CN112032193B - Precision three-ring composite bearing and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Precision three-ring composite bearing and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112032193B CN112032193B CN202011049935.0A CN202011049935A CN112032193B CN 112032193 B CN112032193 B CN 112032193B CN 202011049935 A CN202011049935 A CN 202011049935A CN 112032193 B CN112032193 B CN 112032193B
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 139
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 241001124134 Chrysomelidae Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 25
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 24
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920006152 PA1010 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C19/22—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
- F16C33/58—Raceways; Race rings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
- F16C33/58—Raceways; Race rings
- F16C33/64—Special methods of manufacture
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
- F16C33/66—Special parts or details in view of lubrication
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/72—Sealings
- F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
- F16C33/78—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members
- F16C33/7803—Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members suited for particular types of rolling bearings
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a precise three-ring composite bearing and a manufacturing method thereof, which are applicable to the fields of large-scale ship launching systems and the like. In order to solve the problem that the prior art lacks corresponding standards in the field of large-size bearings so as to cause production difficulty, and the transmission system of large ships and the like needs large-size coaxial bidirectional rotating bearings, the invention successfully manufactures the novel bearing which has the diameter of more than 2 meters, high precision, good sealing performance, corrosion resistance, can bear loads in all directions, has thin bearing wall and can realize coaxial double-rotation movement by adopting self-designed rolling bodies, isolating blocks and other parts and adopting a special process and a related quenching machine tool, and can meet the requirements of the fields.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of bearings, in particular to a precision three-ring composite bearing and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
The army weapon equipment such as artillery, ships and aircraft carriers often need to be assembled with large-size bearings, for example, the bearings in a large-sized ship launching system need to realize coaxial double-rotation motions with different directions and different speeds, and meanwhile, the large-size and high-precision army weapon equipment can bear loads in all directions, has thin bearing walls, and can adapt to actual needs. In the actual working condition of the product, the bearing can be frequently washed by sea waves, and the corrosion resistance is higher. At present, the design of the oversized bearing is few in China, because the oversized bearing is oversized, the difficulty of lacking relevant standards and the like in the manufacturing process is met, relevant parts are required to be designed by oneself, the standards are formulated, and the difficulty is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a novel bearing and a corresponding manufacturing method, so as to meet the requirements of large size, high precision and good sealing performance of the bearing in the fields of military industry and the like, and the requirements of coaxial double-rotation movement, thin bearing wall and bearing load in all directions can be realized.
The specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the three-ring composite bearing comprises an inner ring, a middle ring, an outer ring, rolling bodies, isolating blocks and sealing rings, wherein the whole diameter of the three-ring composite bearing is more than two meters, such as 2120mm; a first rolling structure is arranged in a first rollaway nest between the inner ring and the middle ring, and the first rolling structure comprises a rolling body group A, a first isolation block group and a rolling body group B;
the first rolling body group and the second rolling body group have the same size and structure, and the rolling bodies are cylindrical; the first isolation block group is cuboid, one surface of the first isolation block group is provided with a curved surface groove A, the shape of the curved surface groove A is identical to that of the curved surface of the rolling body group A, the opposite surface of the first isolation block group is provided with a curved surface groove B, the shape of the curved surface groove B is identical to that of the curved surface of the rolling body group B, after the rolling body group A and the rolling body group B are arranged in the first isolation block group, the rolling body group A and the rolling body group B are not contacted with each other and are in a cross shape, and the two are approximately perpendicular to each other.
A second rolling structure is arranged in a second raceway between the outer ring and the middle ring, and the second rolling structure comprises a rolling body group C, a second isolation block group and a rolling body group D; the position relation among the parts in the second rolling structure is the same as that of the first rolling structure; the rolling bodies in the bearing adopt self-designed sizes, namely two rolling body groups, namely a rolling body group I and a rolling body group II, with the diameter of 32mm and the height of 31.3mm, and a rolling body group I and a rolling body group II, with the diameter of 25mm and the height of 24.4mm, wherein the two rolling bodies are respectively filled into two rollaway ways according to requirements. The diameter is slightly larger than the height, so that only the curved surface of the rolling body is contacted with the inner surface of the raceway when the bearing works, and friction between the two end surfaces of the rolling body and the inner surface of the raceway is avoided; unlike most bearings, the present invention has crossed roller structure to bear the load in different directions and raised rigidity.
The inner ring is provided with a first plunger hole, the first plunger hole is used for communicating the first rolling way with the outside, the rolling bodies and the isolation blocks are placed in the first plunger hole from the hole during installation, the first plunger is arranged in the first plunger hole, the first plunger is connected with the first plunger hole through a fixing device, and when all the rolling bodies and the isolation blocks are installed in place, the first plunger is plugged in and then fixed by the fixing device; the outer ring is provided with a second plunger hole, the second plunger hole communicates the second rolling way with the outside, a second plunger is arranged in the second plunger hole, and the second plunger hole is connected with the second plunger hole through a fixing device; the securing means may be a latch.
In the vertical direction, the height of the first rollaway nest is greater than the height of the second rollaway nest.
The curved surface groove of the isolation block is also provided with a small groove for storing lubricating oil, so that the lubricating time after each oiling is prolonged.
A first oil injection hole is formed in the inner ring to communicate the first roller path with the outside, the inner end of the first oil injection hole faces the middle of the first roller path, so that two groups of rolling bodies can be infiltrated when oil enters the inner ring, and the outer end of the first oil injection hole is closed by a hexagonal set screw; the outer ring is provided with a second oil filling hole for communicating the second rolling way with the outside, the inner end of the second oil filling hole faces the middle of the rolling way, and the outer end of the second oil filling hole is closed by a hexagonal set screw.
The spacer is made of a high molecular polymer such as polyamide 1010 resin.
The included angle between the axes of the first rolling element group and the second rolling element group is more than or equal to 90 degrees and 10 minutes and less than or equal to 90 degrees and 15 minutes, which is the adjustment for special play and stress, and of course, the corresponding requirements are required for the grooves on the isolation blocks.
The internal sealing ring is a Y-shaped sealing ring which is self-designed and is characterized by adopting slight interference, for example, the interference is 0.08-0.15mm, so that the influence on starting moment is greatly reduced while good sealing performance is ensured; the upper surface of the middle ring is provided with a ring-shaped groove, and a rubber sealing ring, such as an O-shaped rubber sealing ring, can be installed in the groove, and forms a sealing effect after other parts outside the bearing are attached to the plane of the bearing, so that seawater erosion is reduced.
The outer ring and the inner ring are provided with through bolt holes, the middle ring is provided with non-through bolt holes, and the bolt holes are used for connecting all parts.
After final installation, the exposed portions of the present invention are painted to further improve corrosion resistance.
In order to meet the requirement of high rotation precision, the bearing adopts small clearance, the clearance in the two rollaway nest is different, the clearance (namely the axial clearance of the inner ring) in the first rollaway nest is more than or equal to 0.07mm and less than or equal to 0.12mm, and the clearance (namely the axial clearance of the outer ring) in the second rollaway nest is more than or equal to 0.10mm and less than or equal to 0.15mm.
The main technical indexes of the invention are as follows:
1. inner ring radial runout: 0.12mm.
2. Inner ring end face runout: 0.12mm.
3. Middle ring radial runout: 0.12mm.
4. Middle circle parallelism: 0.12mm.
5. Outer ring radial runout: 0.12mm.
6. Outer ring end face runout: 0.12mm.
7. Outer ring axial gap: 0.10-0.15mm.
8. Inner ring axial gap: 0.07-0.12mm.
9. Outer ring no-load starting moment: and is less than or equal to 80N.m.
10. Inner ring no-load starting moment: and is less than or equal to 60N.m.
The manufacturing method of the precision three-ring composite bearing comprises the following steps of:
firstly, forging a blank, namely preheating the blank at 800 ℃ for 30 hours, forging, wherein the initial forging temperature is 1038 ℃, and preserving the heat for 24 hours, wherein the final forging temperature is 800 ℃.
And secondly, normalizing the blank, preserving the heat of the blank at 1000 ℃ for 24 hours, and air-cooling.
Thirdly, turning the blank to obtain a ferrule blank.
Fourthly, quenching and tempering the ferrule blank, wherein quenching and tempering are carried out; the quenching adopts an induction quenching machine tool, the quenching frequency is 2500Hz, the rotating speed of a ferrule blank is 200mm/min, the power of a heating power supply is 130kw, and a quenching medium is a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution with mass fraction of 0.1-0.3%; preheating a ferrule blank for 1.6 hours at 850 ℃ before quenching, wherein the quenching temperature is 950 ℃ and the quenching time is 1.6 hours; tempering is carried out in a well tempering furnace within 3 hours after quenching, the tempering temperature is 150 ℃, the heat preservation is carried out for 3 hours, and air cooling is carried out.
Fifthly, roughly turning the ferrule blank, wherein the outer diameter of the ferrule blank of the outer ring is 2126mm-2126.45mm, the inner diameter of the ferrule blank of the outer ring is 1975.55mm-1976mm, and the thickness of the ferrule blank is 86mm-86.35mm after roughly turning; the outer diameter of a ferrule blank of the inner ring is 1794mm-1794.45mm, the inner diameter is 1683.55mm-1684mm, and the thickness is 72mm-72.35mm; the upper inner diameter of the ferrule blank of the middle ring is 1751.45mm-1752mm, the middle inner diameter is 1785.45mm-1786mm, the lower inner diameter is 1984mm-1984.55mm, the upper outer diameter is 1942mm-1945.55mm, the lower outer diameter is 1984mm-1984.55mm, the total thickness is 186mm-186.45mm, and the lower step thickness is 86mm-86.35mm.
And sixthly, processing a plunger and a taper pin hole on the ferrule blank of the inner ring and the ferrule blank of the outer ring.
And seventhly, finely turning the ferrule blank to obtain the inner ring, the outer ring and the middle ring.
Eighth, the first oil filling hole is formed in the inner ring, and the second oil filling hole is formed in the outer ring.
And ninth, carrying out raceway quenching on raceway surfaces of the first raceway and the second raceway, wherein the raceway quenching process is the same as that in the fourth step.
And tenth, hard turning the inner ring, the outer ring and the middle ring.
Eleventh, processing mounting holes on the inner ring, the outer ring and the middle ring, and processing oil cup threads on the inner ring and the outer ring.
And twelfth, carrying out stress relief tempering on the inner ring, the outer ring and the middle ring, wherein the stress relief tempering process is the same as that in the fourth step.
And thirteenth step, finishing the inner hole of the inner ring, the outer circle positioning step of the outer ring and the inner and outer positioning steps of the middle ring.
Fourteenth step, mating raceway surfaces of the first raceway and the second raceway: the components are lathed according to the actual value of the clearance during the fitting.
The manufacturing method of the precision three-ring composite bearing uses turning to replace grinding, ensures precision and reduces negative influence of grinding heating on internal stress of a workpiece.
The induction quenching machine tool in the fourth step comprises a machine body, a fixing part, a control part and an induction part, wherein the machine body comprises a back plate, an upper rail, a lower rail, a first vertical rail and a second vertical rail, the fixing part comprises a support blade A, a support blade B, a connecting point and a slide block, the support blade A, the support blade B and the second vertical rail are intersected and fixed at the connecting point, the slide block is arranged on the second vertical rail, the slide block can slide up and down along the second vertical rail, and the slide block and the second vertical rail can be relatively fixed through fixing devices such as bolts and nuts; the first vertical track is arranged on the left side of the machine body, the first vertical track is provided with an inductor which can slide up and down along the first vertical track, the first vertical track can slide left and right along the upper track and the lower track, and the control part is arranged on the left side of the first vertical track and comprises a display screen and a control panel; the front surface of the sliding block is provided with a driven roller.
The support leaf beetle is provided with a roller and a carrier roller, the roller and the carrier roller are fixed on a moving body, the roller is driven to rotate by a roller motor, the carrier roller is driven to rotate by a carrier roller motor, the carrier roller is perpendicular to the support leaf beetle, the roller is parallel to the support leaf beetle, the axial direction of the roller is parallel to the axial direction of the support leaf beetle, two thirds of the roller is arranged inside the support leaf beetle, and the other third of the roller is exposed outside the support leaf beetle; the support She Dingduan is provided with a top motor, the top motor drives a screw rod, and a driven nut of the screw rod is connected with the moving body.
The structure of the supporting leaf B is the same as that of the supporting leaf A.
The beneficial effects are that: the novel precise three-ring composite bearing and the manufacturing method thereof are provided in the field of domestic large-size bearings, are suitable for the fields of artillery, ships, aircraft carriers and other equipment, such as a large-sized ship launching system, realize coaxial bidirectional rotary motions in different directions and at different speeds, and meet the requirements of large size, high precision, strong sealing, corrosion resistance, thin bearing wall and capability of bearing loads in all directions; the slight interference is adopted, the interference range is automatically established, and the influence on the starting moment is greatly reduced while the good tightness is ensured; the optimal included angle range of the crossed roller is autonomously established according to the adjustment made by the special clearance and stress pair; and a novel rolling body which is not national standard is designed independently. The independent designs can provide standard references for the future large-size bearing field, wherein the structure of the induction hardening machine tool with the independent designs is simpler than that of the original IWH160, and the induction hardening machine tool has higher popularization value.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a precision three-turn composite bearing.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of rolling elements and spacers in a second raceway.
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a precision three-turn composite bearing.
Fig. 4 and 5 are schematic partial cross-sectional views of a precision three-ring composite bearing.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the induction hardening machine.
The outer ring 1, the second cylinder hole 11, the fixing device 12, the middle ring 2, the inner ring 3, the external seal ring 121, the internal seal ring 123, the annular groove 21, the rolling body group c 61, the second spacer block group 63, the rolling body group d 62, the bearing ring 7 (the ring is a collective name of the inner ring, the outer ring, and the middle ring), the control part 8, the first vertical rail 9, the inductor 13, the lower rail 14, the upper rail 15, the second vertical rail 16, the carrier roller 17, the roller 18, the connection point 19, the moving body 21, the slider 22, the driven pulley 23, the supporting leaf first 24, and the supporting leaf second 25.
Detailed Description
A precision three-turn composite bearing of the present invention is further described below with reference to fig. 1-5.
Example 1: the inner ring 3, the middle ring 2 and the outer ring 1 are manufactured, and the outer diameter of the outer ring 1 is 2120mm; the rolling bodies which are designed by oneself in the bearing are manufactured, specifically two rolling bodies, one rolling body is a rolling body with the diameter of 32mm and the height of 31.3mm and is used as a rolling body group III 61 and a rolling body group IV 62, and the other rolling body is a rolling body with the diameter of 25mm and the height of 24.4mm and is used as a rolling body group I and a rolling body group II; the spacer blocks are manufactured by machining, and the spacer blocks are divided into two types specifically, namely a first spacer block group placed in a first rolling way, a second spacer block group 63 placed in a second rolling way, the size of each spacer block group is required to be matched with the rolling bodies on two sides of the spacer blocks, specifically, the included angle between the axes of the rolling bodies on two sides of the spacer blocks is required to be equal to 90 degrees and 10 minutes, and the condition that only the curved surfaces of the rolling bodies are contacted with the inner surface of the rolling way when the bearing works is required to be met, so that friction between two end faces of the rolling bodies and the inner surface of the rolling way is avoided. The inner ring 3, the intermediate ring 2, and the outer ring 1 were assembled so that the outer ring axial gap (gap between the outer ring 1 and the intermediate ring 2) was 0.10mm, and the inner ring axial gap (gap between the inner ring 3 and the intermediate ring 2) was 0.07mm. The second plunger hole 11 is sequentially filled with the rolling body group C61, the second isolation block group 63, the rolling body group T62 and the second isolation block group 63, the circulation is performed, the plunger is mounted after the filling, the fixing device 12 is mounted, a bolt is selected, then the built-in sealing ring 123 and the external sealing ring 121 are mounted, the built-in sealing ring 123 is a Y-shaped sealing ring, light interference is adopted during assembly, and the interference is 0.08mm. The first rolling structure in the first raceway is installed as above. In order to ensure the smooth work of the bearing, lubricating oil needs to be added. And opening the oil filling hole, filling lubricating oil into the oil filling hole, and sealing the outer port of the oil filling hole by using a hexagonal set screw. The design of the oil filling hole belongs to the prior art and is not shown in the figure.
Example 2: the inner ring 3, the middle ring 2 and the outer ring 1 are manufactured, and the outer diameter of the outer ring 1 is 2120mm; the rolling bodies which are designed by oneself in the bearing are manufactured, specifically two rolling bodies, one rolling body is a rolling body with the diameter of 32mm and the height of 31.3mm and is used as a rolling body group III 61 and a rolling body group IV 62, and the other rolling body is a rolling body with the diameter of 25mm and the height of 24.4mm and is used as a rolling body group I and a rolling body group II; the spacer blocks are manufactured by machining, and the spacer blocks are divided into two types specifically, namely a first spacer block group placed in a first rolling way, a second spacer block group 63 placed in a second rolling way, the size of each spacer block group is required to be matched with the rolling bodies on two sides of the spacer blocks, specifically, the included angle between the axes of the rolling bodies on two sides of the spacer blocks is required to be equal to 90 degrees and 12 minutes, and the condition that only the curved surfaces of the rolling bodies are contacted with the inner surface of the rolling way when the bearing works is required to be met, so that friction between two end faces of the rolling bodies and the inner surface of the rolling way is avoided. The inner ring 3, the intermediate ring 2, and the outer ring 1 were assembled so that the outer ring axial gap (gap between the outer ring 1 and the intermediate ring 2) was 0.12mm, and the inner ring axial gap (gap between the inner ring 3 and the intermediate ring 2) was 0.10mm. The second plunger hole 11 is sequentially filled with the rolling body group C61, the second isolation block group 63, the rolling body group T62 and the second isolation block group 63, the circulation is performed, the plunger is mounted after the filling, the fixing device 12 is mounted, a bolt is selected, then the built-in sealing ring 123 and the external sealing ring 121 are mounted, the built-in sealing ring 123 is a Y-shaped sealing ring, light interference is adopted during assembly, and the interference is 0.10mm. The first rolling structure in the first raceway is installed as above. In order to ensure the smooth work of the bearing, lubricating oil needs to be added. And opening the oil filling hole, filling lubricating oil into the oil filling hole, and sealing the outer port of the oil filling hole by using a hexagonal set screw. The design of the oil filling hole belongs to the prior art and is not shown in the figure.
Example 3: the inner ring 3, the middle ring 2 and the outer ring 1 are manufactured, and the outer diameter of the outer ring 1 is 2120mm; the rolling bodies which are designed by oneself in the bearing are manufactured, specifically two rolling bodies, one rolling body is a rolling body with the diameter of 32mm and the height of 31.3mm and is used as a rolling body group III 61 and a rolling body group IV 62, and the other rolling body is a rolling body with the diameter of 25mm and the height of 24.4mm and is used as a rolling body group I and a rolling body group II; the spacer blocks are manufactured by machining, and the spacer blocks are divided into two types specifically, namely a first spacer block group placed in a first rolling way, a second spacer block group 63 placed in a second rolling way, the size of each spacer block group is required to be matched with the rolling bodies on two sides of the spacer blocks, specifically, the included angle between the axes of the rolling bodies on two sides of the spacer blocks is required to be equal to 15 minutes at 90 degrees, and the condition that only the curved surfaces of the rolling bodies are contacted with the inner surface of the rolling way when the bearing works is required to be met, so that friction between two end faces of the rolling bodies and the inner surface of the rolling way is avoided. The inner ring 3, the intermediate ring 2, and the outer ring 1 were assembled so that the outer ring axial gap (gap between the outer ring 1 and the intermediate ring 2) was 0.15mm, and the inner ring axial gap (gap between the inner ring 3 and the intermediate ring 2) was 0.12mm. The second plunger hole 11 is sequentially filled with the rolling body group C61, the second isolation block group 63, the rolling body group T62 and the second isolation block group 63, the circulation is performed, the plunger is mounted after the filling, the fixing device 12 is mounted, a bolt is selected, then the built-in sealing ring 123 and the external sealing ring 121 are mounted, the built-in sealing ring 123 is a Y-shaped sealing ring, light interference is adopted during assembly, and the interference is 0.15mm. The first rolling structure in the first raceway is installed as above. In order to ensure the smooth work of the bearing, lubricating oil needs to be added. And opening the oil filling hole, filling lubricating oil into the oil filling hole, and sealing the outer port of the oil filling hole by using a hexagonal set screw. The design of the oil filling hole belongs to the prior art and is not shown in the figure.
In addition, the plunger hole and corresponding fixing means shown in fig. 3 and 5 are drawn according to the conventional art, and the direction is deviated from the actual direction by 90 degrees, in which case the plunger hole is directed toward the middle of the raceway.
The assembled bearing is connected with a ship, an aircraft carrier and the like through bolts, and if necessary, a sealing ring can be put into the annular groove 21 on the middle ring, so that good tightness between the plane and other connected planes is ensured.
Next, a description will be given of how the large-sized bearing ring 7 is produced according to the present invention with reference to fig. 6.
Example 4: a method of manufacturing said one precision grade three-ring composite bearing, wherein a method of manufacturing said bearing ring 7. Comprising the following steps:
firstly, forging a blank, namely preheating the blank at 800 ℃ for 30 hours, forging, wherein the initial forging temperature is 1038 ℃, and preserving the heat for 24 hours, wherein the final forging temperature is 800 ℃.
And secondly, normalizing the blank, preserving the heat of the blank at 1000 ℃ for 24 hours, and air-cooling.
Thirdly, turning the blank to obtain a ferrule blank.
Fourthly, quenching and tempering the ferrule blank, wherein quenching and tempering are carried out; an induction quenching machine tool is adopted for quenching, the quenching frequency is set to 2500Hz, the rotating speed of a ferrule blank is 200mm/min, the power of a heating power supply is 130kw, and a quenching medium is a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution with mass fraction of 0.1% -0.3%; preheating a ferrule blank for 1.6 hours at 850 ℃ before quenching, wherein the quenching temperature is 950 ℃ and the quenching time is 1.6 hours; tempering is carried out in a well tempering furnace within 3 hours after quenching, the tempering temperature is 150 ℃, the heat preservation is carried out for 3 hours, and air cooling is carried out.
The second vertical rail 16, the first support blade 24 and the second support blade 25 meet at a connection point 19. During quenching, the motor at the top end of the supporting blade cover 24 is adjusted according to the diameter of the bearing ring 7 to rotate so as to drive the screw rod to rotate, and then the moving body 20 is driven to move to a proper position along the axial direction of the supporting blade cover 24, and the supporting blade cover 25 is the same. The screw structure is common knowledge and is not depicted in the drawings. The sliding block 22 on the second vertical rail 16 is moved to a proper position along the second vertical rail 16, so as to ensure that the bearing ring 7 can fully contact with the driven roller 23 on the front surface of the sliding block 22, and the purpose is to smoothly rotate the bearing ring 7, and then fix the sliding block 22 through bolts and nuts. The bearing ring 7 is placed on the support blade first 24 and the support blade second 25 so as to contact with the carrier roller 17 and the carrier roller on the support blade first 24 by means of gravity, and the rear surface of the bearing ring 7 contacts with the roller 18 and the roller on the support blade first 24. When the power supplies of the carrier roller motor and the roller motor are connected, the two carrier rollers rotate in the same direction, the bearing ring 7 is driven to rotate stably along one direction, and the whole bearing ring 7 can be quenched at the inductor 13. In order to accommodate bearing rings 7 of different sizes, the inductor 13 can also move up and down, left and right through the first vertical rail 9 and the upper rail 15, the lower rail 14. The process parameters are regulated by a control section 8.
Fifthly, roughly turning the ferrule blank, wherein the outer diameter of the ferrule blank of the outer ring is 2126mm-2126.45mm, the inner diameter of the ferrule blank of the outer ring is 1975.55mm-1976mm, and the thickness of the ferrule blank is 86mm-86.35mm after roughly turning; the outer diameter of a ferrule blank of the inner ring is 1794mm-1794.45mm, the inner diameter is 1683.55mm-1684mm, and the thickness is 72mm-72.35mm; the upper inner diameter of the ferrule blank of the middle ring is 1751.45mm-1752mm, the middle inner diameter is 1785.45mm-1786mm, the lower inner diameter is 1984mm-1984.55mm, the upper outer diameter is 1942mm-1945.55mm, the lower outer diameter is 1984mm-1984.55mm, the total thickness is 186mm-186.45mm, and the lower step thickness is 86mm-86.35mm.
And sixthly, processing a plunger and a taper pin hole on the ferrule blank of the inner ring and the ferrule blank of the outer ring.
And seventhly, finely turning the ferrule blank to obtain the inner ring, the outer ring and the middle ring.
Eighth, the first oil filling hole is formed in the inner ring, and the second oil filling hole is formed in the outer ring.
And ninth, carrying out raceway quenching on raceway surfaces of the first raceway and the second raceway, wherein the raceway quenching process is the same as that in the fourth step.
And tenth, hard turning the inner ring, the outer ring and the middle ring.
Eleventh, processing mounting holes on the inner ring, the outer ring and the middle ring, and processing oil cup threads on the inner ring and the outer ring.
And twelfth, carrying out stress relief tempering on the inner ring, the outer ring and the middle ring, wherein the stress relief tempering process is the same as that in the fourth step.
And thirteenth step, finishing the inner hole of the inner ring, the outer circle positioning step of the outer ring and the inner and outer positioning steps of the middle ring.
Fourteenth step, mating raceway surfaces of the first raceway and the second raceway: the components are lathed according to the actual value of the clearance during the fitting.
The above disclosure is intended to be illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, as any person skilled in the art would make variations or modifications which would fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (1)
1. The three-ring composite bearing comprises an inner ring, a middle ring, an outer ring, rolling bodies, isolating blocks and sealing rings, and is characterized in that the whole diameter of the three-ring composite bearing is larger than two meters;
a first rolling structure is arranged in a first rollaway nest between the inner ring and the middle ring, and the first rolling structure comprises a rolling body group A, a first isolation block group and a rolling body group B;
the first rolling body group and the second rolling body group have the same size and structure, and the rolling bodies are cylindrical; the first isolation block group is cuboid, one surface of the first isolation block group is provided with a curved surface groove A, the shape of the curved surface groove A is identical to that of the curved surface of the rolling body group A, the opposite surface of the first isolation block group is provided with a curved surface groove B, the shape of the curved surface groove B is identical to that of the curved surface of the rolling body group B, and after the rolling body group A and the rolling body group B are arranged in the first isolation block group, the rolling body group A and the rolling body group B are not contacted with each other and are in a cross shape;
a second rolling structure is arranged in a second raceway between the outer ring and the middle ring, and the second rolling structure comprises a rolling body group C, a second isolation block group and a rolling body group D; the position relation among the parts in the second rolling structure is the same as that of the first rolling structure;
when the bearing works, the curved surface of the rolling body is contacted with the raceway surface where the rolling body is positioned, and the bottom surface of the rolling body is separated from the raceway surface where the rolling body is positioned;
the inner ring is provided with a first plunger hole which communicates the first roller path with the outside, a first plunger is arranged in the first plunger hole, and the first plunger is connected with the first plunger hole through a fixing device; the outer ring is provided with a second plunger hole, the second plunger hole communicates the second rolling way with the outside, a second plunger is arranged in the second plunger hole, and the second plunger hole is connected with the second plunger hole through a fixing device;
the inner ring is provided with a first oil filling hole for communicating the first roller way with the outside, the inner end of the first oil filling hole faces the middle of the first roller way, and the outer end of the first oil filling hole is closed by a hexagonal set screw; the outer ring is provided with a second oil filling hole for communicating a second rolling way with the outside, the inner end of the second oil filling hole faces the middle of the rolling way, the outer end of the second oil filling hole is sealed by a hexagonal set screw, the included angle between the axes of the rolling body group A and the rolling body group B is more than or equal to 90 degrees and less than or equal to 15 degrees, the juncture of the inner ring and the middle ring is provided with an external sealing ring, the juncture of the outer ring and the middle ring is provided with an external sealing ring and an internal sealing ring, the upper surface of the middle ring is provided with a ring-shaped groove, the outer ring and the inner ring are provided with through bolt holes, the middle ring is provided with non-through bolt holes, and the radial runout of the inner ring is less than 0.12mm; the end face runout of the inner ring is smaller than 0.12mm; the radial runout of the middle ring is smaller than 0.12mm; the parallelism of the middle ring is smaller than 0.12mm; the radial runout of the outer ring is smaller than 0.12mm; the end face runout of the outer ring is smaller than 0.12mm; the axial clearance of the outer ring is more than or equal to 0.10mm and less than or equal to 0.15mm; the axial clearance of the inner ring is more than or equal to 0.07mm and less than or equal to 0.12mm; the no-load starting moment of the outer ring is smaller than or equal to 80N.m; the no-load starting moment of the inner ring is smaller than 60N.m; the diameters of the rolling body group I and the rolling body group II are 32mm, the height is 31.3mm, the diameters of the rolling body group I and the rolling body group II are 25mm, the height is 24.4mm, and the overall diameter of the precision three-ring composite bearing is 2120mm;
wherein the method for manufacturing the inner ring, the middle ring and the outer ring comprises the following steps:
firstly, forging a blank, namely preheating the blank at 800 ℃ for 30 hours, forging, wherein the initial forging temperature is 1038 ℃, and preserving the heat for 24 hours, wherein the final forging temperature is 800 ℃;
secondly, normalizing the blank, preserving the heat of the blank at 1000 ℃ for 24 hours, and air-cooling;
thirdly, turning the blank to obtain a ferrule blank;
fourthly, quenching and tempering the ferrule blank, wherein quenching and tempering are carried out; the quenching adopts an induction quenching machine tool, the quenching frequency is 2500Hz, the rotating speed of a ferrule blank is 200mm/min, the power of a heating power supply is 130kw, and a quenching medium is a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution with mass fraction of 0.1-0.3%; preheating a ferrule blank for 1.6 hours at 850 ℃ before quenching, wherein the quenching temperature is 950 ℃ and the quenching time is 1.6 hours; tempering is carried out in a well tempering furnace within 3 hours after quenching, the tempering temperature is 150 ℃, the heat preservation is carried out for 3 hours, and air cooling is carried out;
fifthly, roughly turning the ferrule blank, wherein the outer diameter of the ferrule blank of the outer ring is 2126mm-2126.45mm, the inner diameter of the ferrule blank of the outer ring is 1975.55mm-1976mm, and the thickness of the ferrule blank is 86mm-86.35mm after roughly turning; the outer diameter of a ferrule blank of the inner ring is 1794mm-1794.45mm, the inner diameter is 1683.55mm-1684mm, and the thickness is 72mm-72.35mm; the upper inner diameter of the ferrule blank of the middle ring is 1751.45mm-1752mm, the middle inner diameter is 1785.45mm-1786mm, the lower inner diameter is 1984mm-1984.55mm, the upper outer diameter is 1942mm-1945.55mm, the lower outer diameter is 1984mm-1984.55mm, the total thickness is 186mm-186.45mm, and the lower step thickness is 86mm-86.35mm;
sixthly, processing a plunger and a taper pin hole on the ferrule blank of the inner ring and the ferrule blank of the outer ring;
seventh, finely turning the ferrule blank to obtain the inner ring, the outer ring and the middle ring;
eighth step, the first oil filling hole is formed in the inner ring, and the second oil filling hole is formed in the outer ring;
a ninth step of carrying out raceway quenching on raceway surfaces of the first raceway and the second raceway, wherein the raceway quenching process is the same as that in the fourth step;
a tenth step of hard turning the inner ring, the outer ring and the middle ring;
eleventh step, processing mounting holes on the inner ring, the outer ring and the middle ring, and processing oil cup threads on the inner ring and the outer ring;
a twelfth step of carrying out stress relief tempering on the inner ring, the outer ring and the middle ring, wherein the stress relief tempering process is the same as that in the fourth step;
a thirteenth step of polishing the inner hole of the inner ring, the outer circle positioning step of the outer ring and the inner and outer positioning steps of the middle ring;
fourteenth step, mating raceway surfaces of the first raceway and the second raceway: turning the parts according to the actual value of the clearance in the process of fitting;
the induction quenching machine tool comprises a machine body, a fixing part, a control part and an induction part, wherein the machine body comprises a back plate, an upper rail, a lower rail, a first vertical rail and a second vertical rail, the fixing part comprises a support blade A, a support blade B, a connecting point and a sliding block, the support blade A, the support blade B and the second vertical rail are intersected and fixed on the connecting point, the sliding block is arranged on the second vertical rail, the sliding block can slide up and down along the second vertical rail, the sliding block and the second vertical rail can be relatively fixed through a fixing device, the first vertical rail is arranged on the left side of the machine body, an inductor can slide up and down along the first vertical rail, the first vertical rail can slide up and down along the upper rail, and the lower rail can slide left and right, and the control part is arranged on the left side of the first vertical rail and comprises a display screen and a control panel; the front surface of the sliding block is provided with a driven roller;
the support leaf beetle is provided with a roller and a carrier roller, the roller and the carrier roller are fixed on a moving body, the roller is driven to rotate by a roller motor, the carrier roller is driven to rotate by a carrier roller motor, the carrier roller is perpendicular to the support leaf beetle, the roller is parallel to the support leaf beetle, the axial direction of the roller is parallel to the axial direction of the support leaf beetle, two thirds of the roller is arranged inside the support leaf beetle, and the other third of the roller is exposed outside the support leaf beetle; the top end of the support leaf cover is provided with a top end motor, the top end motor drives a screw rod, and a driven nut of the screw rod is connected with the moving body;
the structure of the supporting leaf B is the same as that of the supporting leaf A.
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| CN114183463A (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2022-03-15 | 江苏万达特种轴承有限公司 | Split type slewing bearing of double reducing outer lane |
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