CN112029350A - 纳米陶瓷隔热膜及其制备方法 - Google Patents

纳米陶瓷隔热膜及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN112029350A
CN112029350A CN202010786459.4A CN202010786459A CN112029350A CN 112029350 A CN112029350 A CN 112029350A CN 202010786459 A CN202010786459 A CN 202010786459A CN 112029350 A CN112029350 A CN 112029350A
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江敏
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Abstract

本发明提供一种纳米陶瓷隔热膜，其包括四层，第一层为合金薄膜，第二层为隔热层，第三层为胶黏剂层，第四层为离合膜层。（1）将隔热层涂料上机涂布，基材为合金薄膜；（2）然后上胶黏剂，附上离合膜即可。本发明的纳米陶瓷隔热膜具有较高的耐化学腐蚀性、易加工性、拉伸强度以及耐热性，具有较高的透光率、稳定的剥离强度及易清洁性能，具备良好的高抗氧性、抗蠕变性、耐刮擦性、防指纹性以及憎水性能，产品更具有天空自然蓝的颜色，让环境更舒适。

Description

纳米陶瓷隔热膜及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于塑料加工技术领域，具体涉及一种纳米陶瓷隔热膜及其制备方法。
背景技术
纳米陶瓷隔热膜是以表面硬化处理的PET为基材，采用具有优异隔热性能的纳米多元掺杂氧化物为介质，利用独特的分散技术处理配置成油墨，然后进行精密涂布工艺加工成可直接黏贴的功能性薄膜。
纳米陶瓷颗粒可以对近红外和远红外有很强的吸收，但对可见光有很高透过率，将红外光线转换成热能，由于（1）玻璃的传热系数远大于PET（2）室外空气是对流的，有助于热量的散出。所以吸收红外的热量绝大部分扩散到室外，只有很少量热量（＜10%）以远红外线辐射到室内，从而可以做到降低室内温度5-8℃。
作为窗膜保护产品，纳米陶瓷隔热膜还应当具有缓冲撞击，防止玻璃爆裂，或防止玻璃不慎撞击造成玻璃的破碎飞散，减少玻璃的隐性伤害，保障用户安全，同时还需保持屏幕面玻璃特有的光泽及接近天空自然蓝的柔和性，质感和提高表面硬度。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种纳米陶瓷隔热膜及其制备方法，该纳米陶瓷隔热膜具有较高的耐化学腐蚀性、易加工性、拉伸强度以及耐热性，具有较高的透光率、稳定的剥离强度及易清洁性能，具备良好的高抗氧性、抗蠕变性、耐刮擦性、防指纹性以及憎水性能，产品更具有天空自然蓝的颜色，让环境更舒适。
本发明纳米陶瓷隔热膜包括四层，第一层为合金薄膜，第二层为隔热层，第三层为胶黏剂层，第四层为离合膜层。
本发明所述合金薄膜为聚碳酸酯/聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯合金离型薄膜，所述合金薄膜，以重量份数计，由以下成分制成：聚碳酸酯100份、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯20-30份、酯交换催化剂甲醇钠0.1-0.2份、抗氧剂1-2份、钛酸酯偶联剂2-5份、成核剂0.5-1份。
聚碳酸酯(PC)具有良好的冲击强度和热稳定性，但是熔体粘度大，加工流动性较差，聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)有较低的熔体粘度，加工流动性好，但是相比于PC抗冲性能差，PC是非结晶性聚合物，PET是结晶性聚合物，结构上的差异导致PC与PET相容性差，直接共混两者的优势很难发挥出来，导致PC/PET合金性能较差。因此加入了酯交换催化剂甲醇钠使聚碳酸酯/聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯产生酯交换反应以改善两种树脂的相容性。
加入钛酸酯偶联剂，除了能够改善合金薄膜与隔热层的粘结性，还能改善合金薄膜的收缩性，使其收缩性与隔热层接近，两层之间不易脱离。
本发明所述本发明所述合金薄膜的制备方法如下：
（1）将各物料按比例称好，放入高速混合机中混合均匀，混合时间5-10分钟，混合转速1000-1200转/分钟，然后放出物料；
（2）将上述混配好的物料投入到双螺杆挤出机中挤出片材，然后进行四辊压延，压延温度为195-265℃，然后在180-200℃范围内双向拉伸，即得本发明所述合金薄膜。
本发明所述隔热层，以重量份数计算，由以下成分制成：
聚乙烯醇4-7份、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯0.02～0.2份、水性丙烯酸乳液5-7份、表面活性剂0.005～0.01份、催化剂0.001～0.005份，消泡剂0.003～0.005份、流平剂0.01-0.05份、纳米二氧化钛15-20份、纳米氮化硅3-5份、纳米二氧化硅5-10份、纳米蓝色氧化钨0.05-0.2份、去离子水80～85份。
所述的催化剂为对甲苯磺酸。
所述的消泡剂为BYK-012。
所述的表面活性剂为十二烷基磺酸钠。
所述的流平剂为丙烯酸类流平剂金团KEPERSURF-157。
本发明所述隔热层涂料的制备方法如下：
1)将纳米二氧化钛、纳米氮化硅、纳米二氧化硅、纳米蓝色氧化钨按比例混合，在球磨机上混合均匀；
2)将步骤1)混合好的粉末装入石墨模具中，采用热压烧结工艺进行制备，热压烧结温度为1000-1200℃，保温时间为1-2小时，粉碎，得到纳米陶瓷粉末；
3）将聚乙烯醇与去离子水混合搅拌，搅拌速度为50-100转/分钟，加热至90-100℃，恒温1-2h后加入水性丙烯酸乳液、消泡剂、流平剂、表面活性剂，降温至30-50℃，然后六亚甲基二异氰酸酯和催化剂，升温至50-60℃恒温反应2-3h，充分搅拌,最后加入步骤2）制备得到的纳米陶瓷粉末，高速混合均匀转速为500-1000转/分钟。
本发明所述的胶黏剂层为二甲基硅油。
本发明所述的离合膜层为聚乙烯或者PVC膜。
在上述技术方案中，所述纳米陶瓷隔热膜的厚度为50～60μm，其中，合金薄膜的厚度为10～15μm，隔热层的厚度为20～25μm，胶黏剂层的厚度为5～10μm，离合膜层的厚度为10～15μm。
本发明纳米陶瓷隔热膜的制备方法如下：
（1）将隔热层涂料上机涂布，基材为合金薄膜；
（2）然后上胶，附上离合膜即可。
本发明的有益效果如下：本发明的纳米陶瓷隔热膜具有较高的耐化学腐蚀性、易加工性、拉伸强度以及耐热性，具有较高的透光率、稳定的剥离强度及易清洁性能，具备良好的高抗氧性、抗蠕变性、耐刮擦性、防指纹性以及憎水性能，产品更具有天空自然蓝的颜色，让环境更舒适。
具体实施方式
实施例1
合金膜层配方：
以重量份数计算，由以下成分制成：聚碳酸酯100份、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯25份，酯交换催化剂甲醇钠0.15份、抗氧剂1010 1份，钛酸酯偶联剂4份；成核剂纳米二氧化硅0.7份。
合金膜层制备方法：
（1）将各物料按比例称好，放入高速混合机中混合均匀，混合时间8分钟，混合转速1200转/分钟，然后放出物料；
（2）将上述混配好的物料投入到双螺杆挤出机中挤出片材，然后进行四辊压延，压延温度为220℃，然后在190℃范围内双向拉伸，即得本发明所述合金薄膜，膜厚为15μm。
隔热层配方；
以重量份数计算，由以下成分制成：
聚乙烯醇5份、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯0.05份、水性丙烯酸乳液6份、表面活性剂0.008份、催化剂0.003份，消泡剂BYK-0120.004份、流平剂金团KEPERSURF-1570.03份、纳米二氧化钛15份、纳米氮化硅4份、纳米二氧化硅7份、纳米蓝色氧化钨0.07份、去离子水80份；
所述的催化剂为对甲苯磺酸；
所述的消泡剂为BYK-012；
所述的表面活性剂为十二烷基磺酸钠；
所述的流平剂为丙烯酸类流平剂。
制备方法如下：
1)将纳米二氧化钛、纳米氮化硅、纳米二氧化硅、纳米蓝色氧化钨按比例混合，在球磨机上混合均匀；
2)将步骤1)混合好的粉末装入石墨模具中，采用热压烧结工艺进行制备，热压烧结温度为1200℃，保温时间为1小时，粉碎，得到纳米陶瓷粉末；
3）将聚乙烯醇与去离子水混合搅拌，搅拌速度为70转/分钟，加热至95℃，恒温1h后加入水性丙烯酸乳液、消泡剂、流平剂、表面活性剂，降温至30℃，然后六亚甲基二异氰酸酯和催化剂，升温至60℃恒温反应2h，充分搅拌,最后加入步骤2）制备得到的纳米陶瓷粉末，高速混合均匀转速为1000转/分钟。
纳米陶瓷隔热膜的制备方法如下：
（1）将隔热层涂料上机涂布，基材为合金薄膜；
（2）然后胶黏剂，附上离合膜即得纳米陶瓷隔热膜。
实施例1的技术性能指标如下：
1）剥离力：≥1500 gf/25mm；
2）合金薄膜的厚度为15μm，隔热层的厚度为20μm，胶黏剂层的厚度为10μm，离合膜层的厚度为10μm。
3）硬度：2H；
4）透光率：≥90%；
5）雾度：≤0.2；
6）紫外线投射比≤1%
8）保持力：90℃×24H；
9）耐摩擦：1Kg来回500次；
10）特性：高抗氧性，抗蠕变性与强度持久。
11）外观：无晶点、无彩虹纹、无划痕、无气泡。
12）将纳米陶瓷隔热膜贴车玻璃内层，10小时后，比不贴纳米陶瓷隔热膜的同样条件车内温度低5℃，该纳米陶瓷隔热膜可以连续使用5年。
对比例2
与实施例1的唯一不同点在于，将钛酸酯偶联剂替换为硅烷偶联剂KH550，得到的纳米陶瓷隔热膜使用10个月后变形，主要是因为合金薄膜与隔热层的收缩率不一致，两层之间容易脱离，变形。

Claims (8)

1.一种纳米陶瓷隔热膜，其特征在于包括四层，第一层为合金薄膜，第二层为隔热层，第三层为胶黏剂层，第四层为离合膜层。
2.根据权利要求1所述的纳米陶瓷隔热膜，其特征在于所述合金薄膜，以重量份数计算，由以下成分制成：聚碳酸酯100份、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯20-30份、酯交换催化剂甲醇钠0.1-0.2份、抗氧剂1-2份，钛酸酯偶联剂2-5份、成核剂0.5-1份。
3.根据权利要求2所述的纳米陶瓷隔热膜，其特征在于合金薄膜的制备方法如下：
（1）将各物料按比例称好，放入高速混合机中混合均匀，混合时间5-10分钟，混合转速1000-1200转/分钟，然后放出物料；
（2）将上述混配好的物料投入到双螺杆挤出机中挤出片材，然后进行四辊压延，压延温度为195-265℃，然后在180-200℃范围内双向拉伸，即得本发明所述合金薄膜。
4.根据权利要求1所述的纳米陶瓷隔热膜，其特征在于所述隔热层，以重量份数计算，由以下成分制成：聚乙烯醇4-7份、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯0.02～0.2份、水性丙烯酸乳液5-7份、表面活性剂0.005～0.01份、催化剂0.001～0.005份，消泡剂0.003～0.005份、流平剂0.01-0.05份、纳米二氧化钛15-20份、纳米氮化硅3-5份、纳米二氧化硅5-10份、纳米蓝色氧化钨0.05-0.2份、去离子水80～85份。
5.根据权利要求4所述的纳米陶瓷隔热膜，其特征在于所述的催化剂为对甲苯磺酸,所述的消泡剂为BYK-012,所述的表面活性剂为十二烷基磺酸钠,所述的流平剂为丙烯酸类流平剂。
6.根据权利要求4所述的纳米陶瓷隔热膜，其特征在于所述隔热层涂料的制备方法如下：
1)将纳米二氧化钛、纳米氮化硅、纳米二氧化硅、纳米蓝色氧化钨按比例混合，在球磨机上混合均匀；
2)将步骤1)混合好的粉末装入石墨模具中，采用热压烧结工艺进行制备，热压烧结温度为1000-1200℃，保温时间为1-2小时，超细粉碎，得到纳米陶瓷粉末；
3）将聚乙烯醇与去离子水混合搅拌，搅拌速度为50-100转/分钟，加热至90-100℃，恒温1-2h后加入水性丙烯酸乳液、消泡剂、流平剂、表面活性剂，降温至30-50℃，然后六亚甲基二异氰酸酯和催化剂，升温至50-60℃恒温反应2-3h，充分搅拌,最后加入步骤2）制备得到的纳米陶瓷粉末，高速混合均匀转速为500-1000转/分钟。
7.根据权利要求1所述的纳米陶瓷隔热膜，其特征在于所述纳米陶瓷隔热膜的厚度为50～60μm，其中，合金薄膜的厚度为10～15μm，隔热层的厚度为20～25μm，胶黏剂层的厚度为5～10μm，离合膜层的厚度为10～15μm。
8.根据权利要求1所述的纳米陶瓷隔热膜的制备方法，其特征在于包括如下步骤：
（1）将隔热层涂料上机涂布，基材为合金薄膜；
（2）然后胶黏剂，附上离合膜即得纳米陶瓷隔热膜。
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