CN112095764A - Method for preventing and treating terrace fertilizer pollution - Google Patents
Method for preventing and treating terrace fertilizer pollution Download PDFInfo
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- CN112095764A CN112095764A CN202010963298.1A CN202010963298A CN112095764A CN 112095764 A CN112095764 A CN 112095764A CN 202010963298 A CN202010963298 A CN 202010963298A CN 112095764 A CN112095764 A CN 112095764A
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- terrace
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F5/00—Sewerage structures
- E03F5/10—Collecting-tanks; Equalising-tanks for regulating the run-off; Laying-up basins
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B11/00—Drainage of soil, e.g. for agricultural purposes
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F5/00—Sewerage structures
- E03F5/14—Devices for separating liquid or solid substances from sewage, e.g. sand or sludge traps, rakes or grates
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preventing and treating terrace fertilizer pollution, and belongs to the technical field of crop cultivation. The method comprises the steps that a water collecting channel is arranged at the joint of a ridge of a first-level terrace and a next-level terrace, a water collecting pool is arranged at one end of the terrace, a water retaining ridge 30-40 cm higher than a field is arranged at the upper end of the ridge, and a plurality of water discharging holes are uniformly formed in the water retaining ridge of the terrace; two slopes are arranged on the ridge, the first-stage slope and the second-stage slope are arranged, the gradient of the first-stage slope is 70-80 ℃, the gradient of the second-stage slope is 30-40 ℃, and the water retaining ridge and the first-stage slope are planted with the sown pennisetum; planting pomegranate on the second-level slope, wherein the width ratio of the first-level slope to the second-level slope is 3-4: 1; the water collecting tank is of a two-layer structure, the upper layer and the lower layer are separated by a wire mesh, the wire mesh is provided with a large-particle-size gravel layer, an activated carbon layer is arranged in the lower-layer water collecting tank, the bottom of the lower layer is provided with a drain pipe, and large-particle gravels are arranged around the drain pipe; the water drainage pipe is connected with the irrigation system through a water suction pump. Can effectively prevent the terraced fields fertilizer from polluting the underground water.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for preventing and treating terrace fertilizer pollution, and belongs to the technical field of crop cultivation.
Background
The terraced fields are strip terraced fields or wavy fields with sections built on hilly and hilly slopes along the direction of contour lines. Is an effective measure for controlling the water and soil loss of slope farmland, and has very obvious effects of water storage, soil conservation and yield increase. The terrace has better ventilation and light transmission conditions, and is beneficial to the growth of crops and the accumulation of nutrient substances. There are horizontal terraces, sloping terraces, compound terraces, etc. according to the gradient of the field surface. The width of the terrace is determined according to the gradient of the ground, the thickness of the soil layer, the cultivation mode, the labor intensity and the economic condition, and is uniformly planned with a irrigation and drainage system and a traffic road. Surface soil is reserved when the terraced fields are built, and after the terraced fields are built, agricultural cultivation measures such as deep ploughing, additional application of organic fertilizer, planting of proper pioneer crops and the like are matched to accelerate soil curing and improve soil fertility.
Because most terraced fields are located on hillsides, when long-time rainfall or heavy rainstorm occurs, deep seepage of water and fertilizer of the terraced fields can occur, a large amount of water and fertilizer seeps into underground water to pollute an underground water source, the deep seepage phenomenon of materials is prevented and controlled by water-retaining materials in the prior art, the materials absorb water quickly, the water and fertilizer can be slowly released after being absorbed, and plant transpiration resistant agents and soil conditioners are applied to the surfaces. Although the method can reduce the waste of water and fertilizer and the evaporation loss, the cost is very high, the target water-retaining agent has higher price, the large-area application cannot be realized from the economic point of view, and the soil hardening can be caused by applying the water-retaining agent in successive years. In addition, when the amount of rainwater is too large or rains continuously for a long time, water and fertilizer leakage still occurs to pollute the underground water source, so that a new method for preventing and treating the fertilizer pollution of the terraced fields is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for preventing and treating the fertilizer pollution of terraced fields under the condition of very large rainwater quantity, which can effectively prevent the water fertilizer in the terraced fields from polluting underground water and specifically comprises the following contents:
(1) a water collecting channel is arranged at the joint of the ridge of the upper terrace and the lower terrace, a water collecting pool is arranged at one end of the terrace, a water retaining ridge 30-40 cm higher than the field is arranged at the upper end of the ridge, and a plurality of water discharging holes are uniformly formed in the water retaining ridge of the terrace; two slopes are arranged on the ridge, the first-stage slope and the second-stage slope are arranged, the gradient of the first-stage slope is 70-80 ℃, the gradient of the second-stage slope is 30-40 ℃, and the water retaining ridge and the first-stage slope are planted with the sown pennisetum; and planting the pomegranate on the second-level slope, wherein the width ratio between the first-level slope and the second-level slope is 3-4: 1.
(2) The water collecting tank is of a two-layer structure, the upper layer and the lower layer are separated by a wire mesh, the wire mesh is provided with a large-particle-size gravel layer, an activated carbon layer is arranged in the lower-layer water collecting tank, the bottom of the lower layer is provided with a drain pipe, and large-particle gravels are arranged around the drain pipe; the water drainage pipe is connected with the irrigation system through a water suction pump.
Preferably, the terrace surface of the invention inclines by 5-10 degrees from inside to outside.
Preferably, the water collecting channel and the water collecting tank are cast by concrete.
Preferably, the particle size of the gravel in the step (2) is 10-12 cm.
Preferably, the thickness of the gravel on the iron wire mesh in the step (2) is 15-20 cm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the method can prevent the water in the terrace from flowing into rivers and lakes when the rainwater amount is very large, the terrace is set to be a slightly inclined structure, and the water retaining bank is provided with the water outlet, so that the water in the field can be conveniently discharged in time; and simultaneously can prevent the soil on the ground from losing.
(2) According to the invention, the end of each terrace is provided with the water collecting tank which is divided into an upper layer and a lower layer and can further filter sandy soil, and the bottom of each terrace is provided with the activated carbon which can further adsorb organic heavy metals and the like in sewage.
(3) The method is divided into two slopes, namely a first-level slope and a second-level slope, and the first-level slope is planted with the sowthistle; the pomegranate is planted on the second-level slope, so that the soil can be well fixed, and the second-level slope can primarily block the soil flowing down from the upper terrace; meanwhile, the pennisetum alopecuroides can be used as a fertilizer and a feed to further increase the income of farmers, and the pomegranate can be used as a medicine and can also be eaten.
(4) The water in the water collecting tank can be used for irrigation again, a large water storage tank is built at intervals,
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following specific examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the above description.
Example 1
A method for preventing and controlling the pollution of terrace fertilizers comprises the following steps:
(1) a water collecting channel is arranged at the joint of the ridge of the upper terrace and the lower terrace, a water collecting pool is arranged at one end of the terrace, a water retaining ridge 30-40 cm higher than the field is arranged at the upper end of the ridge, and a plurality of water discharging holes are uniformly formed in the water retaining ridge of the terrace; two slopes are arranged on the ridge, the first-stage slope and the second-stage slope are arranged, the gradient of the first-stage slope is 70-80 ℃, the gradient of the second-stage slope is 30-40 ℃, and the water retaining ridge and the first-stage slope are planted with the sown pennisetum; and planting pomegranate on the second-level slope, wherein the width ratio between the first-level slope and the second-level slope is 3-4: 1, and the water collecting channel and the water collecting tank are obtained by pouring concrete.
(2) The water collecting tank is of a two-layer structure, the upper layer and the lower layer are separated by a wire mesh, and a large-particle-size gravel layer is arranged on the wire mesh, the particle size of the large-particle-size gravel layer is 10-12 cm, and the thickness of the large-particle-size gravel layer is 15-20 cm; an activated carbon layer is arranged in the lower-layer water collecting tank, a drain pipe is arranged at the bottom of the lower layer, and large-particle gravels are arranged around the drain pipe; the water drainage pipe is connected with the irrigation system through a water suction pump. The terrace surface inclines by 5-10 degrees from inside to outside.
Example 2
A method for preventing and controlling the pollution of terrace fertilizers comprises the following steps:
(1) a water collecting channel is arranged at the joint of the ridge of the upper terrace and the lower terrace, a water collecting pool is arranged at one end of the terrace, a water retaining ridge 30-40 cm higher than the field is arranged at the upper end of the ridge, and a plurality of water discharging holes are uniformly formed in the water retaining ridge of the terrace; two slopes are arranged on the ridge, the first-stage slope and the second-stage slope are arranged, the gradient of the first-stage slope is 70-80 ℃, the gradient of the second-stage slope is 30-40 ℃, and the water retaining ridge and the first-stage slope are planted with the sown pennisetum; and planting pomegranate on the second-level slope, wherein the width ratio between the first-level slope and the second-level slope is 3-4: 1, and the water collecting channel and the water collecting tank are obtained by pouring concrete.
(2) The water collecting tank is of a two-layer structure, the upper layer and the lower layer are separated by a wire mesh, and a large-particle-size gravel layer is arranged on the wire mesh, the particle size of the large-particle-size gravel layer is 10-12 cm, and the thickness of the large-particle-size gravel layer is 15-20 cm; an activated carbon layer is arranged in the lower-layer water collecting tank, a drain pipe is arranged at the bottom of the lower layer, and large-particle gravels are arranged around the drain pipe; the water drainage pipe is connected with the irrigation system through a water suction pump. The terrace surface inclines by 5-10 degrees from inside to outside.
Example 3
A method for preventing and controlling the pollution of terrace fertilizers comprises the following steps:
(1) a water collecting channel is arranged at the joint of the ridge of the upper terrace and the lower terrace, a water collecting pool is arranged at one end of the terrace, a water retaining ridge 30-40 cm higher than the field is arranged at the upper end of the ridge, and a plurality of water discharging holes are uniformly formed in the water retaining ridge of the terrace; two slopes are arranged on the ridge, the first-stage slope and the second-stage slope are arranged, the gradient of the first-stage slope is 70-80 ℃, the gradient of the second-stage slope is 30-40 ℃, and the water retaining ridge and the first-stage slope are planted with the sown pennisetum; and planting pomegranate on the second-level slope, wherein the width ratio between the first-level slope and the second-level slope is 3-4: 1, and the water collecting channel and the water collecting tank are obtained by pouring concrete.
(2) The water collecting tank is of a two-layer structure, the upper layer and the lower layer are separated by a wire mesh, and a large-particle-size gravel layer is arranged on the wire mesh, the particle size of the large-particle-size gravel layer is 10-12 cm, and the thickness of the large-particle-size gravel layer is 15-20 cm; an activated carbon layer is arranged in the lower-layer water collecting tank, a drain pipe is arranged at the bottom of the lower layer, and large-particle gravels are arranged around the drain pipe; the water drainage pipe is connected with the irrigation system through a water suction pump. The terrace surface inclines by 5-10 degrees from inside to outside.
Claims (5)
1. A method for preventing and treating terrace fertilizer pollution is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) a water collecting channel is arranged at the joint of the ridge of the upper terrace and the lower terrace, a water collecting pool is arranged at one end of the terrace, a water retaining ridge 30-40 cm higher than the field is arranged at the upper end of the ridge, and a plurality of water discharging holes are uniformly formed in the water retaining ridge of the terrace; two slopes are arranged on the ridge, the first-stage slope and the second-stage slope are arranged, the gradient of the first-stage slope is 70-80 ℃, the gradient of the second-stage slope is 30-40 ℃, and the water retaining ridge and the first-stage slope are planted with the sown pennisetum; planting pomegranate on the second-level slope, wherein the width ratio of the first-level slope to the second-level slope is 3-4: 1;
(2) the water collecting tank is of a two-layer structure, the upper layer and the lower layer are separated by a wire mesh, the wire mesh is provided with a large-particle-size gravel layer, an activated carbon layer is arranged in the lower-layer water collecting tank, the bottom of the lower layer is provided with a drain pipe, and large-particle gravels are arranged around the drain pipe; the water drainage pipe is connected with the irrigation system through a water suction pump.
2. The method for controlling terrace fertilizer pollution according to claim 1, wherein: the terrace surface inclines by 5-10 degrees from inside to outside.
3. The method for controlling terrace fertilizer pollution according to claim 1, wherein: the water collecting channel and the water collecting tank are obtained by pouring concrete.
4. The method for controlling terrace fertilizer pollution according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (2), the particle size of the gravel is 10-12 cm.
5. The method for controlling terrace fertilizer pollution according to claim 1, wherein: and (3) in the step (2), the thickness of the gravel on the iron wire mesh is 15-20 cm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010963298.1A CN112095764A (en) | 2020-09-14 | 2020-09-14 | Method for preventing and treating terrace fertilizer pollution |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010963298.1A CN112095764A (en) | 2020-09-14 | 2020-09-14 | Method for preventing and treating terrace fertilizer pollution |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN112095764A true CN112095764A (en) | 2020-12-18 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202010963298.1A Pending CN112095764A (en) | 2020-09-14 | 2020-09-14 | Method for preventing and treating terrace fertilizer pollution |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113511741A (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2021-10-19 | 赣南师范大学 | System for controlling land source pollution and recycling water and fertilizer resources in hilly stage |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002115254A (en) * | 2000-10-10 | 2002-04-19 | I M Kogyo Kk | Greening structure of slope face and manufacturing method for greening pot used therefore |
| CN102487717A (en) * | 2011-12-23 | 2012-06-13 | 曹世雄 | Method for afforestation and slope protection on slope of terrace |
| US20120187031A1 (en) * | 2011-01-24 | 2012-07-26 | Ceres H2O Technologies, LLC | Storm water treatment system |
| CN203904948U (en) * | 2014-06-12 | 2014-10-29 | 武汉沃田生态科技有限公司 | Fixing and water draining device used for ridge |
| CN105967361A (en) * | 2016-06-17 | 2016-09-28 | 洪明 | Agricultural irrigation device with wastewater treatment |
| CN210093881U (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2020-02-21 | 云南农业大学 | Dry-hot valley area ecological terrace integrating water storage and irrigation functions |
| CN210808616U (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2020-06-23 | 上海浦海测绘有限公司 | Irrigation and water conservancy circulation irrigation and drainage device |
-
2020
- 2020-09-14 CN CN202010963298.1A patent/CN112095764A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002115254A (en) * | 2000-10-10 | 2002-04-19 | I M Kogyo Kk | Greening structure of slope face and manufacturing method for greening pot used therefore |
| US20120187031A1 (en) * | 2011-01-24 | 2012-07-26 | Ceres H2O Technologies, LLC | Storm water treatment system |
| CN102487717A (en) * | 2011-12-23 | 2012-06-13 | 曹世雄 | Method for afforestation and slope protection on slope of terrace |
| CN203904948U (en) * | 2014-06-12 | 2014-10-29 | 武汉沃田生态科技有限公司 | Fixing and water draining device used for ridge |
| CN105967361A (en) * | 2016-06-17 | 2016-09-28 | 洪明 | Agricultural irrigation device with wastewater treatment |
| CN210093881U (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2020-02-21 | 云南农业大学 | Dry-hot valley area ecological terrace integrating water storage and irrigation functions |
| CN210808616U (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2020-06-23 | 上海浦海测绘有限公司 | Irrigation and water conservancy circulation irrigation and drainage device |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113511741A (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2021-10-19 | 赣南师范大学 | System for controlling land source pollution and recycling water and fertilizer resources in hilly stage |
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Application publication date: 20201218 |
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| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |