CN112064902A - 一种绿色屋顶 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种绿色屋顶,属于海绵城市构建领域。它包括屋顶护墙(1),在屋顶护墙(1)内部铺设有种植区(11)和卵石区(12),卵石区(12)靠屋顶护墙(1)内侧壁,种植区(11)与卵石区(12)之间设有隔板(121),隔板(121)的高度低于屋顶护墙(1),在卵石区(12)底部装有穿过屋顶护墙的引流管(21)。本发明解决了现有绿色屋顶没有用于清洗的附属设施,残存的污染物无法排放,容易发生堵塞,造成绿色屋顶长期运行后无法正常工作的问题。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于海绵城市构建的技术领域,具体涉及一种绿化的屋顶。
背景技术
近年来,城市内涝灾害屡见不鲜,海绵城市理念在世界范围内不断推广,目前,我国的城市建筑屋面约占城市不透水下垫面的40%-50%,控制好城市建筑屋面的雨水泄流对于城市雨洪管理和防灾减灾意义十分重大。近年来,绿色屋顶作为解决复杂城市的雨洪调节问题的技术被广泛重视。绿色屋顶是一种有效截流雨水、改造成本较低的技术,具有极大的发展潜力和应用价值。
中国专利文献CN211185127U公开了一种建设海绵城市用的绿色屋顶,它包括屋顶和集水箱,屋顶设有植被种植盒,植被种植盒的盒底设有滤板,植被种植盒的盒底开设有若干泄水孔,集水箱位于种植盒的下方;植被种植盒内通过棉线汲取水份,集水箱的一侧设有与太阳能电池板连通的蓄电池,蓄电池分别与水泵和大流量净水机电连接。该专利存在以下缺陷:植被种植盒没有用于清洗的附属设施,残存的污染物无法排放,容易发生堵塞,造成绿色屋顶长期运行后无法正常工作。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的问题,本发明所要解决的技术问题就是提供一种绿色屋顶,它能清洗绿色屋顶,实现绿色屋顶的清洗维护,保证绿色屋顶正常运行,又能减少外排径流量。
本发明所要解决的技术问题是通过这样的技术方案实现的,它包括屋顶护墙,在屋顶护墙内部铺设有种植区和卵石区,卵石区靠屋顶护墙内侧壁,种植区与卵石区之间设有隔板,隔板的高度低于屋顶护墙,在卵石区底部装有穿过屋顶护墙的引流管。
种植区的雨水溢流后进入卵石区,由安装在卵石区的引流管导流出过量的雨水。卵石区作为绿色屋顶的***护层,当污染物严重堵塞卵石区时,利用自来水对卵石区中的卵石进行强力冲洗或翻转冲洗,彻底清除卵石区的污染物,保持卵石区透水畅通,重新恢复良好的运行状态。
本发明的技术效果是:实现了绿色屋顶的清洗维护,维持绿色屋顶长久正常运行,延长了绿色屋顶的使用寿命,使绿色屋顶具有了适用性,能推广应用。
附图说明
本发明的附图说明如下:
图1为本发明第一个实施例的结构示意图;
图2为本发明第二个实施例的结构示意图。
图中,1、屋顶护墙;11、种植区;111、植物;112、改良土壤层;113、细砂层;114、填料层;12、卵石区;121、隔板;21、引流管;24、排放阀;
2.、双向流管路;22、前管;23、尾管;25、阀门;26、水泵;
3、蓄水池;31、输水口;32、排污阀;4、太阳能蓄电装置;41、输电线路。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步说明:
实施例1
如图1所示,本实施例包括屋顶护墙1,在屋顶护墙1内部铺设有种植区11和卵石区12,卵石区12靠屋顶护墙1内侧壁,种植区11与卵石区12之间设有隔板121,隔板121的高度低于屋顶护墙1,在卵石区12底部装有穿过屋顶护墙的引流管21。引流管21出口端部装有排放阀24。
所述种植区11由上至下设有改良土壤层112、细砂层113和填料层114,植物111种植在改良土壤层112上。隔板121采用的材质为不透水有机玻璃,能有效降低种植区11和卵石区12之间的影响。
种植区11的植物111采用狗牙根,其生活力强,繁殖迅速,成片生长,不怕践踏,耐旱耐涝;改良土壤层112采用砂土混合,即在原有土壤的基础上加入20%的砂,增大土壤的渗透系数;细砂层113能代替土工布,位于改良土壤层112和填料层114之间,防止因土工布过细造成的堵塞。同时,细砂层113也有利于植物111根系的生长。填料层114选用蛭石,具有疏松土壤,透气性好,吸水力强,温度变化小等特点。卵石区12选用的卵石粒径较小,能截流雨水中的大颗粒污染物。
本实施例的工作过程是:
降雨时,降雨进入种植区11,经过植物111、改良土壤层112、细砂层113、填料层114的截留过滤作用后蓄积在屋顶护墙1底部;随着降雨强度、降雨历时的增加,种植区11表面蓄积的雨水经隔板121溢流后进入卵石区12;引流管21从卵石区12导出雨水。
平常运行中通过引流管21泵入清洁水对卵石区中残留的污染物进行反冲洗;当污染物严重堵塞卵石区,必须检修时,利用自来水对卵石区12中的卵石进行强力冲洗或者翻转冲洗,污染物随冲洗水从引流管21排出,彻底清除卵石区的污染物,保持卵石区透水畅通,重新恢复良好的运行状态。
实施例2
如图2所示,本实施例与实施例1不同的是:还包括双向流管路2和蓄水池3,蓄水池3位于屋顶的下垫面;所述双向流管路2包括前管22、阀门25、水泵26和尾管23,在前管22与尾管23中间的阀门25和水泵26并接,顺雨水流出方向装设阀门25,逆雨水流出方向装设水泵26;前管22连通引流管21,尾管23经输水口31连通蓄水池3,蓄水池3底部装有排污阀32。
图2中,太阳能蓄电装置4安装于种植区11外的空旷位置,太阳能蓄电装置4通过输电线路41与水泵26连接。
本实施例的工作过程是:
降雨时,打开阀门25,关闭排放阀24、排污阀32,种植区11表面蓄积的雨水经隔板121溢流后进入卵石区12;从卵石区12流出的雨水,经引流管21、前管22、阀门25、尾管23、输水口31排入蓄水池3中。
降雨间隔期,关闭阀门25、排放阀24、排污阀32。水泵26既可以利用太阳能蓄电装置4的电能启动,也可以利用电网的电能启动,蓄水池3中的雨水经输水口31、尾管23进入水泵26,在水泵26提升作用后经前管22、引流管21排入卵石区12,在卵石区12逐渐蓄积的雨水经隔板121溢流后进入种植区11。这样既能减少人工浇洒用水、灌溉用水,又能对卵石区12中残留的污染物进行反冲洗。
后期维护时,关闭阀门25,打开排放阀24、排污阀32后,利用自来水对卵石区12和蓄水池3进行冲洗,使蓄积在排放阀24及排污阀32的受污染雨水自动排出。
本发明具有如下的优点:在保证绿色环保型屋顶正常运行的前提下,不仅能够减少外排径流量,又能充分利用蓄存的雨水作为植物生长用水,在降雨间隔期,易于清洗和维护,本发明能长久工作。
Claims (4)
1.一种绿色屋顶,包括屋顶护墙(1),其特征是:在屋顶护墙(1)内部铺设有种植区(11)和卵石区(12),卵石区(12)靠屋顶护墙(1)内侧壁,种植区(11)与卵石区(12)之间设有隔板(121),隔板(121)的高度低于屋顶护墙(1),在卵石区(12)底部装有穿过屋顶护墙的引流管(21)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的绿色屋顶,其特征是:所述种植区(11)由上至下设有改良土壤层(112)、细砂层(113)和填料层(114),植物(111)种植在改良土壤层(112)上。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的绿色屋顶,其特征是:还包括双向流管路(2)和蓄水池(3),蓄水池(3)位于屋顶的下垫面;所述双向流管路(2)包括前管(22)、阀门(25)、水泵(26)和尾管(23),在前管(22)与尾管(23)中间的阀门(25)和水泵(26)并接,顺雨水流出方向装设阀门(25),逆雨水流出方向装设水泵(26);前管(22)连通引流管(21),尾管(23)经输水口(31)连通蓄水池(3),蓄水池(3)底部装有排污阀(32)。
4.根据权利要求3所述的绿色屋顶,其特征是:太阳能蓄电装置(4)安装于种植区(11)外,太阳能蓄电装置(4)通过输电线路(41)与水泵(26)连接。
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Citations (6)
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JP2007267732A (ja) * | 2006-03-06 | 2007-10-18 | Kunihiro Ogiwara | 屋上緑化システム |
CN106759824A (zh) * | 2016-12-06 | 2017-05-31 | 徐冉云 | 一种净化存储雨水的树池 |
CN107143096A (zh) * | 2017-06-06 | 2017-09-08 | 长安大学 | 一种具有雨水截留和除磷功能的绿色屋顶 |
CN109386022A (zh) * | 2018-12-18 | 2019-02-26 | 河南师范大学 | 一种屋面雨水断接的储水回用装置 |
CN110924602A (zh) * | 2019-12-06 | 2020-03-27 | 内蒙古工业大学 | 一种寒旱地区的绿色屋顶 |
CN212358883U (zh) * | 2020-10-09 | 2021-01-15 | 河南师范大学 | 一种绿色屋顶 |
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Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2007267732A (ja) * | 2006-03-06 | 2007-10-18 | Kunihiro Ogiwara | 屋上緑化システム |
CN106759824A (zh) * | 2016-12-06 | 2017-05-31 | 徐冉云 | 一种净化存储雨水的树池 |
CN107143096A (zh) * | 2017-06-06 | 2017-09-08 | 长安大学 | 一种具有雨水截留和除磷功能的绿色屋顶 |
CN109386022A (zh) * | 2018-12-18 | 2019-02-26 | 河南师范大学 | 一种屋面雨水断接的储水回用装置 |
CN110924602A (zh) * | 2019-12-06 | 2020-03-27 | 内蒙古工业大学 | 一种寒旱地区的绿色屋顶 |
CN212358883U (zh) * | 2020-10-09 | 2021-01-15 | 河南师范大学 | 一种绿色屋顶 |
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