CN112102697A - Multifunctional experimental device for fault self-healing regulation and control and process control of centrifugal pump - Google Patents
Multifunctional experimental device for fault self-healing regulation and control and process control of centrifugal pump Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multifunctional experimental device for fault self-healing regulation and control and process control of a centrifugal pump, which has nine experimental functions of a process fluid mechanical experiment, a fault diagnosis and vibration suppression experiment and a process control experiment, and consists of a centrifugal pump circulating system and a data acquisition and control system. The data acquisition and control system is composed of a first pressure gauge, a second pressure gauge, a thermometer, a flowmeter, a liquid level meter, a current measuring sensor, a rotating speed sensor, a vibration sensor, a controller and an electric regulating valve. The process fluid mechanical experiment comprises a centrifugal pump performance measurement experiment and a centrifugal pump cavitation performance measurement experiment, the fault diagnosis and vibration control experiment comprises a centrifugal pump cavitation fault self-healing regulation experiment and centrifugal pump unbalanced vibration control, and the process control experiment comprises a regulating valve flow characteristic measurement experiment, a single-loop flow control experiment, a single-loop pressure control experiment, a single-loop temperature control experiment and a water tank object characteristic parameter measurement experiment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an experimental device, in particular to a multifunctional experimental device for fault self-healing regulation and process control of a centrifugal pump, and belongs to the technical field of industrial laboratories.
Background
Professional experiments are an important part in the practice teaching of the department of industry and the science, and the purpose is to consolidate the learned professional theoretical knowledge and train the practical ability and innovation consciousness of students. The existing process equipment experimental equipment has the following problems:
1. the experimental device has single function and can only perform a certain experiment, and as a result, the device has long idle time and low utilization rate;
2. the experimental device has a fixed structure, the experimental purpose is determined, the experimental content and the experimental scheme are difficult to change, and the training of the practical ability and the innovation consciousness of students is not facilitated;
3. the experimental content only relates to the single field of the fluid machinery, and the cross fusion of multi-subject knowledge points such as the fluid machinery, process control, vibration suppression and the like can not be realized in the experiment, so that the integration of professional knowledge of students is not facilitated;
4. the experimental device often can not directly be as scientific research experimental device, and the result is that teaching and scientific research interactivity is poor, and the student is difficult to contact the subject leading edge.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly solves the problems of single function, few knowledge points, poor teaching and scientific research interactivity, large volume of experimental devices and the like of the existing professional teaching experiment table. Therefore, the invention provides the centrifugal pump fault self-healing regulation and process control multifunctional experimental device which integrates nine experimental functions of a process fluid mechanical experiment, a fault diagnosis and vibration suppression experiment and a process control experiment. The process fluid mechanical experiment comprises a centrifugal pump performance measurement experiment and a centrifugal pump cavitation performance measurement experiment, the fault diagnosis and vibration control experiment comprises a centrifugal pump cavitation fault self-healing regulation experiment and centrifugal pump unbalanced vibration control, and the process control experiment comprises a regulating valve flow characteristic measurement experiment, a single-loop flow control experiment, a single-loop pressure control experiment, a single-loop temperature control experiment and a water tank object characteristic parameter measurement experiment.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a multifunctional experimental device for fault self-healing regulation and process control of a centrifugal pump comprises a set of centrifugal pump circulating system and a data acquisition and control system, wherein the centrifugal pump circulating system and the data acquisition and control system can independently operate. The data acquisition and control system is composed of a first pressure gauge, a second pressure gauge, a thermometer, a flowmeter, a liquid level meter, a current measuring sensor, a rotating speed sensor, a vibration sensor, a controller and an electric regulating valve.
A centrifugal pump inlet in the centrifugal pump circulating system is sequentially connected with a first pressure gauge, a thermometer, a water inlet valve and a lower water tank. A centrifugal pump outlet in the centrifugal pump circulating system is sequentially connected with a second pressure gauge, a flowmeter, an electric regulating valve, a water outlet valve, an upper water tank and a drain valve. The inlet of the bypass regulating valve is arranged between the second pressure gauge and the flowmeter, and the outlet of the bypass regulating valve is connected with the lower water tank.
Furthermore, pressure gauges are arranged on an inlet connecting pipeline and an outlet connecting pipeline of a centrifugal pump in the centrifugal pump circulating system, a thermometer is arranged on the inlet connecting pipeline, a flowmeter is arranged on the outlet connecting pipeline, a vibration sensor and a rotation speed sensor are installed on the centrifugal pump, and a liquid level meter and a thermometer are installed on the upper water tank.
The invention has nine experimental functions of three types, namely a process fluid mechanical experiment, a fault diagnosis and vibration suppression experiment and a process control experiment.
The process fluid mechanical experiment comprises a centrifugal pump performance measurement experiment and a centrifugal pump cavitation performance measurement experiment, and specifically comprises the following steps: controlling the opening of the electric regulating valve through a data acquisition and control system to gradually increase the flow of the circulating system, acquiring measurement data of a pressure gauge, a flowmeter, a centrifugal pump speed sensor and a current sensor, and drawing a performance curve of the centrifugal pump; by adjusting the opening of the pipeline valve, the simulation of the centrifugal pump cavitation fault is realized, and an effective cavitation allowance curve and a vibration curve of the centrifugal pump are calculated and drawn.
The fault diagnosis and vibration suppression experiment comprises a centrifugal pump cavitation fault self-healing regulation experiment and a centrifugal pump unbalance vibration control experiment, and specifically comprises the following steps: identifying the occurrence of cavitation faults through the change of a performance curve and the signal change of a centrifugal pump vibration sensor, and actively adjusting the opening of a valve through a control system to realize the inhibition of the cavitation faults; the unbalance fault of the centrifugal pump is simulated by a mode of punching to remove weight or screwing a screw to increase weight at the position of a fan or an impeller of the centrifugal pump, and after the total unbalance of the centrifugal pump is positioned by signal acquisition and analysis of a vibration sensor and a rotating speed sensor which are arranged on the centrifugal pump, a balance weight is arranged at the symmetrical position of the unbalance through threaded connection to offset the original unbalance, so that the unbalance vibration control is realized.
The process control experiment includes 5 experiments of governing valve flow characteristic survey experiment, single loop flow control experiment, single loop pressure control experiment, single loop temperature control experiment, basin object characteristic parameter survey experiment altogether, specifically is: controlling the opening of the electric regulating valve to increase or decrease at a constant speed through a data acquisition and control system, acquiring measurement data of a flowmeter, and drawing a characteristic curve of the regulating valve; the flow of a main loop of a centrifugal pump circulating system deviates from a set value of the system flow by manually adjusting the opening of a bypass adjusting valve, and a data acquisition and control system measures data through an acquired flowmeter and returns the flow of the circulating system to the set value by adjusting the opening of an electric adjusting valve after determining the deviation of the flow and the set value; the opening of the bypass regulating valve is manually regulated to enable the pressure at the outlet of the centrifugal pump to deviate from a set value, the data acquisition and control system acquires pressure gauge measurement data at the outlet of the centrifugal pump to determine the deviation amount of the pressure at the outlet of the centrifugal pump from the set value, and then the rotating speed of the centrifugal pump is changed through a frequency converter or the opening of an electric regulating valve is changed to enable the pressure after the centrifugal pump is pumped to be recovered to the set value; the upper water tank stores a certain amount of liquid, the data acquisition and control system acquires data measured by the thermometer, when the measured temperature is lower than a set value, the heating rod is started to heat the water to the set value, and when the temperature is higher than the set value, the centrifugal pump is started to supply water to the upper water tank until the water temperature is reduced to the set value; the water inlet amount of the upper water tank is changed by adjusting the opening degree of the bypass adjusting valve, the data acquisition and control system determines the difference value between the liquid level of the upper water tank and the set value through the acquired measured data of the liquid level meter of the upper water tank, and the water inlet amount of the upper water tank is changed by adjusting the rotating speed of the centrifugal pump or the opening degree of the electric adjusting valve, so that the liquid level is restored to the set value. Professional experiments in multiple subject fields such as fluid machinery, process control, vibration suppression and the like can be completed on the experiment table, and cross fusion of subjects is facilitated;
introducing relevant technical knowledge of self-healing regulation and control and autonomous health of equipment following the professional science and technology front, and widening the scientific research visual field of students through demonstration of a cavitation fault self-healing regulation and control experiment;
the experiment table has multiple functions, is simple and convenient to operate, has a compact structure and is convenient for experiment equipment management.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the experimental apparatus.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a process fluid machine experiment and fault diagnosis and vibration control experiment.
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a process control experiment.
Wherein 1-lower water tank, 2-inlet valve, 3-thermometer, 4-first pressure gauge, 5-vibration sensor (s1), 6-centrifugal pump, 7-rotation speed sensor (s2), 8-second pressure gauge, 9-flowmeter, 10-bypass regulating valve, 11-electric regulating valve, 12-outlet valve, 13-upper water tank thermometer, 14-upper water tank, 15-heating rod, 16-drain valve and 17-upper water tank liquid level meter
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples.
As shown in attached figure 1, the centrifugal pump circulating system of the multifunctional experimental device for centrifugal pump fault self-healing regulation and process control comprises a lower water tank, a water inlet valve, a thermometer, a first pressure gauge, a centrifugal pump, a second pressure gauge, a flowmeter, an electric regulating valve, a water outlet valve, an upper water tank, a drain valve and a bypass regulating valve. Wherein the upper water tank is provided with a thermometer and a liquid level meter, and the centrifugal pump is provided with a vibration sensor and a rotating speed sensor.
The method for measuring the characteristic curve of the centrifugal pump comprises the following steps: a. opening the water inlet valve, the water outlet valve, the water discharge valve and the electric regulating valve; b. starting a pump set, starting a data acquisition and control system when the centrifugal pump runs to a rated state, entering a centrifugal pump characteristic curve measurement experiment interface, and emptying a database; c. adjusting the opening of the electric regulating valve to gradually increase until the electric regulating valve is in a full-open state, acquiring and recording the pressure and the flow of the inlet and the outlet of the centrifugal pump, the rotating speed of the centrifugal pump and the current of the motor of the regulating valve under different openings by a data acquisition and control system, and drawing a characteristic curve of the centrifugal pump; d. and (5) stopping the centrifugal pump, closing the water inlet valve, the water outlet valve, the water discharge valve and the electric regulating valve, and ending the characteristic curve determination experiment of the centrifugal pump.
The method for measuring the cavitation performance of the centrifugal pump comprises the following steps: a. opening the water inlet valve, the water outlet valve and the drain valve, and adjusting the opening degree of the electric regulating valve to be in a fully closed state; b. starting a pump set, starting a data acquisition and control system when the running state of the centrifugal pump is adjusted to a rated state, entering a cavitation performance testing experiment interface of the centrifugal pump, and emptying a database; c. opening the water outlet valve, the electric regulating valve and the water discharge valve to the maximum, gradually closing the opening of the water inlet valve, collecting the water flow temperature of a circulating system of the centrifugal pump, the pressure and the flow of an inlet and an outlet of the centrifugal pump by a data collecting and controlling system, and calculating and drawing an effective cavitation allowance curve and a vibration curve of the centrifugal pump until the centrifugal pump has a cavitation fault; d. reducing the opening of the electric regulating valve, and repeating the experiment step c until no cavitation occurs; e. and (4) stopping the centrifugal pump, and closing the water inlet valve, the water outlet valve, the water discharge valve and the electric regulating valve.
The self-healing regulation and control experimental method for the cavitation fault of the centrifugal pump comprises the following steps: a. opening the water inlet valve, the water outlet valve and the drain valve, and adjusting the opening degree of the electric regulating valve to be in a fully closed state; b. starting a pump set, starting a data acquisition and control system when the running state of the centrifugal pump is adjusted to a rated state, entering a centrifugal pump cavitation fault self-healing regulation and control experiment interface, and emptying a database; c. opening the water outlet valve, the electric regulating valve and the water discharge valve to the maximum, gradually closing the opening of the water inlet valve, collecting the water flow temperature of a circulating system of the centrifugal pump, the pressure and the flow of an inlet and an outlet of the centrifugal pump by a data collecting and controlling system, and calculating and drawing an effective cavitation allowance curve and a vibration curve of the centrifugal pump until the centrifugal pump has a cavitation fault; d. starting centrifugal pump cavitation fault self-healing regulation and control software, calculating the theoretical opening of an electric regulating valve capable of inhibiting cavitation faults based on a self-healing regulation and control method and current operating parameters of the centrifugal pump, and outputting a control instruction to regulate the opening of the electric regulating valve to a calculated value so as to complete self-healing regulation and control of the cavitation faults; e. reducing the initial opening of the electric regulating valve, and repeating the experimental steps c and d; f. and after the centrifugal pump circulating system normally operates for a period of time, the centrifugal pump is shut down, the water inlet valve, the water outlet valve, the water discharge valve and the electric regulating valve are closed, and the centrifugal pump cavitation fault self-healing regulation and control experiment is completed.
The centrifugal pump unbalance vibration control experiment method comprises the following steps: a. opening the water inlet valve, the water outlet valve, the water discharge valve and the electric regulating valve; b. the unbalance fault of the centrifugal pump is simulated by punching or screwing a screw at the position of a fan or an impeller of the centrifugal pump; c. starting a pump set, and positioning the total unbalance amount by acquiring and analyzing vibration signals of a vibration sensor and a rotating speed sensor which are arranged on the centrifugal pump; d. stopping the centrifugal pump, and installing a balance weight with the same size as the unbalance amount at the position opposite to the measured unbalance amount through threaded connection; e. restarting the centrifugal pump, and observing the change of the vibration amplitude of the centrifugal pump; f. and after the circulating system of the centrifugal pump normally operates for a period of time, the centrifugal pump is shut down, and the water inlet valve, the water outlet valve, the water discharge valve and the electric regulating valve are closed.
The experimental method for measuring the flow characteristic of the regulating valve comprises the following steps: a. opening the water inlet valve, the water outlet valve, the water discharge valve and the electric regulating valve; b. starting a pump set, starting a data acquisition and control system when the centrifugal pump runs to a rated state, entering a regulating valve characteristic curve measurement experiment interface, and emptying a database; c. adjusting the opening of the electric regulating valve to gradually increase until the electric regulating valve is in a fully open state, acquiring and recording the flow of the regulating valve under different openings by a data acquisition and control system, and drawing a regulating valve flow characteristic curve; c. and (4) stopping the centrifugal pump, closing the water inlet valve, the water outlet valve, the water discharge valve and the electric regulating valve, and ending the flow characteristic curve determination experiment of the regulating valve.
The single-loop flow control experimental method comprises the following steps: a. opening the water inlet valve, the water outlet valve and the drain valve to be in a full-open state, and adjusting the opening degrees of the bypass adjusting valve and the electric adjusting valve; b. starting a pump set, starting a data acquisition and control system when the running state of the centrifugal pump is adjusted to a rated state, entering a single-loop flow control experiment interface, and emptying a database; c. inputting the set flow of the centrifugal pump circulating system, adjusting the opening of the bypass adjusting valve after the centrifugal pump circulating system operates stably, adjusting the opening of the electric adjusting valve and acquiring the flow of the centrifugal pump circulating system by the data acquisition and control system, and drawing a flow change curve of the centrifugal pump until the flow of the centrifugal pump circulating system reaches a new stable state; d. and (4) stopping the centrifugal pump, and closing the water inlet valve, the water outlet valve, the water discharge valve, the bypass regulating valve and the electric regulating valve.
The single-loop pressure control experiment method comprises the following steps: a. opening the water inlet valve, the water outlet valve and the drain valve to be in a full-open state, and adjusting the opening degrees of the bypass adjusting valve and the electric adjusting valve; b. starting a pump set, starting a data acquisition and control system when the running state of the centrifugal pump is adjusted to a rated state, entering a single-loop pressure control experiment interface, and emptying a database; c. inputting set outlet pressure of the centrifugal pump, adjusting the opening of the bypass adjusting valve after the circulating system of the centrifugal pump operates stably, adjusting the rotating speed of the centrifugal pump and acquiring the outlet pressure of the centrifugal pump by the data acquisition and control system, and drawing an outlet pressure change curve of the centrifugal pump until the flow of the circulating system of the centrifugal pump reaches a new stable state; d. and (4) stopping the centrifugal pump, and closing the water inlet valve, the water outlet valve, the water discharge valve, the bypass regulating valve and the electric regulating valve.
The single-loop temperature control experiment method comprises the following steps: a. opening the water inlet valve and the water outlet valve to be in a fully open state, and adjusting the opening degree of the electric regulating valve; b. starting a pump set, stopping the centrifugal pump after a proper amount of liquid is stored in the water feeding tank, starting a data acquisition and control system, entering a single-loop temperature control experiment interface, and emptying a database; c. inputting a set water temperature, comparing the measured data of the upper water tank thermometer collected by the data collection and control system with a set value, controlling the on-off of the heating rod to control the water temperature of the upper water tank to be constant, drawing a water temperature change curve of the upper water tank, and realizing step excitation by adding a proper amount of water into the upper water tank by a centrifugal pump; d. and closing the pump set, opening the drain valve to discharge water into the upper water tank, closing the drain valve, and closing the water inlet valve, the water outlet valve and the electric regulating valve.
The characteristic parameter measurement experiment method of the water tank object comprises the following steps: a. opening the water inlet valve and the water outlet valve to be in a fully open state, and adjusting the electric adjusting valve, the bypass adjusting valve and the drain valve; b. starting a pump set, starting a data acquisition and control system, entering a water tank object characteristic parameter measurement experiment interface, and emptying a database; c. inputting a set upper water tank liquid level, collecting upper water tank liquid level meter and flowmeter measurement data by a data collection and control system, drawing an upper water tank liquid level change curve and a circulation system flow change curve, wherein step excitation can be realized by manually adjusting the opening of a bypass adjusting valve so as to adjust the inflow of the upper water tank; d. and closing the pump set, closing the drain valve after the drain valve drains the water stored in the upper water tank, and closing the water inlet valve, the water outlet valve, the bypass regulating valve and the electric regulating valve.
Claims (5)
1. Centrifugal pump fault self-healing regulation and control and process control multifunctional experimental device, its characterized in that: the device has nine experimental functions of a process fluid mechanical experiment, a fault diagnosis and vibration suppression experiment and a process control experiment, wherein the process fluid mechanical experiment comprises a centrifugal pump performance measurement experiment and a centrifugal pump cavitation performance measurement experiment, the fault diagnosis and vibration control experiment comprises a centrifugal pump cavitation fault self-healing regulation and control experiment and centrifugal pump unbalanced vibration control, and the process control experiment comprises a regulating valve flow characteristic measurement experiment, a single-loop flow control experiment, a single-loop pressure control experiment, a single-loop temperature control experiment and a water tank object characteristic parameter measurement experiment; the system consists of a set of centrifugal pump circulating system and a data acquisition and control system which can independently operate; the data acquisition and control system consists of a first pressure gauge, a second pressure gauge, a thermometer, a flowmeter, a liquid level meter, a current measuring sensor, a rotating speed sensor, a vibration sensor, a controller and an electric regulating valve;
the inlet of a centrifugal pump in the centrifugal pump circulating system is sequentially connected with a first pressure gauge, a thermometer, a water inlet valve and a lower water tank; a centrifugal pump outlet in the centrifugal pump circulating system is sequentially connected with a second pressure gauge, a flowmeter, an electric regulating valve, a water outlet valve, an upper water tank and a drain valve; the inlet of the bypass regulating valve is arranged between the second pressure gauge and the flowmeter, and the outlet of the bypass regulating valve is connected with the lower water tank.
2. The centrifugal pump fault self-healing regulation and control and process control multifunctional experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the centrifugal pump circulating system is characterized in that pressure gauges are arranged on inlet connecting pipelines and outlet connecting pipelines of the centrifugal pump, thermometers are arranged on the inlet connecting pipelines, flowmeters are arranged on the outlet connecting pipelines, vibration sensors and revolution speed sensors are arranged on the centrifugal pump, and a liquid level meter and a thermometer are arranged on an upper water tank.
3. The centrifugal pump fault self-healing regulation and control and process control multifunctional experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the process fluid mechanical experiment comprises a centrifugal pump performance measurement experiment and a centrifugal pump cavitation performance measurement experiment, specifically, the opening of an electric regulating valve is controlled by a data acquisition and control system, so that the flow of a circulating system is gradually increased, the measurement data of a pressure gauge, a flowmeter, a centrifugal pump speed sensor and a current sensor are acquired, and a performance curve of the centrifugal pump is drawn; by adjusting the opening of the pipeline valve, the simulation of the centrifugal pump cavitation fault is realized, and an effective cavitation allowance curve and a vibration curve of the centrifugal pump are calculated and drawn.
4. The centrifugal pump fault self-healing regulation and control and process control multifunctional experimental device according to claim 3, characterized in that: the fault diagnosis and vibration suppression experiment comprises a centrifugal pump cavitation fault self-healing regulation experiment and a centrifugal pump unbalance vibration control experiment, and specifically comprises the following steps: identifying the occurrence of cavitation faults through the change of a performance curve and the signal change of a centrifugal pump vibration sensor, and actively adjusting the opening of a valve through a control system to realize the inhibition of the cavitation faults; the unbalance fault of the centrifugal pump is simulated by a mode of punching to remove weight or screwing a screw to increase weight at the position of a fan or an impeller of the centrifugal pump, and after the total unbalance of the centrifugal pump is positioned by signal acquisition and analysis of a vibration sensor and a rotating speed sensor which are arranged on the centrifugal pump, a balance weight is arranged at the symmetrical position of the unbalance through threaded connection to offset the original unbalance, so that the unbalance vibration control is realized.
5. The centrifugal pump fault self-healing regulation and control and process control multifunctional experimental device according to claim 3, characterized in that: the process control experiment includes 5 experiments of governing valve flow characteristic survey experiment, single loop flow control experiment, single loop pressure control experiment, single loop temperature control experiment, basin object characteristic parameter survey experiment altogether, specifically is: controlling the opening of the electric regulating valve to increase or decrease at a constant speed through a data acquisition and control system, acquiring measurement data of a flowmeter, and drawing a characteristic curve of the regulating valve; the flow of a main loop of a centrifugal pump circulating system deviates from a set value of the system flow by manually adjusting the opening of a bypass adjusting valve, and a data acquisition and control system measures data through an acquired flowmeter and returns the flow of the circulating system to the set value by adjusting the opening of an electric adjusting valve after determining the deviation of the flow and the set value; the opening of the bypass regulating valve is manually regulated to enable the pressure at the outlet of the centrifugal pump to deviate from a set value, the data acquisition and control system acquires pressure gauge measurement data at the outlet of the centrifugal pump to determine the deviation amount of the pressure at the outlet of the centrifugal pump from the set value, and then the rotating speed of the centrifugal pump is changed through a frequency converter or the opening of an electric regulating valve is changed to enable the pressure after the centrifugal pump is pumped to be recovered to the set value; the upper water tank stores a certain amount of liquid, the data acquisition and control system acquires data measured by the thermometer, when the measured temperature is lower than a set value, the heating rod is started to heat the water to the set value, and when the temperature is higher than the set value, the centrifugal pump is started to supply water to the upper water tank until the water temperature is reduced to the set value; the water inlet amount of the upper water tank is changed by adjusting the opening degree of the bypass adjusting valve, the data acquisition and control system determines the difference value between the liquid level of the upper water tank and the set value through the acquired measured data of the liquid level meter of the upper water tank, and the water inlet amount of the upper water tank is changed by adjusting the rotating speed of the centrifugal pump or the opening degree of the electric adjusting valve, so that the liquid level is restored to the set value.
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| CN115617022A (en) * | 2022-11-11 | 2023-01-17 | 北京世纪隆博科技有限责任公司 | Control loop fault diagnosis and self-healing system and method |
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