CN108923518A - A kind of modularization super capacitor energy-storage system capacity balance control method based on balanced bus - Google Patents
A kind of modularization super capacitor energy-storage system capacity balance control method based on balanced bus Download PDFInfo
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- CN108923518A CN108923518A CN201810995351.9A CN201810995351A CN108923518A CN 108923518 A CN108923518 A CN 108923518A CN 201810995351 A CN201810995351 A CN 201810995351A CN 108923518 A CN108923518 A CN 108923518A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/345—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering using capacitors as storage or buffering devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J15/00—Systems for storing electric energy
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Abstract
The invention proposes a kind of modularization super capacitor energy-storage system capacity balance control method based on balanced bus, belongs to super capacitor mould group balancing energy control technology field in super capacitor energy-storage system.Include the following steps:Establish system common voltage outer ring;Establish submodule group separate current inner ring;By the SOC value of energy highest mould group in balanced bus selecting system as reference;It is adjusted using SOC reference and itself SOC value of mould group are given to submodule group current inner loop;By controlling the charge and discharge operating status of submodule group, realizing energy dynamics Balance route between energy-storage system group using System current and current reference adjusted as the input of current regulator.Many advantages, such as it is simple that the control method has a structure, is suitable for multi-tool group cascade system, the modular capability and faults-tolerant control ability of lifting system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of modularization super capacitor energy-storage system capacity balance control method based on balanced bus belongs to
The super capacitor mould group balancing energy control technology field in super capacitor energy-storage system.
Background technique
As Urbanization in China is constantly accelerated, urban track traffic is developed rapidly.Super capacitor energy-storage system
It unites as the auxiliary power supply for promoting energy utilization efficiency in power supply of urban orbit traffic system, has obtained extensive concern.Storage
The pressure resistance of super capacitor mould group is lower in energy system, needs to connect by multimode group to adapt to the application of high pressure occasion.However by
The reasons such as parameter differences will lead to energy and be unevenly distributed between mould group between mould group, and super capacitor mould group easily occurs when longtime running
It overcharges, over-discharge phenomenon, seriously threatens the safe operation of system.Therefore super capacitor energy-storage system needs to be equipped in actual use
Balancing energy management system.Currently used balancing energy method may be summarized to be passive type equilibrium and active equilibrium.Wherein
Passive method uses the form of external equalizing resistance, and the energy in high energy distribution mould group is consumed;Active equalization side
The realization approach of method is that the energy in high energy distribution mould group is shifted low energy mould group by external power electronics converting means
In.However, these balancing techniques the main problems are as follows:
(1) equalization methods lead to the reduction of the energy-storage system degree of modularity, do not utilize system expanded application;
(2) energy-storage system is caused integrally to control complexity, the reliability of system reduces;
(3) energy-storage system cost is excessively high.
Summary of the invention
The present invention for how system modular hardware constitute on the basis of lifting control method the degree of modularity, and
And the complexity of equal balance system control how is reduced, and promote the reliability of energy-storage system, it proposes a kind of based on balanced bus
Modularization super capacitor energy-storage system capacity balance control method, the technical solution taken is as follows:
A kind of modularization super capacitor energy-storage system capacity balance control method based on balanced bus, the balancing energy
Control method includes:
Step 1:Building system common voltage control ring;The system common voltage control ring include Voltage Reference it is given,
DC bus-bar voltage value of feedback and voltage close loop adjuster, and the output valve of Voltage loop is transmitted to every height by communication line
In mould group current controller;
Step 2:Construct each submodule group separate current closed loop;Each submodule group separate current closed loop include current reference,
System power value of feedback and electric current loop adjuster;
Step 3:Each submodule group utilizes the SOC value that super capacitor mould group in parallel is obtained according to SOC value computation model, described
SOC value computation model is as follows:
Wherein:CscFor the capacity of super capacitor mould group, unit is farad;QsIt is single for the specified amount of charge stored of super capacitor
Position is coulomb;usciFor the voltage value of i-th of super capacitor mould group;
Step 4:Construct the balanced bus circuit based on hardware circuit;The equilibrium bus circuit includes multiple diodes
And the conducting wire with good function of shielding;Wherein, each diode is respectively positioned on the son of the modularization super capacitor energy-storage system
In module controller, the cathode of whole diodes is connected by balanced bus;
Step 5:Each submodule group controller is calculated into the SOC information generated, analog voltage is converted by D/A converter
Signal, and it is connected to the anode of diode;
Step 6:Each submodule group controller acquires the voltage signal in balanced bus, and collection result is passed through balanced electricity
It flows reference value model and generates euqalizing current reference value, wherein the euqalizing current reference value model is:
irefi=iref[1-k(SOCmax-SOCi)]
Wherein, irefFor the primary current reference value that common electrical pressure ring generates, irefiFor the euqalizing current ginseng of i-th of mould group
Examine value, SOCmaxFor the maximum SOC value generated by balanced bus, k is equalizing coefficient;
Step 7:DC bus current signal is acquired, and calculates final given value of current value according to given value of current value model,
Wherein, the given value of current value model is:
Wherein,For final current reference value, β0For correction factor, sgn () is sign function;
Step 8:Each submodule group is calculated according to final given value of current value and the system power of sampling by current regulator
Respective duty ratio is generated, the conducting and shutdown of the switching device of submodule group are controlled.
Further, the output valve of system common voltage control ring described in step 1 is that primary current refers to given value;Institute
It states output valve and each submodule group is passed to by communication mode;The communication mode includes RS485, CAN or TCPIP.
Further, the current closed-loop current feedback values having the same of each submodule group described in step 2, and electric current is given
Fixed input is ultimate current given value after adjustment.
Further, the number of submodule group described in step 2 is greater than 2.
Further, it is transformed into the SOC value of analog voltage signal in step 5, passes through before connecting with diode anode
Level-one conditioning circuit, the effect of the conditioning circuit are the influences eliminating the pressure drop of diode and selecting SOC.
Further, equalizing coefficient described in step 6 meets two conditions, and described two conditions are as follows:
iref(1-kΔSOC) 0 >
Wherein, Δ ILFor current deviation value, Δ SOC SOC difference between group.
Further, correction factor described in step 7 meets two conditions, and described two conditions are as follows:
iref(1-kΔSOC) 0 >
Wherein, Δ ILFor current deviation value, Δ SOC SOC difference between group.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The control of the balancing energy between a kind of modularization super capacitor energy-storage system group based on balanced bus of the present invention
Method.The control method is made of unified outer voltage and each independent current inner loop of submodule group.In order to realize energy between group
Balance route has drawn to enter balanced bus between submodule group.Balanced bus can from whole mould groups automatic screening super capacitor mould
The maximum SOC value of group, and be sent into the current regulator of each submodule group as reference, by given to system power inner ring
Adjustment, enable each submodule group according to SOC reference and itself SOC value of mould group adjustment put into operation the time, filled in energy-storage system
Balancing energy controls between realization group in the dynamic process of electric discharge.
Balancing energy control method proposed by the invention has the following advantages that:
1, control method structure does not change with the variation of mould group quantity, is suitable for multimode group cascade energy storage system;
2, by energy stores and the unitized processing of balancing energy control, the use of external Equilibrium circuit is avoided, is reduced
Energy-storage system cost;
3, when arbitrary mould group failure, it can cut off directly from system and be operated normally without influencing its complementary modul group, improve and be
The faults-tolerant control ability of system;
4, maximum SOC is not needed the control resource of consumption controller, is reduced to master control by hardware circuit automatic screening
The performance requirement of device processed;
5, whole mould group SOC information do not need to focus on, and enhance the real-time of system equalization control.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 modularization super capacitor energy-storage system construction drawing.
Modularization super capacitor energy-storage system capacity Balance route strategy block diagram of the Fig. 2 based on balanced bus.
Balanced experimental waveform under Fig. 3 discharge mode;
It wherein, a) is busbar voltage and system power response curve;It b) is super capacitor mould group SOC curve;It c) is group
Between SOC difference curve.
Balanced experimental waveform under Fig. 4 charge mode;
It wherein, a) is busbar voltage and system power response curve;It b) is super capacitor mould group SOC curve;C) between group
SOC difference curve.
Busbar voltage and system power waveform when Fig. 5 no current correction link;
Wherein, b) it is waveform under charge mode;It c) is waveform under discharge mode.
Equalization discharge experimental result when Fig. 6 single mode group is unbalanced;
Wherein, a) bent for SOC variation under discharge mode;It b) is SOC difference curve under discharge mode.
Charge balancing experimental result when Fig. 7 single mode group is unbalanced;
Wherein, a) bent for SOC variation under charge mode;It b) is SOC difference curve under charge mode.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described combined with specific embodiments below, but the present invention should not be limited by the examples.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of modularization super capacitor energy-storage system capacity balance control method based on balanced bus, Fig. 1 show mould
The structure chart of block super capacitor energy-storage system.Fig. 2 show the super electricity of the modularization based on balanced bus proposed by the present invention
Hold energy-storage system balancing energy control strategy.As shown in Fig. 2, the balancing energy control method includes:
Step 1:Building system common voltage control ring;The system common voltage control ring include Voltage Reference it is given,
DC bus-bar voltage value of feedback and voltage close loop adjuster, and the output valve of Voltage loop is transmitted to every height by communication line
In mould group current controller;
Step 2:Construct each submodule group separate current closed loop;Each submodule group separate current closed loop include current reference,
System power value of feedback and electric current loop adjuster;
Step 3:Each submodule group utilizes the SOC value that super capacitor mould group in parallel is obtained according to SOC value computation model, described
SOC value computation model is as follows:
Wherein:CscFor the capacity of super capacitor mould group, unit is farad;QsIt is single for the specified amount of charge stored of super capacitor
Position is coulomb;usciFor the voltage value of i-th of super capacitor mould group;
Step 4:Construct the balanced bus circuit based on hardware circuit;The equilibrium bus circuit includes multiple diodes
And the conducting wire with good function of shielding;Wherein, each diode is respectively positioned on the son of the modularization super capacitor energy-storage system
In module controller, the cathode of whole diodes is connected by balanced bus;
Step 5:Each submodule group controller is calculated into the SOC information generated, analog voltage is converted by D/A converter
Signal, and it is connected to the anode of diode;
Step 6:Each submodule group controller acquires the voltage signal in balanced bus, and collection result is passed through balanced electricity
It flows reference value model and generates euqalizing current reference value, wherein the euqalizing current reference value model is:
irefi=iref[1-k(SOCmax-SOCi)]
Wherein, irefFor the primary current reference value that common electrical pressure ring generates, irefiFor the euqalizing current ginseng of i-th of mould group
Examine value, SOCmaxFor the maximum SOC value generated by balanced bus, k is equalizing coefficient;
Step 7:DC bus current signal is acquired, and calculates final given value of current value according to given value of current value model,
Wherein, the given value of current value model is:
Wherein,For final current reference value, β0For correction factor, sgn () is sign function;
Step 8:Each submodule group is calculated according to final given value of current value and the system power of sampling by current regulator
Respective duty ratio is generated, the conducting and shutdown of the switching device of submodule group are controlled.
Wherein, the output valve of system common voltage control ring described in step 1 is that primary current refers to given value;It is described defeated
Value passes to each submodule group by communication mode out;The communication mode includes RS485, CAN or TCPIP.
The current closed-loop current feedback values having the same of each submodule group described in step 2, and given value of current input is tune
Ultimate current given value after whole, and the number of the submodule group is greater than 2.
It is transformed into the SOC value of analog voltage signal in step 5, is improved before connecting with diode anode by level-one
Circuit, the effect of the conditioning circuit are the influences eliminating the pressure drop of diode and selecting SOC.
Equalizing coefficient described in step 6 and step 7 and correction factor meet two conditions:One, system power is inclined
Difference must be controlled always within the deviation range that system allows;It two, should be always by the given value of current that SOC correction link generates
For positive value.Two conditions can be expressed as using formula:The form of expression of described two conditions is as follows:
iref(1-kΔSOC) 0 >
Wherein, Δ ILFor current deviation value, Δ SOC SOC difference between group.
The present invention is based on the modularization super capacitor energy-storage system capacity balance control methods of balanced bus to utilize 3 submodule groups
Physical simulation experiment platform verifies it, and specific verification result is described as follows:
Fig. 3 to Fig. 7 show the experimental verification figure of Balance route strategy of the present invention.U in figuredcFor DC bus-bar voltage electricity
Pressure, iLFor System current, SOC1、SOC2And SOC3The SOC value of respectively three super capacitor mould groups, △ SOCi-jIt is super
The SOC difference of capacitor i-th of mould group and j-th of mould group.Experiment sets busbar voltage steady-state value as 80V, the specified work of energy-storage system
Making electric current is 15A.
Fig. 3 show the balanced experimental result picture under energy storage system discharges mode.Bus initial voltage is 70V, and three groups super
The initial SOC value of grade electric capacity module is respectively 0.64,0.76 and 0.7.Energy-storage system shown in Fig. 3 (a) is with the electricity of 14.5A size
DC bus electric discharge is flowed to, to promote busbar voltage to steady-state value 80V.The energy-storage system steady-state discharge time is about 2s.SOC variation
Shown in curve such as Fig. 3 (b).Fig. 3 (c) show SOC the change of divergence curve, △ SOC2-3With △ SOC3-1Respectively it is stable
0.038 and 0.042, compared with initial value difference equilibrium 36.7% and 30%.
Fig. 4 show the balanced experimental result picture under energy-storage system charge mode.Bus initial voltage is 98V, and three groups super
The initial SOC value of grade electric capacity module is respectively 0.74,0.68 and 0.62.Fig. 4 (a) show charge mode Down Highway voltage and storage
Can system current-responsive curve, energy-storage system with the electric current storage energy of stable state 14.5A size, busbar voltage by 98V gradually
Drop to rated value 80V.The stable state charging time continues about 4.6s.Fig. 4 (b) and (c) show the variation of the SOC under charge mode
Curve and SOC difference curve.After charging complete, SOC difference △ SOC between group1-2With △ SOC3-1Respectively it is stable 0.012 with
0.035, compared with initial time difference equilibrium 80% and 41.7%.
Be respectively busbar voltage under the electric discharge and charge mode when being not powered on stream correction link shown in Fig. 5 (a) and (b) with
Current-responsive curve.When due to non-correction up link, systematic steady state electric current is smaller, and the steady-state discharge time continue for about 2.15s,
The stable state charging time continue for about 5.2s.Therefore, it is known that increase the electric current control that current correction link is able to ascend balance policy
Ability processed.
Fig. 6 show the unbalanced experimental result picture of discharge mode single-mode group.Bus initial voltage is 70V, and three groups super
The initial SOC value of electric capacity module is respectively 0.7,0.76 and 0.7.Fig. 6 (a) is respectively SOC change curve and SOC poor with (b)
Different curve graph, during discharge △ SOC1-3Remain 0, and △ SOC2-3It is final to stablize 0.03, it is equal compared with initial value
Weigh 50%.
Fig. 7 show the unbalanced experimental result picture of charge mode single-mode group.Bus initial voltage is 98V, and three groups super
The initial SOC value of electric capacity module is respectively 0.74,0.68 and 0.68.Fig. 7 (a) and (b) are respectively SOC change curve and SOC
Difference curve figure, during the charging process △ SOC2-3Remain 0, and △ SOC1-3It is final to stablize 0.02, compared with initial value
Balanced 66.7%.
Although the present invention has been disclosed in the preferred embodiment as above, it is not intended to limit the invention, any to be familiar with this
The people of technology can do various changes and modification, therefore protection of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention
Range should subject to the definition of the claims.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of modularization super capacitor energy-storage system capacity balance control method based on balanced bus, which is characterized in that institute
Stating balancing energy control method includes:
Step 1:Building system common voltage control ring;The system common voltage control ring includes that Voltage Reference is given, direct current
Bus voltage feedback value and voltage close loop adjuster, and the output valve of Voltage loop is transmitted to each submodule group by communication line
In current controller;
Step 2:Construct each submodule group separate current closed loop;Each submodule group separate current closed loop includes current reference, system
Current feedback values and electric current loop adjuster;
Step 3:Each submodule group utilizes the SOC value that super capacitor mould group in parallel is obtained according to SOC value computation model, the SOC value
Computation model is as follows:
Wherein:CscFor the capacity of super capacitor mould group, unit is farad;QsFor the specified amount of charge stored of super capacitor, unit is
Coulomb;usciFor the voltage value of i-th of super capacitor mould group;
Step 4:Construct the balanced bus circuit based on hardware circuit;The equilibrium bus circuit includes multiple diodes and tool
There is the conducting wire of good function of shielding;Wherein, each diode is respectively positioned on the submodule group of the modularization super capacitor energy-storage system
On controller, the cathode of whole diodes is connected by balanced bus;
Step 5:Each submodule group controller is calculated into the SOC information generated, analog voltage signal is converted by D/A converter,
And it is connected to the anode of diode;
Step 6:Each submodule group controller acquires the voltage signal in balanced bus, and collection result is joined by euqalizing current
It examines value model and generates euqalizing current reference value, wherein the euqalizing current reference value model is:
irefi=iref[1-k(SOCmax-SOCi)]
Wherein, irefFor the primary current reference value that common electrical pressure ring generates, irefiFor the euqalizing current reference value of i-th of mould group,
SOCmaxFor the maximum SOC value generated by balanced bus, k is equalizing coefficient;
Step 7:DC bus current signal is acquired, and calculates final given value of current value according to given value of current value model,
In, the given value of current value model is:
Wherein,For final current reference value, β0For correction factor, sgn () is sign function;
Step 8:Each submodule group is calculated by current regulator according to final given value of current value and the system power of sampling and is generated
Respective duty ratio controls the conducting and shutdown of the switching device of submodule group.
2. balancing energy control method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the control of system common voltage described in step 1
The output valve of ring is that primary current refers to given value;The output valve passes to each submodule group by communication mode;The communication
Mode includes RS485, CAN or TCPIP.
3. balancing energy control method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the electric current of each submodule group described in step 2
Closed loop current feedback values having the same, and given value of current input is ultimate current given value after adjustment.
4. balancing energy control method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the number of submodule group described in step 2 is big
In 2.
5. balancing energy control method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that be transformed into analog voltage letter in step 5
Number SOC value, before connecting with diode anode pass through level-one conditioning circuit.
6. balancing energy control method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that equalizing coefficient described in step 6 meets two
Condition, described two conditions are as follows:
iref(1-k Δ SOC) > 0
Wherein, Δ ILFor current deviation value, Δ SOC SOC difference between group.
7. balancing energy control method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that correction factor described in step 7 meets
Two conditions, described two conditions are as follows:
iref(1-k Δ SOC) > 0
Wherein, Δ ILFor current deviation value, Δ SOC SOC difference between group.
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