CN112104057B

CN112104057B - Satellite platform with power architecture

Info

Publication number: CN112104057B
Application number: CN202010809707.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 桑晓茹; 杨峰; 任维佳
Original assignee: Spacety Co ltd Changsha
Current assignee: Spacety Co ltd Changsha
Priority date: 2020-05-07
Filing date: 2020-05-07
Publication date: 2022-07-29
Anticipated expiration: 2040-05-07
Also published as: CN112104057A; CN112104058A; CN111293765B; CN112104058B; CN111293765A

Abstract

The invention relates to a satellite platform with a power supply framework, wherein the power supply framework of the satellite platform at least comprises an energy storage module and a management module, and the management module is configured as follows: and expecting the discharge time of each super capacitor according to the voltage value and/or the current value obtained by at least one super capacitor in the energy storage module in the charging process, and sequentially cutting off the connection among the plurality of super capacitors in a mode of absorbing the energy fed back by the bus and the super capacitors based on the length sequence of the discharge time.

Description

Satellite platform with power architecture

The invention relates to a divisional application with the application number of 202010375077.2, the application date of 07/05/2020 and the application type of the invention, and the application name of the divisional application is a satellite power supply system and a configuration method thereof.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of satellite on-orbit power supply, in particular to a satellite platform with a power supply framework.

Background

At present, most of artificial satellites use solar energy as energy input, and solar photovoltaic application belongs to intermittent energy utilization and needs a power storage system matched with the solar photovoltaic application in many cases. The existing satellite power storage system generally adopts a lithium battery (Li-ion), the energy density of the lithium battery is as high as 150Wh/kg, but the power density of the lithium battery is less than 75W/kg, and in order to prolong the on-orbit working life of the satellite, the requirement on the battery discharge depth is generally not higher than 20%. At present, the on-orbit application of high-power-consumption loads is more and more common, the design requirements are met by increasing the number of storage batteries, the weight and the volume of a system are increased, the performance of the system cannot be effectively improved, and the application of the micro-nano satellite is limited.

The super Capacitor (EDLC) has a very high power density (more than 1400W/kg), a discharge depth of 100%, a charge-discharge cycle number of over ten thousand, and a charge-discharge cycle life much longer than that of a lithium battery. Furthermore, the document [1] Alkali, Muhammad & Edries, Mohamed & Khan, Arifur & H.Masui, & Cho, Minkwon.Preliminary Study of Electric Double Layer Capacitor as an Energy Storage of Simple Nanosatellate Power System [ C ]//65th International Adaptive Congress (IAC),29th September-4th October 2014 shows that the operating temperature range of the super Capacitor is-40 to +65 ℃, the temperature requirement of the satellite in-orbit operation is met, the vacuum environment has no influence on the super Capacitor basically, and the vibration test result meets the requirement. But the energy density of the super capacitor is far lower than that of the lithium battery.

For example, chinese patent publication No. CN106602694A discloses a micro-nano satellite power supply system based on a super capacitor, which includes a super capacitor and an energy input module; the energy input module comprises a solar cell array and is used for charging a super capacitor, and the super capacitor is electrically connected with the on-satellite load through a bus; the management unit controls the energy storage unit of the energy input module to charge based on a maximum power tracking algorithm; the power supply system comprises a storage battery pack; the storage battery pack and the super capacitor are respectively connected with the energy input module through a primary bus which is not regulated; and the management unit controls the charging states of the storage battery pack and the super capacitor and switches the super capacitor or the storage battery pack to supply power to the satellite load and the platform. The on-board power supply system with high power density and high energy density is realized by combining the super capacitor and the storage battery. The composite power supply formed by the super capacitor and the storage battery can combine the high power density characteristic of the super capacitor with the high energy density characteristic of the storage battery, not only can improve the short-time high-power output capability of a power supply system, but also has lasting power output capability, and the super capacitor has long cycle life, the service life is not influenced by the discharge depth, and the service life of the power supply system can be greatly prolonged. However, the operating voltage of a single super capacitor is generally low (in most cases, the operating voltage does not exceed 3V), and therefore, in an on-satellite use scenario, in order to match the power requirements of different electric devices in a satellite platform, a plurality of super capacitors are often connected in series for use, so as to match the supply voltage of a storage battery and a load. However, due to the difference in manufacturing processes, the difference in parameters such as internal resistance, capacitance, leakage current and the like of different super capacitors is large, and especially in the process of series charging and discharging, the difference in parameters of the single super capacitor can cause overcharge of some super capacitors in the charging process or overdischarge in the discharging process, which not only damages the service life of the single super capacitor, but also affects the energy utilization rate of the series super capacitors. Particularly, in a mode that the super capacitor bank is used in combination with the storage battery pack, the super capacitor bank needs to be connected with the storage battery pack in parallel through a power converter to control the discharge current of the storage battery and charge the storage battery, and if the voltage of the super capacitor is unstable, the reliability and the stability of a satellite power supply system are influenced.

Regarding voltage balance among super capacitor groups, document [2] zhangtianqi, super capacitor voltage management system [ D ] based on active balancing technology, university of electronic technology, discloses a voltage balancing system using voltage sampling, AD conversion, power switch drive and switch network, the working principle of which is that voltage sampling monitors the voltage of each single super capacitor in real time and transmits the measured data to a core processing unit FPGA, after the FPGA judges, the individual with the maximum and minimum voltage at a certain moment is selected, and the switch network is adjusted to make corresponding on/off, so that the super capacitor individual with the maximum and minimum voltage is directly connected, and energy is directly transferred from high to low. If it is detected during this period that there is a new individual with the maximum or minimum voltage, the switching network is reactivated to ensure that the supercapacitors with the maximum and minimum voltage are connected at any time, and the energy is transferred from high to low, and this step is continuously performed until the voltages of all the supercapacitors are the same. However, the super capacitors with the largest and the smallest voltages are connected, voltage equalization is required to be performed for many times to equalize the voltages of all the super capacitors, the equalization time is long, and the voltage sampling module, the AD conversion module, the switch network and other modules are required to be in a high-speed working state, so that great hardware overhead and software overhead are required. In addition, the discharge process of the super capacitor is controlled in a voltage consistency mode, namely, the voltage is dynamically balanced in the discharge process of the super capacitor, and over-discharge of part of the super capacitor is avoided. However, the super capacitor with a fast discharge speed has a lower voltage, and if the voltage is equalized in a voltage consistency manner, the super capacitor with a fast discharge speed is repeatedly charged by the super capacitor with a higher voltage, so that the capacitance value of the super capacitor with a fast discharge speed is further reduced, that is, the health value of the super capacitor is further reduced, thereby seriously shortening the service life of the power supply system.

Furthermore, on the one hand, due to the differences in understanding to the person skilled in the art; on the other hand, since the inventor has studied a lot of documents and patents when making the present invention, but the space is not limited to the details and contents listed in the above, however, the present invention is by no means free of the features of the prior art, but the present invention has been provided with all the features of the prior art, and the applicant reserves the right to increase the related prior art in the background.

Disclosure of Invention

Due to the fact that the voltage of a single super capacitor is low, a plurality of super capacitors are required to be connected in series to match the power requirements of different electric equipment in a satellite platform in an on-satellite use scene. Because the parameters of each super capacitor cannot be completely consistent, the voltages are inconsistent in the charging and discharging processes, the super capacitor which is charged quickly is overcharged, and the super capacitor which is discharged quickly is overdischarged, so that the super capacitors are balanced in a voltage consistent mode in the prior art. However, the super capacitors with the largest and the smallest voltages are connected, voltage equalization is required to be performed for many times to equalize the voltages of all the super capacitors, the equalization time is long, and the voltage sampling module, the AD conversion module, the switch network and other modules are required to be in a high-speed working state, so that great hardware overhead and software overhead are required. And the discharge process of the super capacitor is managed in a voltage consistency mode, the voltage needs to be dynamically balanced in the discharge process of the super capacitor, and partial over-discharge of the super capacitor is avoided. However, the super capacitor with a fast discharge speed has a lower voltage, and if the voltage is equalized in a voltage consistency manner, the super capacitor with a fast discharge speed is repeatedly charged by the super capacitor with a higher voltage, so that the capacitance value of the super capacitor with a fast discharge speed is further reduced, that is, the health value of the super capacitor is further reduced, thereby seriously shortening the service life of the power supply system.

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a satellite power supply system with an ultra-long service life, which at least comprises a solar battery array, an energy storage module and a management module, wherein the solar battery array converts solar energy into electric energy and charges the energy storage module under the condition that a satellite is positioned in an illumination area, the energy storage module at least comprises a plurality of super capacitors which are connected with the solar battery array and connected with each other in series and parallel and a storage battery pack which is respectively connected with the super capacitors and the solar battery array, the management module respectively and simultaneously acquires the voltages of the super capacitors in a differential mode after the solar battery array charges the energy storage module so as to respectively realize the voltage balance among the super capacitors at least in an energy transfer mode,

in the case that the instantaneous power demand of the bus is high due to the fact that the satellite platform is in the attitude orbit change, the management module is configured to predict the discharge time of each super capacitor at least in the mode of a reference parameter acquired in the process that the solar battery array charges the super capacitor under the condition that the difference of discharge voltages of the super capacitors in the energy storage module, which are independent of the storage battery pack, in the process that the storage battery pack supplies power to the bus exceeds a first threshold value, and sequentially cut off the connection among the super capacitors in the mode of absorbing energy fed back on the bus and the super capacitors on the basis of the length sequence of the discharge time. Aiming at the problem that individual super capacitors are over-discharged due to unbalanced discharge speed of a single super capacitor in the process of series discharge of a plurality of super capacitors, the invention obtains the health degree of the super capacitors, namely the capacitance value and equivalent internal resistance of the super capacitors through reference parameters collected in the process of supplying power to the super capacitors by a solar cell array, thereby being capable of expecting the discharge time of the super capacitors, and therefore, the connection among the super capacitors is sequentially cut off through the discharge time, so that the super capacitors can be prevented from being over-discharged due to continuous discharge to a bus after the discharge time is over, the voltage of the single super capacitor can not be kept at higher voltage near a rated value relative to an overvoltage protection balancing strategy, and the service life attenuation speed of the super capacitors can be accelerated due to the fact that the super capacitors keep higher voltage; secondly, compared with the equalizing mode with consistent voltage, the super capacitor with quicker discharge is repeatedly charged by the super capacitor with higher voltage, so that the service life of the super capacitor is shortened, the invention can prevent the super capacitor with quicker discharge from being repeatedly charged by sequentially cutting off the connection mode according to the expected discharge time; compared with a balancing strategy based on State of Charge (SOC) consistency, the capacitance value of the super capacitor with a smaller value of the State of health is smaller, so that the voltage is higher under the condition that the SOCs are consistent, but the further reduction of the value of the State of health is further aggravated by the higher voltage, and the service life of the super capacitor is seriously influenced. Furthermore, the reference parameters of the super capacitor, such as voltages at different moments, are collected in the process of charging the super capacitor by using the solar cell array, so that the capacitance value and the equivalent internal resistance of the super capacitor can be obtained, and the super capacitor has extremely small change in the standing period, so that the discharge time of the super capacitor can be expected. And under the condition that the instantaneous power of the bus is high, the super capacitor is required to directly supply power and receive energy fed back by the bus to stabilize the bus, and the energy storage component and the switch arranged in the management module can store part of energy fed back by the bus and energy fed back by other non-disconnected super capacitors after part of the super capacitors are disconnected, so that the disconnected super capacitors are prevented from being repeatedly charged.

According to a preferred embodiment, the management module is configured to construct a model of the voltage-current relationship of the super capacitor at different times and to collect reference parameters of each super capacitor at least two times during the charging of the solar cell array to the super capacitor and/or during the discharging of the super capacitor to the storage battery and/or the bus bar, wherein,

the management module is configured to calculate the capacitance value and the internal resistance of the super capacitor based on the relation model and reference parameters so as to be capable of expecting the discharge time of the super capacitor in the process of discharging the super capacitor;

or the management module is configured to acquire the reference parameter acquired in the power supply process of the super capacitor again when the super capacitor is in a static state and anticipate the discharge time of the super capacitor again based on the reference parameter.

According to a preferred embodiment, in the case that a plurality of the super capacitors are disconnected from each other, the management module is configured to sequentially control the super capacitors and the energy fed back by the bus bar to the super capacitors at the end of discharge in the process of releasing energy from at least one energy storage component based on the length sequence of the discharge time,

At least one energy storage component is positioned between any two super capacitors, and the energy storage components are respectively connected with the head parts and the tail parts of the super capacitors to form at least two loops, wherein,

at least one switch capable of realizing bidirectional flow of energy between the two super capacitors under the control of the management module is arranged in the two loops.

According to a preferred embodiment, the management module is configured to collect reference parameters between a plurality of adjacent supercapacitors at least two times before the solar cell array supplies power to the supercapacitors and calculate the capacitance and internal resistance of the discharged supercapacitors based on the relational model, wherein,

the management module is configured to identify a difference between capacitance values and/or a difference between internal resistances calculated by a plurality of adjacent supercapacitors at least two moments, wherein,

and under the condition that the difference value between the capacitance values and/or the difference value between the internal resistances is smaller than the corresponding second threshold value, the management module judges that the identified capacitance value is correct and updates the capacitance value and the internal resistance of the super capacitor.

According to a preferred embodiment, the management module is configured to collect at least three voltages of the supercapacitors at the same time, and in case that the difference between the discharge voltages exceeds a first threshold value during the supply of the plurality of supercapacitors to the battery pack or bus bar,

The management module is configured to use the super capacitor with lower voltage as reference voltage and compare with the voltage of other super capacitors, wherein,

and under the condition that the voltages of other super capacitors are smaller than the reference voltage, the management module is configured to take the voltage smaller than the reference voltage as a new reference voltage and compare the new reference voltage with the voltages of other super capacitors which are not compared, so that the identification values of all the super capacitors collected at the current moment are generated.

According to a preferred embodiment, during the process of the management module expecting the discharge time of each super capacitor with the reference parameter,

when the expected discharge time of the super capacitor with the lowest voltage at the same moment is larger than the expected discharge time of the super capacitor with the highest voltage and is also larger than the expected discharge time of at least one other super capacitor, the management module is configured to sequentially cut off the connection between the plurality of super capacitors and the bus and between the super capacitors based on the order of the voltages of the super capacitors.

According to a preferred embodiment, in case the expected discharge time of the supercapacitor with the lowest voltage at the same time is less than the expected discharge time of the supercapacitor with the highest voltage,

The management module is configured to modify an expected discharge time of the supercapacitor based on the identification value, wherein,

in the case that the expected discharge time of the supercapacitor with the lowest voltage at the same moment is greater than the expected discharge times of at least two other supercapacitors, and the difference between the expected discharge times does not exceed a third threshold, the management module is configured to modify the expected discharge time of the supercapacitor based on a linear model constructed from the identification values.

According to a preferred embodiment, the management module is configured to build the linear model according to the following steps:

and taking the mean value and the variance of the identification value as the bias of the linear model based on the mean value of the identification value of the super capacitor, which meets the condition that the discharge voltage is in direct proportion to the expected discharge time at the same moment.

The invention also provides a satellite power supply configuration method with an ultra-long service life, which comprises the following steps:

the management module collects the voltages of the plurality of super capacitors respectively and simultaneously in a differential mode after the solar cell array charges the energy storage module so as to respectively realize the voltage equalization among the plurality of super capacitors in the energy storage module at least in an energy transfer mode,

Under the condition that the instantaneous power demand of a bus is high due to the fact that the satellite platform is in the attitude orbit change, the management module is configured to predict the discharge time of each super capacitor at least in the mode of a reference parameter acquired in the process that the solar battery array charges the super capacitor under the condition that the difference of discharge voltages of the plurality of super capacitors in the energy storage module independently of the storage battery pack in the energy storage module in the process that the storage battery pack supplies power to the bus exceeds a first threshold value, and sequentially cut off the connection among the plurality of super capacitors in the mode of absorbing energy fed back on the bus and the super capacitors on the basis of the length sequence of the discharge time.

According to a preferred embodiment, the management module constructs a relation model of voltage and current of the super capacitor at different times and collects reference parameters of each super capacitor at least two moments during the process of charging the super capacitor by the solar cell array and/or during the process of discharging the super capacitor to the storage battery pack and/or the bus, wherein,

the management module calculates the capacitance value of the super capacitor based on the relation model and the reference parameter when the super capacitor is in a static state, so that the discharge time of the super capacitor can be expected in the discharge process of the super capacitor.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a simplified block diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention; and

FIG. 2 is a schematic flow diagram of a preferred embodiment of the method of the present invention.

List of reference numerals

1: solar cell array 2: energy storage module

3: the management module 201: super capacitor

202: battery pack 301: energy storage component

302: the switch 303: voltage acquisition device

304: control processor

Detailed Description

The following detailed description is made with reference to fig. 1 to 2.

As shown in fig. 1, the management module 3 of the present invention at least includes a voltage acquisition device 303, an energy storage component 301, a switch 302 and a control processor 304. The voltage collecting device 303 may be a current sensor, and the voltage of the single super capacitor 201 may be collected by the current sensor. The current sensor can be a Hall current sensor with the model number of BJHCH-PS 3.3-15A, the Hall current sensor can be used for detecting the current of the element under the conditions of an open loop and a closed loop, the open loop is suitable for large-current monitoring, the closed loop is suitable for small-current detection, and meanwhile, the Hall current sensor can detect direct current or alternating current and even can detect transient peak values. The power supply voltage of the current sensor is 3.3V, the current range is-50 to +50A, and the output voltage of the sensor is 1.65V when the sampling current is 0A according to the linear relation and the power supply voltage. The current to be measured passes through the sensor, namely the voltage can be measured at the output end. U shape _out ＝0.11I _in +1.65. The output voltage is kept between 0 and 3.3V, so that the requirement of the A/D unit of the control processor 304 on the input voltage is met. The control processor 304 may be a digital signal processor model dsPIC33FJ64GS606 with an input current of 15A and an output current at the current sensorWhen the voltage is 3.3V, the corresponding digital value converted by the a/D module is 1024, that is, when the sensor current is 2A, the value output by the a/D module can be calculated by the following formula:

wherein x is the value output by the A/D module.

Preferably, the control Processor 304 may also be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a general purpose Processor, a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application-Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or other Programmable logic device, a transistor logic device, a hardware component, or any combination thereof. The storage medium may be a Read Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, or the like.

The power supply system of the electronic components of the management module 3 includes at least a voltage conversion circuit of +12V, a voltage conversion circuit of +5V, and a voltage conversion circuit of + 3.3V.

In order to improve the anti-interference capability of the system, optical isolation measures are taken between the control processor 304 and the main circuit in the management module 3. The optoelectronic isolation electronic component can be a MOSFET driver chip with a model a 3120.

The energy storage module 2 comprises a super capacitor 201 and a storage battery. A plurality of super capacitors 201 may be connected in parallel and then connected in series to form a super capacitor bank. The plurality of batteries constitute a battery pack 202. A supercapacitor pack made up of a plurality of supercapacitors 201 is connected in parallel with a battery pack 202, as shown in fig. 1. Those skilled in the art may use different sizes of super capacitor 201 and battery pack 202 depending on the specific size and application of the designed satellite platform.

The solar cell array 1 is used to convert solar energy into electric energy and store the electric energy in the super capacitor 01 and the battery pack 202. Those skilled in the art can also use different specifications of the solar cell array 1 depending on the specific design.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment discloses an ultra-long-life satellite power system, which at least includes a solar cell array 1, an energy storage module 2, and a management module 3. The solar cell array 1 converts solar energy into electric energy and charges the energy storage module 2. Preferably, the solar cell array 1 converts solar energy into electric energy in a case where the satellite is located in an illumination area. The energy storage module 2 comprises at least a super capacitor 201 and a battery pack 202. The super capacitor 201 is connected to the solar cell array 1. Preferably, a plurality of supercapacitors 201 are connected in series and parallel with each other. Multiple ultracapacitors 201 may be connected in series with each other to obtain a greater voltage. Preferably, a plurality of super capacitors 201 can also be connected in series after being connected in parallel. Preferably, the battery pack 202 may be connected to the super capacitor 201 and the solar cell array 1, respectively. Preferably, the management module 3 comprises at least a voltage acquisition device 303, an energy storage component 301, a switch 302 and a control processor 304. The management module 3 may collect voltages between the plurality of super capacitors 201 at the same time. After the solar cell array 1 charges the energy storage module 2, the management module 3 may collect voltages of the plurality of super capacitors 201 simultaneously in a differential manner. After the management module 3 collects the voltages of the plurality of super capacitors 201 in a differential manner, the management module 3 may respectively achieve voltage equalization among the plurality of super capacitors 201 at least in an energy transfer manner. The energy transfer may be performed by absorbing the current of the super capacitor 201 with a higher voltage through the energy storage component 301 and storing the current, and then transferring the energy to the super capacitor 201 with a lower voltage. The energy storage component 301 may be an inductor, a capacitor, or a DC-DC power converter, etc.

Preferably, the management module 3 is configured to anticipate the discharge time of the super capacitor 201 during the process of supplying power to the plurality of super capacitors 201 in the energy storage module 2. The management module 3 is configured to sequentially cut off the connection between the plurality of supercapacitors 201 based on the order of the length of the discharge time. Preferably, after supercapacitor 201 is disconnected from other supercapacitors 201, the connection to the bus bar is also disconnected. As shown in fig. 1, supercapacitor 201 is connected in parallel to battery pack 202, and therefore, after supercapacitor 201 is disconnected from other supercapacitor 201, it is also disconnected from battery pack 202. Preferably, in the case that the instantaneous power demand of the bus is high due to the change of the attitude orbit of the satellite platform, the plurality of super capacitors 201 in the energy storage module 2 supply power to the bus through the storage battery pack 202. In the case where the difference between the discharge voltages, which occurs during the supply of the bus by the plurality of super-capacitors 201, exceeds the first threshold value, management module 3 is configured to anticipate the discharge time of each super-capacitor 201 in the form of a reference parameter acquired during the charging of super-capacitor 201 by solar array 1. Preferably, the management module 3 is further configured to sequentially cut off the connection between the plurality of super capacitors 201 in a manner of absorbing the energy fed back on the bus and the super capacitors 201 based on the length sequence of the discharging time. Preferably, the first threshold may be designed according to the output voltage of the selected super capacitor 201, for example, the output voltage of the selected super capacitor 201 is 3.3V, and thus the first threshold may be designed to be 0.5V.

Preferably, the management module 3 is configured to control at least one energy storage component 301 to release energy to the supercapacitor 201. As shown in fig. 1, during the discharging process of the super capacitor 201, part of the energy fed back by the bus enters the energy storage component 301 first. Preferably, in the case where the super capacitor 20 is disconnected from the bus bar or battery pack 202, the management module 3 is configured to turn on the switch 302 connected to the super capacitor 201 through its control processor 304. As shown in fig. 1, when one of the switches 302 in the upper row of the circuit is turned on, the super capacitor 201, the switch 302 and an energy storage component 301 form a connected loop, and the current flowing from the super capacitor 201 flows from the battery pack 202 to the switch 302 and the energy storage component 301. And the current of the super capacitor 201 adjacent to the super capacitor 201 flows to the energy storage component 301, that is, the energy storage component 301 can store part of the energy provided by other adjacent super capacitors 201. In the case of bus feedback energy, the bus feedback energy flows along the switch 302 into the energy storage component 301. Through the setting mode, in the charging and discharging processes of the super capacitor 201 in the prior art, the equalization is performed in a mode of consistent voltage, but the consistent voltage in the discharging process of the super capacitor 201 may cause the super capacitor 201 which discharges quickly to be repeatedly charged by other super capacitors 201, and the service life of the super capacitor 201 is influenced, so that the switch 302 is turned on by the control processor 304, the super capacitor 201 which discharges quickly is disconnected from the bus or the storage battery pack 202, and the super capacitor 201 is prevented from being excessively discharged, and because the energy storage component 301 is also connected with the adjacent super capacitor 201 and the bus, the energy storage component 301 can not only absorb the energy of the adjacent super capacitor 201, but also absorb the energy fed back by the bus, and the super capacitor 201 is prevented from being repeatedly charged, and further the service life of the satellite power storage system is prolonged.

Preferably, in the case of disconnecting the super capacitors 201 from each other, the management module 3 is configured to sequentially control the at least one energy storage component 301 to release energy to the super capacitors 201 based on the length sequence of the discharge time. Preferably, the energy released by the energy storage component 301 may be energy fed back by the bus. The energy released by the energy storage component 301 may also be energy fed back by other adjacent super capacitors 201. Preferably, the energy released by the energy storage component 301 may also be energy fed back by the bus and other adjacent super capacitors 201. By the arrangement mode, the super capacitor 201 which discharges quickly can be protected, and at least part of energy can be recovered while the super capacitor is prevented from being discharged excessively, so that the energy is prevented from being consumed while the corresponding electronic element is prevented from being overheated, and the service life is shortened.

Preferably, at least one energy storage component 301 is located between any two ultracapacitors 201. The energy storage component 301 is connected to the head and tail of the plurality of super capacitors 201 to form at least two loops, as shown in fig. 1. Preferably, at least one switch 302 is provided in both circuits. Switch 302 enables bidirectional flow of energy between the two supercapacitors 201 under the control of management module 3. Preferably, the switch 302 includes at least a MOSFET tube and a diode. The diode is connected in parallel with the MOSFET tube. The diode may be a freewheeling diode and may form a discharge loop with the energy storage component 301. With this arrangement, energy is stored and flow between the energy is accomplished by the energy storage component, rather than consuming energy. Due to the presence of the freewheeling diode in the switch 302, which may form a charge-discharge loop with the adjacent capacitor bank, energy may flow not only unidirectionally, but also bidirectionally.

By the arrangement mode, aiming at the problem that individual super capacitors are over-discharged due to unbalanced discharge speed of a single super capacitor 201 in the process of discharging a plurality of super capacitors 201 in series, the health degree of the super capacitor 201 is obtained by the reference parameters collected in the process of supplying power to the super capacitor 201 by the solar cell array 1, i.e., the capacitance value and the equivalent internal resistance of the supercapacitor, so that the discharge time of the supercapacitor 201 can be expected, therefore, the connection among the plurality of super capacitors 201 is cut off in sequence according to the length of the discharge time, so that the super capacitors 201 can be prevented from being over-discharged due to the fact that the super capacitors 201 continuously discharge to the bus after the discharge time is over, moreover, compared with an overvoltage protection balancing strategy, the voltage of the single super capacitor 201 cannot be kept at a higher voltage near a rated value, and the service life decay speed of the super capacitor 201 can be accelerated when the super capacitor 201 keeps the higher voltage; secondly, compared with the balancing mode with consistent voltage, the super capacitor with faster discharge is repeatedly charged by the super capacitor with higher voltage, so that the service life of the super capacitor 201 is shortened, the mode of sequentially cutting off connection at the expected discharge time can avoid the super capacitor 201 with faster discharge from being repeatedly charged; compared with a balancing strategy based on State of Charge (SOC) consistency, the capacitance value of the super capacitor 201 with a smaller health State value is smaller, so that the voltage is higher under the condition that the SOCs are consistent, but the further reduction of the health State value is further aggravated by the higher voltage, so that the service life of the super capacitor is seriously influenced, and the discharging of the super capacitor 201 is cut off based on the expected discharging time of the reference parameter in the expected power supply process, so that the reduction of the health State value of the super capacitor 201 is not further aggravated, the service life of the super capacitor 201 is remarkably prolonged, and the satellite power storage system has an ultra-long service life. Further, in the present invention, reference parameters of the super capacitor 201, such as voltages at different times, are collected during the process of charging the super capacitor 201 by using the solar cell array 1, so that the capacitance value and the equivalent internal resistance of the super capacitor 201 can be obtained, and the change of the super capacitor 201 during the standing period is very small, so that the discharge time of the super capacitor 201 can be expected. Under the condition that the instantaneous power of the bus is high, the super capacitor 201 is required to directly supply power and receive energy fed back by the bus to stabilize the bus, and the energy storage component 301 and the switch 302 arranged in the management module 3 can store part of energy fed back by the bus and energy fed back by other super capacitors after the super capacitor 201 is disconnected, so that the disconnected super capacitor 201 is prevented from being repeatedly charged.

Preferably, the management module 3 is configured to build a model of the voltage versus current of the super capacitor 201 at different times. The relationship model is as follows:

wherein u is ₁ And u ₂ Are the voltages collected at different times. i.e. i ₁ And i ₂ Is the current collected at the corresponding moment. C is the capacitance of supercapacitor 201. T is ₁ Is corresponding to the collected voltage u ₁ The time of day. T is ₂ Is corresponding to the collected voltage u ₂ The time of day. Preferably, management module 3 is configured to collect reference parameters of each supercapacitor 201 at least two times. Preferably, the reference parameter may be a current value and a voltage value acquired by the voltage acquisition device 303. Preferably, the management module 3 may be configured to collect voltage during the charging process of the super capacitor 201 by the solar cell array 1. Or collecting voltage during the discharging process of the super capacitor 201 to the storage battery pack 202 and/or the bus. Preferably, the management module 3 may be further configured to collect voltage during charging of the super capacitor 201 by the solar cell array 1 and discharging of the super capacitor 201 to the storage battery pack 202 and/or the bus bar, respectively.

Preferably, the management module 3 is configured to calculate the capacitance value and the internal resistance of the supercapacitor 201 based on the relational model and the reference parameters. The management module 3 may be configured to anticipate the discharge time of the supercapacitor 201 by the capacitance value and the internal resistance. Preferably, the discharge time of super capacitor 201 can be calculated by capacitance and internal resistance and the voltage of super capacitor 201. Preferably, management module 3 may anticipate the discharge time of supercapacitor 201 while supercapacitor 201 is in the process of discharging. Preferably, management module 3 may be configured to anticipate the discharge time at least when supercapacitor 201 is in a state of rest. Preferably, the management module 3 is configured to acquire the reference parameter acquired in the power supply process of the super capacitor 201 again when the super capacitor 201 is in a static state. Preferably, the management module 3 is configured to anticipate again the discharge time of said supercapacitor 201 on the basis of this reference parameter. Through the above setting mode, data are collected again in the state that the super capacitor 201 is in standing, so that the change of the health state of the super capacitor 201 after charging is finished can be obtained, the loss of the super capacitor 201 after sequential charging can be obtained, and the expected discharging time is more accurate.

Preferably, before the solar cell array 1 supplies power to the super capacitor 201, the management module 3 is configured to collect reference parameters between a plurality of adjacent super capacitors 201 at least two times. The management module 3 calculates the capacitance value and the internal resistance of the discharged super capacitor 201 based on the relationship model. The difference between the capacitance values and/or the difference between the internal resistances calculated at the management module 3 based on the plurality of adjacent super capacitors 201 at least two times. The management module 3 identifies on the basis of the difference between the capacity values and/or the difference between the internal resistances. Preferably, the skilled person can identify according to the prior art, for example, the following capacity value identification formula can be used for identification:

wherein u is ₃ And i ₃ Is a new voltage value and current value collected after the super capacitor 201 is powered. Preferably, the internal resistance identification formula is as follows:

preferably, in case that the difference between the capacitance values and/or the difference between the internal resistances is smaller than the respective corresponding second threshold, the management module 3 determines that the identified capacitance value is correct and updates the capacitance value and the internal resistance of the super capacitor 201. Preferably, the second threshold value may be set by those skilled in the art according to the specific specification and material of the super capacitor 201. For example, in the case of decision recognition using a difference between the capacity values, the second threshold value may be such that the difference between the new capacity value recalculated by the above expression and the original capacity value is not more than 5% of the original capacity value. Preferably, in the case of performing the determination identification using the difference between the internal resistances, the second threshold value may be such that the difference between the new internal resistance recalculated by the above expression and the original internal resistance does not exceed 5%. Preferably, in the case of performing the determination identification by using the difference between the capacity values and the difference between the internal resistances, the second threshold may be such that the difference between the new capacity value plus the new internal resistance and the original capacity value plus the original internal resistance is not more than 10% of the original sum value.

Preferably, the management module 3 is configured to collect at least three voltages of the super capacitor 201 at the same time. Preferably, in the case where the difference between the discharge voltages exceeds the first threshold value while the plurality of super capacitors 201 supply power to the battery pack 202 or the bus, the management module 3 is configured to use the super capacitor 201 with a lower voltage as a reference voltage and compare the reference voltage with the voltages of the other super capacitors 201. Preferably, in the case that the voltage of the other super capacitor 201 is smaller than the reference voltage, the management module 3 is configured to take the voltage smaller than the reference voltage as the new reference voltage. The management module 3 is configured to compare the new reference voltage with the voltages of other non-compared supercapacitors 201, so as to generate identification values of all supercapacitors 201 collected at the current time. Preferably, the identification value may be a weight value. The identification value of the supercapacitor 201 with the reference voltage is 1.0, and the identification values of the supercapacitors 201 that are greater than the reference voltage may be sequentially incremented by equal difference. For example, if the voltages of four supercapacitors 201 are collected, the identification value of the reference voltage is the lowest and can be set to 1.0, and the identification value of the supercapacitor 201 that is higher than the reference voltage and lower than the other voltages can be 3.0, and the other identification values are set to 5.0 and 7.0 in sequence. The identification value can also be set in other ways by the person skilled in the art. Preferably, the identification value can be set in a non-linearly varying manner, for example in an exponential curve.

Preferably, in the process that management module 3 anticipates the discharge time of each super capacitor 201 by the reference parameter, if the anticipated discharge time of super capacitor 201 with the lowest voltage is greater than the anticipated discharge time of super capacitor 201 with the highest voltage at the same moment and is also greater than the anticipated discharge time of at least one other super capacitor 201, management module 3 is configured to sequentially cut off the connection between the plurality of super capacitors 201 and the bus bar and each other based on the order of magnitude of the voltage of super capacitors 201. Preferably, if the expected discharge time of the super capacitor 201 with the lowest voltage at the same time is greater than the expected discharge time of the super capacitor 201 with the highest voltage and is also greater than the expected discharge time of at least one other super capacitor 201, it indicates that the relationship between the discharge voltage and the expected discharge time is correct. Preferably, the super capacitor 201 discharges at a lower voltage, indicating that its discharge time is faster, so that the larger the discharge voltage, the longer the expected discharge time, i.e. the identification value of the super capacitor is proportional to the expected discharge time.

Preferably, in the case where the expected discharge time of the supercapacitor 201 with the lowest voltage is smaller than the expected discharge time of the supercapacitor 201 with the highest voltage at the same time, the management module 3 is configured to modify the expected discharge time of the supercapacitor 201 based on the identification value. Preferably, if the mode time of the super capacitor 201 with low voltage is longer than the expected discharge time of the super capacitor 201 with high voltage, it indicates that the voltage value collected at this moment may be wrong, or the expected discharge time is calculated incorrectly. Preferably, if at least two groups of super capacitors 201 with lower voltage have expected discharge time longer than that of super capacitors 201 with higher voltage, management module 3 is configured to sequentially cut off the connection among a plurality of super capacitors 201 based on the magnitude sequence of the collected voltage values. By the arrangement mode, the problem that the expected discharge time is invalid can be judged based on the comparison between the expected discharge time and the discharge voltage relation by the management module 3, so that the discharge of the super capacitor 201 is cut off in sequence directly through the identification value generated by the collected discharge voltage. Preferably, the management module 3 may calculate the discharge time by obtaining the existing relationship between the voltage value and the discharge time using a priori knowledge. Management module 3 can sequentially cut off the discharge of supercapacitor 201 according to the discharge time. The mode of judging whether the expected time is correct through redundancy conforms to the redundancy design of the satellite power storage system, and the stability of the satellite power storage system is obviously improved. Moreover, the distinguishing mode is simple and quick, and the distinguishing can be quickly realized without adding extra electronic elements. Although the subsequent discharge time obtained by using the prior knowledge is not accurate enough, the accuracy can be improved by continuously training a neural network algorithm.

Preferably, management module 3 is configured to modify the expected discharge time of supercapacitor 201 based on the identification value, including the following two cases. The first case is that in the case where the expected discharge time of the supercapacitor 201 with the lowest voltage at the same time is greater than the expected discharge times of at least two other supercapacitors 201 and the difference between the expected discharge times does not exceed the third threshold, the management module 3 is configured to modify the expected discharge time of the supercapacitor 201 based on a linear model constructed from the identification values. Preferably, the expected discharge time of the super capacitor 201 with the lowest voltage at the same time is greater than the expected discharge times of at least two other super capacitors 201, and the difference between the expected discharge times does not exceed the third threshold, which indicates that only part of the super capacitors 201 have errors in the expected discharge times and only needs to be corrected by the linear model. Preferably, the third threshold means that the difference between the expected discharge time of the super capacitor 201 with lower voltage and the actual discharge time corresponding to the voltage value is not more than 15%, i.e. the error is considered to be a linear error, and can be corrected by a linear model. Preferably, the linear model comprises at least a gain and a bias. The output of the linear model is the discharge time and the input is the voltage value. Preferably, the management module 3 is configured to build the linear model according to the following steps:

A. Taking the mean value of the identification values of the super capacitor 201, which is in proportion to the expected discharge time and meets the discharge voltage at the same moment, as the gain of the linear model;

B. the mean and variance of the identified values are used as the bias of the linear model.

Example 2

The embodiment discloses a satellite power supply configuration method with an ultra-long service life, which comprises the following steps: after the solar cell array 1 charges the energy storage module 2, the management module 3 respectively and simultaneously acquires the voltages of the plurality of super capacitors 201 in a differential mode, so that the voltage balance among the plurality of super capacitors 201 in the energy storage module 2 is respectively realized at least in an energy transfer mode.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 2, the method further comprises the steps of:

s100: and collecting and balancing voltage in the process that the solar cell array 1 charges the super capacitor 201 in the energy storage module 2. Preferably, the management module 3 is configured to build a model of the voltage versus current of the super capacitor 201 at different times. The relationship model is as follows:

wherein u is ₁ And u ₂ Are the voltages collected at different times. i.e. i ₁ And i ₂ Is the current collected at the corresponding moment. C is the capacitance of supercapacitor 201. T is ₁ Is corresponding to the collected voltage u ₁ The time of day. T is ₂ Is corresponding to the collected voltage u ₂ Time of day (c). Preferably, management module 3 is configured to collect reference parameters of each supercapacitor 201 at least two times. Preferably, the reference parameter may be a current value and a voltage value acquired by the voltage acquisition device 303. Preferably, the management module 3 may be configured to collect voltage during the charging process of the super capacitor 201 by the solar cell array 1. Or collecting voltage during the discharging process of the super capacitor 201 to the storage battery pack 202 and/or the bus. Preferably, the management module 3 may be further configured to collect voltage during charging of the super capacitor 201 by the solar cell array 1 and discharging of the super capacitor 201 to the storage battery pack 202 and/or the bus bar, respectively.

Preferably, management module 3 is configured to calculate the capacitance value and the internal resistance of supercapacitor 201 based on the relational model and the reference parameters. The management module 3 may be configured to anticipate the discharge time of the supercapacitor 201 by the capacitance value and the internal resistance. Preferably, the discharge time of super capacitor 201 can be calculated by capacitance and internal resistance and the voltage of super capacitor 201. Preferably, management module 3 may anticipate the discharge time of supercapacitor 201 while supercapacitor 201 is in the process of discharging. Preferably, management module 3 may be configured to anticipate the discharge time at least when supercapacitor 201 is in a state of rest. Preferably, the management module 3 is configured to acquire the reference parameter acquired in the power supply process of the super capacitor 201 again when the super capacitor 201 is in a static state. Preferably, the management module 3 is configured to anticipate again the discharge time of said supercapacitor 201 on the basis of this reference parameter. Through the above setting mode, data are collected again in the state that the super capacitor 201 is in standing, so that the change of the health state of the super capacitor 201 after charging is finished can be obtained, the loss of the super capacitor 201 after sequential charging can be obtained, and the expected discharging time is more accurate.

Preferably, before the solar cell array 1 supplies power to the super capacitor 201, the management module 3 is configured to collect reference parameters between a plurality of adjacent super capacitors 201 at least two times. The management module 3 calculates the capacitance value and the internal resistance of the discharged super capacitor 201 based on the relationship model. The difference between the capacitance values and/or the difference between the internal resistances calculated at the management module 3 based on the plurality of adjacent supercapacitors 201 at least two times. The management module 3 identifies on the basis of the difference between the capacity values and/or the difference between the internal resistances. Preferably, the skilled person can identify according to the prior art, for example, the following capacity value identification formula can be used for identification:

wherein u is ₃ And i ₃ Is collected after the super capacitor 201 is poweredVoltage value and current value of (c). Preferably, the internal resistance identification formula is as follows:

preferably, in case that the difference between the capacitance values and/or the difference between the internal resistances is smaller than the second threshold, the management module 3 determines that the identified capacitance value is correct and updates the capacitance value and the internal resistance of the super capacitor 201. Preferably, the second threshold value may be set by those skilled in the art according to the specific specification and material of the super capacitor 201. For example, the second threshold may be that the difference between the new capacity value recalculated by the above equation and the original capacity value is not more than 5% of the original capacity value, or that the difference between the internal resistance and the original internal resistance is not more than 5% of the original internal resistance. I.e. the second threshold is 5%.

S200: preferably, the management module 3 is configured to anticipate the discharge time of the super capacitor 201 during the process of supplying power to the plurality of super capacitors 201 in the energy storage module 2. The management module 3 is configured to sequentially cut off the connection between the plurality of supercapacitors 201 based on the order of the length of the discharge time. Preferably, after supercapacitor 201 is disconnected from other supercapacitors 201, the connection to the bus bar is also disconnected. As shown in fig. 1, supercapacitor 201 is connected in parallel to battery pack 202, and therefore, after supercapacitor 201 is disconnected from other supercapacitor 201, it is also disconnected from battery pack 202. Preferably, in the case that the instantaneous power demand of the bus is high due to the change of the attitude orbit of the satellite platform, the plurality of super capacitors 201 in the energy storage module 2 supply power to the bus through the storage battery pack 202. In the case where the difference between the discharge voltages, which occurs during the supply of the bus by the plurality of super-capacitors 201, exceeds the first threshold value, management module 3 is configured to anticipate the discharge time of each super-capacitor 201 in the form of a reference parameter acquired during the charging of super-capacitor 201 by solar array 1. Preferably, the management module 3 is further configured to sequentially cut off the connection between the plurality of super capacitors 201 in a manner of absorbing the energy fed back on the bus and the super capacitors 201 based on the length sequence of the discharging time. Preferably, the first threshold may be designed according to the output voltage of the selected super capacitor 201, for example, the output voltage of the selected super capacitor 201 is 3.3V, and thus the first threshold may be designed to be 0.5V.

Preferably, the management module 3 is configured to control at least one energy storage component 301 to release energy to the supercapacitor 201. As shown in fig. 1, during the discharging process of the super capacitor 201, part of the energy fed back by the bus enters the energy storage component 301 first. Preferably, in the case where the super capacitor 20 is disconnected from the bus bar or battery pack 202, the management module 3 is configured to turn on the switch 302 connected to the super capacitor 201 through its control processor 304. As shown in fig. 1, when one of the switches 302 in the upper row of the circuit is turned on, the super capacitor 201, the switch 302 and the energy storage component 301 form a connected loop, and the current flowing from the super capacitor 201 flows from the battery pack 202 to the switch 302 and the energy storage component 301. And the current of the super capacitor 201 adjacent to the super capacitor 201 flows to the energy storage component 301, that is, the energy storage component 301 can store part of the energy provided by other adjacent super capacitors 201. In the case of bus feedback energy, the bus feedback energy flows along the switch 302 into the energy storage component 301. Through the setting mode, in the charging and discharging processes of the super capacitor 201 in the prior art, the equalization is performed in a mode of consistent voltage, but the consistent voltage in the discharging process of the super capacitor 201 may cause the super capacitor 201 which discharges quickly to be repeatedly charged by other super capacitors 201, and the service life of the super capacitor 201 is influenced, so that the switch 302 is turned on by the control processor 304, the super capacitor 201 which discharges quickly is disconnected from the bus or the storage battery pack 202, and the super capacitor 201 is prevented from being excessively discharged, and because the energy storage component 301 is also connected with the adjacent super capacitor 201 and the bus, the energy storage component 301 can not only absorb the energy of the adjacent super capacitor 201, but also absorb the energy fed back by the bus, and the super capacitor 201 is prevented from being repeatedly charged, and further the service life of the satellite power storage system is prolonged.

S300: preferably, in the case of disconnecting the super capacitors 201 from each other, the management module 3 is configured to sequentially control the at least one energy storage component 301 to release energy to the super capacitors 201 based on the length sequence of the discharge time. Preferably, the energy released by the energy storage component 301 may be energy fed back by the bus. The energy released by the energy storage component 301 may also be energy fed back by other adjacent super capacitors 201. Preferably, the energy released by the energy storage component 301 may also be energy fed back by the bus and other adjacent super capacitors 201. By the arrangement mode, the super capacitor 201 which discharges quickly can be protected, and at least part of energy can be recovered while the super capacitor is prevented from being discharged excessively, so that the energy is prevented from being consumed while the corresponding electronic element is prevented from being overheated, and the service life is shortened.

Preferably, at least one energy storage component 301 is located between any two ultracapacitors 201. The energy storage component 301 is connected to the head and tail of the plurality of super capacitors 201 to form at least two loops, as shown in fig. 1. Preferably, at least one switch 302 is provided in both circuits. Switch 302 enables bidirectional flow of energy between the two ultracapacitors 201 under the control of management module 3. Preferably, the switch 302 includes at least a MOSFET tube and a diode. The diode is connected in parallel with the MOSFET tube. The diode may be a freewheeling diode and may form a discharge loop with the energy storage component 301. With this arrangement, energy is stored and flow between the energy is accomplished by the energy storage component, rather than consuming energy. Due to the presence of the freewheeling diode in the switch 302, which may form a charge-discharge loop with the adjacent capacitor bank, energy may flow not only unidirectionally, but also bidirectionally.

S400: preferably, in the process that management module 3 anticipates the discharge time of each super capacitor 201 by the reference parameter, if the anticipated discharge time of super capacitor 201 with the lowest voltage is greater than the anticipated discharge time of super capacitor 201 with the highest voltage at the same moment and is also greater than the anticipated discharge time of at least one other super capacitor 201, management module 3 is configured to sequentially cut off the connection between the plurality of super capacitors 201 and the bus bar and each other based on the order of magnitude of the voltage of super capacitors 201. Preferably, if the expected discharge time of the super capacitor 201 with the lowest voltage at the same time is greater than the expected discharge time of the super capacitor 201 with the highest voltage and is also greater than the expected discharge time of at least one other super capacitor 201, it indicates that the relationship between the discharge voltage and the expected discharge time is correct. Preferably, the super capacitor 201 discharges with a lower voltage, indicating that its discharge time is faster, so the larger the discharge voltage, the longer its expected discharge time, i.e. the identification value of the super capacitor is proportional to the expected discharge time.

Preferably, in the case where the expected discharge time of the supercapacitor 201 with the lowest voltage is smaller than the expected discharge time of the supercapacitor 201 with the highest voltage at the same time, the management module 3 is configured to modify the expected discharge time of the supercapacitor 201 based on the identification value. Preferably, if the mode time of the super capacitor 201 with low voltage is longer than the expected discharge time of the super capacitor 201 with high voltage, it indicates that the voltage value collected at this moment may be wrong, or the expected discharge time is calculated incorrectly. Preferably, if at least two groups of super capacitors 201 with lower voltage have expected discharge time longer than that of super capacitors 201 with higher voltage, management module 3 is configured to sequentially cut off the connection among a plurality of super capacitors 201 based on the magnitude sequence of the collected voltage values. By the arrangement mode, the problem that the expected discharge time is invalid can be judged based on the comparison between the expected discharge time and the discharge voltage relation by the management module 3, so that the discharge of the super capacitor 201 is cut off in sequence directly through the identification value generated by the collected discharge voltage. Preferably, the management module 3 may calculate the discharge time by obtaining the existing relationship between the voltage value and the discharge time using a priori knowledge. Management module 3 may sequentially cut off the discharge of supercapacitor 201 according to the discharge time. The mode of judging whether the expected time is correct through redundancy conforms to the redundancy design of the satellite power storage system, and the stability of the satellite power storage system is remarkably improved. Moreover, the distinguishing mode is simple and quick, and the distinguishing can be quickly realized without adding extra electronic elements. Although the subsequent discharge time obtained by using the prior knowledge is not accurate enough, the accuracy can be improved by continuously training a neural network algorithm.

The word "module" as used herein describes any type of hardware, software, or combination of hardware and software that is capable of performing the functions associated with the "module".

It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are exemplary, and that those skilled in the art, having benefit of the present disclosure, may devise various arrangements that are within the scope of the present disclosure and that fall within the scope of the invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present specification and figures are illustrative only and are not limiting upon the claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A satellite platform with a power supply architecture, the power supply architecture of the satellite platform at least comprises a solar battery array (1), an energy storage module (2) and a management module (3),

the energy storage module (2) comprises super capacitors (201) and storage batteries, a plurality of super capacitors (201) can be connected in parallel and then connected in series to form a super capacitor group, a plurality of storage batteries can form a storage battery group (202), the super capacitor group formed by the super capacitors (201) is connected in parallel with the storage battery group (202),

The specifications of the super capacitor (201) and the storage battery pack (202) are determined based on the specific specification and application when the satellite platform is designed,

in case the satellite platform is in an attitude orbit modification resulting in a high bus instantaneous power demand, the management module (3) is configured to: under the condition that the discharging pressure difference exceeds a first threshold value in the power supply process of a plurality of super capacitors (201) in an energy storage module (2), the discharging time of each super capacitor (201) is expected according to the voltage value and the current value obtained in the charging process of at least one super capacitor (201) in the energy storage module (2), and the connection among the super capacitors (201) is sequentially cut off in a mode of absorbing energy fed back by a bus and the super capacitors (201) based on the length sequence of the discharging time, so that the power requirements of different electric equipment in the satellite platform are matched.

2. Satellite platform according to claim 1, characterized in that said management module (3) comprises at least one energy storage component (301) absorbing the energy fed back by the busbars and by said super-capacitors (201), wherein,

at least one energy storage component (301) is positioned between any two super capacitors (201), and the energy storage components (301) are respectively connected with the head parts and the tail parts of the super capacitors (201) to form at least two loops, wherein,

At least one switch (302) capable of realizing the bidirectional flow of energy between the two super capacitors (201) under the control of the management module (3) is arranged in the two loops.

3. Satellite platform according to claim 2, characterized in that the management module (3) is configured to switch on a switch (302) connected to the supercapacitor (201) by means of its control processor (304), wherein,

when one switch (302) in the circuit of the power supply architecture is conducted, the super capacitor (201), the switch (302) and one energy storage component (301) form a communicated loop, wherein,

the current flowing out of the super capacitor (201) flows to the switch (302) and the energy storage component (301) instead of flowing to the storage battery pack (202) in the energy storage module (2), and the current of the super capacitor (201) adjacent to the super capacitor (201) flows to the energy storage component (301), so that the energy storage component (301) can store part of the energy provided by the adjacent super capacitor (201).

4. The satellite platform according to claim 3, wherein in case that a plurality of super capacitors (201) are disconnected from each other, the management module (3) is configured to sequentially control at least one energy storage component (301) to release the energy fed back by the bus to the super capacitors (201) based on the length of the discharge time.

5. Satellite platform according to claim 4, characterized in that the management module (3) is configured to: and constructing a relation model for calculating the voltage and the current of the super capacitor (201), and collecting the voltage value and the current value of the super capacitor (201) in the charging process of the super capacitor (201) and/or the discharging process of the super capacitor (201) to the storage battery pack (202) and a bus.

6. Satellite platform according to claim 5, characterized in that the management module (3) is configured to: calculating the capacitance value and the internal resistance of the super capacitor (201) based on the relation model and the voltage value and the current value, thereby expecting the discharge time of the super capacitor (201);

alternatively, the management module (3) is configured to: under the condition that the super capacitor (201) is in a standing state, the voltage value and the current value collected in the power supply process of the super capacitor (201) are collected again, and the discharge time of the super capacitor (201) is expected again based on the voltage value and the current value.

7. Satellite platform according to claim 6, characterized in that the management module (3) is configured to: collecting voltage values and current values between a plurality of adjacent super capacitors (201) at least two moments before the solar cell array supplies power to the super capacitors (201), and identifying based on differences between capacitance values and/or differences between internal resistances calculated by the plurality of adjacent super capacitors (201) at least two moments, wherein,

And under the condition that the difference between the capacitance values and/or the difference between the internal resistances are smaller than the corresponding second threshold values, the management module (3) judges that the identified capacitance values are correct and updates the capacitance values and the internal resistances of the super capacitor (201).

8. Satellite platform according to claim 7, characterized in that the management module (3) is configured to: at least three voltages of the super capacitor (201) are collected at the same time, and when the difference of the discharge voltages exceeds a first threshold value in the process of supplying power to the super capacitor (201),

the management module (3) is configured to take the voltage of the super capacitor (201) with lower voltage as reference voltage and compare with the voltage of other super capacitors (201),

and when the voltages of other super capacitors (201) are smaller than the reference voltage, the management module (3) takes the voltage smaller than the reference voltage as a new reference voltage and compares the new reference voltage with the voltages of other super capacitors (201) which are not compared, so as to generate the identification values of all super capacitors (201) collected at the current moment.

9. Satellite platform according to claim 8, characterized in that during the period in which the management module (3) expects the discharge time of each supercapacitor (201) with a voltage value and a current value,

When the expected discharging time of the super capacitor (201) with the lowest voltage at the same moment is longer than that of the super capacitor (201) with the highest voltage and is also longer than that of at least one other super capacitor (201), the management module (3) is configured to sequentially cut off the connection between the super capacitors (201) and the bus and between the super capacitors based on the sequence of the voltages of the super capacitors (201).

10. Satellite platform according to claim 9, wherein in case the expected discharge time of the super capacitor (201) with the lowest voltage is less than the expected discharge time of the super capacitor (201) with the highest voltage at the same time,

the management module (3) is configured to modify an expected discharge time of the supercapacitor (201) based on the identification value, wherein,

in the case that the expected discharge time of the supercapacitor (201) with the lowest voltage at the same moment is greater than the expected discharge times of at least two other supercapacitors (201) and the difference between the expected discharge times does not exceed a third threshold, the management module (3) is configured to modify the expected discharge time of the supercapacitor (201) based on a linear model constructed from the identification values.