CN112042378A - Multi-row Chinese chive harvester - Google Patents
Multi-row Chinese chive harvester Download PDFInfo
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- CN112042378A CN112042378A CN202010818264.3A CN202010818264A CN112042378A CN 112042378 A CN112042378 A CN 112042378A CN 202010818264 A CN202010818264 A CN 202010818264A CN 112042378 A CN112042378 A CN 112042378A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D45/00—Harvesting of standing crops
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-row leek harvester, belonging to the technical field of agricultural machinery. The nearside divider of the header is arranged at the front ends of the main frame and the clamping device, the cutting device is arranged at the bottom of the front end of the main frame, the depth wheel devices are arranged at two sides of the front end of the main frame, the clamping device is arranged at the upper part of the front end of the main frame, the tension wheel device is arranged at the outer side of the loose edge of the clamping belt at the upper part of the front end of the main frame, and the vegetable poking wheel device is arranged at; the conveying device of the header is arranged at the rear end of the main frame, the connecting and lifting device is arranged at the rear part of the conveying device, the main frame and the tractor are connected into a whole, and the tractor drives the header to complete the harvesting of the Chinese chives. The harvester for the Chinese chives has high operating efficiency, high working stability and strong adaptability to the flatness of the Chinese chives planting field, and easily meets the requirement of the consistency of the cutting height of the Chinese chives; the leeks are collected orderly, so that the manual labor is reduced, and the working efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a multi-row Chinese chive harvester.
Background
At present, most of the existing leek harvesters are small-sized leek harvesters, only can harvest single-row leeks, have the defects of low harvesting efficiency, manual hand operation and high labor intensity, and are not suitable for harvesting field leeks.
In addition, the planting of vegetables such as Chinese chives and the like increasingly bears the large-scale production, and the middle-sized and large-sized Chinese chives harvesters meeting the actual requirements of China are urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to provide a multi-row Chinese chive harvester which is a medium-sized multi-row Chinese chive harvester with high operation efficiency and effectively reduced labor intensity, is particularly suitable for harvesting large-scale planted Chinese chives and has wide application prospect.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a multi-row Chinese chive harvester comprises a header and a tractor for driving the header, wherein the header comprises a nearside divider, a clamping device, a main frame, a vegetable poking wheel device, a connecting lifting device, a cutting device, a tension wheel device, a depth wheel device and a conveying device; the divider is arranged at the front ends of the main frame and the clamping device; the cutting device is arranged at the bottom of the front end of the main frame, the depth limiting wheel devices are arranged on two sides of the front end of the main frame, the clamping device is arranged at the upper part of the front end of the main frame, the tension wheel device is arranged at the upper part of the front end of the main frame, and the vegetable poking wheel device is arranged at the upper part of the tail end of the clamping device; the conveying device is arranged at the rear end of the main frame, the connecting and lifting device is arranged at the rear part of the conveying device, the main frame and the tractor are connected into a whole, and the tractor drives the header to complete the harvesting of the Chinese chives.
Furthermore, the cutting device comprises a fixed cutter, a movable cutter, a bevel gear box, a coupling, a cutting motor, a cutting lithium battery, a connecting rod and an eccentric wheel; the two sides and the rear end of the fixed knife are connected with the main frame, the movable knife is arranged on the fixed knife and connected with one end of a connecting rod, and the connecting rod drives the movable knife to linearly slide on the fixed knife left and right to complete cutting action; the other end of the connecting rod is connected with an eccentric wheel, the eccentric wheel is fixed on an output shaft at the lower end of a bevel gear box, and the bevel gear box is fixed on a cross beam at the bottom of the front end of the main frame; the cutting motor is fixed on the main frame, and the output shaft end of the cutting motor is connected with the input shaft end of the bevel gear box through a coupler and then is arranged on the bevel gear box; the cutting lithium battery is fixed on the main frame and then arranged in the cutting motor.
Furthermore, the clamping device comprises a plurality of groups of wheel shafts arranged side by side, a clamping belt is sleeved on each group of wheel shafts, a clamping motor is arranged at the top end of each group of wheel shafts, the lower ends of the wheel shafts are connected with the main frame, the upper ends of the wheel shafts are connected with a cover plate, and the cover plate is fixed on the main frame; from keeping away from a dish end to being close to a dish end, the rotating speed of the clamping motor corresponding to each group of clamping belts is increased in sequence, and the rotating speed of the wheel shaft is increased in sequence.
Furthermore, the clamping motor is connected with lithium batteries which are respectively arranged on two sides of the middle part of the main rack; the upper end of the divider is fixed on the cover plate, and the lower end of the divider is fixed on the main frame; the tensioning wheel device is arranged on the outer side of the loose edge of the clamping belt close to the dish outlet end.
Furthermore, the tensioning wheel device comprises a tensioning wheel, a tensioning bracket, a sleeve, a rear upright post, a torsion spring and a front upright post; the upper end and the lower end of the tensioning wheel are respectively movably connected with a tensioning bracket, the tensioning bracket and the torsion spring are sleeved on the front upright post, and the sleeve is sleeved on the upper part of the front upright post to limit the bracket to move up and down; the top end of the front upright post is fixed on the cover plate, and the lower end of the front upright post is fixed on the main frame; the upper end of the rear upright post is fixed on the cover plate, and the lower end of the rear upright post is fixed on the main frame; one end of the torsion spring hooks the bracket, and the other end of the torsion spring hooks the rear upright post.
Furthermore, the vegetable poking wheel device comprises a vegetable poking wheel motor, a vegetable poking wheel shaft, a vegetable poking wheel bearing seat, a bearing seat support and a vegetable baffle plate; the vegetable poking wheel is fixed on a vegetable poking wheel shaft, two ends of the vegetable poking wheel shaft are respectively supported by a vegetable poking wheel bearing seat, and the vegetable poking wheel bearing seat is fixed on the bearing seat support; the bearing seat support is connected to the main frame through a bolt, the output shaft end of the dish shifting wheel motor is fixed at the right end of a dish shifting wheel shaft, and a dish shifting wheel motor flange plate is fixed on the main frame and is powered by a lithium battery; the vegetable baffle is fixed in a groove at the bottom of the middle of the main frame, and the top end of the vegetable baffle is higher than the root of the Chinese chives at the tail end of the clamping belt.
Furthermore, the depth wheel device comprises an adjusting nut, a compression spring, a shell, a limit screw, a depth wheel shaft and a depth wheel; the shell is fixed on the main frame; the adjusting nut is arranged at the top of the shell and is connected to the shell through threads; the depth-limiting wheel shaft is arranged in the shell, a square cylinder at the middle section of the depth-limiting wheel shaft is matched with a square hole of the shell, a cylinder at the upper section of the depth-limiting wheel shaft penetrates through an adjusting nut and a compression spring, and a depth-limiting wheel is arranged at the lower end of the depth-limiting wheel shaft; the compression spring is arranged in the square hole of the shell, the lower end of the adjusting nut compresses the compression spring, and the lower end of the compression spring is arranged on the square column shoulder at the middle section of the depth-limiting wheel shaft; the limiting screws are fixed on the front wall and the rear wall of the shell respectively through threads and are embedded into the limiting grooves of the square cylinders in the middle section of the depth limiting wheel shaft.
Furthermore, the connecting lifting device comprises an oil pipe assembly, an oil cylinder, a cotter pin, a lifting support, a pin shaft, a fine adjustment screw and a fixing support; the guide rail at the rear part of the lifting support is arranged in a U-shaped guide rail groove of the fixed support, the front end of the lifting support is provided with a connecting hole, and the lifting support is connected with the main frame through a pin shaft and a cotter pin respectively; the output end of a piston of the oil cylinder is connected with a beam base at the top of the lifting support through a cylindrical hinge, and the bottom of a cylinder body of the oil cylinder is connected with a base at the bottom of the fixed support through a cylindrical hinge; one end of the oil pipe assembly is connected with an interface at the lower end of the oil cylinder, and the other end of the oil pipe assembly is connected with a hydraulic system of the tractor; and a fine adjustment screw is arranged on the bottom plate of the lifting support.
Further, the conveying device comprises an inner spline shaft, an outer spline shaft, a conveying bearing seat assembly, an adjustable pull rod, a universal joint, a belt transmission device, a chain transmission device, a transmission bearing seat assembly, a primary universal transmission assembly, a secondary universal transmission assembly, a threaded ejector rod, a base, a conveying belt tensioning device, a conveying belt transmission device, a conveying rack, a fixed pull rod and a positioning pin; the rear output shaft of the tractor is connected with the transmission bearing seat assembly through chain transmission, and two ends of the primary universal transmission assembly are respectively connected with the transmission bearing seat assembly; two ends of the secondary universal transmission assembly are respectively connected with the transmission bearing seat assembly; the transmission bearing seat assembly is fixed on the tractor; one end of the universal joint is connected with the transmission bearing seat assembly, and the other end of the universal joint is connected with the end of the inner spline shaft; the conveying device comprises a conveying bearing seat assembly, a main frame, an inner spline shaft, an outer spline shaft, a conveying bearing seat assembly, a conveying belt and a conveying belt, wherein the inner spline shaft is in movable connection with an outer spline shaft of the outer spline shaft through an inner spline of the inner spline shaft; the conveying belt is fixed on the conveying rack in a transmission manner, the conveying rack is fixed on a bottom plate of the main rack, a positioning pin is arranged at the front end of the conveying rack and matched with a positioning hole in a supporting plate in the middle of the main rack, and the rear end of the conveying rack is tightly propped and fixed through a threaded ejector rod and a nut; two adjustable pull rods are arranged at the vegetable outlet end of the conveyor frame, and two ends of each adjustable pull rod are respectively connected with the main frame and the conveyor frame through the base; the upper part of the vegetable outlet end of the conveyor frame is fixedly connected with the end surface of the main frame through a screw, and the bottom of the vegetable outlet end of the conveyor frame is fixed on a bracket at the bottom of the main frame; two sides of the conveying rack at the transmission tail end of the conveying belt are respectively provided with a conveying belt tensioning device; the conveying machine frame is provided with a fixed pull rod, and the fixed pull rod is fixed on the main machine frame through a nut.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the harvester for the multi-row Chinese chives can harvest the multi-row Chinese chives simultaneously, has high operation efficiency, greatly reduces the labor intensity of workers, is particularly suitable for harvesting operation of planting the Chinese chives in large fields, and has compact structure, small total mass, low manufacturing cost and strong practicability; meanwhile, the harvester adopts turning conveyer belt transmission to lay the Chinese chives on the ground in order and horizontally, so that the orderly collection of the multiple rows of Chinese chives is realized; the depth wheels are elastic depth wheels, so that the working stability of the header is improved, the header is suitable for the flatness of the leek planting field, and the requirement on the consistency of the stubble cutting height is easily met; the leek harvester adopts the header with a front-mounted tractor, so that the harvesting operation is convenient, and the leek pollution caused by the tractor is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a multi-row Chinese chive harvester;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the crop divider, the clamping device, and the vegetable poking wheel device;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the tensioning device and cutting device;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged perspective view of the cutting device I;
fig. 5 is a schematic bottom plan view of the header;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged plan view of a section II of the cutting device;
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a depth wheel assembly;
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the connecting device and the delivery device;
FIG. 9 is a first perspective view of the conveyor;
FIG. 10 is a second perspective view of the conveyor installation;
FIG. 11 is a first perspective view of the conveying device;
FIG. 12 is a second perspective view of the transportation device;
fig. 13 is a perspective view of the main frame.
Detailed Description
In order to further illustrate the present invention, the following detailed description is given with reference to examples. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 13, the reference numerals are as follows: a nearside divider 1, a clamping device 2, a main frame 3, a vegetable-poking wheel device 4, a connecting lifting device 5, a cutting device 6, a tensioning wheel device 7, a depth wheel device 8, a conveying device 9, a tractor 10, a vegetable-poking wheel motor 11, a wheel shaft 12, a clamping motor 13, a vegetable-poking wheel 14, a vegetable-poking wheel shaft 15, a vegetable-poking wheel bearing seat 16, a bearing seat support 17, a lithium battery 18, a fixed knife 19, a cover plate 20, a movable knife 21, a clamping belt 22, a tensioning wheel 23, a tensioning support 24, a sleeve 25, a rear upright post 26, a torsion spring 27, a front upright post 28, a bevel gear box 29, a coupling 30, a cutting motor 31, a cutting lithium battery 32, a connecting rod 33, an eccentric wheel 34, an adjusting nut 35, a compression spring 36, a shell 37, a limiting screw 38, a depth wheel shaft 39, a depth wheel 40, an oil pipe assembly 41, an oil cylinder 42, an inner spline, the device comprises a vegetable baffle plate 47, an adjustable pull rod 48, a lifting support 49, a universal joint 50, a pin shaft 51, a fine adjustment screw 52, a belt transmission 53, a chain transmission 54, a transmission bearing seat assembly 55, a primary universal transmission assembly 56, a secondary universal transmission assembly 57, a fixing support 58, a threaded ejector rod 59, a base 60, a conveyor belt tensioning device 61, a conveyor belt transmission 62, a conveyor frame 63, a fixing pull rod 64 and a positioning pin 65.
A multi-row Chinese chive harvester comprises a header and a tractor 10 for driving the header, wherein the tractor 10 drives the header to complete Chinese chive harvesting operation. The header includes divider 1, clamping device 2, main frame 3, dials dish wheel device 4, connects elevating gear 5, cutting device 6, take-up pulley device 7, depth wheel device 8, conveyor 9.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 13, the divider 1 is disposed at the foremost end of the main frame 3, and has an upper end fixed to the cover plate 20 and a lower end fixed to the main frame 3, and the cover plate 20 is fixed to the main frame 3 by means of a screw connection. The divider 1 separates the rows of Chinese chives to ensure that two adjacent rows of Chinese chives are completely separated and do not wind each other, so that the Chinese chives smoothly enter the clamping belt 22 to realize vertical cutting. The high-inclination-angle divider 1 is adopted to adapt to the height of the Chinese chives, so that a better vertical effect of the Chinese chives is achieved.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6 and 13, the cutting device 6 is arranged at the front end of the main frame 3 and at the bottom of the clamping device 2 to cut the leeks, and the height of the cutting knife (including the fixed knife 19 and the movable knife 21) from the ground can be adjusted slightly to meet the requirements of the height of the stubble cutting of the leeks; the cutting device 6 comprises a fixed knife 19, a movable knife 21, a bevel gear box 29, a coupling 30, a cutting motor 31, a cutting lithium battery 32, a connecting rod 33 and an eccentric wheel 34. Both sides and the rear end of the fixed knife 19 are connected to the main frame 3 by bolts. The movable knife 21 is arranged on the fixed knife 19, the movable knife 21 is connected with one end of the connecting rod 33 through a ball hinge, and the connecting rod 33 drives the movable knife 21 to do left-right repeated linear movement on the fixed knife to complete the motion of cutting the Chinese chives. The other end of the connecting rod 33 is connected with the eccentric wheel 34 through a ball hinge, the length of the connecting rod 33 can be finely adjusted, the installation is convenient, the cutting speed of the movable knife 21 can be changed, and the cutting efficiency is improved. The eccentric wheel 34 is fixed on the lower end output shaft of the bevel gear box 29, and the bevel gear box 29 is fixed on the bottom cross beam at the front end of the main frame 3 through bolt connection. The cutting motor 31 is fixed on the main frame 3, the output shaft end of the cutting motor is connected with the input shaft end of the bevel gear box 29 through a coupling 30, and the cutting motor is arranged on the bevel gear box 29. The cutting lithium battery 32 is fixed to the main frame 3 and then placed on the cutting motor 31. The two ends and the middle part of the fixed knife are respectively connected with the main frame 3 through bolts, and the length of the connecting rod 33 is adjusted, so that the height of the movable knife 21 from the ground is adjustable, a better cutting effect is achieved, and different requirements of the stubble cutting height of the Chinese chives are met. The standard linear type cutting knife has smaller mass and smaller inertia force generated during cutting, thereby being beneficial to reducing the fatigue damage of the cutting device and prolonging the service life.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 13, the gripping device 2 is disposed at the front end of the main frame 3, above the cutting device 6. The clamping device 2 comprises a wheel shaft 12, a clamping motor 13, a lithium battery 18, a cover plate 20 and a clamping belt 22. The clamping belts 22 are supported by the two wheel shafts 12 and rotate synchronously with the two wheel shafts 12, one group of the two clamping belts 22 (three groups, but not limited to three groups) is provided, the rotating speed of the inner wheel shafts of each group is the same, the rotating directions are different, the rotating speeds of the two clamping belts are the same, the moving directions of the tight edges are the same, and the cutting and conveying of the clamped Chinese chives are realized. The axles 12 are connected at their lower ends to the main frame 3 and at their upper ends to the cover plate 20. The cover plate 20 is fixed on the main frame 3 through screw connection, and meanwhile, the front upright post 28 and the rear upright post 26 assist in supporting the cover plate 20, so that the transmission work of the clamping belt 22 is stable and reliable.
The clamping motor 13 is arranged at the top end of the wheel shaft 12, the clamping motor 13 is powered by lithium batteries 18, and the lithium batteries 18 are arranged on two sides of the middle of the main frame 3. The clamping motors 13 are arranged to rotate in different directions, the wheel shafts 12 corresponding to each group of clamping belts 22 rotate in different directions, and the moving directions of the tight edges of the two clamping belts are the same; the rotational speed that sets up centre gripping motor 13 is different, the axletree 12 that each group's centre gripping area 22 corresponds is different, each group's centre gripping area 12 is different with a speed, from keeping away from a dish end to being close to a dish end promptly, the rotational speed of the centre gripping motor 13 that each group's centre gripping area 22 corresponds increases in proper order, the axletree 12 rotational speed increases progressively, the centre gripping area 12 is fast increases progressively, the time that the leek that realizes that every group's centre gripping area 12 centre gripping is carried reachd conveyor 9 is different, guarantee that conveyor 9 carries the leek smoothly. In addition, the clamping motor 13 is directly connected with the wheel shaft 12, so that an intermediate transmission mechanism is avoided, the structure of the whole machine is simpler and more compact, and the quality of the whole machine is reduced. The clamping belt 22 is wide and short, so that the vertical cutting and clamping conveying of the Chinese chives are convenient to realize, and the damage to the Chinese chives is reduced.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the tensioner device 7 is placed outside the slack side of the holding belt 22. The tensioning wheel device 7 comprises a tensioning wheel 23, a tensioning bracket 24, a sleeve 25, a rear upright post 26, a torsion spring 27 and a front upright post 28. The upper end and the lower end of the tension wheel 23 are respectively movably connected with the tension bracket 24, and the tension wheel 23 can flexibly rotate relative to the tension bracket. The tension bracket 24 and the torsion spring 27 are sleeved on the front upright post 28 and can flexibly rotate relative to the front upright post. The sleeve 25 is sleeved on the upper part of the front upright post 28 to limit the tension bracket 24 to move up and down. The front column 28 is fixed at the top to the cover plate 20 and at the bottom to the main frame 3. The rear upright 26 is fixed at its upper end to the cover plate 20 and at its lower end to the main frame 3. One end of the torsion spring 27 is hooked on the bracket 24, the other end is hooked on the rear upright post 26, and the working torque of the torsion spring enables the tension wheel to always press the loose edge of the clamping belt 22, so that the clamping belt is ensured to have enough tension.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 13, the dish shifting wheel device 4 includes a dish shifting wheel motor 11, a dish shifting wheel 14, a dish shifting wheel shaft 15, a dish shifting wheel bearing seat 16, a bearing seat support 17 and a dish blocking plate 47. The vegetable poking wheel device 4 is arranged in the middle of the main frame 3 and keeps a proper distance with the top of the tail end of the clamping device. Wherein, a plurality of groups of dish shifting wheels 14 (arranged corresponding to the plurality of groups of wheel shafts 12) are fixed on the dish shifting wheel shaft 15, two ends of the dish shifting wheel shaft 15 are respectively supported by dish shifting wheel bearing seats 16, and the dish shifting wheel bearing seats 16 are fixed on the bearing seat support 17 through bolt connection. The bearing seat support 17 is connected to the main frame 3 through a bolt, and the distance between the dish poking wheel and the Chinese chives is changed by adjusting the installation position of the bearing seat support, so that a better dish poking effect can be obtained. The output shaft end of the dish shifting wheel motor 11 is fixed at the right end of the dish shifting wheel shaft 15, and a flange plate of the dish shifting wheel motor 11 is fixed on the main frame 3 through bolt connection and is powered by a lithium battery 18. The vegetable baffle plate 47 is fixed in the groove at the bottom of the middle of the main frame 3 by screws, and the top end of the vegetable baffle plate is higher than the root of the Chinese chives at the tail end of the clamping belt 22, so that the Chinese chives are prevented from moving forward vertically, and the Chinese chives are helped to tilt backwards. Under the combined action of the vegetable poking wheel and the vegetable baffle plate, the vertical Chinese chives are horizontally laid on the conveying transmission belt after being inclined.
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 7 and 13, the depth wheel assembly 8 includes an adjusting nut 35, a compression spring 36, a housing 37, a limit screw 38, a depth wheel shaft 39 and a depth wheel 40. The depth wheel assemblies 8 are disposed on both sides of the front end of the main frame 3, wherein the housing 37 is fixed to the main frame 3 by bolting. The lower end of the depth wheel shaft 39 is provided with a depth wheel 40, the square column at the middle section of the depth wheel shaft 39 and the square hole at the lower part of the shell 37 form clearance fit, and the cylinder at the upper section of the depth wheel shaft 39 passes through the round hole of the adjusting nut 35. The top of the shell 37 is provided with an adjusting nut 35, the adjusting nut 35 is connected to a round hole at the upper part of the shell 37 through threads, and the lower end of the adjusting nut 35 compresses the upper end of a compression spring 36 for adjusting the compression amount of the spring. The lower end of the compression spring 36 is arranged on a shaft shoulder of a square cylinder at the middle section of the depth wheel shaft 39, the compression spring 36 takes a cylinder at the upper section of the depth wheel shaft 39 as a guide post, and meanwhile, the outer diameter of the compression spring 36 is smaller than a square hole at the lower part of the shell 37, so that the compression spring can freely stretch up and down. Two limit screws 38 are fixed to the front and rear walls of the housing 37 through threads, and are embedded in limit grooves of a square column at the middle section of the depth-limiting wheel shaft 39, so that the depth-limiting wheel shaft is prevented from falling off from the housing. Under the action of the depth wheel and the spring, the depth wheel shaft can freely move up and down in the shell, so that the depth wheel actively adapts to the flatness of the Chinese chive planting field, and the consistency of the Chinese chive stubble cutting height is favorably realized. In addition, the arrangement of the wide depth limiting wheels reduces the extrusion of the cutting table to the leek field, and meanwhile, the depth limiting wheels are always in full contact with the ground, so that the cutting table has higher stability during harvesting operation.
As shown in fig. 1, 8-10, the connection lifting device 5 includes an oil pipe assembly 41, an oil cylinder 42, a cotter pin 44, a lifting bracket 49, a pin shaft 51, a fine adjustment screw 52, and a fixing bracket 58. The fixing support 58 connected with the lifting device 5 is fixed at the front end of the tractor 10, the guide rail at the rear part of the lifting support 49 is arranged in the U-shaped guide rail groove of the fixing support 58, the front end of the lifting support 49 is provided with connecting holes which are respectively connected with the main frame 3 through a pin shaft 51 and a cotter pin 44, and the lifting support is provided with a long guide rail and four connecting holes to enhance the reliability of connection and the working stability of the main frame 3. The piston output end of the oil cylinder 42 is connected with the top beam base of the lifting support 49 through a cylindrical hinge, and the bottom of the cylinder body of the oil cylinder 42 is connected with the base at the bottom of the fixed support 58 through a cylindrical hinge. One end of the oil pipe assembly 41 is connected with the lower end interface of the oil cylinder 42, and the other end is connected with a tractor hydraulic system. The two oil cylinders can provide sufficient lifting force to lift and lower the lifting support, so that the main frame 3 can stably and vertically ascend and descend. Two bottom plates at the bottom of the lifting bracket 49 are used for supporting the main frame 3 in an auxiliary mode, swing of the main frame 3 during harvesting operation is reduced, four fine adjustment screws 52 are arranged on the bottom plates, the top surfaces of the fine adjustment screws are effectively contacted with the bottom plane of the main frame 3 through rotating the screws, and stability of lifting and harvesting operation of the main frame 3 is improved.
As shown in fig. 1 and 8 to 13, the transport device 9 is disposed at the front end of the connecting lifter 5 and at the rear of the main frame 3. The conveying device 9 comprises an internal spline shaft 43, an external spline shaft 45, a conveying bearing seat assembly 46, an adjustable pull rod 48, a universal joint 50, a belt transmission 53, a chain transmission 54, a transmission bearing seat assembly 55, a primary universal transmission assembly 56, a secondary universal transmission assembly 57, a threaded ejector rod 59, a base 60, a conveying belt tensioning device 61, a conveying belt transmission 62, a conveying rack 63, a fixed pull rod 64 and a positioning pin 65. The rear output shaft of the tractor 10 is connected with a transmission bearing seat assembly 55 through a chain transmission 54, and two ends of a primary universal transmission assembly 56 are respectively connected with the transmission bearing seat assembly 55. Two ends of the secondary universal transmission assembly 57 are respectively connected to the transmission bearing seat assemblies 55, and the transmission bearing seat assemblies 55 are fixed on the tractor 10. One end of the universal joint 50 is connected with the transmission bearing seat assembly 55, the other end of the universal joint is connected with the end of the inner spline shaft 43, the inner spline shaft 43 is in movable connection with the outer spline of the outer spline shaft 45 through the inner spline of the inner spline shaft, the outer spline shaft 45 is connected with the input end of the conveying bearing seat assembly 46 through the universal joint 50, the output end of the conveying bearing seat assembly 46 is connected with the power input shaft end of the conveying belt transmission 62 through the belt transmission 53, and the conveying bearing seat assembly 46 is fixed on the main frame 3 through bolt connection. The chain transmission 54, the transmission bearing seat assembly 55, the primary universal transmission assembly 56, the secondary universal transmission assembly 57, the universal joint 50, the inner spline shaft 43, the outer spline shaft 45 and the conveying bearing seat assembly 46 form a power take-off transmission mechanism, so that the required rotating speed is provided for the conveying device 9, and the horizontal conveying and the orderly collection of the Chinese chives are realized.
The conveyer belt transmission 62 is fixed on the conveyer frame 63, the bottom of the conveyer frame 63 is fixed on the bottom plate of the main frame 3 through bolt connection, and the front end of the conveyer frame 63 is provided with a positioning pin 65 which is matched with a positioning hole on the middle supporting plate of the main frame 3, so that the conveyer belt keeps a proper distance relative to the clamping device. The rear end of the conveying frame 63 is tightly fixed by a threaded ejector rod 59 and a nut to prevent the conveying frame from moving back and forth. Two adjustable pull rods 48 are arranged at the vegetable outlet end on the left side of the conveyor frame 63, and the two ends of the adjustable pull rods are respectively connected with the main frame 3 and the conveyor frame 63 through the base 60, so that the vibration generated by the conveyor device during operation is weakened, and the stability is improved. The upper part of the left side of the conveyer frame 63 is fixed on the left end face of the main frame 3 through screw connection, and the bottom of the left side of the conveyer frame 63 is fixed on a left bottom bracket of the main frame 3 through bolt connection, so that the vibration amplitude of the left end of the conveyer frame 63 is further reduced. Two fixing pull rods 64 are arranged at the right end of the conveyor frame 63, and the fixing pull rods 64 are locked and fixed on the main frame 3 through nuts, so that the conveyor frame 63 is prevented from moving left and right on the main frame 3, and the conveyor device is completely fixed. The two sides of the conveying frame 63 at the transmission tail end of the conveying belt are respectively provided with the conveying belt tensioning devices 61, so that the conveying belt is ensured to have enough tensioning force all the time, and the smooth conveying and collection of the Chinese chives are realized. The left side of the conveying rack 63 is low, the right side of the conveying rack is high, the leek outlet is located at the left end, and the height of the leek outlet is lowest, so that the leeks can be conveyed from left to right and fall to the ground in time. The arranged conveying device realizes the orderly collection of the reaping of the multiple rows of Chinese chives, and further reduces the amount of manual labor.
The implementation method of the multi-row Chinese chive harvester comprises the following steps: the nearside divider 1 is arranged at the front ends of the main frame 3 and the clamping device 2 to separate the leeks in rows, so that the clamping device 2 can smoothly clamp the leeks. The cutting device 6 is arranged at the bottom of the front end of the main frame 3 to realize the cutting of the Chinese chives, and the height of the cutting knife from the ground can be finely adjusted to meet the requirements of the cutting height of the Chinese chives. The depth wheel devices 8 are arranged on two sides of the front end of the main frame 3 and used for supporting the header, so that the working stability of the header is enhanced, and the consistency of the cutting height of the Chinese chives is improved. The clamping device 2 is arranged at the upper part of the front end of the main frame 3, keeps the Chinese chives vertically cut and timely conveys the Chinese chives backwards. The tensioning wheel device 7 is arranged on the loose edge side of the clamping belt 22 at the upper part of the front end of the main frame 3, so that the clamping belt 22 has a proper tensioning force all the time in transmission, the Chinese chives are clamped and not fall off, and the damage to the Chinese chives is reduced as much as possible. The vegetable poking wheel device 4 is arranged at the upper part of the tail end of the clamping device 2, pokes the vertical Chinese chives reaching the transmission tail end of the clamping belt 22, and horizontally lays the vertical Chinese chives on a turning conveying belt of the conveying device. The vegetable baffle plate 47 is arranged in a groove of the main frame 3 at the bottom of the tail end of the clamping device, and the vertical Chinese chives are poked and horizontally laid by the auxiliary vegetable poking wheel. The conveying device 9 is arranged at the rear end of the main frame 3, and drives the conveying belt to transmit through taking power from a rear output shaft of the tractor 10, so that the Chinese chives are horizontally laid on the ground, and the subsequent packaging and transportation are facilitated. The connecting and lifting device 5 is arranged at the rear part of the conveying device 9, the main frame 3 and the tractor 10 are connected into a whole, and the tractor 10 drives the header to complete field Chinese chives harvesting.
The working process is as follows: before actually harvesting the Chinese chives, the device is required to run in a no-load mode to check whether the devices are firmly, stably and reliably installed. And then, trial harvesting operation is carried out, and each device is adjusted and optimized to obtain the best harvesting effect. During actual work, the lifting device 5 is operated and connected, the header is adjusted to lift, the fixed cutter 19 reaches the cutting height of the Chinese chives, and if necessary, the elasticity of the compression spring 36 is changed through the adjusting nut of the depth wheel device 8, or the height of the fixed cutter 19 is finely adjusted, so that the cutting height consistency of the Chinese chives is further ensured. Operating the cutting device 6, the clamping device 2, the vegetable poking wheel device 4 and the conveying device 9 to enable the devices to run in a no-load mode; the tractor 10 is controlled to move forward to begin to harvest the leeks. Under the action of the nearside divider 1, the Chinese chives vertically enter the clamping belt 22, and the cutting knife rapidly cuts the Chinese chives at the moment when the clamping belt 22 starts to clamp the Chinese chives. Under the mutual extrusion action of the clamping belts and the Chinese chives, friction force is generated between the Chinese chives and the clamping belts 22, and the friction force and the interaction force between the Chinese chives overcome the gravity of the Chinese chives together, so that the Chinese chives and the clamping belts 22 synchronously move backwards. At this time, the tension roller 23 presses the slack side of the grip belt 22, ensuring that the grip belt 22 has a sufficient tension. When the Chinese chives are about to be separated from the clamping belt 22 at the tail end of the clamping belt 22, the rapidly rotating vegetable-poking wheel 14 pokes the Chinese chives away and enables the Chinese chives to be toppled over; meanwhile, the vegetable baffle plate 47 stops the roots of the Chinese chives from moving forward, so that the Chinese chives are smoothly and horizontally laid on the conveying belt. The conveyer belt transmission 62 conveys the chives to the ground orderly through friction, chive gravity and interaction force among the chives, and orderly collection of the chives is completed. When the device works, the Chinese chives conveyed by the left clamping belt 22 group of the clamping device 2 close to the vegetable outlet end are firstly horizontally laid on the conveying belt; the leeks conveyed by the right-side clamping belt 22 group far away from the vegetable outlet end are finally horizontally laid on the conveying belt. Through setting up each clamping belt 22 group transmission and have different rotational speeds, guarantee that each row of leek is in proper order horizontal laying on the conveyer belt in proper order, avoid the leek to pile up on the conveyer belt and block up, realize carrying the leek from right side to left side smoothly to make the leek fall to the ground in order. In addition, the forward speed of the tractor 10 in operation is matched to the speed of the right set of belts 22 away from the serving end, and the cutting speed of the stationary knife 19 is matched to the speed of the left set of belts 22 near the serving end.
The Chinese chive harvester can harvest multiple rows of Chinese chives simultaneously, the harvesting operation efficiency is high, the arranged conveying device for harvesting the multiple rows of Chinese chives realizes the ordered collection of the multiple rows of Chinese chives harvested simultaneously, the labor intensity of workers is reduced, and the working efficiency is improved. Various technologies are implemented to ensure the consistent stubble cutting height of the Chinese chives and lay a good foundation for the growth of the Chinese chives at the later stage. The depth wheel device 8, the connecting lifting device 5, the conveying device 9 and the cutting device 6 are arranged, so that the header has higher working stability, and a good harvesting effect is guaranteed. The header is mainly manufactured by welding section plates, and has the advantages of compact integral structure, small total mass, balanced load and high performance-price ratio. In addition, the medium-sized tractor 10 drives the header to harvest, so that the power is sufficient, the endurance time is long, and the harvesting machine is particularly suitable for harvesting the Chinese chives planted in large fields in large scale.
Claims (9)
1. A multi-row Chinese chive harvester is characterized in that: the harvester comprises a cutting table and a tractor (10) for driving the cutting table, wherein the cutting table comprises a nearside divider (1), a clamping device (2), a main frame (3), a vegetable poking wheel device (4), a connecting lifting device (5), a cutting device (6), a tension wheel device (7), a depth wheel device (8) and a conveying device (9); the nearside divider (1) is arranged at the front end of the main frame (3) and at the bottom of the clamping device (2); the cutting device (6) is arranged at the bottom of the front end of the main frame (3), the depth limiting wheel devices (8) are arranged on two sides of the front end of the main frame (3), the clamping device (2) is arranged on the upper portion of the front end of the main frame (3), the tension wheel device (7) is arranged on the upper portion of the front end of the main frame (3), and the vegetable poking wheel device (4) is arranged on the upper portion of the tail end of the clamping device (2); the device is characterized in that the conveying device (9) is arranged at the rear end of the main frame (3), the connecting and lifting device (5) is arranged at the rear part of the conveying device (9) to connect the main frame (3) and the tractor (10) into a whole, and the tractor (10) drives the header to complete the harvesting of the Chinese chives.
2. A multi-row leek harvester according to claim 1, wherein: the cutting device (6) comprises a fixed cutter (19), a movable cutter (21), a bevel gear box (29), a coupling (30), a cutting motor (31), a cutting lithium battery (32), a connecting rod (33) and an eccentric wheel (34); the two sides and the rear end of the fixed knife (19) are connected with the main frame (3), the movable knife (21) is arranged on the fixed knife (19), the movable knife (21) is connected with one end of a connecting rod (33), and the connecting rod (33) drives the movable knife (21) to linearly slide left and right on the fixed knife to complete the cutting action; the other end of the connecting rod (33) is connected with an eccentric wheel (34), the eccentric wheel (34) is fixed on an output shaft at the lower end of the bevel gear box (29), and the bevel gear box (29) is fixed on a cross beam at the bottom of the front end of the main frame (3); the cutting motor (31) is fixed on the main frame (3), the output shaft end of the cutting motor (31) is connected with the input shaft end of the bevel gear box (29) through a coupler (30), and the rear end of the cutting motor is arranged on the bevel gear box (29); the cutting lithium battery (32) is fixed on the main frame (3) and is arranged on the cutting motor (31) at the rear.
3. A multi-row leek harvester according to claim 1, wherein: the clamping device (2) comprises a plurality of groups of wheel shafts (12) which are arranged side by side, a clamping belt (22) is sleeved on each group of wheel shafts (12), a clamping motor (13) is arranged at the top end of each group of wheel shafts (12), the lower ends of the wheel shafts (12) are connected to the main frame (3), the upper ends of the wheel shafts (12) are connected to a cover plate (20), and the cover plate (20) is fixed on the main frame (3); from the position far away from the dish outlet end to the position close to the dish outlet end, the rotating speed of the clamping motor (13) corresponding to each group of clamping belts (22) is increased in sequence, and the rotating speed of the wheel shaft (12) is increased in sequence.
4. A multi-row leek harvester according to claim 3, wherein: the clamping motor (13) is connected with a lithium battery (18), and the lithium batteries (18) are respectively arranged on two sides of the middle part of the main rack (3); the upper end of the divider (1) is fixed on the cover plate (20), and the lower end of the divider (1) is fixed on the main frame (3); the tensioning wheel device (7) is arranged on the outer side of the loose edge of the clamping belt (22) close to the dish outlet end.
5. A multi-row leek harvester according to claim 3, wherein: the tensioning wheel device (7) comprises a tensioning wheel (23), a tensioning bracket (24), a sleeve (25), a rear upright post (26), a torsion spring (27) and a front upright post (28); the upper end and the lower end of the tension wheel (23) are respectively movably connected with a tension bracket (24), the tension bracket (24) and a torsion spring (27) are sleeved on a front upright post (28), and the sleeve (25) is sleeved on the upper part of the front upright post (28) to limit the vertical movement of the bracket (24); the top end of the front upright post (28) is fixed on the cover plate (20), and the lower end of the front upright post is fixed on the main frame (3); the upper end of the rear upright post (26) is fixed on the cover plate (20), and the lower end is fixed on the main frame (3); one end of the torsion spring (27) is hooked with the bracket (24), and the other end is hooked with the rear upright post (26).
6. A multi-row leek harvester according to claim 1, wherein: the vegetable poking wheel device (4) comprises a vegetable poking wheel motor (11), a vegetable poking wheel (14), a vegetable poking wheel shaft (15), a vegetable poking wheel bearing seat (16), a bearing seat support (17) and a vegetable baffle plate (47); the vegetable poking wheel (14) is fixed on a vegetable poking wheel shaft (15), two ends of the vegetable poking wheel shaft (15) are respectively supported by a vegetable poking wheel bearing seat (16), and the vegetable poking wheel bearing seat (16) is fixed on a bearing seat support (17); the bearing seat support (17) is connected to the main frame (3) through a bolt, the output shaft end of the vegetable poking wheel motor (11) is connected to the right end of the vegetable poking wheel shaft (15), a flange plate of the vegetable poking wheel motor (11) is fixed to the main frame (3), and a lithium battery (18) supplies power; the vegetable baffle plate (47) is fixed in a groove at the bottom of the middle of the main frame (3).
7. A multi-row leek harvester according to claim 1, wherein: the depth wheel device (8) comprises an adjusting nut (35), a compression spring (36), a shell (37), a limit screw (38), a depth wheel shaft (39) and a depth wheel (40); the shell (37) is fixed on the main frame (3); the adjusting nut (35) is arranged at the top of the shell (37), and the adjusting nut (35) is connected to the shell (37) through threads; the depth limiting wheel shaft (39) is arranged in the shell (37), a square column body at the middle section of the depth limiting wheel shaft (39) is matched with a square hole of the shell (37), a cylinder at the upper section of the depth limiting wheel shaft (39) penetrates through the adjusting nut (35) and the compression spring (36), and a depth limiting wheel (40) is arranged at the lower end of the depth limiting wheel shaft (39); the compression spring (36) is arranged in a square hole of the shell (37), the lower end of the adjusting nut (35) compresses the compression spring (36), and the lower end of the compression spring (36) is arranged on a square column shoulder at the middle section of the depth-limiting wheel shaft (39); the limiting screws (38) are respectively fixed on the front wall and the rear wall of the shell (37) through threads and are embedded into limiting grooves of a square column body at the middle section of the depth limiting wheel shaft (39).
8. A multi-row leek harvester according to claim 1, wherein: the connecting lifting device (5) comprises an oil pipe assembly (41), an oil cylinder (42), a cotter pin (44), a lifting support (49), a pin shaft (51), a fine adjustment screw (52) and a fixing support (58); the rear guide rail of the lifting support (48) is arranged in a U-shaped guide rail groove of the fixed support (58), the front end of the lifting support (49) is provided with a connecting hole, and the lifting support (49) is connected with the main frame (3) through a pin shaft (51) and a cotter pin (44) respectively; the piston output end of the oil cylinder (42) is connected with a top cross beam of the lifting support (49), and the bottom of the cylinder body of the oil cylinder (42) is connected with the bottom of the fixed support (58); one end of the oil pipe assembly (41) is connected with the lower end of the oil cylinder (42), and the other end of the oil pipe assembly is connected with a tractor hydraulic system; and a fine adjustment screw (52) is arranged on the bottom plate of the lifting bracket (49).
9. A multi-row leek harvester according to claim 1, wherein: the conveying device (9) comprises an inner spline shaft (43), an outer spline shaft (45), a conveying bearing seat (46), an adjustable pull rod (48), a universal joint (50), a belt transmission (53), a chain transmission (54), a transmission bearing seat assembly (55), a primary universal transmission assembly (56), a secondary universal transmission assembly (57), a threaded ejector rod (59), a base (60), a conveying belt tensioning device (61), a conveying belt transmission (62), a conveying rack (63), a fixed pull rod (64) and a positioning pin (65); the rear output shaft of the tractor (10) is connected with a transmission bearing seat assembly (55) through a chain transmission (54), and two ends of the primary universal transmission assembly (56) are respectively connected with the transmission bearing seat assembly (55); two ends of the secondary universal transmission assembly (57) are respectively connected with the transmission bearing seat assembly (55); the transmission bearing seat assembly (55) is fixed on the tractor (10); one end of the universal joint (50) is connected with the transmission bearing seat assembly (55), and the other end of the universal joint is connected with the end of the internal spline shaft (43); the inner spline shaft (43) is in movable connection with an outer spline shaft of the outer spline shaft (45) through an inner spline shaft, the outer spline shaft (45) is connected with the input end of a conveying bearing seat assembly (46) through a universal joint (50), the output end of the conveying bearing seat assembly (46) is connected with the power input shaft end of a conveying belt transmission (62) through a belt transmission (53), and the conveying bearing seat assembly (46) is fixed on the main frame (3); the conveying belt transmission (62) is fixed on a conveying rack (63), the bottom of the conveying rack (63) is fixed on a bottom plate of a main rack (3), a positioning pin (65) is arranged at the front end of the conveying rack (63) and matched with a positioning hole in a supporting plate in the middle of the main rack (3), and the rear end of the conveying rack (63) is tightly jacked and fixed through a threaded mandril (59) and a nut; two adjustable pull rods (48) are arranged at the vegetable outlet end of the conveying rack (63), and two ends of each adjustable pull rod (48) are respectively connected with the main rack (3) and the conveying rack (63) through a base (60); the upper part of the vegetable outlet end of the conveyor rack (63) is fixed on the end surface of the main rack (3), and the bottom of the vegetable outlet end of the conveyor rack (63) is fixed on a bracket at the bottom of the main rack (3); two sides of the conveying rack (63) at the transmission tail end of the conveying belt are respectively provided with a conveying belt tensioning device (61); the conveying machine frame (63) is provided with a fixed pull rod (64), and the fixed pull rod (64) is fixed on the main frame (3) through a nut.
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| CN113412726A (en) * | 2021-07-14 | 2021-09-21 | 江西省农业科学院农业工程研究所 | Self-propelled leaf vegetable harvester |
| CN113853936A (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2021-12-31 | 中国农业科学院都市农业研究所 | Whole board-like harvester of water planting lettuce that can collect dish in order |
| CN113875395A (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2022-01-04 | 湖南农业大学 | Boat form rice reaping apparatus |
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| CN113875395A (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2022-01-04 | 湖南农业大学 | Boat form rice reaping apparatus |
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| CN112042378B (en) | 2021-08-31 |
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Application publication date: 20201208 Assignee: Huai'an Hongyu Technology Service Co., Ltd Assignor: Huaiyin Institute of Technology Contract record no.: X2021980012088 Denomination of invention: A multi row leek harvester Granted publication date: 20210831 License type: Common License Record date: 20211109 |