CN112106817A - Pseudosciaena crocea preservative and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Pseudosciaena crocea preservative and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112106817A CN112106817A CN202011114312.7A CN202011114312A CN112106817A CN 112106817 A CN112106817 A CN 112106817A CN 202011114312 A CN202011114312 A CN 202011114312A CN 112106817 A CN112106817 A CN 112106817A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B4/00—General methods for preserving meat, sausages, fish or fish products
- A23B4/10—Coating with a protective layer; Compositions or apparatus therefor
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Abstract
The invention relates to a large yellow croaker preservative and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the large yellow croaker preservative comprises the preparation of a spinning solution, the preparation of a microfiber film and the preparation of the large yellow croaker preservative. The large yellow croaker preservative prepared by taking the natural polysaccharide konjac glucomannan as a main component and other auxiliary agents as auxiliary components has excellent film forming property and water resistance. Compared with other materials, the konjac glucomannan serving as the main material of the preservative has the advantages of good film forming property, high preservation efficiency, environmental protection, low carbon, convenient material acquisition, low price and simple production process. The large yellow croaker preservative takes the epigallocatechin gallate as the main effective component of the preservative, and has the functions of oxidation resistance, deodorization and antibiosis. The large yellow croaker preservative has good film-forming and antibacterial properties, is environment-friendly and efficient, has various performance indexes exceeding those of the common preservative sold in the market, and can replace the existing large yellow croaker preservative.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preservative and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a large yellow croaker preservative and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of aquatic product preservation.
Background
The large yellow croaker is a main offshore economic fish in China. The meat quality of the fish is good and delicious, and the squirrel yellow fish is a banquet menu. Most of them are salted into dried melon, after the viscera is removed, the dried melon is washed, dried and made into dried yellow croaker or made into canned food. The swim bladder can be dried to prepare a rare food, namely the fish maw, and can also be prepared into yellow fish glue. The liver of the large yellow croaker contains vitamin A, and is a good raw material for preparing fish liver oil, and the otolith can be used for medicine. The yellow croaker is rich in protein, trace elements and vitamins, and has good dietotherapy effect on weak constitution and middle-aged and elderly people. The yellow croaker contains rich trace element selenium, can eliminate free radicals generated by metabolism of a human body, can delay aging, and has the effect of preventing and treating various cancers. Yellow croaker is sweet and salty in taste and neutral in nature, and enters liver and kidney meridians. The traditional Chinese medicine holds that the yellow croaker has good curative effects on anemia, insomnia, dizziness, inappetence and postpartum weakness of women.
The invention patent with the patent number of 201410521391.1 discloses a large yellow croaker film-coating preservation method (application date: 2014.09.30). according to the large yellow croaker film-coating preservation method, a sodium bicarbonate solution with the mass percentage concentration of 0.5% -1% is adopted to clean the large yellow croaker, a composite film-forming preservative is developed according to the biochemical characteristics of the large yellow croaker, and the large yellow croaker is soaked and air-dried by cold air to form a film. The method has the advantages of simple operation process, less equipment investment, environmental protection, safety, suitability for industrial production, obvious preservation effect and high film forming efficiency. However, the method has great influence on the sense of the large yellow croaker.
The invention patent with the patent number of 201410187384.2 discloses a compound preservation method for large yellow croakers (application date: 2014.05.06), which comprises the steps of sterilizing with ozone water, and packaging the large yellow croakers by taking tea polyphenol, Nisin and chitosan as biological preservatives in combination with modified atmosphere. The method has no influence on the sensory quality of cultured large yellow croaker, is safe and harmless to human health, can remarkably prolong the shelf life of the large yellow croaker under the refrigeration condition, improves the edible quality of the large yellow croaker, enlarges the sale range of products, has higher cost, and is not beneficial to industrialization.
The invention patent with the patent number of 201010267334.7 provides a large yellow croaker film-coating preservation method (application date: 2010.08.31), which comprises the steps of preparing 1.5-2.5% of preservation solution by using a nigerflavone extract with the purity of 40-50%, soaking for 8-15 minutes, gelatinizing by using a calcium chloride solution for 5 minutes, coating the large yellow croaker, fishing out, rinsing, draining and storing.
The large yellow croaker is a banquet delicacy due to golden body surface, abundant body and delicious meat quality, and is deeply loved by consumers. With the increase of consumption, the large yellow croaker breeding industry in China develops rapidly. China is the largest export country of large yellow croakers in the world and plays an important role in export trade of aquatic products in China. The large yellow croaker culture yield is greatly increased, and the problems of fresh production and poor marketing are increasingly prominent. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a safe, efficient, environment-friendly and green preservation method.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a large yellow croaker preservative different from other aquatic product preservatives and a preparation method thereof. The invention takes konjac glucomannan as a main material and utilizes the film-forming property and the water-retaining property of the konjac glucomannan to prepare the large yellow croaker preservative.
The preparation method of the large yellow croaker preservative is characterized by comprising the following preparation steps:
(1) preparation of spinning solution: under the condition of room temperature, uniformly mixing KGM and PVP aqueous solution according to the volume ratio of 1.5-2: 10 to prepare KGM/PVP mixed solution; taking KGM, PVP and EGCG aqueous solution, and uniformly mixing the KGM, the PVP and the EGCG aqueous solution according to the volume ratio of 1.5-2: 10: 0.75-1 to prepare KGM/PVP/EGCG mixed solution; respectively carrying out ultrasonic treatment on the KGM/PVP mixed solution and the KGM/PVP/EGCG mixed solution until the solutions are clear to respectively obtain a KGM/PVP spinning solution and a KGM/PVP/EGCG spinning solution; the KGM is konjac glucomannan, the PVP is polyvinylpyrrolidone, and the EGCG is epigallocatechin gallate; the ultrasonic treatment comprises the following steps: the ultrasonic temperature is 35 ℃, and the ultrasonic power is 800W;
(2) preparation of microfiber film: respectively filling the KGM/PVP spinning solution and the KGM/PVP/EGCG spinning solution prepared in the step (1) into 2 syringes with 18G stainless steel needles, and preparing a nanofiber membrane by adopting a microfluid spinning machine; in the preparation process of the nano-fiber membrane, the volume ratio of KGM/PVP spinning solution to KGM/PVP/EGCG spinning solution is 1:1, the spinning distance is 13cm, the spinning speed is 0.15mm/min, the spinning time is 2 hours, and the obtained nano-fiber membrane is placed in a vacuum drying oven at 40 ℃ for 6 hours to prepare the konjac glucomannan film;
(3) preparation of the large yellow croaker preservative: and (3) carrying out vacuum freeze drying on the konjac glucomannan film obtained in the step (2) at-83 ℃ for not less than 12 hours, and then crushing to obtain the large yellow croaker preservative.
Wherein the aqueous KGM solution from step (1) has a concentration of 2 wt.%.
The PVP aqueous solution in the step (1) has the concentration of 30 wt%.
The EGCG aqueous solution in the step (1) has the concentration of 0.2 wt%.
The syringe in the step (2) is a 20mL syringe.
The KGM, PVP and EGCG are all food-grade solid. The product pseudosciaena crocea preservative is solid.
The invention has the advantages that: the preservative prepared by taking the natural polysaccharide konjac glucomannan as a main component and other auxiliary agents as auxiliary materials has excellent film forming property and water resistance; compared with other materials, the konjac glucomannan serving as the main material of the preservative has the advantages of good film forming property, high preservation efficiency, environmental protection, low carbon, convenient material acquisition, low price and simple production process. The large yellow croaker preservative takes the epigallocatechin gallate as the main effective component of the preservative, and has the functions of oxidation resistance, deodorization and antibiosis. Therefore, the large yellow croaker preservative has good film forming and antibacterial properties, and is environment-friendly and efficient. The prepared large yellow croaker preservative is subjected to the following performance tests:
(1) film-forming and water-blocking properties
The large yellow croaker preservative of the present invention and commercially available fish preservatives are sprayed on the surface of water-absorbable substances and placed in clear water for comparison of water absorption rate for 10 minutes.
(2) Antibacterial property
Test bacteria were selected in conjunction with the QB/T2591-2003 criteria.
(3) Biodegradability
The large yellow croaker preservative is buried for 30 days, and a soil burying method is adopted for testing, and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 fresh-keeping agent for large yellow croaker buried for 30 days, soil burying method for testing results
Tests prove that the large yellow croaker preservative has excellent performance, the indexes of the large yellow croaker preservative exceed those of common preservatives sold in the market, and the large yellow croaker preservative can replace the existing large yellow croaker preservative.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples.
Embodiment 1 a preparation method of a large yellow croaker preservative, comprising the following steps:
(1) preparation of spinning solution: mixing Konjac Glucomannan (KGM) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) aqueous solution at room temperature at a volume ratio of 1.5: 10, and making into KGM/PVP mixed solution; mixing KGM, PVP and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) aqueous solution at a volume ratio of 1.5: 10: 0.75 to obtain KGM/PVP/EGCG mixed solution; respectively carrying out ultrasonic treatment (ultrasonic temperature is 35 ℃, ultrasonic power is 800W) on the KGM/PVP mixed solution and the KGM/PVP/EGCG mixed solution until the solutions are clarified to respectively obtain a KGM/PVP spinning solution and a KGM/PVP/EGCG spinning solution;
(2) preparation of microfiber film: respectively filling the KGM/PVP spinning solution and the KGM/PVP/EGCG spinning solution prepared in the step (1) into 2 syringes with 18G stainless steel needles, and preparing a nanofiber membrane by adopting a microfluid spinning machine; in the preparation process of the nano-fiber membrane, the volume ratio of KGM/PVP spinning solution to KGM/PVP/EGCG spinning solution is 1:1, the spinning distance is 13cm, the spinning speed is 0.15mm/min, the spinning time is 2 hours, and the obtained nano-fiber membrane is placed in a vacuum drying oven at 40 ℃ for 6 hours to prepare the konjac glucomannan film;
(3) preparation of the large yellow croaker preservative: and (3) carrying out vacuum freeze drying on the konjac glucomannan film obtained in the step (2) at the temperature of-83 ℃ for 12 hours, and then crushing to obtain the large yellow croaker preservative.
Embodiment 2, a preparation method of a large yellow croaker preservative, comprising the following steps:
(1) preparation of spinning solution: mixing Konjac Glucomannan (KGM) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) aqueous solution at room temperature at a volume ratio of 2: 10 to obtain KGM/PVP mixed solution; mixing KGM, PVP and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) aqueous solution at volume ratio of 2: 10: 1 to obtain KGM/PVP/EGCG mixed solution; respectively carrying out ultrasonic treatment (ultrasonic temperature is 35 ℃, ultrasonic power is 800W) on the KGM/PVP mixed solution and the KGM/PVP/EGCG mixed solution until the solutions are clarified to respectively obtain a KGM/PVP spinning solution and a KGM/PVP/EGCG spinning solution;
(2) preparation of microfiber film: respectively filling the KGM/PVP spinning solution and the KGM/PVP/EGCG spinning solution prepared in the step (1) into 2 syringes with 18G stainless steel needles, and preparing a nanofiber membrane by adopting a microfluid spinning machine; in the preparation process of the nano-fiber membrane, the volume ratio of KGM/PVP spinning solution to KGM/PVP/EGCG spinning solution is 1:1, the spinning distance is 13cm, the spinning speed is 0.15mm/min, the spinning time is 2 hours, and the obtained nano-fiber membrane is placed in a vacuum drying oven at 40 ℃ for 6 hours to prepare the konjac glucomannan film;
(3) preparation of the large yellow croaker preservative: and (3) carrying out vacuum freeze drying on the konjac glucomannan film obtained in the step (2) at the temperature of-83 ℃ for 12 hours, and then crushing to obtain the large yellow croaker preservative.
The application method of the large yellow croaker preservative comprises the following steps: the large yellow croaker preservative is dissolved in water in a weight ratio of 1:100 and sprayed on the surface of the large yellow croaker, so that a film can be formed quickly, and the preservation period is 10-12 days.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the claims of the present invention should be covered by the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A preparation method of a large yellow croaker preservative is characterized by comprising the following preparation steps:
(1) preparation of spinning solution: under the condition of room temperature, uniformly mixing KGM and PVP aqueous solution according to the volume ratio of 1.5-2: 10 to prepare KGM/PVP mixed solution; taking KGM, PVP and EGCG aqueous solution, and uniformly mixing the KGM, the PVP and the EGCG aqueous solution according to the volume ratio of 1.5-2: 10: 0.75-1 to prepare KGM/PVP/EGCG mixed solution; respectively carrying out ultrasonic treatment on the KGM/PVP mixed solution and the KGM/PVP/EGCG mixed solution until the solutions are clear to respectively obtain a KGM/PVP spinning solution and a KGM/PVP/EGCG spinning solution; the KGM is konjac glucomannan, the PVP is polyvinylpyrrolidone, and the EGCG is epigallocatechin gallate; the ultrasonic treatment comprises the following steps: the ultrasonic temperature is 35 ℃, and the ultrasonic power is 800W;
(2) preparation of microfiber film: respectively filling the KGM/PVP spinning solution and the KGM/PVP/EGCG spinning solution prepared in the step (1) into 2 syringes with 18G stainless steel needles, and preparing a nanofiber membrane by adopting a microfluid spinning machine; the use amount of the KGM/PVP spinning solution and the KGM/PVP/EGCG spinning solution is 1:1 in volume ratio, the spinning distance is 13cm, the spinning speed is 0.15mm/min, and the spinning time is 2 hours; placing the obtained nano-fiber film in a vacuum drying oven at 40 ℃ for 6 hours to obtain the konjac glucomannan film;
(3) preparation of the large yellow croaker preservative: and (3) carrying out vacuum freeze drying on the konjac glucomannan film obtained in the step (2) at-83 ℃ for not less than 12 hours, and then crushing to obtain the large yellow croaker preservative.
2. The method for preparing an antistaling agent for large yellow croaker according to claim 1, wherein the KGM aqueous solution in step (1) has a concentration of 2 wt%.
3. The method for preparing an antistaling agent for pseudosciaena crocea according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of the PVP aqueous solution in the step (1) is 30 wt%.
4. The method for preparing an antistaling agent for pseudosciaena crocea according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of the EGCG aqueous solution in the step (1) is 0.2 wt%.
5. The method for preparing the pseudosciaena crocea preservative according to claim 1, wherein the injector in the step (2) is a 20mL injector.
6. A fresh-keeping agent for large yellow croaker prepared by any one of the methods of claims 1 to 5.
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| CN202011114312.7A CN112106817A (en) | 2020-10-19 | 2020-10-19 | Pseudosciaena crocea preservative and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114831166A (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2022-08-02 | 上海海洋大学 | Processing method of frozen eriocheir sinensis |
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Application publication date: 20201222 |