CN112126821A - 一种用于动力电池铝塑膜铝箔的加工方法 - Google Patents
一种用于动力电池铝塑膜铝箔的加工方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000733 Li alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001989 lithium alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/40—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling foils which present special problems, e.g. because of thinness
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于动力电池铝塑膜铝箔的加工方法,本发明将铝合金板与金属添加材料投放至熔炼炉中进行熔炼,然后加入金属锆粉,二次熔炼,得到铝熔体;向铝熔体中加入氧化硅,搅拌均匀后经铸轧机铸轧,通过铸轧辊将熔体铸轧成铸轧卷;采用多辊可逆式轧机对铸轧卷进行往复多道冷轧;将冷轧卷进行中间退火;退火后经多道精轧制成铝箔卷。本发明通过调整合金中各个元素的比例关系,同时通过两次熔炼、铸轧、冷轧、退火和精轧工艺进行制备铝箔,本发明制备得到的铝箔延展性能好,同时能够有效控制铝箔厚度均匀性和表面致密性,同时本发明采用铸轧法进行加工,能够省去常规生产工艺中的铸锭、热轧复合等复杂工艺过程,节能降耗。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及铝箔加工技术领域,具体的涉及一种用于动力电池铝塑膜铝箔的加工方法。
背景技术
“锂电池”,是一类由锂金属或锂合金为正/负极材料、使用非水电解质溶液的电池。其具有能量高、使用寿命长、重量轻、温度适应性强、绿色环保等优点,被广泛应用于手机、笔记本电脑、电动汽车等电子领域。
铝塑膜铝箔是封装软包锂电池的重要材料,对软包电池的质量起着至关重要的作用。由于锂电池的特性,锂离子电池用铝箔工作环境比较苛刻,在使用过程中,正极材料中接触面积最大的铝箔受热最大,铝箔在热循环后要求仍能保持较好的拉伸强度与其他的力学性能。
目前我国锂电池铝塑膜用铝箔产品的性能,只有极少数企业的几项技术指标可达到外国企业的水平,锂电池铝塑膜用铝箔要求尺寸精度高,冲深性能和延伸率较高,铝箔表面色泽均匀、干净、无腐蚀痕﹑无色差﹑无擦划伤﹑无横纹等质量缺陷。然而现有方案均无法同时解决铝箔延展性、表面致密性和内应力的问题。
因此提供一种具有较好延展性和表面致密性以及能消除内应力的用于动力电池铝塑膜铝箔的加工方法是本领域技术人员亟需解决的技术问题。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明提供了一种能消除内应力且具有较好力学性能的用于动力电池铝塑膜铝箔的加工方法。
为了实现上述目的,本发明采用如下技术方案:一种用于动力电池铝塑膜铝箔的加工方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将铝合金板与金属添加材料投放至熔炼炉中进行熔炼,然后向熔炼炉中加入金属锆粉,进行二次熔炼,得到铝熔体;
(2)向铝熔体中加入氧化硅,搅拌均匀后经铸轧机铸轧,通过铸轧辊将熔体铸轧成厚度4-6mm的铸轧卷,铸轧温度620-650℃,铸轧速度700-800mm/min;
(3)采用多辊可逆式轧机对铸轧卷进行往复多道冷轧至厚度0.3-0.5mm;
(4)将步骤(3)中的冷轧卷进行中间退火,退火时采用耐高温铝箔胶带对冷轧卷封口;
(5)将退火后的轧卷经多道精轧制成厚度0.012-0.015mm的铝箔卷。
优选的,上述步骤(1)中铝合金板为8系列双零O态铝合金。
更优选的,上述铝合金板为8系列双零O态铝合金为8079合金或8021合金。
采用上述优选的有益效果在于:本发明采用的合金具有高量的铁与硅,其具有较好的伸长率和抗拉性能。
优选的,上述步骤(1)中所述金属添加材料包括Fe、Cu、Mn、Mg、Zn、Cr、Ti;
铝合金板与Fe、Cu、Mn、Mg、Zn、Cr、Ti的质量比为100:1.2-1.5:0.05-0.1:0.03-0.08:0.01-0.02:0.03-0.08:0.03-0.08:0.03-0.08。
采用上述优先的有益效果在于:本发明通过调整合金中各个元素的比例有效提高了制备铝箔的伸长率和表面致密性。
优选的,上述步骤(1)中金属锆粉与铝合金板的质量比为0.1-0.15:100。
采用上述优先的有益效果在于:本发明向合金中加入少量金属锆粉能够在提高铝箔延展性的同时,提高铝箔的均匀性和致密性。
优选的,上述步骤(1)两次熔炼的温度均为650-720℃。
优选的,上述步骤(3)中冷轧次数为3-5次。
更优选的,冷轧过程中采用高级醇作为润滑油。
采用上述优选的有益效果在于:本发明采用的高级醇不会对铝箔产生粘连,易于去除。
优选的,上述步骤(4)中间退火温度为300-320℃,退火时间为3-5h。
采用上述优选的有益效果在于:通过对退火工艺控制达到有效除油、不产生粘连,进一步增强铝箔延展性、表面致密性并消除内应力。
本发明有益效果在于:本发明通过调整合金中各个元素的比例关系,同时通过两次熔炼、铸轧、冷轧、退火和精轧工艺进行制备铝箔,本发明制备得到的铝箔延展性能好,同时能够有效控制铝箔厚度均匀性和表面致密性,同时本发明采用铸轧法进行加工,能够省去常规生产工艺中的铸锭、热轧开坯、组坯焊接、热轧复合等复杂工艺过程,节能降耗。
具体实施方式
下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
一种用于动力电池铝塑膜铝箔:
(1)将8079铝合金板与金属添加材料投放至熔炼炉中650℃下进行熔炼,然后向熔炼炉中加入金属锆粉,720℃下进行二次熔炼,得到铝熔体;
铝合金板与Fe、Cu、Mn、Mg、Zn、Cr、Ti的质量比为100:1.2:0.05:0.08:0.02:0.03:0.08:0.08;
金属锆粉与铝合金板的质量比为0.1:100;
(2)向铝熔体中加入氧化硅,搅拌均匀后经铸轧机铸轧,通过铸轧辊将熔体铸轧成厚度6mm的铸轧卷,铸轧温度650℃,铸轧速度700mm/min;
(3)采用多辊可逆式轧机对铸轧卷进行往复多道冷轧3次至厚度0.5mm,冷轧过程中采用高级醇作为润滑油;
(4)将步骤(3)中的冷轧卷进行中间退火,中间退火温度为320℃,退火时间为3h,退火时采用耐高温铝箔胶带对冷轧卷封口;
(5)将退火后的轧卷经多道精轧制成厚度0.015mm的铝箔卷。
实施例2
一种用于动力电池铝塑膜铝箔:
(1)将8021铝合金板与金属添加材料投放至熔炼炉中720℃下进行熔炼,然后向熔炼炉中加入金属锆粉,650℃下进行二次熔炼,得到铝熔体;
铝合金板与Fe、Cu、Mn、Mg、Zn、Cr、Ti的质量比为100:1.5:0.1:0.03:0.01:0.08:0.03:0.03;
金属锆粉与铝合金板的质量比为0.15:100;
(2)向铝熔体中加入氧化硅,搅拌均匀后经铸轧机铸轧,通过铸轧辊将熔体铸轧成厚度4mm的铸轧卷,铸轧温度620℃,铸轧速度800mm/min;
(3)采用多辊可逆式轧机对铸轧卷进行往复多道冷轧5次至厚度0.3mm,冷轧过程中采用高级醇作为润滑油;
(4)将步骤(3)中的冷轧卷进行中间退火,中间退火温度为300℃,退火时间为5h,退火时采用耐高温铝箔胶带对冷轧卷封口;
(5)将退火后的轧卷经多道精轧制成厚度0.012mm的铝箔卷。
实施例3
一种用于动力电池铝塑膜铝箔:
(1)将8021铝合金板与金属添加材料投放至熔炼炉中700℃下进行熔炼,然后向熔炼炉中加入金属锆粉,700℃下进行二次熔炼,得到铝熔体;
铝合金板与Fe、Cu、Mn、Mg、Zn、Cr、Ti的质量比为100:1.3:0.08:0.05:0.01:0.05:0.04:0.04;
金属锆粉与铝合金板的质量比为0.12:100;
(2)向铝熔体中加入氧化硅,搅拌均匀后经铸轧机铸轧,通过铸轧辊将熔体铸轧成厚度5mm的铸轧卷,铸轧温度630℃,铸轧速度750mm/min;
(3)采用多辊可逆式轧机对铸轧卷进行往复多道冷轧4次至厚度0.4mm,冷轧过程中采用高级醇作为润滑油;
(4)将步骤(3)中的冷轧卷进行中间退火,中间退火温度为300℃,退火时间为4h,退火时采用耐高温铝箔胶带对冷轧卷封口;
(5)将退火后的轧卷经多道精轧制成厚度0.013mm的铝箔卷。
实施例4
一种用于动力电池铝塑膜铝箔:
(1)将8079铝合金板与金属添加材料投放至熔炼炉中680℃下进行熔炼,然后向熔炼炉中加入金属锆粉,700℃下进行二次熔炼,得到铝熔体;
铝合金板与Fe、Cu、Mn、Mg、Zn、Cr、Ti的质量比为100:1.4:0.06:0.04:0.02:0.06:0.04:0.08;
金属锆粉与铝合金板的质量比为0.13:100;
(2)向铝熔体中加入氧化硅,搅拌均匀后经铸轧机铸轧,通过铸轧辊将熔体铸轧成厚度4mm的铸轧卷,铸轧温度650℃,铸轧速度720mm/min;
(3)采用多辊可逆式轧机对铸轧卷进行往复多道冷轧5次至厚度0.3mm,冷轧过程中采用高级醇作为润滑油;
(4)将步骤(3)中的冷轧卷进行中间退火,中间退火温度为320℃,退火时间为4h,退火时采用耐高温铝箔胶带对冷轧卷封口;
(5)将退火后的轧卷经多道精轧制成厚度0.013mm的铝箔卷。
实施例5
一种用于动力电池铝塑膜铝箔:
(1)将8021铝合金板与金属添加材料投放至熔炼炉中720℃下进行熔炼,然后向熔炼炉中加入金属锆粉,700℃下进行二次熔炼,得到铝熔体;
铝合金板与Fe、Cu、Mn、Mg、Zn、Cr、Ti的质量比为100:1.5:0.05:0.06:0.02:0.04:0.08:0.04;
金属锆粉与铝合金板的质量比为0.12:100;
(2)向铝熔体中加入氧化硅,搅拌均匀后经铸轧机铸轧,通过铸轧辊将熔体铸轧成厚度4mm的铸轧卷,铸轧温度650℃,铸轧速度800mm/min;
(3)采用多辊可逆式轧机对铸轧卷进行往复多道冷轧3次至厚度0.4mm,冷轧过程中采用高级醇作为润滑油;
(4)将步骤(3)中的冷轧卷进行中间退火,中间退火温度为320℃,退火时间为3h,退火时采用耐高温铝箔胶带对冷轧卷封口;
(5)将退火后的轧卷经多道精轧制成厚度0.012mm的铝箔卷。
试验例1
对本发明实施例1-5制得的铝箔进行典型测试,测试结果指标如表1所示,测试结果表示本法实施例1-5制得的铝箔均能够达到相应指标。
表1
对本发明实施例1-5制得的铝箔进行机械性能详细数据测试,测试结果如表2所示。
表2
本说明书中各个实施例采用递进的方式描述,每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处,各个实施例之间相同相似部分互相参见即可。
对所公开的实施例的上述说明,使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的,本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下,在其它实施例中实现。因此,本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例,而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。
Claims (9)
1.一种用于动力电池铝塑膜铝箔的加工方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)将铝合金板与金属添加材料投放至熔炼炉中进行熔炼,然后向熔炼炉中加入金属锆粉,进行二次熔炼,得到铝熔体;
(2)向铝熔体中加入氧化硅,搅拌均匀后经铸轧机铸轧,通过铸轧辊将熔体铸轧成厚度4-6mm的铸轧卷,铸轧温度620-650℃,铸轧速度700-800mm/min;
(3)采用多辊可逆式轧机对铸轧卷进行往复多道冷轧至厚度0.3-0.5mm;
(4)将步骤(3)中的冷轧卷进行中间退火,退火时采用耐高温铝箔胶带对冷轧卷封口;
(5)将退火后的轧卷经多道精轧制成厚度0.012-0.015mm的铝箔卷。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种用于动力电池铝塑膜铝箔的加工方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中所述铝合金板为8系列双零O态铝合金。
3.根据权利要求2所述一种用于动力电池铝塑膜铝箔的加工方法,其特征在于,所述铝合金板为8系列双零O态铝合金为8079合金或8021合金。
4.根据权利要求1所述一种用于动力电池铝塑膜铝箔的加工方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中所述金属添加材料包括Fe、Cu、Mn、Mg、Zn、Cr、Ti;
所述铝合金板与Fe、Cu、Mn、Mg、Zn、Cr、Ti的质量比为100:1.2-1.5:0.05-0.1:0.03-0.08:0.01-0.02:0.03-0.08:0.03-0.08:0.03-0.08。
5.根据权利要求1所述一种用于动力电池铝塑膜铝箔的加工方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中金属锆粉与铝合金板的质量比为0.1-0.15:100。
6.根据权利要求1所述一种用于动力电池铝塑膜铝箔的加工方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)所述两次熔炼的温度均为650-720℃。
7.根据权利要求1所述一种用于动力电池铝塑膜铝箔的加工方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)中所述冷轧次数为3-5次。
8.根据权利要求7所述一种用于动力电池铝塑膜铝箔的加工方法,其特征在于,冷轧过程中采用高级醇作为润滑油。
9.根据权利要求1所述一种用于动力电池铝塑膜铝箔的加工方法,其特征在于,步骤(4)中所述中间退火温度为300-320℃,退火时间为3-5h。
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