohlepu unit is used for preparing liquid hydrogen by utilizing hydrogen discharged from a magnesium hydride storage tank and is used for preparing liquid oxygen by utilizing air.

The first outlet of the Kohler unit is connected with a liquid oxygen nozzle of the hydrogen fuel engine through a liquid oxygen pressurizing pump. The second outlet of the Kohler pump unit is connected with a liquid hydrogen nozzle of the hydrogen fuel engine through a liquid hydrogen pressurizing pump. The third outlet of the Kohler unit is connected to the circulation tank. The first inlet of the Kohler unit is connected to the exhaust outlet of the hydrogen fueled engine. The Kohleps unit is also provided with a second inlet and a fourth outlet, the second inlet of the Kohleps unit is an air inlet, and the fourth outlet of the Kohleps unit is an exhaust gas vent.

The outlet of the circulating water tank is divided into three paths by a water delivery pump, the first path is circularly connected with the water bottom shell of the hydrogen fuel engine, the second path is connected with the inlet of the liquid oxygen booster pump by a tail gas condensate water circulating pipeline, and the third path is connected with the magnesium hydride storage tank by a magnesium hydride storage tank water replenishing pipeline.

In some embodiments of the present application, a Kohler unit includes a helium refrigeration unit and a superconducting energy storage device therein.

In some embodiments of the present application, the hydrogen fueled engine is a multi-cylinder high frequency engine or a single cylinder high frequency engine.

In some embodiments of the present application, the choler unit includes a liquid hydrogen production unit, a second air pre-cooling heat exchanger, an air purifier, a generator, a metal hydrogen storage material replacement device, an air-hydrogen heat exchanger, a hydrogen expander, a hydrogen heat exchanger, a liquid hydrogen pressurizing pump, a liquid hydrogen heat exchanger, a B1 metal hydrogen storage material reaction bed, a B2 metal hydrogen storage material reaction bed, a helium cold recoverer, a helium gas expander, a helium throttle valve, a liquid helium coil, a superconducting energy storage coil, a recovered helium compressor, a liquid oxygen production unit, and a first air pre-cooling heat exchanger.

The first hydrogen discharge outlet of the B1 metal hydrogen storage material reaction bed and the second hydrogen discharge outlet of the B2 metal hydrogen storage material reaction bed are respectively connected with the first hydrogen absorption inlet of the B1 metal hydrogen storage material reaction bed and the second hydrogen absorption inlet of the B2 metal hydrogen storage material reaction bed through a liquid hydrogen pressurizing pump and a shell side of a liquid hydrogen heat exchanger.

The first unabsorbed hydrogen outlet of the B1 metal hydrogen storage material reaction bed and the second unabsorbed hydrogen outlet of the B2 metal hydrogen storage material reaction bed are respectively connected with the inlet of the hydrogen expander through the shell side of the hydrogen heat exchanger and the shell side of the air-hydrogen heat exchanger. The first-stage expansion pumping hole of the hydrogen expander is connected with the second-stage expansion inlet of the hydrogen expander through the tube side of the hydrogen heat exchanger, and the second-stage expansion outlet of the hydrogen expander is connected with the first liquefaction inlet of the B1 metal hydrogen storage material reaction bed and the second liquefaction inlet of the B2 metal hydrogen storage material reaction bed through the tube side of the liquid hydrogen heat exchanger. The output shaft of the hydrogen expander is connected with the same shaft or different shafts of the generator, and the hydrogen expander drives the generator to generate electricity.

A normal-temperature hydrogen gas inlet and a normal-temperature hydrogen gas inlet enter a hydrogen gas heat exchange coil in an air hydrogen gas heat exchanger, an outlet of the hydrogen gas heat exchange coil is connected with a shell pass of a liquid hydrogen preparation unit, and a shell pass outlet of the liquid hydrogen preparation unit is connected with a liquid hydrogen outlet through a pipeline to output liquid hydrogen out of a Kohlepu unit.

Normal temperature air enters the air purifier through an air inlet, an outlet of the air purifier is connected with an air heat exchange coil in the air-hydrogen heat exchanger through a shell pass of the second air pre-cooling heat exchanger, and an outlet of the air heat exchange coil enters a shell pass of the liquid oxygen preparation unit through a tube pass of the first air pre-cooling heat exchanger. The first shell pass outlet positioned at the bottom of the liquid oxygen preparation unit is a liquid oxygen product outlet of the liquid oxygen preparation unit, and the first shell pass outlet of the liquid oxygen preparation unit is connected with the liquid oxygen outlet through a pipeline to output the liquid oxygen out of the Kohler unit. The top of the liquid oxygen preparation unit is provided with a second shell pass outlet, the second shell pass outlet of the liquid oxygen preparation unit is connected with a shell pass inlet of the first air pre-cooling heat exchanger, the shell pass outlet of the first air pre-cooling heat exchanger is connected with a tube pass of the second air pre-cooling heat exchanger, and the tube pass outlet of the second air pre-cooling heat exchanger is a nitrogen gas emptying port.

Circulating liquid helium in the tube pass of the liquid hydrogen preparation unit; the tube pass of the liquid hydrogen preparation unit is connected with the inlet of the helium gas expander through the tube pass of the liquid oxygen preparation unit, the recovered helium compressor and the helium cold recoverer, the outlet of the helium gas expander is connected with the inlet of the liquid helium coil through the helium throttle valve, and the outlet of the liquid helium coil is connected with the tube pass inlet of the liquid hydrogen preparation unit through the recovered helium compressor.

The generator circuit is connected with the helium recovery compressor and provides electric energy for the helium recovery compressor; the helium refrigeration unit refrigerates through a helium expander, and the obtained refrigeration capacity is sequentially used by the liquid helium coil, the liquid hydrogen preparation unit and the liquid oxygen preparation unit, so that the grading and multiple utilization of the refrigeration capacity of the liquid helium is realized.

And a superconducting energy storage coil in the superconducting energy storage device and a liquid helium coil in the helium refrigeration unit are both arranged in the shell of the power generation/electric integrated machine. The superconducting energy storage device is connected with a power regulator circuit, and the power regulator is connected with a power generation/electric integrated machine circuit. And a mechanical input shaft and a mechanical output shaft are respectively arranged at two ends of the power generation/electric integrated machine, and both the mechanical input shaft and the mechanical output shaft extend out of the heat insulation cover of the Koehyu unit.

In some embodiments of the present application, the operation of the helium refrigeration unit and the superconducting energy storage device in the kohlung unit is as follows:

the operation process of the helium refrigeration unit is as follows: high-pressure helium output by the recovered helium compressor is pre-cooled by a helium cold recoverer, then enters a helium expansion machine for further expansion and temperature reduction, and finally is throttled and expanded by a helium throttle valve to form low-temperature liquid helium. The liquid helium provides a low-temperature working environment for the superconducting energy storage coil through the liquid helium coil, and provides cold energy for the liquid hydrogen preparation unit to liquefy hydrogen. The liquid helium is converted into low-temperature helium after passing through the tube pass of the liquid hydrogen preparation unit, and the low-temperature helium continuously provides cold for the liquid oxygen preparation unit to liquefy oxygen.

The operation process of the superconducting energy storage device is as follows: the superconducting energy storage device cools the superconducting energy storage coil by using cold energy provided by the liquid helium coil, and the superconducting energy storage coil is kept to work at the working temperature of the superconducting energy storage coil, so that the superconducting energy storage coil is kept in a superconducting state to work to realize lossless energy storage. The power generation/electric integrated machine driven by the hydrogen fuel engine coaxially is in power connection with the superconducting energy storage device, and the generated power is supplied to the superconducting energy storage device for storage. The superconducting energy storage device may supply power to the outside when needed.

In some embodiments of the present application, the metallic hydrogen storage material added to the B1 metallic hydrogen storage material reaction bed and the B2 metallic hydrogen storage material reaction bed is a combination of metallic hydrogen storage materials with positive temperature correlation, which release heat when absorbing hydrogen gas at its hydrogen absorption state point and provide cold at low temperature when releasing hydrogen gas at its hydrogen release state point. The parameters of the hydrogen absorption/desorption state point and the working point of the metal hydrogen storage material can be adjusted at will according to the process requirements. The metal hydrogen storage material with positive temperature correlation is defined as absorbing high-pressure hydrogen at high temperature to emit high-temperature heat and emitting low-pressure hydrogen at low temperature to release low-temperature cold. Absorbing hydrogen gas to release high-temperature heat at high temperature, and utilizing the metal hydrogen storage material reaction bed to directly exchange heat to heat the hydrogen gas. The system at least has one negative pressure unit, or the negative pressure of the metal hydrogen storage material, or the negative pressure of hydrogen liquefaction, or the combination of the above negative pressures.

In some embodiments of the present application, a multi-cylinder high frequency engine includes a plurality of hydrogen combustion cylinders, a crankcase, a water sump, and exhaust passages. A crankshaft is arranged in the crankcase, and a water outlet is arranged on the water bottom shell.

The upper part and the lower part of each hydrogen combustion cylinder are respectively provided with a liquid hydrogen nozzle and a liquid oxygen nozzle. And a piston is arranged in each hydrogen combustion cylinder and is connected with the crankshaft through a connecting rod. One end of the crankshaft is coaxially connected with the power generation/electric integrated machine, and the other end of the crankshaft is provided with a flywheel. The tail gas discharged from the hydrogen combustion cylinder is collected to a tail gas outlet through an exhaust channel and then enters the Kohle pump unit.

In some embodiments of the present application, the hydrogen combustion cylinder of the single-cylinder high-frequency engine is divided into two parts which are independent from each other up and down by the piston, and the two parts of the hydrogen combustion cylinder are provided with the independent liquid hydrogen nozzle, the independent liquid oxygen nozzle, the independent exhaust port and the independent spark plug.

During the movement process of the piston from the top dead center to the bottom dead center of the hydrogen combustion cylinder, liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen are firstly sprayed into the upper part of the hydrogen combustion cylinder to perform combustion work, and then exhaust is performed. During the motion process of the piston from the bottom dead center to the top dead center of the hydrogen combustion cylinder, the lower part of the hydrogen combustion cylinder is sprayed with liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen for combustion to do work, and then exhaust is carried out.

The liquid hydrogen nozzle and the liquid oxygen nozzle on the upper part of the hydrogen combustion cylinder are opened when the piston reaches the top dead center of the hydrogen combustion cylinder, and the upper part exhaust port of the hydrogen combustion cylinder is opened at any position of the piston in the running process from the top dead center to the bottom dead center of the hydrogen combustion cylinder.

The opening of the liquid hydrogen nozzle and the liquid oxygen nozzle at the lower part of the hydrogen combustion cylinder is arranged when the piston reaches the bottom dead center of the hydrogen combustion cylinder, and the opening of the exhaust port at the lower part of the hydrogen combustion cylinder is arranged at any position of the piston in the running process from the bottom dead center to the top dead center of the hydrogen combustion cylinder.

In some embodiments of the present application, the operating steps of the multi-cylinder high-frequency engine are:

the method comprises the following steps: when the piston reaches the top dead center, the upper part of the cylinder carries out combustion work-doing stroke, and at the moment, the liquid hydrogen nozzle and the liquid oxygen nozzle on the upper part of the cylinder are opened to spray liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen. At the moment, the temperature in the upper part of the cylinder is higher than the ignition point of hydrogen, the sprayed liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen automatically combust to generate high-temperature and high-pressure water vapor, the piston is pushed to move downwards to expand to do work, and meanwhile, the exhaust valve at the lower part of the cylinder is opened, and the lower part of the cylinder starts to exhaust.

Step two: the piston moves downwards to a preset position away from the bottom dead center, an exhaust valve of the lower portion of the cylinder is closed, and the piston starts to compress residual water vapor in the lower portion of the cylinder under the action of inertia.

Step three: when the piston continues to run to the lower dead point of the cylinder, the water vapor in the upper part of the cylinder expands to a low-temperature and low-pressure state, and meanwhile, the water vapor in the lower part of the cylinder is compressed to a preset temperature and pressure state. At the moment, the combustion working stroke of the upper part of the cylinder is finished and is transferred to an exhaust compression stroke, and the exhaust compression stroke of the lower part of the cylinder is finished and is transferred to the combustion working stroke.

Step four: and opening a liquid hydrogen nozzle and a liquid oxygen nozzle at the lower part of the cylinder, and spraying liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen. At the moment, the temperature in the upper part of the cylinder is higher than the ignition point of hydrogen, the sprayed liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen automatically combust to generate high-temperature and high-pressure water vapor, the piston is pushed to move upwards to expand to do work, an exhaust valve on the upper part of the cylinder is opened, and the upper part of the cylinder separately starts to exhaust.

Step five: the piston moves upwards to a preset position away from the top dead center, an exhaust valve at the upper part of the cylinder is closed, and the piston starts to compress residual water vapor in the upper part of the cylinder under the action of inertia.

Step six: when the piston continues to run to the top dead center of the cylinder, the water vapor in the lower part of the cylinder expands to a low-temperature and low-pressure state, and meanwhile, the water vapor in the upper part of the cylinder is compressed to a preset temperature and pressure state. At the moment, the combustion working stroke of the lower part of the cylinder is finished and is transferred to an exhaust compression stroke, and the exhaust compression stroke of the upper part of the cylinder is finished and is transferred to the combustion working stroke. And at the moment, the cylinder repeats the step one work, and the operation is repeated in a reciprocating cycle.

In some embodiments of the present application, the location and communication module is provided on a thermally insulated enclosure of the kohlung unit. The positioning and communication module is used for feeding back the running information of the liquid hydrogen, liquid oxygen and direct injection piston type internal combustion power system and the vehicle with the liquid hydrogen, liquid oxygen and direct injection piston type internal combustion power system to the appointed receiving device in real time. The positioning and communication module is communicated with a direct-injection piston type internal combustion power system including but not limited to a satellite, a base station or other liquid hydrogen, liquid oxygen.

The embodiment of the application still provides another kind of liquid hydrogen liquid oxygen direct injection piston type internal combustion power system, includes: the system comprises a hydrogen fuel engine, a magnesium hydride storage tank, a Kohle pump unit, a circulating water tank, a liquid oxygen booster pump, a liquid hydrogen booster pump, a water delivery pump, an oxygen tank and a low-pressure hydrogen buffer tank.

A hydrogen outlet of the magnesium hydride storage tank is provided with a hydrogen filtering membrane, and the circulating water tank is provided with a water outlet. The Kohler unit is used for preparing liquid hydrogen by utilizing hydrogen discharged from the magnesium hydride storage tank and preparing liquid oxygen by utilizing oxygen output by the oxygen tank.

The hydrogen outlet of the magnesium hydride storage tank is connected with a low-pressure hydrogen buffer tank, and the outlet of the low-pressure hydrogen buffer tank is connected with the Kohler unit. The first outlet of the Kohler unit is connected with a liquid oxygen nozzle of the hydrogen fuel engine through a liquid oxygen pressurizing pump. And the second outlet of the Kohler pump unit is connected with a liquid hydrogen nozzle of the hydrogen fuel engine through a liquid hydrogen pressurizing pump. The first inlet of the Kohler unit is connected to an oxygen tank. The circulating water tank is divided into three paths by a water conveying pump, the first path is circularly connected with a water bottom shell of the hydrogen fuel engine, the second path is connected with an inlet of the liquid oxygen booster pump by a tail gas condensed water circulating pipeline, and the third path is connected with the magnesium hydride storage tank by a magnesium hydride storage tank water replenishing pipeline.

The liquid hydrogen liquid oxygen direct injection piston type internal combustion power system provided by the embodiment of the application is combined with a Kohlepu unit, the waste heat of the tail gas of an engine is fully utilized, the problem of tail emission of the engine is thoroughly solved, the heat efficiency of the engine is improved, and the tail gas of the engine reaches zero emission. The hydrogen fuel engine adopts a multi-cylinder high-frequency engine or a single-cylinder high-frequency engine, so that the diversity and the flexibility of the selection of the hydrogen fuel engine of the power system are improved, and the high-frequency engine has the characteristics of full oxygen, self-ignition, high frequency, self-protection, large fuel feeding amount and high frequency. The liquid oxygen and the liquid hydrogen are prepared through the Kohlepu unit in the power system, and then the liquid oxygen and the liquid hydrogen are used for combustion, so that the liquid oxygen and the liquid hydrogen combustion device has the advantages of high temperature, high pressure, high energy density, high power, small volume and the like, and is mainly used for flying equipment, ground mobile equipment and various vehicles. The device can be used for power generation and power output.

The invention utilizes the characteristic of hydrogen fuel cleanness and environmental protection as a process, and has more important significance that the system has higher Kohler coefficient, namely higher fuel supply and higher output power, and the whole system has smaller effective volume and effective weight. The invention can be used in various occasions and has various purposes; the device can be used in fixed places, mobile equipment and various vehicles; the device can be used for power generation and power output. Especially for vehicles, the conversion from a plane world to a three-dimensional world is easier to realize, ground walking vehicles are changed into air vehicles which operate in an air three-dimensional space, and the air vehicles utilizing the system are easier to break through the constraint of the earth and enter the outer space. And is also an effective tool against weapons of mass destruction where the energy density is extremely high.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without inventive exercise.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a power system of a liquid hydrogen, liquid oxygen, direct injection piston type internal combustion engine provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a six-cylinder high-frequency engine provided by an embodiment of the application;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a single-cylinder high-frequency engine provided by an embodiment of the application;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a power system of another liquid hydrogen, liquid oxygen, direct injection piston type internal combustion engine provided in the embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a Kilimps unit in the power system of the liquid-hydrogen, liquid-oxygen direct injection piston type internal combustion engine shown in FIG. 4;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another liquid hydrogen, liquid oxygen, direct injection piston type internal combustion engine power system provided in the embodiment of the present application.

Wherein, 1-magnesium hydride storage tank, 2-hydrogen filtering membrane, 3-Kohlepu unit, 4-magnesium hydride storage tank water supply line, 5-hydrogen combustion cylinder, 6-water bottom shell, 7-liquid oxygen pressure pump, 8-liquid hydrogen pressure pump, 9-water delivery pump, 10-low pressure hydrogen buffer tank, 12-exhaust channel, 13-liquid hydrogen nozzle, 14-tail gas outlet, 15-power generation/electric integrated machine, 151-mechanical input shaft, 152-mechanical output shaft, 16-water outlet, 17-helium refrigeration unit, 18-superconductive energy storage device, 19-tail gas condensate water circulation pipeline, 20-oxygen tank, 21-liquid hydrogen preparation unit, 211-liquid hydrogen outlet, 22-second air precooling heat exchanger, 221-nitrogen gas exhaust port, 23-air purifier, 231-air inlet, 24-generator, 25-hydrogen storage metal material replacing device, 26-hydrogen gas heat exchange coil, 216-hydrogen gas inlet, 26-normal temperature hydrogen gas exchanging coil, 2-hydrogen gas pre-cooling heat exchanger, 22-hydrogen pre-cooling heat exchanger, 23-nitrogen gas exhaust port, 27-air hydrogen heat exchanger, 28-air heat exchange coil, 29-hydrogen expander, 30-circulating water tank, 31-circulating cooling water line, 32-hydrogen heat exchanger, 33-shielding gas inlet, 34-liquid oxygen nozzle, 35-flammable gas alarm, 36-spark plug, 37-temperature regulator, 38-liquid hydrogen pressure pump, 39-liquid hydrogen heat exchanger, 43-piston, 44-connecting rod, 45-crankshaft, 55-B1 metal hydrogen storage material reaction bed, 56-B2 metal hydrogen storage material reaction bed, 57-first hydrogen absorption inlet, 58-first unabsorbed hydrogen outlet, 59-first hydrogen discharge outlet, 60-first liquefied inlet, 57 '-second hydrogen absorption inlet, 58' -second unabsorbed hydrogen outlet, 59 '-second hydrogen discharge outlet, 60' -second liquefied inlet, 67-helium cold, 68-helium expander, 69-helium throttle valve, 71-heat insulation cover, 71-helium recoverer, 72-liquid helium coil, 73-superconducting energy storage coil, 76-recovered helium compressor, 77-power regulator, 81-liquid oxygen preparation unit, 811-liquid oxygen outlet, 82-first air precooling heat exchanger, 83-heat exchange pipeline, and 84-positioning and communication module.

Detailed Description

In the following description, for purposes of explanation and not limitation, specific details are set forth, such as particular system structures, techniques, etc. in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the present application. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present application may be practiced in other embodiments that depart from these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, devices, circuits, and methods are omitted so as not to obscure the description of the present application with unnecessary detail.

In order to explain the technical solution described in the present application, the following description will be given by way of specific examples.

Example 1

The embodiment of the application provides a liquid hydrogen liquid oxygen direct injection piston type internal combustion power system, as shown in fig. 1, this system includes: a hydrogen fuel engine, a magnesium hydride storage tank 1, a Kohler unit 3, a circulating water tank 30, a liquid oxygen booster pump 7, a liquid hydrogen booster pump 8, a water delivery pump 9 and a low-pressure hydrogen buffer tank 10.

The hydrogen outlet of the magnesium hydride storage tank 1 is provided with a hydrogen filtering membrane 2, and the circulating water tank 30 and the underwater shell 6 of the hydrogen fuel engine are both provided with a water outlet 16.

The hydrogen outlet of the magnesium hydride storage tank 1 is connected to a low-pressure hydrogen buffer tank 10, and the outlet of the low-pressure hydrogen buffer tank 10 is connected to the kohlung unit 3. The coelom unit 3 is used for preparing liquid hydrogen by using hydrogen discharged from the magnesium hydride storage tank 1, and for preparing liquid oxygen by using air.

The first outlet of the kohler unit 3 is connected to the liquid oxygen nozzle 34 of the hydrogen fueled engine by a liquid oxygen booster pump 7. The second outlet of the kohler unit 3 is connected to the liquid hydrogen nozzle 13 of the hydrogen fuel engine via a liquid hydrogen booster pump 8. The third outlet of the come unit 3 is connected to a circulation tank 30. The first inlet of the colemanip unit 3 is connected to the exhaust gas outlet 14 of the hydrogen fuelled engine.

The kelipu unit 3 is further provided with a second inlet and a fourth outlet. The second inlet of the coanda unit 3 is an air inlet and the fourth outlet of the coanda unit 3 is an exhaust vent.

The outlet of the circulation tank 30 is divided into three paths by a water feed pump 9. The first path is circularly connected with a water bottom shell 6 of the hydrogen fuel engine, the second path is connected with an inlet of a liquid oxygen pressurizing pump 7 through a tail gas condensed water circulating pipeline 19, and the third path is connected with a magnesium hydride storage tank 1 through a magnesium hydride storage tank water replenishing pipeline 4.

According to actual needs, a heat exchange pipeline 83 can be arranged between the magnesium hydride storage tank 1 and the come pump unit 3, and reaction heat of the magnesium hydride storage tank 1 can be transmitted to the come pump unit 3 through the heat exchange pipeline 83 for reasonable utilization.

In practical application, a multi-cylinder high-frequency engine, such as a six-cylinder high-frequency engine, can be selected as the hydrogen fuel engine. Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a six-cylinder high-frequency engine provided in an embodiment of the present application.

As shown in fig. 2, the six-cylinder high-frequency engine includes six hydrogen combustion cylinders 5, a crankcase, a water bottom case 6, and an exhaust passage 12. A crankshaft 45 is arranged in the crankcase, and a water outlet 16 is arranged on the water bottom shell 6.

The upper and lower portions of each hydrogen combustion cylinder 5 are provided with a liquid hydrogen nozzle 13 and a liquid oxygen nozzle 34. The hydrogen combustion cylinders 5 are each provided therein with a piston 43, and the pistons 43 are connected to a crankshaft 45 via connecting rods 44. One end of the crankshaft 45 is coaxially connected with the power generation/electric integration machine 15, and the other end is provided with a flywheel. The exhaust gas discharged from the hydrogen combustion cylinder 5 is collected to an exhaust gas outlet 14 through an exhaust passage 12, and then enters the kohlepu unit 3.

Specifically, the present embodiment is described by taking a six-cylinder high-frequency engine with a total power of 333kw as an example:

the engine speed is 10000 rpm;

the effective volume (discharge capacity) of a single cylinder is 0.5L;

the diameter of the piston is 46 mm;

the piston stroke of a single stroke is 50 mm;

the compression allowance of the cylinder is 0.1 mm;

the upper and lower portions of each cylinder alternately perform an exhaust compression stroke and a combustion power stroke. When the upper part of the cylinder carries out a combustion working stroke, the lower part of the cylinder carries out an exhaust compression stroke; and after the combustion power stroke of the upper part of the cylinder is finished, converting the combustion power stroke into an exhaust compression stroke, and simultaneously, converting the exhaust compression stroke of the lower part of the cylinder into a combustion power stroke.

And a step of starting ignition of the cylinder:

when the motor is started to drive the piston to reach the top dead center (at the moment, the distance between the upper top surface of the piston and the upper plane of the cylinder cover is 0.1 mm), the upper part of the cylinder firstly carries out combustion working stroke, at the moment, the liquid hydrogen nozzle 13 and the liquid oxygen nozzle 34 on the upper part of the cylinder are opened, and 0.036ml of 30MPa liquid hydrogen and 0.017ml of 30MPa liquid oxygen are sprayed; then the spark plug 36 starts to ignite, liquid hydrogen liquid oxygen burns to generate water vapor at 2000MPa and 2500 ℃, the piston is pushed to move downwards to expand and do work, meanwhile, an exhaust valve at the lower part of the cylinder is opened, and the lower part of the cylinder starts to exhaust (the steps of starting ignition and normal operation are similar).

And (3) normal operation of the cylinder:

the method comprises the following steps: when the piston reaches the top dead center (at the moment, the distance between the upper top surface of the piston and the upper plane of the cylinder cover is 0.1 mm), the upper part of the cylinder carries out combustion working stroke, at the moment, a liquid hydrogen nozzle 13 and a liquid oxygen nozzle 34 on the upper part of the cylinder are opened, and 0.036ml of 30MPa liquid hydrogen and 0.017ml of 30MPa liquid oxygen are sprayed; because the internal temperature of the upper part of the cylinder is 870 ℃ and the pressure is 15MPa at this time, the sprayed liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen automatically burns to generate water vapor at 2000MPa and 2500 ℃, the piston is pushed to move downwards to expand and do work, and meanwhile, an exhaust valve of the lower part of the cylinder is opened, and the lower part of the cylinder starts to exhaust;

step two: the piston moves downwards to a position 5mm away from the bottom dead center, an exhaust valve at the lower part of the cylinder is closed, and the piston starts to compress residual water vapor in the lower part of the cylinder under the action of inertia;

step three: when the piston continues to run to the lower dead point of the cylinder (at the moment, the distance between the lower top surface of the piston and the lower plane of the cylinder cover is 0.1 mm), the water vapor in the upper part of the cylinder expands to 0.1MPa and 100 ℃, and meanwhile, the water vapor in the lower part of the cylinder is compressed to 15MPa and 870 ℃; at the moment, the combustion working stroke of the upper part of the cylinder is finished and is transferred to an exhaust compression stroke, and the exhaust compression stroke of the lower part of the cylinder is finished and is transferred to the combustion working stroke.

Step four: opening a liquid hydrogen nozzle 13 and a liquid oxygen nozzle 34 at the lower part of the cylinder, and spraying 0.036ml of 30MPa liquid hydrogen and 0.017ml of 30MPa liquid oxygen; because the internal temperature of the lower part of the cylinder is 870 ℃ and the pressure is 15MPa at this time, the sprayed liquid hydrogen, liquid oxygen and the like automatically combust to generate water vapor at 2000MPa and 2500 ℃, the piston is pushed to move upwards to expand and do work, meanwhile, an exhaust valve at the upper part of the cylinder is opened, and the upper part of the cylinder separately starts to exhaust;

step five: the piston moves upwards to a position 5mm away from the top dead center, an exhaust valve at the upper part of the cylinder is closed, and the piston starts to compress residual water vapor in the upper part of the cylinder under the action of inertia;

step six: when the piston continues to run to the top dead center of the cylinder (at the moment, the distance between the upper top surface of the piston and the upper plane of the cylinder cover is 0.1 mm), the water vapor in the lower part of the cylinder expands to 0.1MPa and 100 ℃, and meanwhile, the water vapor in the upper part of the cylinder is compressed to 15MPa and 870 ℃; at the moment, the combustion working stroke of the lower part of the cylinder is finished and is transferred to an exhaust compression stroke, and the exhaust compression stroke of the upper part of the cylinder is finished and is transferred to the combustion working stroke. And at the moment, the cylinder repeats the step one work, and the operation is repeated in a reciprocating cycle.

The operation mode of the liquid hydrogen liquid oxygen direct injection piston type internal combustion engine power system of the embodiment of the application is as follows:

the fuel hydrogen of the hydrogen fuel engine is sourced from a magnesium hydride storage tank 1, and magnesium hydride reacts with water to generate magnesium hydroxide and hydrogen: MgH₂ + 2H₂O = Mg（OH）₂ +2 H₂The reaction is carried out at 70 ℃ and normal pressure, the generated hydrogen is stored in a low-pressure hydrogen buffer tank 10, and the generated 70 ℃ reaction waste heat is recycled by the Kohler unit 3.

Normal temperature hydrogen is liquefied by a Kohlepu unit 3. The coerulepu unit 3 liquefies the hydrogen gas to produce liquid hydrogen. Air enters the Kolepu unit 3 after dust removal and purification, all nitrogen and part of oxygen are discharged, and the cold energy of the air is recovered, so that 99.999 percent of oxygen is prepared.

The metal hydrogen storage material of the embodiment is a metal hydrogen storage material combination with positive temperature correlation, the hydrogen absorption state point is-195 ℃ and 1.0MPa, the heat is released when hydrogen is absorbed, the hydrogen release state point is-252.5 ℃ and 0.3MPa, and the low-temperature cold quantity is provided when hydrogen is released. In order to improve the hydrogen absorption and desorption rate of the metal hydrogen storage material reaction bed, in actual work, the working pressure in the reaction bed is 2.6MPa when hydrogen is absorbed, and the working pressure in the reaction bed is 0.12MPa when hydrogen is desorbed. The parameters of the hydrogen absorption/desorption state point and the working point of the metal hydrogen storage material can be adjusted at will according to the process requirements. The metal hydrogen storage material with positive correlation of temperature is defined as absorbing high-pressure hydrogen at high temperature to release high-temperature heat and releasing low-pressure hydrogen at low temperature to release low-temperature cold; absorbing hydrogen to release high-temperature heat at high temperature, and directly exchanging heat by using a metal hydrogen storage material reaction bed to heat the hydrogen; the system at least has one negative pressure unit, or the negative pressure of the metal hydrogen storage material, or the negative pressure of hydrogen liquefaction, or the combination of the above negative pressures.

30MPa liquid oxygen pressurized by the liquid oxygen pressurizing pump 7 and 30MPa liquid hydrogen pressurized by the liquid hydrogen pressurizing pump 8 are sprayed into the hydrogen combustion cylinder 5, ignition of the cylinder is ignited by the spark plug 36 during starting, the liquid hydrogen and the liquid oxygen are rapidly gasified and reach the ignition temperature due to the original temperature of the hydrogen combustion cylinder 5 after starting, and the rapid combustion pressure reaches 2500 ℃ and 2000 MPa. The high-temperature and high-pressure water vapor pushes the piston to do work, tail gas with the temperature of 100 ℃ and the pressure of 0.1MPa enters the exhaust channel 12 after the work is done, the main component in the tail gas is the water vapor, the water vapor is allowed to contain excessive hydrogen, the tail gas enters the magnesium hydride storage tank 1 through the tail gas outlet 14 to recover the hydrogen in the magnesium hydride storage tank, meanwhile, the condensation heat of the tail gas water vapor is recovered, and the condensed water is discharged into the circulating water tank 30.

The hydrogen fuel engine in the embodiment of the application can also adopt a single-cylinder high-frequency engine and a single-stroke design. As shown in fig. 3, the hydrogen combustion cylinder 5 of the high-frequency engine is divided into two independent upper and lower parts by a piston 43, and the two independent liquid hydrogen nozzles 13, liquid oxygen nozzles 34, exhaust ports, and spark plugs 36 are provided in the upper and lower parts of the hydrogen combustion cylinder 5.

During the movement process of the piston 43 from the top dead center to the bottom dead center of the hydrogen combustion cylinder 5, liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen are injected into the upper part of the hydrogen combustion cylinder 5 to perform combustion work, and meanwhile, the lower part of the hydrogen combustion cylinder 5 performs exhaust. During the movement process of the piston 43 from the bottom dead center to the top dead center of the hydrogen combustion cylinder 5, the lower part of the hydrogen combustion cylinder 5 is also injected with liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen to perform combustion work, and the upper part performs exhaust simultaneously.

The opening of the liquid hydrogen nozzle 13 and the liquid oxygen nozzle 34 in the upper portion of the hydrogen combustion cylinder 5 is arranged before and after the piston 43 reaches the top dead center of the hydrogen combustion cylinder 5, and the opening of the upper portion exhaust port of the hydrogen combustion cylinder 5 is arranged at any position during the operation of the piston 43 from the top dead center to the bottom dead center of the hydrogen combustion cylinder 5.

The liquid hydrogen nozzle 13 and the liquid oxygen nozzle 34 in the lower portion of the hydrogen combustion cylinder 5 are opened before and after the piston 43 reaches the bottom dead center of the hydrogen combustion cylinder 5, and the exhaust port in the lower portion of the hydrogen combustion cylinder 5 is opened at any position during the operation of the piston 43 from the bottom dead center to the top dead center of the hydrogen combustion cylinder 5.

In order to reduce the stress of a connecting rod and a crankshaft, the following operation measures are not excluded, when the upper part of the hydrogen combustion cylinder 5 performs combustion work and the lower part exhausts, the exhaust pressure of the lower part is reduced to 0.1MPa, and the exhaust port of the lower part is immediately closed, so that the residual extremely small amount of gas of the lower part is compressed into high-pressure gas, the highest pressure is not more than 30MPa, and the effect of gas buffering is achieved; when the hydrogen combustion cylinder 5 is partially combusted to perform work. Excess hydrogen is allowed to increase the heat transfer effect.

Liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen are directly injected in the cylinder, and in order to prevent the combustion overtemperature from influencing the service life of the hydrogen combustion cylinder 5 and the piston 43, the reaction temperature is controlled by injecting excessive hydrogen for thick combustion. The operating temperature of a hydrogen fueled engine may be controlled by varying the fuel intake, exhaust gas time, and the oxygen to hydrogen ratio.

The added hydrogen fuel can be increased to 10-100% of the original proportion, on one hand, the excessive hydrogen can transfer heat quickly to prevent the hydrogen combustion cylinder 5 from being locally overheated, and on the other hand, the excessive hydrogen can take away heat to prevent the temperature of the hydrogen after combustion from being too high. The piston 43 is operated at an increased speed due to the increase of fuel, the hydrogen combustion cylinder 5 is in a high-temperature state after work is done, and the temperature in the cylinder is rapidly reduced by the liquid oxygen and the liquid hydrogen added in the next cycle, so that the parts can be prevented from being damaged by the self-protection measure. The water delivery pump 9 is connected with the inlet of the liquid oxygen pressurizing pump 7 through a tail gas condensate water circulating pipeline 19, and can enter the hydrogen combustion cylinder 5 together with liquid oxygen to supplement water and cool the hydrogen combustion cylinder. As long as the mechanical parts can be effectively protected from being damaged, water is not added as far as possible, and hydrogen is not excessive as far as possible.

The high-frequency engine has the advantages of full oxygen, self-ignition, high-temperature and high-pressure emission of tail gas, high frequency, full recovery of condensation heat, self-protection, high fuel feed rate, high Kohler coefficient and the like. The performance of high frequency engines is evaluated using the kohlepu coefficient, which is the quotient of the engine power divided by the product of the effective volume and the effective weight of the engine. The coeruleus coefficient of this example is 2523 kw/(kg.m)³）。

And condensed water obtained after condensation of engine tail gas is filled into a crankcase of the water bottom shell 6 to cool the crankshaft, the connecting rod and the piston. The whole hydrogen internal combustion engine power system has light unit weight, small unit volume and high energy density, and the fuel can be stored and used at normal pressure, so that the hydrogen internal combustion engine power system is safe and convenient. The engine may be ignited by spark plug 36 when cold and by itself when warm.

Furthermore, a helium refrigeration unit 17 and a superconducting energy storage device 18 may be added to the Kohlepu unit 3, as shown in FIG. 4. Fig. 5 shows the detailed structure and composition of the above-described choleps unit 3.

As shown in fig. 5, the choler unit 3 includes a liquid hydrogen preparation unit 21, a second air pre-cooling heat exchanger 22, an air purifier 23, a generator 24, a metal hydrogen storage material replacement device 25, an air-hydrogen heat exchanger 27, a hydrogen expander 29, a hydrogen heat exchanger 32, a liquid hydrogen pressurizing pump 38, a liquid hydrogen heat exchanger 39, a B1 metal hydrogen storage material reaction bed 55, a B2 metal hydrogen storage material reaction bed 56, a helium cold recoverer 67, a helium expander 68, a helium throttle 69, a liquid helium coil 72, a superconducting energy storage coil 73, a recovered helium compressor 76, a liquid oxygen preparation unit 81, and a first air pre-cooling heat exchanger 82.

The B1 metallic hydrogen storage material reaction bed 55 is provided with a first hydrogen absorption inlet 57, a first unabsorbed hydrogen outlet 58, a first liquefaction inlet 60 and a first hydrogen discharge outlet 59; the B2 metallic hydrogen storage material reaction bed 56 is provided with a second hydrogen absorption inlet 57 ', a second unabsorbed hydrogen outlet 58', a second liquefaction inlet 60 'and a second hydrogen discharge outlet 59'.

The first hydrogen discharge outlet 59 of the B1 metal hydrogen storage material reaction bed 55 and the second hydrogen discharge outlet 59 'of the B2 metal hydrogen storage material reaction bed 56 are respectively connected with the first hydrogen absorption inlet 27 of the B1 metal hydrogen storage material reaction bed 55 and the second hydrogen absorption inlet 57' of the B2 metal hydrogen storage material reaction bed 56 through the shell side of the liquid hydrogen pressurizing pump 38 and the liquid hydrogen heat exchanger 39.

The first unabsorbed hydrogen outlet 58 of the B1 metal hydrogen storage material reaction bed 55 and the second unabsorbed hydrogen outlet 58' of the B2 metal hydrogen storage material reaction bed 56 are respectively connected with the inlet of the hydrogen expander 29 through the shell side of the hydrogen heat exchanger 32 and the shell side of the air-hydrogen heat exchanger 27; the primary expansion pumping hole of the hydrogen expander 29 is connected with the secondary expansion inlet of the hydrogen expander 29 through the tube pass of the hydrogen heat exchanger 32, and the secondary expansion outlet of the hydrogen expander 29 is respectively connected with the first liquefaction inlet 60 of the B1 metal hydrogen storage material reaction bed 55 and the second liquefaction inlet 60' of the B2 metal hydrogen storage material reaction bed 56 through the tube pass of the liquid-hydrogen heat exchanger 39; the output shaft of the hydrogen expander 29 is connected to the generator 24 coaxially or non-coaxially, and the hydrogen expander 29 drives the generator 24 to generate electricity.

The normal temperature hydrogen and the normal temperature hydrogen inlet 261 enter the hydrogen heat exchange coil 26 in the air-hydrogen heat exchanger 27, the outlet of the hydrogen heat exchange coil 26 is connected with the shell pass of the liquid hydrogen preparation unit 21, the shell pass outlet of the liquid hydrogen preparation unit 21 is connected with the liquid hydrogen outlet 211 through a pipeline, and the liquid hydrogen is output from the Kohlepu unit 3.

Normal temperature air enters the air purifier 23 through an air inlet 231, an outlet of the air purifier 23 is connected with an air heat exchange coil 28 in the air-hydrogen heat exchanger 27 through a shell pass of the second air pre-cooling heat exchanger 22, and an outlet of the air heat exchange coil 28 enters a shell pass of the liquid oxygen preparation unit 81 through a tube pass of the first air pre-cooling heat exchanger 82; the first shell-side outlet at the bottom of the liquid oxygen preparation unit 81 is the liquid oxygen product outlet of the liquid oxygen preparation unit 81, and the first shell-side outlet of the liquid oxygen preparation unit 81 is connected with the liquid oxygen outlet 811 through a pipeline to output the liquid oxygen out of the Kohlehem pump unit 3. A second shell-side outlet is arranged at the top of the liquid oxygen preparation unit 81, the second shell-side outlet of the liquid oxygen preparation unit 81 is connected with a shell-side inlet of the first air pre-cooling heat exchanger 82, the shell-side outlet of the first air pre-cooling heat exchanger 82 is connected with a tube side of the second air pre-cooling heat exchanger 22, and the tube side outlet of the second air pre-cooling heat exchanger 22 is a nitrogen gas vent 221.

The liquid oxygen preparation unit 81 can also generate waste gas mainly containing nitrogen while preparing liquid oxygen, and the waste gas also carries cold energy, and the waste of the cold energy can be caused if the waste gas is directly emptied. In order to reasonably use the cold energy of the waste gas, a second shell-side outlet may be disposed at the top of the liquid oxygen preparation unit 81, and the waste gas is connected to the shell-side inlet of the first air pre-cooling heat exchanger 82 through the second shell-side outlet of the liquid oxygen preparation unit 81. The exhaust gas may be pre-cooled by air in the tube side of first air pre-cooling heat exchanger 82 through the shell side of first air pre-cooling heat exchanger 82. The waste gas after heat exchange is connected with the tube pass of the second air pre-cooling heat exchanger 22 through the shell pass outlet of the first air pre-cooling heat exchanger 82, and the normal temperature air is cooled in the second air pre-cooling heat exchanger 22. The tube side outlet of the second air pre-cooling heat exchanger 22 is connected to a nitrogen evacuation port 221, and nitrogen generated after liquid oxygen is prepared from air is finally discharged out of the kohleu pump unit 3. The nitrogen gas may be filled in the heat insulating cover 71 to serve as a shielding gas for the Kohlep unit 3. The insulating cover 71 of the Kohlepu unit 3 can be provided with a combustible gas alarm 35 and a shielding gas inlet 33, and the shielding gas inlet 33 is provided with a valve. The gas filled in the heat insulating cover 71 is nitrogen, and other gases such as hydrogen and helium are not excluded. The heat insulation cover 71 and all pipelines are provided with internal heat preservation, external heat preservation or internal and external heat preservation, the pressure in the heat insulation cover 71 is 0.11MPa, and the temperature is 20 ℃. A temperature regulator (37) may be further provided on the heat insulating cover 71, and the environment inside the heat insulating cover 71 may be kept at a constant temperature by the temperature regulator (37).

In addition, a positioning and communication module 84 can be arranged on the heat insulation cover 71, and the positioning and communication module 84 can feed back the operation information of the liquid hydrogen, liquid oxygen and direct injection piston type internal combustion power system provided by the embodiment of the application and the operation information of a vehicle provided with the power system to a specified receiving device in real time.

Liquid helium is circulated in the tube side of the liquid hydrogen production unit 21. The tube side of the liquid hydrogen preparation unit 21 is connected with the inlet of the helium gas expander 68 through the tube side of the liquid oxygen preparation unit 81, the recovered helium compressor 76 and the helium cold recoverer 67, the outlet of the helium gas expander 68 is connected with the inlet of the liquid helium coil 72 through the helium throttle valve 69, and the outlet of the liquid helium coil 72 is connected with the tube side inlet of the liquid hydrogen preparation unit 21 through the recovered helium compressor 76.

The generator 24 is electrically connected with the helium recovery compressor 76 and provides electric energy for the helium recovery compressor 76; the helium refrigeration unit 17 refrigerates through the helium expander 68, and the obtained refrigeration capacity is sequentially used by the liquid helium coil 72, the liquid hydrogen preparation unit 21 and the liquid oxygen preparation unit 81, so that the liquid helium refrigeration capacity is utilized for multiple times in a grading manner.

The superconducting energy storage coil 73 in the superconducting energy storage device 18 and the liquid helium coil 72 in the helium refrigeration unit 17 are both arranged in the shell of the integrated power generation/motor machine 15. The superconducting energy storage device 18 is electrically connected to a power regulator 77, and the power regulator 77 is electrically connected to the integrated generator/motor 15. The two ends of the integrated generator/motor 15 are respectively provided with a mechanical input shaft 151 and a mechanical output shaft 152, and the mechanical input shaft 151 and the mechanical output shaft 152 both extend out of the heat insulation cover 71 of the kohlung pump unit 3. The specific working procedures of the B1 metal hydrogen storage material reaction bed 55 and the B2 metal hydrogen storage material reaction bed 56 are as follows:

b1 the metal hydrogen storage material B of the metal hydrogen storage material reaction bed 55 absorbs heat and releases 0.12MPa liquid hydrogen at the temperature of-252.5 ℃, the hydrogen release rate is 2.5g/s, meanwhile, 40.6g/s of hydrogen gas at the secondary expansion outlet of the hydrogen expander 29 enters the B1 metal hydrogen storage material reaction bed 55 to be completely condensed into-252.5 ℃ liquid hydrogen after heat exchange at-242 ℃ and 0.12 MPa; liquid hydrogen with the temperature of-252.5 ℃ and the pressure of 0.12MPa is compressed to 2.6MPa, -251.3 ℃ by a liquid hydrogen pressure pump 38, and the flow rate is 43.1 g/s; the liquid hydrogen at the outlet of the liquid hydrogen pressure pump 38 and the temperature of 2.6MPa and-251.3 ℃ exchanges heat with the hydrogen in the tube pass of the liquid hydrogen heat exchanger 39, the temperature is raised to-245.9 ℃ for gasification, the hydrogen at the temperature of-245.9 ℃ and the temperature of 2.6MPa enters from a second hydrogen absorption inlet 57 'of the B2 metal hydrogen storage material reaction bed 56, wherein 2.5g/s of the hydrogen is absorbed by the B2 metal hydrogen storage material reaction bed 56, the rest 40.6g/s of the hydrogen absorbs the hydrogen absorption reaction heat of the B2 metal hydrogen storage material reaction bed 56 and then is further raised to-224 ℃, the hydrogen at the temperature of-224 ℃, 2.6MPa and 40.6g/s is sent from a second unabsorbed hydrogen outlet 58' of the B2 metal hydrogen storage material reaction bed 56 to the hydrogen heat exchanger 32 to exchange heat with the hydrogen from a primary expansion outlet of the hydrogen expander 29 and then is raised to-198.8 ℃, and then enters the air hydrogen heat exchanger 27 to exchange heat with the air and hydrogen at normal temperature to-160, the circulating hydrogen after heat exchange enters a hydrogen expander 29 to do work and generate power, the hydrogen at the primary expansion outlet of the hydrogen expander 29 is sent to the tube pass heat exchange of a hydrogen heat exchanger 32 at the temperature of minus 188.7 ℃ and is cooled to minus 222 ℃, and then the hydrogen is sent back to the secondary expansion inlet of the hydrogen expander 29 to continue to do work and generate power, and finally the hydrogen at the secondary expansion outlet of the hydrogen expander 29 is cooled to minus 242 ℃ through a liquid hydrogen heat exchanger 39 and is sent to a first liquefaction inlet 60 of a B1 metal hydrogen storage material reaction bed 55 to be cooled and liquefied; when the B1 metallic hydrogen storage material reaction bed 55 finishes discharging hydrogen and the B2 metallic hydrogen storage material reaction bed 56 finishes absorbing hydrogen, the two are switched to absorbing/discharging hydrogen. After the switching, the B2 metallic hydrogen storage material reactor bed 56 has a similar workflow as the B1 metallic hydrogen storage material reactor bed 55.

The hydrogen expander 29 and liquid hydrogen booster pump 38 may be replaced by a compressor and work machine including, but not limited to, a piezoelectric device. The heat source of the air-hydrogen heat exchanger 27 includes, but is not limited to, any medium which is higher than the inlet temperature of the hydrogen expander 29, and may be normal temperature air, or other low temperature medium, and may output low temperature cold energy to the outside.

The B1 metallic hydrogen storage material reactor bed 55 and the B2 metallic hydrogen storage material reactor bed 56 are alternately operated for hydrogen absorption/desorption, and are switched for one cycle each time alternately, for example: in either cycle, the B1 metallic hydrogen storage material reactor bed 55 is undergoing a hydrogen absorption operation and the B2 metallic hydrogen storage material reactor bed 56 is undergoing a hydrogen desorption operation; then in the next cycle the B1 metallic hydrogen storage material reactor bed 55 switches to the discharge operation and the B2 metallic hydrogen storage material reactor bed 56 switches to the hydrogen absorption operation. The cooling and heating requirements of the B1 metallic hydrogen storage material reactor bed 55 and the B2 metallic hydrogen storage material reactor bed 56 in preparation for switching between at the end of each cycle are provided by the hydrogen evolution reaction and the hydrogen absorption reaction, respectively.

The B1 metal hydrogen storage material reactor bed 55 and the B2 metal hydrogen storage material reactor bed 56 are used for cooling and liquefying hydrogen gas entering from the hydrogen inlet when hydrogen is discharged and absorbed at low temperature and low pressure. The B1 metal hydrogen storage material reaction bed 55 and the B2 metal hydrogen storage material reaction bed 56 are used for heating the hydrogen gas entering from the hydrogen-absorbing inlet when absorbing hydrogen and releasing heat at relatively high temperature and high pressure. The liquid hydrogen vaporizer 54 is used for the cold/heat balance between the B1 metallic hydrogen storage material reactant bed 55 and the B2 metallic hydrogen storage material reactant bed 56 during hydrogen absorption and desorption.

In one embodiment, the metallic hydrogen storage material is filled in the B1 metallic hydrogen storage material reaction bed 55 and the B2 metallic hydrogen storage material reaction bed 56 in the same amount, and the filling amount is allowed to be the same and different, and the hydrogen absorption/desorption operation is performed alternately by switching the valve. The amount of the metal hydrogen storage material filled in the single metal hydrogen storage material reaction bed is allowed to have redundancy, so that the hydrogen absorbing and releasing rate at each time can meet the requirement of rapid high-low pressure switching, and the redundancy equivalent multiple can be adjusted according to the process conditions (1-time redundancy equivalent refers to the minimum amount of the metal hydrogen storage material required when the metal hydrogen storage material is saturated by absorbing hydrogen at a time in the whole complete process cycle).

The specific operation of the helium refrigeration unit 17 and the superconducting energy storage device 18 in the kohlrab unit 3 is shown in fig. 5:

(1) the operation of the helium refrigeration unit 17 in the coleptor unit 3 is as follows: high-pressure helium gas output by the recovered helium compressor 76 is pre-cooled by a helium cold recoverer 67, then enters a helium gas expansion machine 68 for further expansion and temperature reduction, and finally is throttled and expanded by a helium throttle valve 69 to form low-temperature liquid helium. The liquid helium provides a low temperature working environment for the superconducting energy storage coil 73 through the liquid helium coil 72 and provides cold energy for the liquid hydrogen preparation unit 21 to liquefy hydrogen. The liquid helium is converted into low-temperature helium gas after passing through the tube pass of the liquid hydrogen preparation unit 21, and the low-temperature helium gas continues to provide cold energy for the liquid oxygen preparation unit 81 to liquefy oxygen.

(2) The operation process of the superconducting energy storage device 18 in the kohler unit 3 is as follows: the superconducting energy storage device 18 utilizes the cold energy provided by the liquid helium coil 72 to cool the superconducting energy storage coil 73, and the superconducting energy storage coil 73 is kept to work at the working temperature of 4.2K, so that the superconducting energy storage coil is kept in a superconducting state to work to realize lossless energy storage. The power generation/electric integration machine 15 coaxially driven by the hydrogen fuel engine is electrically connected with the superconducting energy storage device 18, and the generated power is supplied to the superconducting energy storage device 18 for storage. The superconducting energy storage device 18 may supply power to the outside when needed.

The operation mode of the power system of the liquid hydrogen, liquid oxygen and direct injection piston type internal combustion engine shown in fig. 4 is as follows:

the fuel hydrogen of the hydrogen fuel engine is sourced from a magnesium hydride storage tank 1, and magnesium hydride reacts with water to generate magnesium hydroxide and hydrogen: MgH₂ + 2H₂O = Mg（OH）₂ +2 H₂The reaction is carried out at 70 ℃ and normal pressure, the generated hydrogen is stored in a low-pressure hydrogen buffer tank 10, and the generated 70 ℃ reaction waste heat is recycled by the Kohler unit 3. Normal temperature hydrogen is liquefied by a Kohlepu unit 3. The hydrogen fuel engine can be supplied with liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen, or gaseous hydrogen and gaseous oxygen.

The Kohlepu unit 3 comprises a liquid oxygen production unit, a liquid hydrogen production unit, a helium refrigeration unit 17 and a superconducting energy storage device 18, and has 167kW of power. The air enters a liquid oxygen production unit of the Kohlepu unit 3 after dust removal and purification, and liquid oxygen with the purity of 99.999 percent is prepared by utilizing the cold energy of liquid helium or low-temperature helium. Similarly, the normal temperature hydrogen enters the liquid hydrogen production unit of the Kohlepu unit 3, and the cold energy of the liquid helium is utilized to prepare the liquid hydrogen. The helium refrigeration unit 17 generates liquid helium with the temperature of 4.2K, and the liquid helium with the temperature of 4.2K is supplied to the superconducting energy storage device 18 to be used as a cold source. The superconducting energy storage device 18 can always work at 4.2K under 4.2K of helium cooling to realize superconducting lossless energy storage. Helium is recycled in the helium refrigeration unit 17.

30MPa liquid oxygen pressurized by the liquid oxygen pressurizing pump 7 and 30MPa liquid hydrogen pressurized by the liquid hydrogen pressurizing pump 8 are sprayed into the hydrogen combustion cylinder 5, ignition of the cylinder is ignited by the spark plug 36 during starting, the liquid hydrogen and the liquid oxygen are rapidly gasified and reach the ignition and combustion temperature due to the original temperature of the hydrogen combustion cylinder 5 after starting, and the rapid combustion pressure reaches 2500 ℃ and 2000 MPa. The high-temperature and high-pressure water vapor pushes the piston to do work, tail gas with the temperature of 100 ℃ and the pressure of 0.1MPa enters the exhaust channel 12 after the work is done, the main component in the tail gas is the water vapor, excessive hydrogen is allowed to exist, the tail gas enters the magnesium hydride storage tank 1 through the tail gas outlet 14 to recover the hydrogen in the magnesium hydride storage tank, meanwhile, the condensation heat of the tail gas water vapor is recovered, and the condensed water is discharged into the circulating water tank 30. The hydrogen combustion cylinder 5 coaxially drives the power generation/electric integration machine 15, and the generated electric power is stored by the superconducting energy storage device 18.

Lubrication of the various operating components of a hydrogen fueled engine may take a variety of forms, such as lubricating oil, lubricant, gas lubrication, water lubrication with added lubricant, or any combination of the foregoing. Including but not limited to the following: the water with or without lubricant in the water bottom shell lubricates the piston under the action of the crankshaft; the lubricating oil can be maintained and injected regularly by adopting closed oil lubrication; lubricating medium is lubricated by adopting a closed medium and is periodically maintained and injected; water lubrication or water added with a lubricant can also be adopted for lubrication; the piston ring adopts graphite material self-lubricating or other carbon-containing materials or metal materials or non-metal materials for self-lubricating; the cylinder wall is coated or embedded with graphite material or other carbon-containing material or metal material or nonmetal material. When water lubrication is adopted, the hydrogen-oxygen combustion process of the hydrogen fuel engine avoids the participation of engine oil, and no VOC is discharged in tail gas.

Gas lubrication or water lubrication is adopted among a piston ring, a piston and a hydrogen combustion cylinder wall, one mode is that a plurality of fine pipelines with the outlet directions respectively vertical upwards and vertical downwards are arranged in the radial direction of the piston ring or the piston, and the fine pipelines are connected with a gas, liquid or solid source pipeline led out from the interior of the piston from the opening of the piston ring or the piston; the other form is that a plurality of fine pipelines which are connected with gas, liquid or solid source pipelines and have the outlet directions of vertical upward and vertical downward are arranged on the wall of the hydrogen combustion cylinder, and the fine pipelines are controlled to be opened or closed according to the stroke of a piston ring; or any combination of the above. The lubricating medium adopted among the piston ring, the piston and the hydrogen combustion cylinder wall is hydrogen, oxygen, water or water vapor with lubricant, micro-powder ice particles with or without lubricant, or the combination of two or more of the lubricating media, and the outlet direction of the piston ring, the piston and the hydrogen combustion cylinder wall can also be vertical to spray out the lubricating medium. In actual work, the composite form of the self-lubricating, the water-lubricating, the hydrogen direct injection lubricating and other various lubricating can be adopted. The conventional lubrication mode can be adopted for each running part of the hydrogen fuel engine, including oil pan lubrication and an engine oil system, and the conventional lubrication mode can also be adopted between a piston ring, a piston and a hydrogen combustion cylinder wall, but the environment protection index is low, and the discharged pollutants are more.

The pipeline connecting each device and unit in the whole hydrogen internal combustion engine power system can be provided with internal heat preservation or external heat preservation or internal and external heat preservation measures. The internal combustion engine power system of the invention belongs to single stroke, has four times of work capacity of a common four-stroke hydrogen fuel engine, uses liquid oxygen and liquid hydrogen for combustion, has high temperature, high pressure, high energy density, large power and small volume, is mainly used for flight equipment, can also be used for ground mobile equipment and can also be used for various vehicles. The device can be used for power generation and power output.

Example 2

The embodiment of the present application further provides another liquid hydrogen, liquid oxygen, direct injection piston type internal combustion power system, as shown in fig. 6, the system includes: the system comprises a hydrogen fuel engine, a magnesium hydride storage tank 1, a Kohle pump unit 3, a circulating water tank 30, a liquid oxygen booster pump 7, a liquid hydrogen booster pump 8, a water delivery pump 9, an oxygen tank 20 and a low-pressure hydrogen buffer tank 10. The hydrogen outlet of the magnesium hydride storage tank 1 is provided with a hydrogen filtering membrane 2, and the circulating water tank 30 is provided with a water outlet 16. The Kohler unit 3 is used for preparing liquid hydrogen by using the hydrogen discharged from the magnesium hydride storage tank 1 and for preparing liquid oxygen by using the oxygen output from the oxygen tank 20.

The hydrogen outlet of the magnesium hydride storage tank 1 is connected to a low-pressure hydrogen buffer tank 10, and the outlet of the low-pressure hydrogen buffer tank 10 is connected to the kohlung unit 3. The first outlet of the kohler unit 3 is connected to the liquid oxygen nozzle 34 of the hydrogen fueled engine by a liquid oxygen booster pump 7. The second outlet of the kohler unit 3 is connected to the liquid hydrogen injector 13 of the hydrogen fuelled engine via a liquid hydrogen booster pump 8. The first inlet of the come unit 3 is connected to an oxygen tank 20. The circulating water tank 30 is divided into three paths by a water delivery pump 9, the first path is in circulating connection with a water bottom shell 6 of the hydrogen fuel engine, the second path is connected with an inlet of a liquid oxygen pressurizing pump 7 by a tail gas condensed water circulating pipeline 19, and the third path is connected with a magnesium hydride storage tank 1 by a magnesium hydride storage tank water replenishing pipeline 4.

The Kohlepu unit 3 produces liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen, which are sourced from hydrogen and oxygen in the low-pressure hydrogen buffer tank 10 and the oxygen tank 20, and the liquid hydrogen and the liquid oxygen are produced by cold condensation through absorbing and releasing hydrogen at low temperature by metal hydride.

30MPa liquid oxygen pressurized by the liquid oxygen pressurizing pump 7 and 30MPa liquid hydrogen pressurized by the liquid hydrogen pressurizing pump 8 are sprayed into the hydrogen combustion cylinder 5 of the hydrogen fuel engine, ignition is started and ignited by the spark plug 36, after the ignition is started, the liquid hydrogen and the liquid oxygen are rapidly gasified and reach the ignition and ignition temperature due to the original temperature of the hydrogen combustion cylinder 5, and the rapid combustion pressure reaches 1500 ℃ and 2000 MPa. The high-temperature and high-pressure water vapor pushes the piston 43 to do work, and the water vapor with the temperature of 180 ℃ and the pressure of 1MPa is ejected from the exhaust port of the engine after the work is done. High-temperature and high-pressure energy generated by liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen combustion firstly applies work through a piston type hydrogen combustion cylinder, and tail gas with certain pressure after expansion and application work is discharged at a high speed from an exhaust port to generate a reaction force to push the flight equipment to operate. The other processes of this example are the same as those of example 1.

The system is mainly used for space equipment, can work in a vacuum environment and generates powerful power. The device can also be used for ground mobile equipment and various vehicles. The device can be used for power generation and power output.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a liquid hydrogen liquid oxygen direct injection piston type internal combustion power system which characterized in that includes:

the system comprises a hydrogen fuel engine, a magnesium hydride storage tank (1), a Kohle pump unit (3), a circulating water tank (30), a liquid oxygen pressure pump (7), a liquid hydrogen pressure pump (8), a water delivery pump (9) and a low-pressure hydrogen buffer tank (10);

a hydrogen filtering membrane (2) is arranged at a hydrogen outlet of the magnesium hydride storage tank (1), and a water outlet (16) is formed in each of the circulating water tank (30) and the water bottom shell (6) of the hydrogen fuel engine;

the hydrogen outlet of the magnesium hydride storage tank (1) is connected with the low-pressure hydrogen buffer tank (10), and the outlet of the low-pressure hydrogen buffer tank (10) is connected with the Kohler unit (3); the Kohlepu unit (3) is used for preparing liquid hydrogen by utilizing the hydrogen discharged from the magnesium hydride storage tank (1) and preparing liquid oxygen by utilizing air;

a first outlet of the Kohler unit (3) is connected with a liquid oxygen nozzle (34) of the hydrogen fuel engine through the liquid oxygen booster pump (7); a second outlet of the Kohler unit (3) is connected with a liquid hydrogen nozzle (13) of the hydrogen fuel engine through the liquid hydrogen pressurizing pump (8); a third outlet of the Kohler unit (3) is connected with the circulating water tank (30); the first inlet of the Kohler unit (3) is connected with the exhaust gas outlet (14) of the hydrogen fuel engine; the Kohleps unit (3) is also provided with a second inlet and a fourth outlet, the second inlet of the Kohleps unit (3) is an air inlet, and the fourth outlet of the Kohleps unit (3) is an exhaust gas vent;

the outlet of the circulating water tank (30) is divided into three paths through the water conveying pump (9), the first path is in circulating connection with a water bottom shell (6) of the hydrogen fuel engine, the second path is connected with the inlet of the liquid oxygen pressurizing pump (7) through a tail gas condensate water circulating pipeline (19), and the third path is connected with the magnesium hydride storage tank (1) through a magnesium hydride storage tank water replenishing pipeline (4).

2. The system according to claim 1, wherein the kohler unit (3) comprises a helium refrigeration unit (17) and a superconducting energy storage device (18).

3. The system of claim 1, wherein the hydrogen-fueled engine is a device including but not limited to a multi-cylinder high-frequency engine or a single-cylinder high-frequency engine, and other devices capable of converting hydrogen-fueled combustion into power.

4. The liquid hydrogen, liquid oxygen and direct injection piston type internal combustion power system as claimed in claim 3, wherein the Kohlepu unit (3) comprises a liquid hydrogen preparation unit (21), a second air pre-cooling heat exchanger (22), an air purifier (23), a generator (24), a metal hydrogen storage material replacement device (25), an air-hydrogen heat exchanger (27), a hydrogen expander (29), a hydrogen heat exchanger (32), a liquid hydrogen pressurizing pump (38), a liquid hydrogen heat exchanger (39), a B1 metal hydrogen storage material reaction bed (55), a B2 metal hydrogen storage material reaction bed (56), a helium cold recoverer (67), a helium expander (68), a helium throttle valve (69), a liquid helium coil (72), a superconducting energy storage coil (73), a recovery compressor (76), a liquid oxygen preparation unit (81) and a first air pre-cooling heat exchanger (82);

the first hydrogen discharge outlet (59) of the B1 metal hydrogen storage material reaction bed (55) and the second hydrogen discharge outlet (59 ') of the B2 metal hydrogen storage material reaction bed (56) are respectively connected with the first hydrogen absorption inlet (27) of the B1 metal hydrogen storage material reaction bed (55) and the second hydrogen absorption inlet (57') of the B2 metal hydrogen storage material reaction bed (56) through a liquid hydrogen booster pump (38) and the shell side of a liquid hydrogen heat exchanger (39);

the first unabsorbed hydrogen outlet (58) of the B1 metal hydrogen storage material reaction bed (55) and the second unabsorbed hydrogen outlet (58') of the B2 metal hydrogen storage material reaction bed (56) are respectively connected with the inlet of the hydrogen expander (29) through the shell side of the hydrogen heat exchanger (32) and the shell side of the air-hydrogen heat exchanger (27); a primary expansion pumping hole of the hydrogen expander (29) is connected with a secondary expansion inlet of the hydrogen expander (29) through a tube pass of the hydrogen heat exchanger (32), and a secondary expansion outlet of the hydrogen expander (29) is respectively connected with a first liquefaction inlet (60) of the B1 metal hydrogen storage material reaction bed (55) and a second liquefaction inlet (60') of the B2 metal hydrogen storage material reaction bed (56) through a tube pass of the liquid-hydrogen heat exchanger (39); the output shaft of the hydrogen expansion machine (29) is connected with the same shaft or different shafts of the generator (24), and the hydrogen expansion machine (29) drives the generator (24) to generate electricity;

normal-temperature hydrogen enters a hydrogen heat exchange coil (26) in an air hydrogen heat exchanger (27) through a normal-temperature hydrogen inlet (216), the outlet of the hydrogen heat exchange coil (26) is connected with the shell side of a liquid hydrogen preparation unit (21), the shell side outlet of the liquid hydrogen preparation unit (21) is connected with a liquid hydrogen outlet (211) through a pipeline, and the liquid hydrogen is output from a Kohlepu unit (3);

normal temperature air enters an air purifier (23) through an air inlet (231), an outlet of the air purifier (23) is connected with an air heat exchange coil (28) in an air-hydrogen heat exchanger (27) through a shell pass of a second air pre-cooling heat exchanger (22), and an outlet of the air heat exchange coil (28) enters a shell pass of a liquid oxygen preparation unit (81) through a tube pass of a first air pre-cooling heat exchanger (82); a first shell pass outlet positioned at the bottom of the liquid oxygen preparation unit (81) is a liquid oxygen product outlet of the liquid oxygen preparation unit (81), and the first shell pass outlet of the liquid oxygen preparation unit (81) is connected with a liquid oxygen outlet (811) through a pipeline to output liquid oxygen out of the Kohlepu unit (3); a second shell-side outlet is arranged at the top of the liquid oxygen preparation unit (81), the second shell-side outlet of the liquid oxygen preparation unit (81) is connected with a shell-side inlet of the first air pre-cooling heat exchanger (82), the shell-side outlet of the first air pre-cooling heat exchanger (82) is connected with a tube side of the second air pre-cooling heat exchanger (22), and the tube-side outlet of the second air pre-cooling heat exchanger (22) is a nitrogen gas vent (221);

circulating liquid helium in the tube pass of the liquid hydrogen preparation unit (21); the tube side of the liquid hydrogen preparation unit (21) is connected with the inlet of a helium expansion machine (68) through the tube side of a liquid oxygen preparation unit (81), a recovered helium compressor (76) and a helium cold recoverer (67), the outlet of the helium expansion machine (68) is connected with the inlet of a liquid helium coil (72) through a helium throttle valve (69), and the outlet of the liquid helium coil (72) is connected with the tube side inlet of the liquid hydrogen preparation unit (21) through the recovered helium compressor (76);

the generator (24) is electrically connected with the helium recovery compressor (76) and provides electric energy for the helium recovery compressor (76); the helium refrigeration unit (17) refrigerates through a helium expander (68), and the obtained refrigeration capacity is sequentially used by a liquid helium coil (72), a liquid hydrogen preparation unit (21) and a liquid oxygen preparation unit (81), so that the liquid helium refrigeration capacity is utilized for multiple times in a grading manner;

a superconducting energy storage coil (73) in the superconducting energy storage device (18) and a liquid helium coil (72) in the helium refrigeration unit (17) are arranged in the shell of the power generation/electric integrated machine (15); the superconducting energy storage device (18) is in circuit connection with a power regulator (77), and the power regulator (77) is in circuit connection with the power generation/electric integrated machine (15); the two ends of the power generation/electric motor integrated machine (15) are respectively provided with a mechanical input shaft (151) and a mechanical output shaft (152), and the mechanical input shaft (151) and the mechanical output shaft (152) both extend out of a heat insulation cover (71) of the Kohlet pump unit (3).

5. The liquid hydrogen, liquid oxygen and direct injection piston type internal combustion power system as claimed in claim 4, wherein the operation process of the helium refrigeration unit (17) and the superconducting energy storage device (18) in the Kohler unit (3) is as follows:

the operation process of the helium refrigeration unit (17) is as follows: high-pressure helium gas output by a recovered helium compressor (76) is pre-cooled by a helium cold recoverer (67), then enters a helium gas expansion machine (68) for further expansion and temperature reduction, and finally is throttled and expanded by a helium throttle valve (69) to form low-temperature liquid helium; the liquid helium provides a low-temperature working environment for the superconducting energy storage coil (73) through the liquid helium coil (72) and provides cold energy for the liquid hydrogen preparation unit (21) to liquefy hydrogen; the liquid helium is converted into low-temperature helium after passing through the tube pass of the liquid hydrogen preparation unit (21), and the low-temperature helium continuously provides cold energy for the liquid oxygen preparation unit (81) to liquefy oxygen;

the operation process of the superconducting energy storage device (18) is as follows: the superconducting energy storage device (18) cools the superconducting energy storage coil (73) by using cold energy provided by the liquid helium coil (72), and the superconducting energy storage coil (73) is kept to work at the working temperature, so that the superconducting energy storage coil is kept in a superconducting state to work to realize lossless energy storage; the power generation/electric integrated machine (15) coaxially driven by the hydrogen fuel engine is electrically connected with the superconducting energy storage device (18), and the generated power is supplied to the superconducting energy storage device (18) for storage; the superconducting energy storage device (18) can supply power to the outside when necessary.

6. The liquid hydrogen, liquid oxygen and direct injection piston type internal combustion power system as claimed in claim 5, wherein the metal hydrogen storage materials added in the B1 metal hydrogen storage material reaction bed (55) and the B2 metal hydrogen storage material reaction bed (56) are a combination of metal hydrogen storage materials with positive temperature correlation, and release heat when absorbing hydrogen gas at the hydrogen absorption state point and provide cold at low temperature when releasing hydrogen gas at the hydrogen release state point; the parameters of the hydrogen absorption/desorption state point and the working point of the metal hydrogen storage material can be adjusted at will according to the process requirement; the metal hydrogen storage material with positive correlation of temperature is defined as absorbing high-pressure hydrogen at high temperature to release high-temperature heat and releasing low-pressure hydrogen at low temperature to release low-temperature cold; absorbing hydrogen to release high-temperature heat at high temperature, and directly exchanging heat by using a metal hydrogen storage material reaction bed to heat the hydrogen; the system at least has one negative pressure unit, or the negative pressure of the metal hydrogen storage material, or the negative pressure of hydrogen liquefaction, or the combination of the above negative pressures.

7. The liquid hydrogen, liquid oxygen, direct injection piston type internal combustion power system according to claim 3, characterized in that the multi-cylinder high frequency engine comprises a plurality of hydrogen combustion cylinders (5), a crankcase, a water bottom shell (6) and an exhaust channel (12); a crankshaft (45) is arranged in the crankcase, and the water bottom shell (6) is provided with a water outlet (16);

the upper part and the lower part of each hydrogen combustion cylinder (5) are provided with a liquid hydrogen nozzle (13) and a liquid oxygen nozzle (34); a piston (43) is arranged in each hydrogen combustion cylinder (5), and the piston (43) is connected with a crankshaft (45) through a connecting rod (44); one end of the crankshaft (45) is coaxially connected with the power generation/electric integrated machine (15), and the other end is provided with a flywheel; the tail gas discharged from the hydrogen combustion cylinder (5) is collected to a tail gas outlet (14) through the exhaust channel (12) and then enters the Kohlepu unit (3).

8. The liquid hydrogen, liquid oxygen and direct injection piston type internal combustion power system as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the hydrogen combustion cylinder (5) of the single-cylinder high-frequency engine is divided into two parts which are independent from each other up and down by a piston (43), and the two parts of the hydrogen combustion cylinder (5) are provided with the independent liquid hydrogen nozzle (13), the liquid oxygen nozzle (34), the exhaust port and the spark plug (36);

in the motion process of the piston (43) from the top dead center to the bottom dead center of the hydrogen combustion cylinder (5), liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen are firstly injected into the upper part of the hydrogen combustion cylinder (5) to perform combustion work, and then exhaust is performed; in the motion process of the piston (43) from the bottom dead center to the top dead center of the hydrogen combustion cylinder (5), liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen are injected into the lower part of the hydrogen combustion cylinder (5) to do combustion work, and then exhaust is carried out;

the liquid hydrogen nozzle (13) and the liquid oxygen nozzle (34) on the upper part of the hydrogen combustion cylinder (5) are opened when the piston (43) reaches the top dead center of the hydrogen combustion cylinder (5), and the upper part exhaust port of the hydrogen combustion cylinder (5) is opened at any position of the piston (43) in the operation process from the top dead center to the bottom dead center of the hydrogen combustion cylinder (5);

the opening of the liquid hydrogen nozzle (13) and the liquid oxygen nozzle (34) at the lower part of the hydrogen combustion cylinder (5) is arranged when the piston (43) reaches the bottom dead center of the hydrogen combustion cylinder (5), and the opening of the exhaust port at the lower part of the hydrogen combustion cylinder (5) is arranged at any position of the piston (43) in the operation process from the bottom dead center to the top dead center of the hydrogen combustion cylinder (5).

9. The liquid hydrogen, liquid oxygen and direct injection piston type internal combustion power system according to claim 7, wherein the operation steps of the multi-cylinder high-frequency engine are as follows:

the method comprises the following steps: when the piston reaches a top dead center, the upper part of the cylinder carries out a combustion working stroke, and at the moment, a liquid hydrogen nozzle (13) and a liquid oxygen nozzle (34) on the upper part of the cylinder are opened to spray liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen; because the temperature in the upper part of the cylinder is higher than the ignition point of hydrogen at the moment, the sprayed liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen automatically combust to generate high-temperature and high-pressure water vapor, the piston is pushed to move downwards to expand to do work, and meanwhile, an exhaust valve at the lower part of the cylinder is opened, and the lower part of the cylinder starts to exhaust;

step two: the piston moves downwards to a preset position away from the bottom dead center, an exhaust valve of the lower part of the cylinder is closed, and the piston starts to compress residual water vapor in the lower part of the cylinder under the action of inertia;

step three: when the piston continues to run to the lower dead point of the cylinder, the water vapor in the upper part of the cylinder expands to a low-temperature and low-pressure state, and meanwhile, the water vapor in the lower part of the cylinder is compressed to a preset temperature and pressure state; at the moment, the combustion working stroke of the upper part of the cylinder is finished and is transferred to an exhaust compression stroke, and the exhaust compression stroke of the lower part of the cylinder is finished and is transferred to the combustion working stroke;

step four: opening a liquid hydrogen nozzle (13) and a liquid oxygen nozzle (34) at the lower part of the cylinder, and spraying liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen; because the temperature in the upper part of the cylinder is higher than the ignition point of hydrogen at the moment, the sprayed liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen automatically combust to generate high-temperature and high-pressure water vapor, the piston is pushed to move upwards to expand to do work, and meanwhile, an exhaust valve on the upper part of the cylinder is opened, and the upper part of the cylinder separately starts to exhaust;

step five: the piston moves upwards to a preset position away from the top dead center, an exhaust valve at the upper part of the cylinder is closed, and the piston starts to compress residual water vapor in the upper part of the cylinder under the action of inertia;

step six: when the piston continues to operate to the top dead center of the cylinder, the water vapor in the lower part of the cylinder expands to a low-temperature and low-pressure state, and meanwhile, the water vapor in the upper part of the cylinder is compressed to a preset temperature and pressure state; at the moment, the combustion working stroke of the lower part of the cylinder is finished and is transferred to an exhaust compression stroke, and the exhaust compression stroke of the upper part of the cylinder is finished and is transferred to a combustion working stroke; and at the moment, the cylinder repeats the step one work, and the operation is repeated in a reciprocating cycle.

10. The system according to claim 4, characterized in that a positioning and communication module (84) is provided on the heat-insulating cover (71) of the Kohlepu unit (3); the positioning and communication module (84) is used for feeding back the operation information of the liquid hydrogen, liquid oxygen and direct injection piston type internal combustion power system and a vehicle provided with the liquid hydrogen, liquid oxygen and direct injection piston type internal combustion power system to a specified receiving device in real time;

the positioning and communication module (84) communicates with internal combustion power systems including, but not limited to, satellites, base stations, or other liquid hydrogen, liquid oxygen direct injection pistons.

11. The utility model provides a liquid hydrogen liquid oxygen direct injection piston type internal combustion power system which characterized in that includes: the system comprises a hydrogen fuel engine, a magnesium hydride storage tank (1), a Kohle pump unit (3), a circulating water tank (30), a liquid oxygen pressure pump (7), a liquid hydrogen pressure pump (8), a water delivery pump (9), an oxygen tank (20) and a low-pressure hydrogen buffer tank (10);

a hydrogen filtering membrane (2) is arranged at a hydrogen outlet of the magnesium hydride storage tank (1), and a water outlet (16) is arranged on the circulating water tank (30); the Kohler unit (3) is used for preparing liquid hydrogen by utilizing the hydrogen discharged from the magnesium hydride storage tank (1) and preparing liquid oxygen by utilizing the oxygen output from the oxygen tank (20);

the hydrogen outlet of the magnesium hydride storage tank (1) is connected with the low-pressure hydrogen buffer tank (10), and the outlet of the low-pressure hydrogen buffer tank (10) is connected with the Kohler unit (3); a first outlet of the Kohler unit (3) is connected with a liquid oxygen nozzle (34) of the hydrogen fuel engine through a liquid oxygen booster pump (7); a second outlet of the Kohler unit (3) is connected with a liquid hydrogen nozzle (13) of the hydrogen fuel engine through a liquid hydrogen pressurizing pump (8); the first inlet of the Kohler unit (3) is connected with the oxygen tank (20); the circulating water tank (30) is divided into three paths through a water conveying pump (9), the first path is in circulating connection with a water bottom shell (6) of the hydrogen fuel engine, the second path is connected with an inlet of the liquid oxygen pressurizing pump (7) through a tail gas condensate water circulating pipeline (19), and the third path is connected with the magnesium hydride storage tank (1) through a magnesium hydride storage tank water replenishing pipeline (4).